Knowledge of Tourism in France
Knowledge of Tourism in France
Knowledge of Tourism in France
By :
JURUSAN PARIWISATA
2019
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PREFACE
Thank God we pray to the presence of God Almighty, who has provided physical
and spiritual health and guidance and strength to the author so that the paper entitled
“KNOWLEDGE OF FRANCE TOURISM" can be completed, although there are
still many shortcomings and suggestions that the author is expected better in the
future.
This paper is compiled and made based on our observation and aims to increase
knowledge and insight into learning. And also can understand the basic values
reflected in thinking and acting. Hopefully by studying this paper, readers will be
able to understand about tourism in france, starting from their geography,
demography, society, culture, tourism object, and tourism facilities.
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Table of Contents
PREFACE .......................................................................................................................... ii
Background ........................................................................................................1
Problem Formulation ..........................................................................................2
Purpose ...............................................................................................................2
Chapter 2. Theory ..............................................................................................................3
Tourism ..............................................................................................................3
Definition of Tourism .................................................................................3
Kinds of Tourism........................................................................................4
Tourism Destination ...........................................................................................7
Definition of Tourism Destination ..............................................................7
Component of Tourism Destination ...........................................................7
Chapter 3. Discussion ........................................................................................................9
France .................................................................................................................9
France in General .......................................................................................9
Geography ..................................................................................................9
Currency ...................................................................................................12
Society ......................................................................................................12
Accessibility .............................................................................................15
Tourism Facilities .....................................................................................19
Tourism Attraction ...................................................................................25
French Cuisine..........................................................................................50
Souvenir and Handicraft ...........................................................................54
Itinerary ....................................................................................................60
Chapter 4. Conclusion and Suggestion .............................................................................66
Conclusion .......................................................................................................66
Suggestion ........................................................................................................67
Reference List ..................................................................................................................68
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Chapter 1.
Introduction
Background
Tourism is an important activity in international phenomena. The number of
tourists traveling across borders is increasing year by year, from as many as 25
million tourists in 1950 to 1.326 million in 2012. As time goes by, the need for
travelers to travel varies, such as 52% for entertainment, 27 % for health, family
visits, religious needs, 14% for business visits, and other interests as much as 7%
(UNWTO, 2013). More varied tourism destinations have increased the interest of
countries in the world to develop tourism activities. So from that competition to
attract foreign tourists is even greater. The state uses their respective domestic
advantages in developing tourism activities as one of the economic strategies.
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France's success in attracting tourists in fantastic numbers is an interesting
topic to study. This is because: First, the second, third and so on positions always
change fluctuatifely because of the tight competition of countries that develop
tourism. Proven from 1997 to 2012, China's position can shift the UK from the top
five, even in the last 3 years China ranked third in the world. Secondly, France is
surrounded by other developed countries such as Germany, Spain, Italy and the
United Kingdom that have conditions of infrastructure, economy, accommodation
and tourist attractions that are not much different, but in fact France is always
superior to neighboring countries even with differences significant number. Third,
international conditions are always colored by various global issues such as security
issues, the spread of diseases like H1N1, to economic crises that can affect the
motivation of travelers to travel. But in addition to these various obstacles France
managed to maintain performance and even increase the success of inbound
tourism.
Problem Formulation
1. What is the geographical condition of the French country?
2. What is the condition of the society of France?]
3. What is the culture of France?
4. What is the France tourism attraction?
Purpose
1. To find out the geographical conditions of the France
2. To find out the condition of the society of France
3. To find out the culture of France
4. To find out the France tourism attraction
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2 Chapter 2.
Theory
Tourism
Definition of Tourism
Here are some definition of tourism according to expert :
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and services provided by the community, businessmen, government,
and regional government.
Kinds of Tourism
According to Spillane (1982:29-31) there are 6 kinds of tourism based on
the motive of travel destination. They are pleasure tourism, recreational tourism,
cultural tourism, sports tourism, business tourism and convention tourism. The
definitions are as follows:
1. Pleasure tourism
Pleasure tourism is for people to holiday, get some fresh air, fulfill
the curiousity, relax the muscles, look at something new, enjoy the
beautiful scenery, get information about folk tale and quiteness.
2. Recreational tourism
Recreational tourism is using for relaxing minds, recovering the
physical and spiritual fitness, refreshing the fatigue and exhaustion.
This type of tourism can be done at the destination like the foreshore,
mountain, health center or resort. Tourism has recognized that many
visitors specifically attracted by recreational offerings. In support of
recreational activities government has taken an important role in a
creation, maintenance, and organization and whole industries have
developed merchandise or service.
