KRISHNA UNIVERSITY - MACHILIPATNAM

Ph.D. Program 2010-11

Department of Computer Science

PART - I
Paper -1 : Research Methodology

UNIT – I Introduction and tools of Research

Introduction. The objectives and dimensions of Research. Types of Research, Characteristics of

Research. Tools of Research : Library, the Internet, measurements for computer science
research, statistics, Data Analysis tools.

UNIT-II Defining Research Problem

The Research Problems : Necessity of Defining the problem. Technique involved in defining a
problem. Review of related literature: Purpose of literature survey, identifying the current status,
presentation of literature survey findings. Critique, Survey and peer review process.

UNIT – III Planning and Designing the Research Project

Research planning , Different Research Designs, Basic Principles of Experimental Designs.

Data Analysis. Conducting research in computer science: Software and Hardware
implementation, Simulation, debugging and Evaluation.

UNIT – IV Research Methodology & Writing the Research Paper

Research Methodology : Quantitative and Qualitative approach. Technique of Interpretation.

Characteristics of a paper. Precautions for writing Research Reports. Tools for Research
Documentation synopsis.

UNIT – V Report Writing

Final paper Presentation. Significance of Report Writing. Types of Reports. Layout of the
research report. Result visualization, references. Precautions of Research Reports.

Textbook

Research Methodology Methods and Techniques, C.R.Kothari, Wishwa Prakashan Publishers –

Second Edition.

References
Microsoft Excel Data Analysis and Business Modelling, Wayne L. Winston, Microsoft Press
2004, ISBN : 0735619018
 KRISHNA UNIVERSITY - MACHILIPATNAM
Ph.D. Program 2010-11

Department of Computer Science

PART - I : Paper -1 : Research Methodology

Model Question Paper -1

Time: 3 hours Total Marks: 100

PART – A
Answer the following questions. Each question carries 2 marks. 10 x 2=20 marks

1. Write about characteristics of research.

2. List the types of research problems.
3. What is the purpose of Literature Survey.
4. Explain about the critical survey.
5. List the different Research Designs.
6. Explain about the simulation concept in computer science research.
7. List the precautions for writing research reports.
8. Explain about qualitative approach in research methodology.
9. Explain the significance of report writing in brief manner.
10. List the types of research reports.
PART-B
Answer all the following questions. Each question carries equal marks. 5 x 16 = 80

11. a. Explain the objectives and dimensions of Research?.

(or)
b. Explain various tools used in research?

12. a. Define a Research Problem and write about the necessity of defining a problem.
(or)
b. Write about technique involved in defining a problem.

13. a. Define the Research Design and explain different Research Designs?
(or)
b. Explain about the Features of good Research Design?

14. a. Write about the technique of interpretation?

(or)
b. Write the precautions in interpretation?

15. a. Explain about the types of Reports?

(or)
b. Explain the significance of Report Writing?
 KRISHNA UNIVERSITY - MACHILIPATNAM
Ph.D. Program 2010-11
Department of Computer Science
PART - I
Paper – II : Broad Area of Research
UNIT – I Data Structures and Algorithms
Linear Data Structures: Stacks, Queues, Sequential storage representation and Linked storage
representation. Nonlinear data structures: Representation of trees and graphs. Sorting: Bubble
Sort and Selection Sort. Searching : Linear search and Binary search. Performance Analysis-
Space complexity,Time complexity, Asymptotic Notation- Big oh notation, Omega notation and
Theta notation . Divide and conquer: Quick sort, Merge sort. Dynamic Programming: 0/1
knapsack problem.

UNIT – II Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science

Mathematical Logic : Statements and notations, Truth Tables, tautology. Predicates : Predicative
logic, Rules of inference. Set Theory : Properties of binary Relations, Functions: Recursive
Functions. Graph Theory : Representation of Graph, DFS, BFS, Spanning Trees.

