Nothing Special   »   [go: up one dir, main page]
Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 13 views

    ABGs

    Uploaded by

    c h
    The document discusses acid-base imbalances including acidosis, normal pH levels, and alkalosis. It provides data on pH, PCO2, and HCO3 levels associated with each condition. Respiratory issues affect PCO2 levels while kidney function impacts HCO3. Acidosis results from high CO2 or low bicarbonate. Alkalosis is caused by low CO2 or high bicarbonate. The body compensates for imbalances through respiratory or kidney mechanisms like changing ventilation rate or ion excretion to return pH to normal.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    ABGs

    Uploaded by

    c h
    13 views3 pages
    The document discusses acid-base imbalances including acidosis, normal pH levels, and alkalosis. It provides data on pH, PCO2, and HCO3 levels associated with each condition. Respiratory issues affect PCO2 levels while kidney function impacts HCO3. Acidosis results from high CO2 or low bicarbonate. Alkalosis is caused by low CO2 or high bicarbonate. The body compensates for imbalances through respiratory or kidney mechanisms like changing ventilation rate or ion excretion to return pH to normal.

    Original Description:

    Original Title

    ABGs.docx

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    The document discusses acid-base imbalances including acidosis, normal pH levels, and alkalosis. It provides data on pH, PCO2, and HCO3 levels associated with each condition. Respiratory issues affect PCO2 levels while kidney function impacts HCO3. Acidosis results from high CO2 or low bicarbonate. Alkalosis is caused by low CO2 or high bicarbonate. The body compensates for imbalances through respiratory or kidney mechanisms like changing ventilation rate or ion excretion to return pH to normal.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    13 views3 pages

    ABGs

    Uploaded by

    c h
    The document discusses acid-base imbalances including acidosis, normal pH levels, and alkalosis. It provides data on pH, PCO2, and HCO3 levels associated with each condition. Respiratory issues affect PCO2 levels while kidney function impacts HCO3. Acidosis results from high CO2 or low bicarbonate. Alkalosis is caused by low CO2 or high bicarbonate. The body compensates for imbalances through respiratory or kidney mechanisms like changing ventilation rate or ion excretion to return pH to normal.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 3

    Acid-Base Imbalances

    Acidosis Normal Alkalosis


    pH < 7.35 7.35-7.45 > 7.45
    (Respiratory) PCO2 > 45 35-45 < 35
    (Metabolic) HCO3 < 22 22-26 > 26

    Uncompensated values:
    Respiratory acidosis
    pH Below 7.35
    PCO2 Above 45
    HCO3 Normal

    Respiratory alkalosis
    pH Above 7.45
    PCO2 Below 35
    HCO3 Normal

    Metabolic acidosis
    pH Below 7.35
    PCO2 Normal
    HCO3 Below 22

    Metabolic alkalosis
    pH Below 7.45
    PCO2 Normal
    HCO3 Above 26

    Respiratory
     Respiratory problems result from changes in carbon dioxide exhalation due to lung or
    breathing disorders
    o This is why the PCO2 levels will be affected

    Metabolic
     Metabolic problems result from imbalance in the production of acids or bases and their
    excretion by the kidneys
    o This is why the HCO3 will be affected

    Acidosis
     Respiratory causes of acidosis:
    o Buildup of carbon dioxide in the blood from poor lung function or depressed
    breathing
     Respiratory S&S of acidosis:
    o Headache, confusion
    o Breathing shallow and/or slowly
     Bradypnea
     Hypoventilation
     Metabolic causes of acidosis:
    o Overproduction of acid that builds up in the blood
    o Excessive loss of bicarbonate from the blood
     Metabolic S&S of acidosis:
    o N/v, fatigue
    o Breathing faster and deeper than normal
     Kussmaul respirations (deep, labored breathing pattern)

    Alkalosis
     Respiratory causes of alkalosis:
    o Low level of CO2 in blood
     hyperventilation
     S&S of alkalosis:
    o Irritability
    o Muscle twitching, cramping
    o Tingling in fingers, toes, and around lips
     Paresthesia
     Metabolic causes of alkalosis:
    o Overabundance of bicarbonate in blood (HCO3)
    o Loss of acid from blood

    Compensation
     If the pH is abnormal, then the body’s ability to compensate is failing
    o Urgent to treat underlying cause
     Respiratory compensation is usually done through metabolic mechanisms
    o Respiratory acidosis compensation
     HCO3 may become elevated once the kidneys kick in and release
    bicarbonate into blood in an effort to buffer the blood pH back down to
    normal
     Kidneys excrete hydrogen ions from the body in order to decreased
    acidity of blood
    o Respiratory alkalosis compensation
     The kidneys excrete more bicarbonate into the urine so that the blood pH
    can become more acidic
     Kidneys retain more H+ in order to make pH more acidic
     Metabolic compensation is usually done through respiratory mechanisms and metabolic
    mechanisms
    o Metabolic acidosis compensation:
     Lungs hyperventilate to eliminate CO2
     Ex: Kussmaul respirations in the case of severe metabolic acidosis
     Kidneys conserve HCO3
    o Metabolic alkalosis compensation:
     Lungs hypoventilate to raise CO2
     Kidneys conserve H+ and excrete HCO3

    You might also like