3. Cultural tourism
This type is signed by a set of motivation, such as studying at
research center, learning the mores, foundation, and the different
way of life of the society, visiting the historical monument, the
artifacts of the past, culture and religion center music festival,
theater, folk dance, etc.
4. Sports tourism
This tourism is divided into two as follows :
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a. Big sports event is the biggest sport events like Olympiade
Games, World Ski Championship, Boxing Championship
and other events to attract the visitors or fans.
b. b. Sporting tourism of the Practitioners is sport tourism for
people who wants to learn and practice by themselves like
climbing the mountain, riding the horses, hunting, fishing,
etc.
5. Business tourism
According to the experts, this tourism is kind of professional travel
or travel because it is related to the job or position of someone who
cannot changed to choose the purpose or the time.
6. Convention tourism
This tourism is the most choosen by the countries because when a
convention or a meeting is held, so the visitiors will come more than
before to stay along in that country. The most visitable country will
build the supporting building for convention tourism.
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a. Pre-arranged tour is a tour which have been arranged before
the day
b. Package tour is a tourism product which sells by the travel
agent or by tour guide. This package tour also called ready
made package tour.
c. Special arranged tour is a tour with special arrangement to
fulfill the tourist demand. The travel agent usually called it
tailor made package tour.
d. Optional tour is an additional tour based on the tourist
demand.
3. The third aspect is based on purpose of tourism :
a. Holiday tour is a tour which held and followed by the
members to holiday, pleasure and entertains.
b. Familiarization tour is a tour to know more about the area of
job relation.
c. Educational tour is a tour to make a figure, comparison
study, or knowledge about the job area which have been
visited.
d. Scientific tour is a tour to get the knowledge or investigating
a science.
e. Pilgrimage tour is a tour to fulfill the religous worship.
f. Special mission tour is tour to fill the particular vacant.
g. Hunting tour is a tour to organize the animals hunts allowed.
4. The fourth aspect is based on tourism implementation :
a. Excursion is a short tour with less than 24 hours distance to
visit one or more tourism destination.
b. Safari tour is a special tour with special equipments to visit
the planned destination or out of the plan
c. Cruize tour is a tour by using a cruise line to visit the marine
tourism objects and land tourism object.
d. Youth tour is a special tour for teenagers based on thier ages.
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e. Marine tour is visiting a tourism object especially to watch
the beautiful ocean, wreck diving with the complete
equiments.
Tourism Destination
Definition of Tourism Destination
Tourist Area or Destination when viewed in terms of the word structure
consists of two words basic, namely Regions and also Tourism. According to
the Large Indonesian Dictionary (KBBI) fourth edition (2008), each definition
of the words above is as follows; Regions are certain areas that have certain
characteristics, such as residence, shops, industry, while for tourism, namely
traveling together (to expand knowledge, have fun). And if the two definitions
of the word are combined, the Tourism Destination can interpreted as a certain
area that has the characteristic as a destination traveling together, both to expand
knowledge or have fun and so on.
1) Attractions
Attraction is the center of the tourism industry. Attractions can arise
from natural conditions, man-made objects, or elements and cultural
events.
2) Amenities
This facility means providing services and providing the facilities
needed by tourists. Facilities and services that must be provided
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include service facilities for daily needs, to stay, where to eat and
drink, security and so on concerning the needs of tourists. One thing
that must be considered in relation to staying, should the lodging
concept be adapted to the local culture so that the Wiatawan can truly
enjoy life and local culture.
3) Accessibility.
Accessibility is the ease to reach to move from one place to another
place from one region. In tourism activities it is only possible to
develop with modern technology especially in the fields of
transportation and communication. This transportation is very
important to help tourists, deliver from their place of origin or place
of lodging to tourism objects. However, this transportation user
depends on the distance and communication needs between the place
where a visit starts to be visited. (Nyoman S.Pendit, 1986: 21).
4) Accommodation
Providing accommodation or a place to stay is one of the important
facilities for tourists. Accommodation is a second home for tourists
visiting tourist attractions for the purpose of staying.
Accommodation facilities become a very important requirement for
the existence of a tourist attraction.
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3 Chapter 3.
Discussion
France
France in General
France is a country of Western Europe, has medieval cities, alpine villages
and beaches. Paris, its capital, is famous for its fashion houses, its museums of
classical art, including the Louvre, and its monuments such as the Eiffel Tower.
