Academic Thesis - Harvestree
Academic Thesis - Harvestree
Academic Thesis - Harvestree
Presented to
In Partial Fulfillment
by
Arevalo, Noren S.
Palma, Adrean S.
March 2018
ii
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
CENTRAL PHILIPPINE UNIVERSITY
JARO, ILOILO CITY, PHILIPPINES
0063-33-3291971 TO 79 local 1084
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The researchers would like to take this best opportunity to express their sincerest
gratitude to the following individuals who, in part or in whole, have contributed to the
The Almighty God for granting the researchers knowledge, wisdom, strength, patience,
and guidance all throughout the development of the application. Without Him, this project could
The adviser, Mr. Richard Michael Coo, for his time, advice, supervision, assistance, and
involvement right from the conception of the idea, during development, and until the completion
of the project;
The coordinator, Mr. Eugenio Andrieu, for the expertise and suggestions he shared to the
researchers;
Dr. Aries Roda D. Romallosa, Engr. Gelvie Lagos, and Mr. Barry Jone Matutina,
panelists, for their time, effort, expertise, and insights that contributed to the success of this
project;
Mr. Raul Sebastian Belita III and Mrs. Anna Marie Belita for warmly opening their home
and serving the researchers with nice meals during their overnight sessions, all throughout the
Mrs. Hermenilda Tupas, for accommodating the researchers during the finalization of
writing the first chapters of the paper and Mr. French Neco Tupas, for kickstarting the
Harvestree idea;
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The parents of the researchers, for their love, patience, understanding, and support on
sleepless nights and stressful days that the researchers endured during the development of the
project;
All the friends, classmates, Daisy, and to those who played a significant part in the
realization and fulfillment of the project, a kiss of life and gratefulness for the
motivation, inspiration, and belief in the potential of the researchers to transform the Harvestree
The Researchers.
v
Arevalo, Noren S.; Belita, Patricia Arianne A.; Dela Cruz, Vince Paul B.;
Macadangdang, Tristan Karlo M.; Palma, Adrean S.; Sermonia, Quim Robi S.
ABSTRACT
The vast majority of Filipino farmers and farm owners lack access to modern technology
when it comes to monitoring fruit trees. Since many trees are monitored all at once, it could be
tedious to take every detail into account. Harvestree is a web application designed to mitigate
this problem and help farm owners and employees monitor fruit trees with the aid of geographic
information technology. The system primarily uses the Google Maps API for interactive
mapping and integrates various third-party services to transform data into information such as
weather and vegetation index which may influence the decisions of the farm’s stakeholders for
List of Figures
Figure 1: ESRI: ArcGIS ....................................................................................................................
Figure 2: Google Maps .....................................................................................................................
Figure 3: GeoMation Farming ..........................................................................................................
Figure 4: Farm Works Dispatch ........................................................................................................
Figure 5: Cropio ................................................................................................................................
Figure 6: Scrum Development Approach .........................................................................................