UNIT – III Computer Architecture and Operating Systems

Basic Computer Organization and Design : Stored Program Organization, Instruction set,
Timing and Control, Instruction Cycle. Micro-programmed Controller: Control Memory,
Address Sequencing, Micro Instruction Format, Design of Control Unit. Central Processing
Unit: General Register Organization, Stack Organization, Instruction Format and Addressing
Modes. Operating System : Process State Diagram, Process Scheduling. Deadlocks, Deadlock
prevention, detection and avoidance. Semaphores. Classical problems in Computer Science :
bounded-buffer problem, reader-writer problem, dining philosopher’s problem.

UNIT – IV Data Communications and Computer Networks

Standards Organizations for Data Communications, Layered Network Architecture, Serial and
Parallel Data Transmission, Data communications Networks. Data Communications Character
Codes, Bar Codes, Error Control, Error Detection, Error Correction. OSI, TCP/IP Network
models. Network Topologies. Routing algorithms: Distance Vector routing, Hierarchical routing
and Shortest path routing. Dynamic routing : Broadcast routing, Multiplex routing. Congestion
Control Algorithms – General principles of congestion control, policies. Traffic shaping: Leaky
bucket and token bucket algorithms.

UNIT – V Database Management Systems

Relational Model, Relational Database Design - Normalization. Indexing and Hashing : B-tree
Index files, B+ trees Index Files, Static hash functions, Dynamic hash functions, comparison of
Indexing and Hashing. Concurrency Control.
Text Books

1. An Introduction to Data Structures with Applications – Jean Paul Tremblay and

Sorenson.
2. Fundamentals of Computer Algorithms, Ellis Horowitz, Satraj Sahni and Rajasekharam,
Galgotia publications pvt. Ltd.
3. Discrete Mathematical Structures with applications to computer science Trembly J.P. &
Manohar .P, TMH
4. Operating System Concepts- Abraham Silberchatz, Peter B. Galvin, Greg Gagne 7th
Edition, John Wiley.
5. Computer Systems Architecture – M.Moris Mano, IIIrd Edition, Pearson/PHI
6. Data Communications and Networking, Behrouz A Forouzan, Fourth Edition.TMH.
7. Computer Networks — Andrew S Tanenbaum, 4th Edition. Pearson Education/PHI
8. Data base System Concepts, Silberschatz, Korth, McGraw hill, V edition.

Reference Books

1. DataStructures Using C – A.S.Tanenbaum, Y. Langsam, and M.J. Augenstein,

PHI/Pearson Education.
2. Design and Analysis of algorithms, Aho, Ullman and Hopcroft,Pearson Education.
3. Discrete and Combinational Mathematics- An Applied Introduction-5th Edition – Ralph.
P.Grimaldi.Pearson Education
4. Operating systems- A Concept based Approach-D.M.Dhamdhere, 2nd Edition, TMH
5. Computer Organization and Architecture – William Stallings Sixth Edition, Pearson/PHI
6. Introduction to Data Communications and Networking, Wayne Tomasi, Pearson
Education.
7. Introduction to Database Systems, C.J.Date Pearson Education
 KRISHNA UNIVERSITY - MACHILIPATNAM
Ph.D. Program 2010-11

Department of Computer Science

PART - I
Paper -2 : Broad Area of Research Methodology in Computer Science

Model Question Paper – I

Time: 3 hours Total Marks: 100
PART – A
Answer the following questions. Each question carry 2 marks. 10 x 2=20 marks

1. Define the stack.

2. Write about Big O notation.
3. Write the Exclusive OR Truth Table.
4. Explain about DFS logic.
5. Define the frame.
6. Explain about dynamic routing method.
7. Define the addressing mode.
8. Define the semaphore.
9. Difference between data and information.
10. Define B+ tree index file.
PART – B
Answer all the following questions. Each question carry equal marks. 5 x 16 = 80 marks

11. a. Explain about Doubly Linked Lists and its operations.

(or)
b. Explain about the Time and Space Complexity with example.

12. a. Explain about the rules of inference.

(or)
b. Explain about DFS and BFS with example.

13. a. Explain about the Stored Program Organization in detail?