The country is also famous for its wines and refined cuisine. The rock paintings of
the Lascaux caves, the Roman theatre of Lyon and the immense Château de
Versailles bear witness to its rich history
Geography
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continents. The French often refer to metropolitan France as the “Hexagon”
because of its shape. Three of the Hexagon’s six sides are bounded by
water—the English Channel and North Sea on the northwest, the Atlantic
Ocean and Bay of Biscay on the west, and the Mediterranean Sea on the
southeast. The remaining sides, mostly mountainous, abut Spain and
Andorra in the southwest, Belgium and Luxembourg in the northeast, and
Germany, Switzerland, and Italy in the east. The United Kingdom, to the
northwest, is now linked to France via the Channel Tunnel, which passes
underneath the English Channel.
2. Topography
France features mostly coastal lowlands, flat plains, and gently rolling hills
in the north and west. South-central France has hilly uplands. Mountainous
and hilly areas lie on nearly all of France’s borders, creating a series of
natural boundaries. Only the nation’s northeastern border is largely exposed.
The two principal mountain chains are the Pyrenees, which form the border
with Spain, and the Alps, which form most of the border with Switzerland
and Italy. The Pyrenees are a formidable barrier because of the absence of
low passes and the chain’s elevation—several summits exceed 3,000
meters. The French Alps, at the western end of the European Alpine chain,
are also high, with elevations of 3,500 meters, but are broken by several
important river valleys, including the Rhône, Isère, and Durance, providing
access to Switzerland and Italy. The Jura range on the Swiss border is a
lower and less rugged component of the Alpine chain. In the Alps near the
Italian and Swiss borders is Western Europe’s highest point—Mont Blanc,
at 4,810 meters. The country’s lowest point is the Rhône River delta, at two
meters below sea level.
3. Natural Resources
France’s most valuable natural asset is its rich agricultural land. High-
quality soils cover almost half the country’s surface, giving France an
agricultural surplus that makes it an exporter of food. The country’s varied
physiography, with beaches, rivers, forests, and mountains, is a draw for the
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tourism industry. France is not well endowed with indigenous energy
supplies or other mineral resources. Hydroelectric production, although well
developed, is inadequate to France’s needs.
4. Climate
France’s climate is generally temperate and well suited to agriculture, with
major variations: the oceanic and Mediterranean climates. The oceanic
climate prevails throughout much of the country, especially in the north and
west, where westerly winds from the Atlantic Ocean bring mild and moist
conditions. These winds produce cool summers, mild winters with little
snow and frost, and year-round rainfall, which usually falls as slow, steady
drizzle. Paris, for example, receives 650 millimeters of precipitation
annually, with rain occurring an average of 188 days each year. The average
daily temperature range in Paris is 1°C to 6°C in January and 13°C to 24°C
in July. The Mediterranean climate brings much warmer winters and hot,
dry summers along the southern coast.
5. Timezone
France lies in one time zone, which is one hour ahead of Greenwich Mean
Time (GMT+1). The country observes daylight saving time. As a
comparison, the time difference between France and Bali is 6 hours in
summer and 7 hours in winter. When it is midday in Paris in summer, it is
already 6pm in Bali. Bali is located in the time zone UTC/GMT+8 all year
round. However, despite no change in time zone, as France observes
summer time, the time difference between Bali and France changes all year
round, as can be seen in the detail of the time shift in 2019 below:
a. From Tuesday 1 January 2019 to Sunday 31 March 2019: +7h delay
winter time in France (UTC+)
b. From Sunday 31 March 2019 to Sunday 27 October 2019: +6h
summer time difference in France (UTC+2)
c. From Sunday 27 October 2019 to Tuesday 31 December 2019: +7h
delay winter time in France (UTC+1)
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Currency
The euro (€) is the currency of France, it is common to 19 Member States
of the European Union which thus form the euro zone. The euro is the second largest
currency in the world for the amount of transactions, behind the US dollar and ahead
of the Chinese Yun. In Bali 1 Euro is equal to 15 832,82 Indonesian rupiah.
Society
1. Population
France is made up of different nationalities such as: 89% French (native),
4.4% French (naturalized), 6.2% non-citizens, 8.9% foreign-born (North
Africans, Africans, Other Europeans, Asians, Turks, Americans) and
different religions such as 51% Christian, 40% irreligious, 6% Muslim, 1%
Jewish, 2% other faiths.