Figure 7: Team Capacity ............................................................................................................... 18
Figure 8: General Use Case Diagram ........................................................................................... 29
Figure 9: Use Case Diagram - Account Management .................................................................. 31
Figure 10: Activity Diagram - Account Information Update ....................................................... 33
Figure 11: Use Case Diagram - Authentication ............................................................................ 34
Figure 12: Activity Diagram - Registration .................................................................................. 36
Figure 13: Activity Diagram - New User Verification ................................................................. 38
Figure 14: Activity Diagram – Login ........................................................................................... 40
Figure 15: Activity Diagram - Logout .......................................................................................... 42
Figure 16: Activity Diagram - Password Recovery ...................................................................... 44
Figure 17: Use Case Diagram - Farm Management ..................................................................... 45
Figure 18: Activity Diagram - Farm Creation .............................................................................. 47
Figure 19: Activity Diagram - Farm Update................................................................................. 49
Figure 20: Activity Diagram - Farm Deletion .............................................................................. 51
Figure 21: Activity Diagram - Employee Addition ...................................................................... 53
Figure 22: Activity Diagram - Employee Removal ...................................................................... 55
Figure 23: Activity Diagram - View Employee List ................................................................... 56
Figure 24: Activity Diagram - View Farm List ............................................................................ 57
Figure 25: Activity Diagram - Tree Plotting................................................................................. 60
Figure 26: Activity Diagram - Area Plotting ................................................................................ 62
Figure 27: Activity Diagram - Current Weather ........................................................................... 63
Figure 28: Activity Diagram - Weather Forecast ......................................................................... 64
Figure 29: Activity Diagram - View Quick Details ...................................................................... 65
Figure 30: Use Case - Activity Management ................................................................................ 66
Figure 31: Activity Diagram - Activity Creation .......................................................................... 68
Figure 32: Activity Diagram - Activity Update ............................................................................ 70
Figure 33: Activity Diagram - Activity Deletion .......................................................................... 71
Figure 34: Activity Diagram - View Activity ............................................................................... 72
Figure 35: Activity Diagram - Profit Statistics ............................................................................. 73
Figure 36: Use Case – Messaging ................................................................................................. 74
Figure 37: Activity Diagram - Send Message............................................................................... 76
Figure 38: Activity Diagram - Read Message .............................................................................. 78
Figure 39: NDVI Formula ............................................................................................................ 79
Figure 40: NDVI Legend Gradient ............................................................................................... 79
Figure 41: Normal Image vs NDVI color map ............................................................................. 80
Figure 42: Login Page ................................................................................................................... 82
Figure 43: Registration Page ......................................................................................................... 82
Figure 44: Verification Page ......................................................................................................... 82
Figure 45: Farm List ..................................................................................................................... 83
Figure 46: Employees List ............................................................................................................ 83
Figure 47: Farm in Map ................................................................................................................ 83
Figure 48: Weather Information ................................................................................................... 84
Figure 49: Summary of Trees and Areas ...................................................................................... 84
Figure 50: NDVI Map Overlay ..................................................................................................... 84
Figure 51: Chat Messaging ........................................................................................................... 85
Figure 52: Activity Creation ......................................................................................................... 85
Figure 53: Harvest-Profit Graph ................................................................................................... 85
Figure 54: Activity Calendar ........................................................................................................ 86
Figure 55: Activity Information .................................................................................................... 86
Figure 56: Reset Password Feature ............................................................................................... 87
Figure 57: Password Reset Identity Confirmation ........................................................................ 87
Figure 58: Password Reset ............................................................................................................ 87
Figure 59: Update Profile Information ......................................................................................... 87
List of Tables
Table 1: Feature Comparison ........................................................................................................ 11
Table 2: Role Permissions ............................................................................................................ 20
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CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
Technology has greatly improved how individuals interact with the world and Geolocation,
when connected to information, has helped people pin their location on a map for a variety of
weather and typhoon updates (PAGASA Project NOAH), exploring the world (Google Maps),
checking in to a place to let friends know where they are (Facebook), and more. Geolocation
determines and evaluates the real-world geographic position of an object, like mobile phones and
laptops connected to the Internet. In other words, geolocation involves the production of a set of
geographic coordinates and is similar to the use of positioning systems, but its effectiveness is
Global Positioning System (GPS) satellites, Cell Tower Assisted Triangulation, and
crowdsourced Wireless-Fidelity (Wi-Fi) Positioning System are some of the technologies that
made geolocation possible with decent accuracy. Several companies have changed the world by
connecting data to information and this is what the project is all about, “to connect raw position
Harvestree: A Farm Management System for Fruit Trees aims to improve the system of
monitoring fruit trees. From the current pen-and-paper and spreadsheet methods to location-
The vast majority of Filipino farmers and farm owners lack access to modern technology
when it comes to managing fruit trees. Since many trees are monitored, it is tedious to take every
detail into account such as the last date when it was fertilized, the brand of fertilizer used on a
specific date, the date when the fruit tree was planted, the rate of production, the profit earned at
The team proposes to do a web application that primarily utilizes the Google Maps API.