(or)
b. Describe about the dining philosopher problem with algorithm?

14. a. Describe OSI reference model?

(or)
b. Explain about the Network topologies in detail?

15. a. Write about static hashing functions..

(or)
b. Write about Normalization and different forms of Normalization?
 KRISHNA UNIVERSITY - MACHILIPATNAM
Ph.D. Program 2010-11
Department of Computer Science
PART - I
Paper - 3 : Wireless Networks and Mobile Computing

UNIT – I

Computing Networks, types of networks, wired networks, wireless networks, Generation

of Wireless Networks: 2G, 3G, and 4G. Cellular Networks, Mobile Ad Hoc Networks,
Mesh Networks, Sensor Networks. Mobile Computing: Architecture of Mobile
Computing. Mobile Computing Applications, Internet.

UNIT – II

Mobile Network Layer : IPv4, IPv6, Mobile IP, entities and terminology, IP packet
delivery, agent discovery, registration, tunneling and encapsulation. IP mobility support.

UNIT – III

Classical TCP improvements: Mobile TCP, Fast retransmit/fast recovery,

Transmission/timeout freezing, Selective retransmission, Transaction-oriented TCP.

UNIT-IV

GSM architecture. GSM Protocol Stack, Handover, HLR and VLR, GPRS, GPRS
Architecture.

UNIT – V

Mobile Operating Systems: Android, iOS, Symbion, Windows Phone, Blackberry.

WWW, HTML, HTTP, WML. WAP. Wireless LAN Architecture, WiFi, WiMax.

Text Book:
Jochen Schiller,“Mobile Communications”,Addison-Wesley, Second Edition, 2004.

References:
1. Stojmenovic and Cacute, “Handbook of Wireless Networks and Mobile
Computing”, Wiley, 2002, ISBN 0471419028.
2. Adelstein, Frank, Gupta, Sandeep KS, Richard III, Golden , Schwiebert, Loren,
“Fundamentals of Mobile and Pervasive Computing”, ISBN: 0071412379, McGraw-
Hill Professional, 2005.
3. Hansmann, Merk, Nicklous, Stober, “Principles of Mobile Computing”, Springer,
second edition, 2003.
4. Martyn Mallick, “Mobile and Wireless Design Essentials”, Wiley DreamTech,
2003.
 RISHNA UNIVERSITY - MACHILIPATNAM
Ph.D. Program 2010-11
Department of Computer Science
PART - I : Paper - 3 : Wireless Networks and Mobile Computing
Model Question Paper -1
Time: 3 hours Total Marks: 100
PART - A
Answer the following questions. Each question carry 2 marks. 10 x 2=20 marks

1. Write the differences between wired and wireless networks.

2. Explain the concept of mobile adhoc networks.
3. Write the entities of mobile network layer.
4. Explain briefly about the registration concept.
5. Explain about the mobile TCP.
6. Write about time-out freezing concept.
7. Explain about the hand-over concept.
8. Write briefly about the GPRS.
9. Explain the Android Mobile OS.
10. Draw the WAP Architecture.
PART - B
Answer all the following questions. Each question carry equal marks. 5 x 16 = 80

11. (a) Explain various generation of wireless networks.

(or)
(b) What is mobile computing? Draw architecture of mobile computing with various
applications of mobile computing.

12. (a) Explain IPv4. What are the advantages of IPv6 over IPv4.
(or)
(b) Explain the concept of IP packet delivery in a mobile system.

13. (a) What is Mobile TCP? What are the disadvantages of conventional TCP to
incorporate in wireless environment.
(or)
(b) What is Mobile TCP? Explain selective retransmission.

14. (a) Explain GSM Architecture.

(or)
(b) Explain GPRS Architecture.

15. (a) Give an overview of Mobile OS.