On 1 January 2019, the number of people living in France was estimated at
67.19 million, including 65 million in metropolitan France and 2.2 million
in the overseas departments and regions. Metropolitan France is expected to
see its population grow by another 9 million people over the next 40 years,
placing the country's population around 72 million by 2050. To reach this
projection, fertility rates will need to stay about the same, mortality will
need to decrease, and net migration will need to remain about 100,000
annually.With its population growing despite decreases in many of its
neighboring countries, France is finally back in the race to be the most
populous country in Europe. By 2050, it's expected that Germany will have
just 70-74 million (compared to 2012's 82 million), while Britain's
population will be about 73 million, compared to today's 63 million.
2. Ethnic Groups and Languages
The French are all persons who individually enjoy French nationality and
collectively France as a sovereign territory, a people or a free nation. Since
the beginning of the 20th century, most French people have spoken French
as their mother tongue, but some languages such as Alsatian, Breton,
Norman, Occitan, Auvergne, Corsican, Basque, French Flemish or Creole
are still spoken in some regions. French derived from the vernacular Latin
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spoken by the Romans in Gaul. Historically, French served as the
international language of diplomacy, and it remains a unifying force in parts
of the world, chiefly, Africa.
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term visas. The government believes there are between 200,000 and 400,000
“sans-papiers”—literally, “paperless ones.” Resisting calls to regularize
their situation, the government has recently toughened its stance on
immigration, for example, increasing the number of deportations, as well as
the number of people refused asylum. In 2006 the government expects to
make 26,000 repatriations.
3. Religion
Between 83 percent and 90 percent of the French population is Roman
Catholic and only 2 percent Protestant. The rate of religious practice among
the nominally Catholic population is very low. France also has a Jewish
minority of about 1 percent, a Muslim minority of 5–10 percent, and about
4 percent unaffiliated. France’s Muslim population is the largest in Europe.
France lacks official statistics on religion, a fact that reflects the country’s
commitment to the religious neutrality of the state, or laïcité, considered
necessary for religious freedom. Faced with antidemocratic pressures from
the Catholic Church in the early decades of the Third Republic, France
promulgated a law in 1905 calling for the strict separation of church and
state. The government has since reaffirmed this law, with, for example, a
controversial March 2004 bill that banned the display of all conspicuous
religious symbols in public schools. This ban targeted in particular the
wearing of headscarves by Muslim girls in public schools. The government
maintains that the wearing of religious symbols threatens the country’s
secular identity, while others contend that the ban on symbols curtails
religious freedom.
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fewer than 20 percent of France’s approximately 1,600 imams have French
citizenship, only a third speak French with ease, and half of those who
receive regular pay receive it from foreign sources, mainly Algerian,
Moroccan, Turkish, and Saudi. Many imams work in unknown “backyard
mosques,” a concern for both security agencies and Muslim leaders.
4. Occupation
More than 75% of the French now work in the tertiary sector, in fact out of
the 25.8 million "occupied" French people, more than three-quarters work
in the tertiary sector, while Industry now represents only 13.9% of jobs,
construction 6.6% and agriculture 2.8%.
The share of the tertiary sector in total employment in France has increased
by 22 points over the last four decades. On the other hand, the share of
industry fell by almost half over the same period (-13 points), particularly
as a result of the strong expansion of the tertiary sector; agriculture and
construction lost 7 and 3 points respectively.
In France, nearly a third of occupied French people work in the fields of
public administration, education, human health and social work.
Accessibility
1. How to get there from Bali
To get to France from Bali, there is at least one stopover in Shanghai,
Singapore, Bangkok, or Kuala Lumpur. On average, it takes between 17
and 25 flight hours. All flights to France depart from Ngurah Rai
International Airport and land at Paris Roissy Charles de Gaules
International Airport
Here are the companies that serve Bali from France: KLM, Emirates,
Quatar Airways, Air France, Singapore Airlines, China Eastern, Cathay
Pacific, Korean Air, China Southern, Thai Airways, EVA Air, ANA,
China Airlines.
2. Documents required to travel to France
A foreigner who wishes to come to France for a private or family visit
of less than 3 months must present proof of accommodation. This
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document, called a reception certificate, is drawn up by the person who
will receive it at home during the stay in France. The request is made at
the town hall. The certificate is issued if the host meets certain
conditions. In the event of refusal, appeals are possible.
A European foreigner can move and reside freely in France. This right
of free movement and residence for up to 3 months is granted to you
regardless of the reason for your stay: tourism, internship, short-term
employment, etc. As a citizen of a country of the European Economic
Area, the foreigner has the right to stay in France for more than 3
months. He is not required to have a residence permit but may apply for
it. He must meet certain conditions during the first 5 years of his stay.
After 5 years spent in France, legally and continuously, he has the right
of permanent residence (without conditions).