The map markers/pins will be used to indicate either the locations of specific trees or areas -
depending on the preference of the user. The position markers will then be linked to information
that will tell the developments and work done on that tree or area, as well as connecting it to
other sources of information that will aid the stakeholders of the farm make better decisions. The
web application can be accessed through a web browser from a desktop for easier plotting and
Main Objectives
1. To develop a system that will help farm owners and farmer workers monitor fruit
Specific Objectives
2. To deliver farm activity data on the field, through the farmers, directly to the farm
3. To assist owners in monitoring the status of the fruit trees remotely via the
internet by granting the owners the option of not personally going to the field to
5. To enable users to plot boundaries, areas, and markers of the farm on a map; and
The Harvestree: Farm Management System for Fruit Trees aims to innovate farming
technology when it comes to monitoring and acquiring current and historical data of the fruit
trees.
To the Farmers, it makes the farm management of the fruit trees easy; thus, saving extra
To the Agricultural scientists, data of the fruit trees for analysis and experimentation can
be retrieved in a consistent format. The data can be processed to determine information and
optimize the processes of fruit farming that could give the best yield rate.
To the Society, since the fruit trees are being monitored, it is expected that the fruits it
yields would have higher quality than normal. Consuming high quality fruits provide more health
benefits.
To the Government, the Harvestree can be of great help when it comes to improving the
economy. With proper monitoring of the fruit trees using the system, it is expected to provide
high quality fruits which can be sold in the market with high demands or can even be exported in
information system and its application to agriculture. It can be the basis for a more complex
study and innovate the presented concepts as more advanced technology becomes available in
the future.
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The farmer manually plots the coordinates of the fruit trees through the in-app Google Map
integration. Hence, the accuracy of the plotting depends on the user input. They may opt to use
the GPS features of their device to improve plotting accuracy. They would be able to add,
update, or delete the status, condition, and details of the trees such as harvest times, fertilizer
The businessman or the owner would be able to monitor, in real-time, statistics of the
Scope
The study only covers the fruit trees that are planted on map-plottable terrains.
Limitations
The application does not include auto-detection of objects such as trees and
The application does not support real-time satellite imagery. The application
relies on the map information provided by Google Inc. and Sinergise Ltd. and is
The application needs a working internet connection provided by the user to use
the system and to save and retrieve data stored online such as map and marker
information.
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CHAPTER 2
Arc Geographic
Information System
(ArcGIS) is an online
mapping application
happening and how information is related via different spatial overviews within the platform.
easier collaboration. These views help spot spatial patterns in data so that stakeholders can
make better and informed decisions before making actions. They may also take into account
the recommendations provided by the advanced predictive modeling features of the software.
Spatial Analytics is the core of ArcGIS, as with all other geographic information
systems. The major features of this objective include computational analysis of geographic
patterns, finding optimum routes, detecting and quantifying patterns, prediction, and site
selection.
operational awareness across all assets and activities. It boasts a community with the largest
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collection of global mapping imagery and layer information. Customers are provided with
secure cloud-storage of mapping information from their business systems with integration-
ready capabilities whenever the customer decides to add more geo-enabled data from any
source.
well as crowdedness for places of interest. Through Google Maps, people can do their task
faster. It can also make reservations in some restaurants by just a couple of clicks. Moreover,
they can share videos and photos of their favorite places that they have visited. They can also
view some reviews to help them decide to the place that they want to visit. Before they arrive
in their destination, they can look around with street view and indoor maps. Through Google
Maps, they can use Satellite and Street View to revisit places they have already been or explore
GeoMation Farming
agricultural information
management. It was
data. Hitachi aimed to deal on various hitches in agriculture areas such as soil
fertilization, food safety and security, farmland liquidity, and regional and agricultural
development promotion.
their Farm Field and Soil Information Management System, Traceability Management
System, Fertilization Design System, and Growth Forecast and Eating Quality Analysis
System. The advantage of these software is that it utilizes and manages data and
information (e.g. crops' information, fertilizers' record, and other chemical usage record)
for each farm which lead to a more efficient and precise operation flow.