(or)
(b) Explain Wireless Application Protocol. Distinguish between WiFi and WiMax.
 KRISHNA UNIVERSITY - MACHILIPATNAM
Ph.D. Program 2010-11
Department of Computer Science
PART - I
Paper - 3 : Data Mining Techniques

Unit I
Data mining – Introduction, Data mining on what kind of data, Data mining functionalities,
classification of Data mining systems, Major issues in Data mining.
Unit II
Mining Association rules in large databases - Association rule mining, Mining single-
Dimensional Boolean association rules from Transactional databases, Mining multi-
Dimensional Association rules from relational Databases and Data Warehouses
Unit III
Classification and Prediction - Introduction classification by decision tree induction,
Bayesian Classification. Other classification methods, classification by back propagation,
Prediction, classifier accuracy
Unit IV
Cluster analysis – Introduction types of data in cluster analysis a categorization of major
clustering methods portioning methods, hierarchical methods
Unit V
Density based methods: DBSCAN, Grid-based method : STRING , Model based clustering
method: Statistical Approach, outlier analysis.

Text books

1. Jiawei Han Micheline Kamber, Data mining & Techniques Morgan Kaufmann
Publishers

Reference books
1. S.N.Sivanandam, S.Sumathi ,Data Mining – Concepts, Tasks and Techniques
Thomson (2006).

2. Margaret HDunham Data mining - Introductory and advanced topics,Pearson

Education
 RISHNA UNIVERSITY - MACHILIPATNAM
Ph.D. Program 2010-11
Department of Computer Science
PART - I : Paper - 3 : Data Mining Techniques
Model Question Paper -1
Time: 3 hours Total Marks: 100
PART - A
Answer the following questions. Each question carry 2 marks. 10 x 2=20 marks

1. What is metadata?
2. Define web mining?
3. What is roughset approach?
4. What is decision tree?
5. Define border set?
6. What is windowing?
7. Write brief note on time series mining?
8. What is page rank?
9. Write is outlier analysis?
10. List out the tasks of Temporal datamining?

PART-B
Answer all the following questions. Each question carry equal marks. 5 x 16 = 80 marks

11. (a). what are the major issues in the data mining task? Explain in brief.
(Or)
(b). Explain classification of Data mining systems.

12. (a). write about concept of mining association? Explain different types of
association rules.
(Or)
(b).Explain Apriori algorithm with example.

13. (a). Explain in detail Classification and Prediction.

(Or)
(b). Explain tree pruning in detail.

14. (a). Explain a categorization of major clustering methods in detail.

(Or)
(b). What is portioning methods? What are classical partitioning methods.

15. (a). Explain Density based methods

(Or)
(b). Explain distance based outlier detection
 KRISHNA UNIVERSITY - MACHILIPATNAM
Ph.D. Program 2010-11
Department of Computer Science
PART - I
Paper - 3 : Software Engineering and Project Management

UNIT-I
Introduction to software Engineering- The Evolution Role of software, Software, Quality of
Software, Software Evolution.
Software Engineering Process Models- prescriptive models, waterfall model, Incremental model,
RAD model, Evolutionary process model.

UNIT-II
Software Architecture – Software Architecture, Data design, Architecture styles and patterns,
Architectural design, mapping data flow into software architecture.
Software Analysis Model- Requirements analysis, Data modeling concepts, Object-oriented
modeling, Class- based modeling, flow-oriented modeling.

UNIT-III
Software Design Engineering- Design within the context of software Engineering, Design
process and quality, Design concepts, Design model, Pattern based software design.
Software Testing Strategies – Static approach to software testing, Validation testing, System
testing, Black-Box testing, White-Box testing, Object oriented testing models, Art of Debugging.

UNIT-IV
Software Metrics- Framework for product metrics, Metrics for analysis, Design, Source code,
testing and maintenance, Metrics for process and project domains.
Software Re-Engineering- Software Re-Engineering, Reverse Engineering, Restructuring,
Forward engineering.

UNIT-V
Project Organization & Responsibilities-, Project organizations, evolution of organizations.
Process Automation- Automation building blocks, project environment.
Project control & Process Instrumentation- The seven core metrics, Management indicators,
Quality indicators, Life cycle expectations, Programmatic software metrics, Metrics automation,
tailoring the process, Process discriminates.