3. Airport
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France, as a well-known tourist country, has developed a wide range of
international airports.
It counts 34 of them, with the airports in Paris (Orly and Charles de
Gaulle as those with the biggest traffic). However, in case you’re
planning a ski holiday or visit to some smaller and less known places in
the country, you should consider using some of the smaller airports like
Nice or Toulouse.
a. Paris Charles de Gaulle - (CDG) - (~ 69 Mio. passengers)
Charles de Gaulle is the country’s biggest international airport
and the main hub of the Air France airline. The airport is situated
25 km northeast of the French capital. Getting to and from the
airport is fast and easy. For its good connection to both other
French regions but also international cities, this airport might be
a right choice for you.
b. Paris Orly Airport - (ORY) - (~ 32 Mio. passengers)
As an alternative to the CDG airport, you can use the Paris’
smaller airport situated 13 km south of the city centre. It is the
country’s busiest airport regarding the domestic traffic and
second busiest in international traffic. The airport is well-linked
to the city centre.
c. Bordeaux Mérignac Airport - (BOD) - (~ 6 Mio. passengers)
Situated in south-western France, the airport is only 12 km west
of Bordeaux. It mainly operates flights to metropolitan and resort
destinations in Europe and Northern Africa. It is the sixth
bussiest airport of France. You can reach city centre by shuttle
or by local transportation.
d. Beauvais Tillé Airport - (BVA) - (~ 4 Mio. passengers)
Also known as Paris Beauvais airport, it is located a bit further
than 85 km northwest of Paris. It is mainly used by charter and
low-cost airlines like Ryanair, Wizzair, etc.
e. Lyon Saint-Exupéry Airport - (LYS) - (~ 10 Mio. passengers)
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The LYS airport belongs to the third biggest city in France,
Lyon. It is an important transport facilitys for the Auvergne-
Rhône-Alpes region situated 20 km southeast of Lyon city
centre.
f. Marseille Provence Airport - (MRS) - (~ 9 Mio. passengers)
The Marseille Provence Airport is located 27 km northwest of
Marseille. It is country’s biggest French airport according to the
number of passengers and the third largest by cargo traffic. Since
September 2006, the airport also operates low-budget flights like
Easyjet, Ryanair and Volotea. Getting to and from the airport is
easy and cheap.
g. Nantes Airport - (NTE) - (~ 5 Mio. passengers)
The international airport serving Nantes is located 8 km
southwest of the city, in Bouguenais. It’s the largest airport in
the western France. It serves as a hub to Volotea and Transavia
France. Check how to reach the city center from the airport.
h. Nice Côte d’Azur Airport - (NCE) - (~ 13 Mio. passengers)
The NCE airport is only 6 km southwest of Nice and the third
bussiest airport in the country. It is a hub of Air France and
operating base for Easyjet. The airport is well-connected to the
city. It is the most convenient airport for people visiting Côte
d’Azur. Also, due to its vicinity of Monaco, it also serves as the
city-state’s airport linked to the city by helicopter service.
i. Mulhouse Airport - (BSL) - (~ 7 Mio. passengers)
The Basel-Mulhouse-Freiburg Airport is a French international
airport situated 3.5 km northwest of Basel, Switzerland, 20 km
away from Mulhouse, France and 45 km south of Freiburg,
Germany. For its location and proximity to international borders,
it serves as a base for many airlines including Easyjet, Belair,
Air Berlin and operates flights to many European metropolitan
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and leisure destinations. Check how to get to the city center from
the airport.
j. Toulouse Blagnac Airport - (TLS) - (~ 9 Mio. passengers)
The airport of the Occitanie region’s capital Toulouse is located
approximately 7 km northwest of the city centre and partially in
Blagnac. The transport from the airport to the city is fast and
affordable. This airport is the best option for tourists visiting
Andorra or Lourdes.
Tourism Facilities
1. Transportation
The Paris public transport system is run by RATP and consists of the
Métro (underground), Tram, RER suburban express train (which
interconnects with the Métro inside Paris), bus and Noctilien (night bus).
Paris and its suburbs divide into 6 zones.
Zones 1 and 2 cover the city center and ALL Métro lines. RATP tickets
and passes are valid on the Métro, tram, buses and RER. The Métro
alone is very efficient and will take you anywhere you need to go within
Paris city limits, and sometimes slightly beyond. Buses are less reliable
but still offer a good service. Smoking is not allowed.
a. On the Métro, one ticket is good for any destination, even if the
station is beyond Paris city limits. Transfers are permitted
(including with connecting RER lines).