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This type of Big Brother look is now possible with telematic products that allow
navigation, location, prescription application, and other data to be transferred easily to and
from farm machinery. These systems help farmers improve efficiencies on high-priced
equipment.
Trimble developed Farm Works Dispatch, an asset tracking software and the new
farming products by Trimble's Connected Farm solution. The DCM-300 and Farm Works
Dispatch, provides access to real-time kinematic (RTK) corrections from its VRS Now
2.5 Cropio
Cropio is a
productivity management
to accomplish agricultural
efficiently. It is a web-based
It provides satellite images and weather forecast and has telematics which enable it to
monitor machine performance and motion. It could also track progress within a given time
frame and keep records of data. It also equips with time analytics and forecast for the next
harvest.
Cropio can be used for field selection and monitoring of agricultural fields through
the NDVI images. Integration of this tool to create maps to be used in precision agriculture is
highly possible. It may also transfer information to the GPS and programs serving to locate
2.6 Synthesis
Google Farm
Esri: GeoMation
Maps (Free Works Cropio Harvestree
ArcGIS Farming
Version) Dispatch
Farm Location
✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Weather Data
Fruit Yield-Profit
✓ ✓
Statistics
Geo tagging ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Map Satellite
✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
View
Location Search ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Geographic
Information ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
System
In-app
✓ ✓
Communications
Custom Data
✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Cloud Storage
Cross-platform
✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Compatibility
NDVI View ✓ ✓ ✓
Free ✓ ✓
As shown in the table above, these are related systems as to the proposed solution based
service cloud-based mapping platform. Next, the Google Maps has core functions that also
expanded from basic destination guidance to giving users useful road information such as travel
time, traffic alerts, as well as crowdedness for places of interest. Third, the GeoMation Farming
is an agricultural information management system that uses GIS technology to utilize and
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provide unified management of farm information about products, producers, yields, and quality.
Then, Farm Works Dispatch is primarily an asset tracking software. And lastly, Cropio is a
productivity management system that facilitates remote monitoring of agricultural land and
enables its users to efficiently plan and carry out agricultural operations.
Therefore, the stated systems include features that can cater to some needs of the farmers,
but not as a whole. Farm owners are affected because they lack the technology of tracking the
crops, quality, yield, and profits. Sometimes, crops wither because of lack of fertilizer, and most
of all, the lack of access to digital monitoring tools. That’s why the team decided to work on
Harvestree to meet the technological needs of farmers that existing systems cannot cater to. It is
a web application to enable cross platform compatibility and mobile portability. Harvestree is a
CHAPTER 3
METHODOLOGY
3.1 Introduction
In the design and development of Harvestree: A Farm Management System for Fruit
Trees, the team chose the Agile Software Development Methodology: SCRUM Process. The
model promotes planning that can be adaptive planning, evolutionary development, continuous
improvement, and flexible response to change. The process has been modified by the researches
Harvestree is a system that will cater to the farming needs in the Philippines and, later on,
the world especially in managing fruit trees. The people who will benefit includes farm owners
and farm workers. Farm owners have information on their fingertips when managing the fruit
farm. They have the option of accessing the digital information of fruit trees so that they can
make informed assessments and decisions regarding the state of the farm. The major features of
Yield-profit charting
Weather information
Mobile-ready access
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1. Node.js
JavaScript code on the server-side. The team primarily utilized this technology to develop the
application.
2. React
React is a JavaScript library for building user interfaces. The team used this library for
client-side rendering.