Text Books-
1. Software Engineering-A practitioner’s Approach- Roger S. Pressman.
2. Software Project management- A Unified Framework – Walker Royce.
 KRISHNA UNIVERSITY - MACHILIPATNAM
Ph.D. Program 2010-11
Department of Computer Science
PART - I : Paper - 3 : Software Engineering and Project Management
Model Question Paper -1
Time: 3 hours Total Marks: 100
PART – A
Answer the following questions. Each question carry 2 marks. 10 x 2 = 20 marks

1. Explain about the Software.

2. Write about the incremental model.
3. List the software architecture styles.
4. Explain about the flow oriented modeling.
5. Explain about the software design concepts.
6. Explain about the validation testing.
7. List the metrics for software analysis.
8. Explain about the source code concepts.
9. Explain about the project organization concepts.
10.Explain the tailoring the process concept.

PART - B
Answer the following questions. Each question carry 20 marks. 5 x 16 =80 marks

11. (a) Define the software quality? Explain in detail?

(or)
(b) Explain about the software evolutionary process models in detail?

12. (a) Explain the process of mapping the dataflow into software architecture?
(or)
(b) Define the software object-oriented modeling concept in detail?

13. (a) Explain about the pattern based software design concept in detail?
(or)
(b) Explain about the validation and system testing approaches in detail?

14. (a) Explain the software metrics for analysis in detail?

(or)
(b) Define the software re-structuring concept in detail?

15. (a) Explain about the evolution of project organizations concept in detail?
(or)
(b) Write about the life cycle expectations in detail?
 KRISHNA UNIVERSITY -MACHILIPATNAM
Ph.D. Program 2012 - 2013

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE

PART -I

PAPER - 3: CRYPTOGRAPHY & NETWORK SECURITY ./

UNIT I: INTRODUCTION
Computer Security Concepts, The OSI Architecture, Security Attacks, Security Services, Security
Mechanisms, A model of Network Security, Standards.

UNIT II: CRYPTOGRAPHY

Symmetric Encryption principles, Symmetric Encryption Algorithms - DES, AES, Stream Ciphers and
RC4, Cipher Block Modes of Operations, Digital Certificates

UNIT III: PUBLIC KEY CRYPTOGRAPHY

Hash functions, Public Key Cryptography principles,Public Key Encryption Structures, Applications for
Public-Key Cryptosystems, Requirement for Public-Key Cryptography.

Public-Key Cryptography Algorithms

The RSA Public-Key Cryptography Algorithm, Diffie-Hellman Key Exchange, Other Public-Key
Cryptography Algorithms

UNIT IV: NETWORK SECURITY APPLICATIONS

Key Distribution using Symmetric Encryption, Key Distribution using Asymmetric Encryption, X.509
Certificates, Public-Key Infrastructure.
Transport-Level Security
Web Security Considerations, Security Socket Layer and Transport Layer Security

UNIT V: SYSTEM SECURITY

Intruders, Intrusion detection, Password Management, Types of Malicious Software, Virus,
Worms, Need of Firewalls, Firewall Characteristics, Types of Firewalls, Firewall location and
Configurations

TEXTBOOK

1. Network Security Essentials: Applications and Standards, Williams Stallings, Pearson

Education 4th Edition
2. CryptographYt and Network Security: Principles and Practices, - William Stallings, Pearson
Education, 5 h Edition

REFERENCES

1. Cryptography and network Security, Fourth edition, Stallings, PHI/Pearson

2. Cryptography & Network Security by Behrouz A. Forouzan, TMH 2007.
3. Network Security: The complete reference, Robert Bragg, Mark Rhodes, TMH
4. Computer Security Basics by Rick Lehtinen, Deborah Russell &G.T.Gangemi Sr., SPD
O'REILLY 2006.
5. Modern Cryptography by Wenbo Mao, Pearson Education 2007.
 KRISHNA UNIVERSITY - MACHILIPATNAM
Ph.D. Program 2012-13

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE

PART -I

PAPER - 3: CRYPTOGRAPHY & NETWORK SECURITY

Model Question Paper -1

Time: 3 hours Total Marks: 100

PART - A

Answer the following questions. Each question carries 2 marks. 10 x 2=20

1. Define security attacks?

2. Define computer security?
3. What are symmetric encryption principles?
4. What is block cipher?
5. Define MAC.
6. Define Hash Function?
7. What is x.SOg?
8. What is PKI?
9. What is virus?
10. What is malicious software?