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b. On the RER, one ticket is good only within Paris. Transfers are
permitted, including with connecting Metro lines. To go beyond
Paris city limits, you need to buy a special ticket for your chosen
destination.
For many French people, the car remains the most common means of
transport used to travel. French roads are considered the best and best
maintained in the world. Apart from the highly developed motorway
network, the secondary network composed of national and departmental
roads is also of very good quality, and has one definite advantage: it is
free.
France also benefits from an extensive rail network. It is an economical
way to travel. The train allows you to travel to all the cities of France.
The plane also allows travel between some major cities. France extends
over 1000 kilometers from North to South and from East to West, the
plane is undoubtedly the most efficient means for long distances. The
bus offers attractive prices to connect the major cities of France. It is an
economic transport. In cities, metros and trams allow you to travel
within a city.
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2. Hotel
a. Hôtel Sofitel Paris
Hôtel Sofitel Paris Arc de Triomphe is a 5-star hotel ideally located
near the Champs Elysées, between the Arc de Triomphe and Parc
Monceau in the capital of Paris.
It is a hotel with a Haussmann facade and contemporary design,
which appeals to customers for both business trips and family
weekends.
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vegetable garden, hives and henhouse. Recipes from France,
California and Mexico are combined with spicy accents in a kitchen
open from noon to 11pm.
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Picture 3.6 Shangri-La Hotel in Paris
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you’re hungry and not sure where to go if you’re looking for a multi-
course meal or just a casual bite to eat.
a. Café
The French café is so ingrained in the country’s reputation that
you can hardly imagine France without it. Cafés are often casual
neighborhood hangouts but can also have trendier atmospheres.
They mainly serve coffee, of course, as well as tea, hot chocolate
and light snacks such as toasted sandwiches. Cafes are usually
open from morning (roughly 7 am) until evening. Unlike some
other establishments in France, cafés do not close mid-day.
b. Bistro
bistros generally offer a casual atmosphere and reasonably-
priced, simple fare. They are very popular destinations and so
tend to get crowded, but beyond their cramped quarters bistros
offer a sampling of some of France’s favourite culinary staples.
Many bistros also sell tobacco, lottery tickets and scratch-off
games. They tend to be open only during meal hours, meaning
from around 11:30 am- 2:00 pm for lunch and 7:30 pm- 11:00
pm for dinner.
c. Brasserie
Closely identifiable with pub restaurants, brasseries serve
traditional French food, coffee and drinks at moderate prices.
They offer a wider food selection than bistros and tend to be
bustling and serving food all day long, from morning until late
at night. As brasserie means “brewery” in French, you can
expect a beer and wine selection that will satisfy true
aficionados.
d. Bouchon
While traveling in Lyon, you will undoubtedly encounter the
city’s typical bouchons serving the region’s traditional
specialties, which tend to be meat-heavy dishes such as sausage,
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duck pâté and pork. Bouchons are known more for their
convivial, lively atmospheres than refined haute cusine, but a
hearty meal is guaranteed, usually accompanied by a glass of
Beaujolais or Côtes-du-Rhône. Expect opening hours to coincide
with meal times (see above).
e. Restaurant
For a traditional multi-course meal in France, restaurants are
your best bet. Most will offer a wide selection of dishes on a
prix-fixe menu (with some combination of appetizer, entrée and
dessert) as well as an à la carte option. Wine choices and higher-
end service are also often emphasized in restaurants. And like
bistros, restaurants are usually open only during meal hours and
you may find that many are closed on Sundays or Mondays.
f. Auberge
For a rustic family-style meal, an auberge attached to a rural bed-
and-breakfast or hotel serves up cuisine that will hit the spot, and
an auberge terroir uses certified local ingredients. In both cases,
a table d’hôte with limited options is usually offered. Since they
are often attached to bed and breakfasts or hotels, auberges will
also offer accommodations to their visitors.
Tourism Attraction
As a tourist destination, of course France has a variety of attractions that can
be enjoyed by tourists, attractions that can be enjoyed can be classified into 3
categories, cultural, natural, and special interest. Here are some tourist attractions
in France by category.
1. Cultural Attraction
a. Eiffel Tower.