3. Material Design
Material Design is a design language developed by Google. The team used the Principles
3.1 Material-UI
Design.
4. GitLab
GitLab is an online GIT repository management service. The team used this service for
5. Google Maps
Visual map data was retrieved from Google Maps. The API enabled the users to drag
marker pins and place it at the approximate location of the fruit tree. They also have the
option to use the geolocation feature of their mobile phones (via GPS) and stand near the
6. Mocha
Mocha is a JavaScript testing framework. The team utilized this tool for unit testing and
integration testing.
7. Jest
Jest is a testing platform to test JavaScript codes including React applications. The team
used this technology to test React components and how it behaves to state changes.
8. BurstSMS
BurstSMS is a bulk SMS messaging service that enables SMS messages to be delivered
from the web to mobile phone terminals. The team used this technology for verification
9. Scrum
methodology used by the team in developing the application and it was modified to fit the
10. Heroku
application online.
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11. MongoDB
NDVI Maps is a collection of satellite map information layer of the Sentinel-2 provided by
the Copernicus Program. NDVI is used by the team to display and quantify green vegetation
in terms of color to help farm stakeholders determine the parts of the farm that are starting to
Plan Preparation
On this phase, the team gathered requirements and decided on the architecture and
technology stack to be used. The team also discussed the project scope and organized the high-
level requirements needed by the system. During this phase, the team was able to estimate the
The team first gathered the requirements. After this stage, the team created a product
backlog which is composed of user stories based on the requirements. After story creation, the
team quantified the size of the stories through a planning session called, “planning poker”. By
giving values to the user stories, the team can decide the stories to be done for each sprint. The
stories are divided into manageable tasks which a member can voluntarily choose. Every day
during the duration of the sprint, the team convened in a quick meeting called, “daily stand up
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meeting”. In this activity, the team discussed what they have done, what they will do, and if there
are impediments that hinder them to complete the task. After every sprint, the team conducted
sprint retrospective and sprint review. During sprint retrospective, the team discussed what they
could do to improve the processes and performance on the next sprint. While on a sprint review,
the team reviewed the current build progress of the whole system.
The team was composed of a Scrum Master, a Product Owner, and the Development
Team. Each member of the team will commit his or her availability, measured in hours, for a
sprint. This will enable the team to estimate their capacity and make informed decisions about
The Scrum master was the one who facilitated team meetings. He supervised the Scrum
processes, coached the team, and removed immediate impediments of the members. He managed
The Product Owner has the vision of the finished product. He was the one who clarified
the details of the product backlog items and their respective acceptance criteria.
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The Development Team defines the work and effort necessary to meet their
commitments. They were the people who turned the ideas of the product owner into reality by
The team has used the testing tools and techniques defined in Chapter 3.2 to execute this
phase. The Product Owner has been consulted during evaluation to make sure that the
requirements have been met before the team marked the task as done.
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This section discusses how the researchers used the tools and technologies, defined in
Authorization
Objectives met:
To secure the information contained in the application and restrict access to
The system enables farm owners to control access permissions. Farm owners assign roles
Objectives met:
To assist owners in monitoring the status of the fruit trees remotely via the
internet granting the owners the option of not personally going to the field to
The user may create distinctive types of activities for each marker of a tree or the areas of
trees of the farm which the user inputs and the system saves in the database. The following are
1. Fertilizer Application
2. Field Report
3. Harvest
4. Land Preparation
5. Pest Control
6. Watering
7. Weed Control
The user may add remarks and attach photo to the activity. The activities are then
displayed on a calendar to classify them by the time and date that the activity was done or is
planned to be performed.
The researchers installed an external module for the calendar and graph display and the
data shown were fetched from the database. In activities with quantitative data like the ‘Amount
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of Harvest’ and ‘Profit’, these elements were displayed in a graph to correlate the harvest-profit
Objectives met:
To enable users to plot boundaries, areas, and markers of the farm on the map.