PART - 8
Answer all the following questions. Each question carries equal marks. 5 x 16 = 80

1. a) Explain the various types of security attacks.

OR
b) Explain model of network security with neat diagram.

2. a) Explain Symmetric Encryption principles.

OR
b) Describe the block modes of operations of DES with their advantages.

3. a) Describe the Public Key Cryptography principles.

OR
b) Describe the RSA Public-Key Encryption Algorithm.

4. a) What is the X.SOg certificate? What are the elements of are in certificates?
OR
b) Explain the working of SSL protocol.

5. a) What is Firewall? What are the characteristics of firewall?

OR
b) What is Malicious Software? What are the types of Malicious Software?
 KRISHNA UNIVERSITY - MACHILIPATNAM
Ph.D. Program 2012-13
Department of Computer Science
PART-I
Paper - 3 : CLOUD COMPUTING

UNIT-1 INTRODUCTION TO CLOUD COMPUTING

Cloud Computing Definition; Essential characteristics of Cloud Computing; Deployment
Models: Public cloud, Private cloud, Hybrid cloud, Community cloud; The Components
of Cloud Computing; Cloud Computing Benefits and Drawbacks.

UNIT-2 DEFINING CLOUDS FOR THE ENTERPRISE

Storage-as-a-Service; Database-as-a-Service; Information-as-a-service; Process-as-a-
Service; Application-as-a-Service; Platform-as-a-Service; Integration-as-a-Service;
Security-as-a -service; Management! Govemance-as-a -Service; Testing-as-a-Service;
Infrastructure-as-a-Service.

UNIT-3 TOOLS AND TECHNOLOGIES FOR BUILDING CLOUDS-l

Introduction to virtualization; Virtual Machines; Virtualization platforms; Virtual
Infrastructure Management; Cloud Infrastructure Manager.

UNIT-4 TOOLS AND TECHNOLOGIES FOR BUILDING CLOUDS-2

The Map Reduce System; Hadoop Map reduce overview; Web Services: Remote
Procedure Call (RPC), Service Oriented Architecture (SOA); Representative State
Transfer (REST); Mashup; Web services in practice.

UNIT-5 CLOUD PLATFORM ARCIDTECTURES

Discovering cloud services development services and tools: Amazon, Google App
Engine, IBM, Salesforce.com, Microsoft.

TEXTBOOKS:
1. Cloud Computing and SOA Convergence in Your Enterprise: A Step by-Step
Guide, David S. Linthicum, Addison-Wesley Professional.
2. Cloud Computing: Principles, Systems and Applications, Nick Antonopoulos, Lee
Gillam, Springer.
3. Cloud computing a practical approach, Antony T. Velte, Me Graw Hill.

REFERENCE;
1. Cloud Computing: Web based Applications that change the way you work and
collaborate Online, Michael Miller, Pearson
2. Cloud Application Architectures, George Reese, O'Reilly Media.

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 KRISHNA UNIVERSITY - MACHILIPATNAM
Ph.D. Program 2012-13
Department of Computer Science
PART - I
Paper - 3 : CLOUD COMPUTING
Model Question Paper
Time: 3hours Total Marks: 100
PART-A
Answer the following questions. Each question carry 2 marks 10 X 2 = 20

1. What is the working principle of Cloud computing?

2. Specify the difference between Private Cloud and Public cloud?
3. Define Cloud services with example?
4. What are the components ofPlatfonn as a service?
5. List the companies who offer cloud Infrastructure management tools.
6. What is Hypervisor?
7. Explain the need for web services?
8. Wha is HDFS?
9. Name the Service providers of Contact management and CRM
10. List the services offered by Amazon EC2?
PART-B
Answer the following questions. Each question carry 16 marks 5 X 16 = 80

11. Explain the Essential characteristics of cloud computing?

OR
What are advantages and disadvantages of Cloud computing?