The Eiffel Tower is a wrought-iron lattice tower on the Champ de Mars in
Paris, France. It is named after the engineer Gustave Eiffel, whose company
designed and built the tower. Constructed from 1887 to 1889 as the entrance
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to the 1889 World's Fair, it was initially criticised by some of France's
leading artists and intellectuals for its design, but it has become a global
cultural icon of France and one of the most recognisable structures in the
world. The Eiffel Tower is the most-visited paid monument in the world;
6.91 million people ascended it in 2015. The tower is 324 metres (1,063 ft)
tall, about the same height as an 81-storey building, and the tallest structure
in Paris. The tower has three levels for visitors, with restaurants on the first
and second levels. The top level's upper platform is 276 m (906 ft) above
the ground – the highest observation deck accessible to the public in the
European Union. Tickets can be purchased to ascend by stairs or lift to the
first and second levels.
The climb from ground level to the first level is over 300 steps, as is the
climb from the first level to the second. Although there is a staircase to the
top level, it is usually accessible only by lift. The first floor: Located 57
metres above the ground, with an area of approximately 4,220 square
metres, it can accommodate the simultaneous presence of approximately
2,500 people. A circular gallery goes around the first floor and allows you
to enjoy a 360° view of Paris. This gallery is punctuated by several
orientation tables and telescopes allowing to observe the Parisian
monuments. Opposite the exterior are inscribed in gold letters the names of
seventy-two personalities from the scientific world of the 18th and 19th
centuries (Frenchmen who lived between 1789 and 1889). This first floor
houses the 58 Tour Eiffel restaurant, which extends over two levels. On one
side, it offers a very beautiful panoramic view of Paris, and on the other
side, a view of the inside of the tower. The second floor: Located 115 metres
above the ground, with an area of approximately 1,650 square metres, it can
accommodate the simultaneous presence of approximately 1,600 people. It
is from this floor that the view is best, the altitude being optimal compared
to the buildings below (on the third floor, they are less visible) and to the
general perspective (necessarily more limited to the first floor). Through the
floor, glass portholes were installed to provide a plunging view of the floor
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below. Protective metal screens are present to prevent any attempt to jump
into the void, whether it is a suicide or a sporting exploit. The third floor:
Located 276.13 metres above the ground, with a surface area of 350 square
metres, it can accommodate the simultaneous presence of approximately
400 people. Access is mandatory by elevator (the stairs are closed to the
public from the second floor) and opens onto an enclosed space punctuated
by orientation tables. By climbing a few steps, the visitor then arrives on an
outdoor platform, sometimes called "fourth floor", reaching a height of
nearly 279 m.
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Picture 3.7 Stairs at Eiffel Tower
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you purchase a guided tour from a 3rd party, and as we previously
mentioned, the ticket line is usually very short compared to the
elevator line.
4) Elevator Entrance (Top)
This is the most expensive option, For an adult, this ticket can cost
about Rp.410.000 and for children is about Rp.204.000. You get
access to both elevators. You won’t need to take any stairs, up or
down, with this option. Order this ticket in advance so that you can
skip the ticket queue. You will still need to wait in both elevator
lines. If priority e-tickets are sold out, consider going on a tour.
Some of the companies that offer tours of the Eiffel Tower will
include priority e-tickets for the elevator to the 1st and 2nd floors.
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Tower, it is full of restaurants (L'Atelier Renault, Ledoyen...), luxury brands
(Louis Vuitton, Mont-Blanc, Guerlain, Ferrari showroom...), flagships of
various boutiques (Abercrombie, Sephora...) and clubs. Avenue des
Champs-Elysées is also marked by the presence of major museums: the
Grand and Petit Palais, the Palais de la Découverte, the Louis Vuitton
cultural space.
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2019, a violent fire destroyed the spire and the entire roof covering the nave,
choir and transept. This is the most significant incident suffered by the
cathedral since its construction. In the aftermath of the fire, the President of
the Republic, Emmanuel Macron, announced his desire to see the
reconstruction completed within five years. Access itself is free of charge,
although it's a good idea to invest in a tour to get the most out of your visit.
And it operates from 8:00AM to 6:45PM on weekdays - open until 7:15PM
at weekends.
d. Arc de Triomphe
The Arc de Triomphe de l'Étoile (Triumphal Arch of the Star) is one of the
most famous monuments in Paris, France, standing at the western end of the
Champs-Élysées at the centre of Place Charles de Gaulle, formerly named
Place de l'Étoile — the étoile or "star" of the juncture formed by its twelve
radiating avenues. The location of the arc and the plaza is shared between
three arrondissements, 16th (south and west), 17th (north) and 8th (east).
The Arc de Triomphe honor those who fought and died for France in the
French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars, with the names of all French
victories and generals inscribed on its inner and outer surfaces. Beneath its
vault lies the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier from World War I.