The researchers used the Google Maps API in order to generate an interactive map for the
application. Since the project was done using React, the researchers used an external module that
The map allows the user to switch from road view to satellite view or vice versa. It is also
the source of the latitude and longitude data which is used in other parts of the application. Using
this technology, the researchers were able to integrate an interactive map interface which allowed
the user to draw an overlay on the map to either mark boundaries, trees, and areas of the farm.
Objectives met:
To deliver farm activity data on the field, through the farmers, directly to the
The researchers used the feathers service events to broadcast new data to the users,
implementing additional filters so that the data is only sent to authorized clients.
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Objectives met:
The system uses map tile information from the Sentinel Hub by Sinergise. The tile
information is integrated with the Google Maps API as an overlay to provide a seamless
experience for the user. The tile information is updated by Sinergise every 5 days.
Weather Information
Objectives met:
The researchers used the OpenWeatherMap API to give insight to the user about the
current weather of a specific place. OpenWeatherMap’s weather service is based on the VANE
Geospatial Data Science platform. Through this, the user can track the current temperature and
weather conditions.
The system retrieves the longitude and latitude data of a specific farm’s center plotted
from the Google Maps API during farm creation. By using this data, we can view the weather
information using the OpenWeatherMap API. The service requires a specific name of a place or
the longitude and the latitude of a place to show the current weather condition and a 5-day
forecast which is updated every 3 hours. Since the system is limited in the Philippines, the
researchers checked that the information given correlates with the PAGASA (Philippine
Objectives met:
The researchers would like to restrict the usage of the application within the Philippines
and the user must be verified first before using the system. To address this, the researchers used
SMS verification to make sure that the user is legitimate and also to mitigate spam. The
BurstSMS REST API is used to send the SMS verification message from the web to a mobile
The system generates and sends a 6-digit code after user registration to the mobile
number entered by the user. The user will enter this code on the verification page to confirm his
identity. The same process is also followed when the user wants to retrieve his password.
The 6-digit verification code may be brute forced over an optimistic time of 3 minutes –
depending on resources. Due this, the system is configured to invalidate the code once an invalid
CHAPTER 4
provide simple, efficient, and innovative methods of managing and monitoring farms. It was
designed and developed to help farm stakeholders monitor the farm with the help of Geographic
Information System Mapping Technology via Google Maps, a web mapping service developed
by Google.
It also contains features which can aid to analyze farm performance and status. Moreover,
the application enables the farm owners to monitor their farm and employees at any time without
personally going to the field. It was built as a web-based application which can be accessed using
a web browser in the desktop and it also looks equally great on smart phones.
The application has a core objective of innovating the existing methods of farm
management and monitoring. It incorporates features such as tree and area plotting and activity
recording which would greatly improve the way farm information is being managed. The
application is able to generate annual harvest-profit statistics overview once there is sufficient
information. Farm owners can search and add employees to the farm. Furthermore, they can also
monitor their employees once added. With Harvestree, the way farm owners and employees do
User Authentication
This function requires the user to register an account before they can use the
application. When the user has already an account, the system requires them to log in
using the username and password that the user has created.
Account Verification
After creating a new account, the system requires the user to verify their account
by sending a verification code to the mobile number they have provided during
registration. The code will be sent via text message to the user, and it will be entered
into the system before the user can enjoy the full features of Harvestree.
The user has the ability to modify their personal details like name, address, and
date of birth. This function also allows the user to change their password whenever
Farm Creation
The user can create a virtual representation of their farm on the application by
locating it using the Google maps and plotting its position. The user who created the
farm will be assigned to the role of a farm owner which has the capability to add
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other users to the farm as their employees. They could also create multiple farms and
Employee Management
Each farm has its own list of employees, and the farm owner has the capability to
add and remove employees and managers to the farm. The farm owner could search
the employee to add if they have an existing account. If they do not have an account
yet, the farm owner could send an invitation link to the employee to let them create an
account.