12. Explain the following:

(i) Storage-as-a-Service (ii) Database-as-a-Service
OR
Write short notes on the following:
(ii) Security-as-a-Service (ii) Testing-as-a-Service

13. Distinguish between Full Virtualization and ParaVirtualization.

OR
Explain different layers of VM management tools and technologies.

14. Compare different types of web service toolkits?

OR
Illustrate Map and Reduce functions with an example?

15. Explain the features offered by Google App Engine?

OR
Explain in detail about the services offered by Salesforce.com ?

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 KRISHNA UNIVERSITY - MACHILIPATNAM
Ph.D. Program 2012-13
Department of Computer Science
PART - I
Paper - 3 : Image Processing
UNIT - I
Introduction: Definition of digital image processing, examples of fields that use digital image
processing, fundamental steps in digital image processing, components of image processing system.
Digital Image Fundamentals: A simple image formation model, light and electromagnetic spectrum,
image sampling and quantization, basic relationships between pixels.

UNIT - II
Image enhancement: Basic gray-level transformation, histogram processing, enhancement using
arithmetic and logic operators, basics of spatial filtering, smoothing and sharpening spatial filters,
combining the spatial enhancement methods.
Image restoration: A model of the image degradation/restoration process, noise models, Weiner
filtering, constrained least squares filtering, geometric transforms.

UNIT - III
Color Image Processing: Color fundamentals, color models, pseudo color image processing,
basics of full-color image processing, color transforms, smoothing and sharpening, color
segmentation, color edge detection, noise in coior images.

UNIT-IV
Image Segmentation: Detection of discontinuous, edge linking and boundary detection, thresholding,
region-based segmentation.

UNIT-V
Representation and description:
Various schemes for representation, boundary descriptors, and regional descriptors.

TEXTBOOK:
1. Digital Image Processing, Rafeal C.Gonzalez, Richard E.Woods, Second Edition, Pearson
Education/PHI.

REFERENCES:
1. Fundamentals of Digital Image Processing, A.K.JAIN, PHI
2. Introduction to Digital Image Processing with matlab, Alasdair, McAndrew, Cengage
3. Computer Vision and Image Processing, Adrian Low, Second Edition, B.S.Publications
4. Digital Image Processing using Matlab, Rafeal C.Gonzalez, Richard E.Woods, Steven L. Eddins,
Pearson Education.
5. Digital Image Processing, S Jayaraman, SEsakkirajan, T Veerakumar,TMH .

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 KRISHNA UNIVERSITY- MACHILIPATNAM

Ph.D. Program 2012-13

Department of Computer Science
PART- I: Paper - 3: Image Processing
Model Question Paper -1
Time: 3 hours Total Marks: 100
PART-A

Answer the following questions. Each question carries 2 marks. 10 x 2=20 marks

1. What is digital image processing?

2. Define luminance.
3. What is image enhancement?
4. Define Rayleigh noise.
5. What are color fundamentals?
6. Define Hue and Saturation.
7. Explain sobel operator.
8. Define point detection.
9. Define signatures.
10. Define shape numbers.

PART - B
Answer all the following questions. Each question carries equal marks. 5 x 16 = 80
11. (a) Draw and explain the block diagram for fundamental steps in digital image processing.
(OR)
(b)Explain image sampling and quantization in detail.

12. (a) Explain Piecewise-linear transformation functions.

(OR)
(b) Explain weiner filtering
13. (a) What is color model? Give its types and explain them.
(OR)
(b) Describe color transformations.
14. (a)Explain gradient operators in detail.
(OR)
(b)Explain edge linking by using Hough transform.
15. (a)Explain different schemes for representation with example.
(OR)
(b)Explain fourier descriptor in detail.