This functionality allows the farm owners and their employees to mark a certain
fruit tree or an area of fruit trees in the map. The marked fruit tree or area of fruit
The users, which includes the farm owner and the employees that are authorized
to access a farm, have the ability to create activities on every tree and area plotted on
the farm. The user can add farm activities which are “Watering”, “Harvest”, “Pest
Preparation”. These activities are for keeping track of the status of each trees and
areas on the user’s farm. The activities that the user creates are archived on a calendar
Harvest-Profit Statistics
One of the farm activities that can be added to the trees and areas on a farm is
“Harvest”. It is the activity that the harvest-profit graph gets the data from. The
Harvest activity contains the amount of harvest and profit information which is the
In-app Messaging
This functionality lets the farm owners and their employees within their assigned
The system uses a third-party mapping API called Sentinel to retrieve NDVI map
tiles from the Sentinel S2 satellite and overlay these tiles to the Google Maps API
primarily used by the application for interactions. Sentinel processes the satellite
images and maps a color depending on the system’s calculation of a certain area.
NDVI is used to determine plant activity. It relies on the principle that the
chlorophyll in living plant material strongly absorbs visible light, and strongly reflects
The following diagram illustrates the general use case of Harvestree. This use case view
shows the main roles present in the application and how these users interact with the system in
various ways.
The general use case diagram shows the scope of the system. It describes the interactions
between the system and the users of the system. In this diagram, the actors are the Farm Owner,
the Farm Manager which is ideally the system role assigned by the Farm Owner to do
administrative tasks and help out in farm management, and the Employee which is ideally the
system role assigned to the Farmer. These actors have an association with the use cases in what
This use case is for all verified users when they want to manage their account information
in the system.
g. Password
1. The actor inputs the preferred information changes.
2. The actor presses the confirmation button to save the changes.
3. The system validates the inputs.
4. If there are no errors, the changes are saved and the actor is notified
that the changes are successfully saved. Otherwise, see EX.1 and
EX.2 on how errors are handled.
Alternative None.
Courses:
Exceptions: 1. The backend fails for some reason upon saving.
1.1. The final notification will show ‘Internal Server Error’.
2. The actor’s inputs do not follow the system’s predefined rules.
2.1. The system displays errors if they exist and highlights the fields
where the error occurs along with an explanation. The action
will not proceed unless the errors are satisfied by the actor.
Assumptions: 1. The actor has a stable internet connection.
Notes and None.
Issues:
33
This use case is for all users when they want to authenticate their account for the system
4.4.2.1 Registration
b. Middle Name
c. Last Name
d. Address
e. Contact Number
f. Date of Birth
g. Password
4. The actor presses the ‘r\Register’ button.
5. If there are no errors, the registration proceeds. Otherwise, see
EX.1 and EX.2 on how errors are handled.
6. A verification code is sent via SMS to the contact number
registered by the actor.
7. The actor is redirected to the verification page.
Alternative None.
Courses:
Exceptions: 1. The backend fails for some reason upon saving.
1.1. The notification will show an ‘Internal Server Error’ message.
2. The inputs do not follow the system’s predefined rules.
2.1. The system displays errors if they exist and highlights the
fields where the error occurs along with an explanation.
2.2. If the errors are satisfied by the actor, reg
Assumptions: 1. The actor has a stable internet connection.
2. The registered contact number of the actor must be a Philippine
mobile phone number.
Notes and Issues: None.
36
4.4.2.3 Login
4.4.2.4 Logout
This use case is for verified users when they want to manage the farms they own or to
manage the farms they are employed to.
2.1. The system closes the modal and shows an ‘Invalid Data’
notification. The inputs are temporarily preserved on the field
but are not persisted to the system.
2.2. Resume from MC. 6
Assumptions: 1. The actor has a stable internet connection.
2. The actor is verified and authorized.
Notes and None.
Issues:
60
This use case is used by farm employees to record and retrieve the activities they do in
the farms they are employed to, this may also be used by the owner and the managers to plan out
activities in the interactive calendar provided by the application. This management feature
enables the users to obtain a bird’s eye view to monitor the farms they own and to keep track of
the profit each harvesting season, as well as detailed views with attached images to examine how
This use case is for an authorized owner, manager, and employees of a certain farm when
they want to collaborate within the app such as discussing about the problems they encountered
assess whether an area contains live green vegetation. It relies on the principle that the
chlorophyll in living plant material strongly absorbs visible light, and strongly reflects near-
infrared light. This is the most known and used vegetation index because it is a simple but
effective vegetation index for quantifying green vegetation. It normalizes green leaf scattering in
A vegetation index is used to unify multiple data sets into a single value making it
formula:
Where NIR stands for the Near Infrared Regions and Red stands for the visible light.
The output from the index is assigned a color from the gradient and it is used to generate
a false-color image of an area. A quick glance at the resulting image can quickly show regions of
the field where the index returned low values and those where high values were obtained. The
greener the color, the more leaves and photosynthetic activity a plant has.
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These are comparisons taken from a random tree farm in Guimaras, Philippines. The
image on the left is the normal satellite view image composed of an array of trees where rich
photosynthetic activity happens. On the right is the NDVI Color Map which suggests an accurate
representation that the area contains live green vegetation. Also, observe the array of trees on the
adjacent lot colored in green, as opposed to the land partially lacking in vegetation that surrounds
The application does not store Google Maps tile data for offline use because doing so
would violate the terms and conditions that Google has set in using the API as stated in Section
4.4 Cache Restrictions. Customer may not pre-fetch, retrieve, cache, index, or store any
Content, or portion of the Services with the exception being Customer may store limited
due to network latency, and only if Customer does so temporarily, securely, and in a
manner that (a) does not permit use of the Content outside of the Services; (b) does not
manipulate or aggregate any Content or portion of the Services; (c) does not prevent
Google from accurately tracking usage; and (e) does not modify attribution in any way.
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5.1 Summary
enable remote farm management and monitoring. It aims to innovate the existing methods of
farm owners and their employees in accomplishing their daily tasks. The application contains
features such as farm plotting, tree and area marking, harvest and profit statistics, activity
Heroku and uses the Google Maps API for mapping and Sentinel-2 for NDVI mapping. The
markers are used to indicate either the location of a tree or a specific area - depending on the
preference of the user. The position markers are then linked to information that will tell
developments and work done on a tree or a specific area. Harvest and profit statistics will be
5.2 Conclusion
The design and development of the Harvestree was successfully accomplished by the
researchers. The application was able to achieve the following software qualities: efficient,
functional, reliable, secure, maintainable, and portable. The researchers were able to create a
system wherein farm owners are able to remotely monitor their farms as well as their employees.
Furthermore, the system also increases information retrieval accuracy. Therefore, the researchers
5.3 Recommendations
Harvestree has successfully completed its objectives and is a fully functional project,
however the researchers believe that it is still in its early stage and can still be further improved.
The researchers propose to integrate IoT to the project in order to make farm
management more intelligent and more automated, bringing it closer to the so-called precision
agriculture, also known as smart farming. The application uses, at the time of writing, Google
Maps to monitor and survey farms. Future researchers can use drone for a real-time air shot of
the farm area and augment the derived information to the map.
Real-time site-wide notification system for important events was not implemented in the
LandSat-7, and WorldView-2) for the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and
other indexes would also be a great enhancement to the existing Harvestree application because
it enables the application access to detailed data and map tiles via commercial-grade high-
definition imagery and can be used to improve and innovate new features.
The researchers also recommend to test the software on the field, by integrating it with
the actual processes of farmers and retrieving feedback to improve the application.
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APPENDICES
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