As the central cohesive element of the Axe historique (historic axis, a
sequence of monuments and grand thoroughfares on a route running from
the courtyard of the Louvre to the Grande Arche de la Défense), the Arc de
Triomphe was designed by Jean Chalgrin in 1806, and its iconographic
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program pits heroically nude French youths against bearded Germanic
warriors in chain mail. It set the tone for public monuments with triumphant
patriotic messages. Inspired by the Arch of Titus in Rome, Italy, the Arc de
Triomphe has an overall height of 50 metres (164 ft), width of 45 m (148 ft)
and depth of 22 m (72 ft), while its large vault is 29.19 m (95.8 ft) high and
14.62 m (48.0 ft) wide. The smaller transverse vaults are 18.68 m (61.3 ft)
high and 8.44 m (27.7 ft) wide. Three weeks after the Paris victory parade
in 1919 (marking the end of hostilities in World War I), Charles Godefroy
flew his Nieuport biplane under the arch's primary vault, with the event
captured on newsreel.
Paris's Arc de Triomphe was the tallest triumphal arch until the completion
of the Monumento a la Revolución in Mexico City in 1938, which is 67
meters (220 ft) high. The Arch of Triumph in Pyongyang, completed in
1982, is modelled on the Arc de Triomphe and is slightly taller at 60 m (197
ft). La Grande Arche in La Defense near Paris is 110 meters high. Although
it is not named an Arc de Triomphe, it has been designed on the same model
and in the perspective of the Arc de Triomphe. It qualifies as the world's
tallest arch.
The Arc de Triomphe is accessible by the RER and Métro, with exit at the
Charles de Gaulle—Étoile station. Because of heavy traffic on the
roundabout of which the Arc is the centre, it is recommended that
pedestrians use one of two underpasses located at the Champs Élysées and
the Avenue de la Grande Armée. A lift will take visitors almost to the top –
to the attic, where there is a small museum which contains large models of
the Arc and tells its story from the time of its construction. Another 46 steps
remain to climb in order to reach the top, the terrasse, from where one can
enjoy a panoramic view of Paris. The location of the arc, as well as the Place
de l'Étoile, is shared between three arrondissements, 16th (south and west),
17th (north), and 8th (east). Tourist can visit Arc de Triomphe at 10AM–
11PM, and enjoy walking around the base and under the arches of the Arc
de Triomphe for free or pay a fee (Rp.152.000) to climb about 280 stairs to
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the top for lovely views over Paris. Even if you’re not up for the climb, do
make time to visit the base of the Arc de Triomphe.
e. Louvre Museum
The Louvre or the Louvre Museum (French: Musée du Louvre) is the
world's largest art museum and a historic monument in Paris, France. A
central landmark of the city, it is located on the Right Bank of the Seine in
the city's 1st arrondissement (district or ward). Approximately 38,000
objects from prehistory to the 21st century are exhibited over an area of
72,735 square metres (782,910 square feet). In 2018, the Louvre was the
world's most visited art museum, receiving 10.2 million visitors.
The museum is housed in the Louvre Palace, originally built as the Louvre
castle in the late 12th to 13th century under Philip II. Remnants of the
fortress are visible in the basement of the museum. Due to the urban
expansion of the city, the fortress eventually lost its defensive function and,
in 1546, was converted by Francis I into the main residence of the French
Kings. The building was extended many times to form the present Louvre
Palace. In 1682, Louis XIV chose the Palace of Versailles for his household,
leaving the Louvre primarily as a place to display the royal collection,
including, from 1692, a collection of ancient Greek and Roman sculpture.
In 1692, the building was occupied by the Académie des Inscriptions et
Belles-Lettres and the Académie Royale de Peinture et de Sculpture, which
in 1699 held the first of a series of salons. The Académie remained at the
Louvre for 100 years. During the French Revolution, the National Assembly
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decreed that the Louvre should be used as a museum to display the nation's
masterpieces.
The museum lies in the center of Paris on the Right Bank, in the 1st
arrondissement. It was home to the former Tuileries Palace, which closed
off the western end of the Louvre entrance courtyard, but was heavily
damaged by fire during the Paris Commune of 1871 and later demolished.
The adjacent Tuileries Gardens, created in 1564 by Catherine de' Medici,
was designed in 1664 by André Le Nôtre. The gardens house the Galerie
nationale du Jeu de Paume, a contemporary art exhibition space which was
used to store confiscated Jewish cultural property during the 1940 to 1944
German occupation of France. Parallel to the Jeu de Paume is the Orangerie,
home to the famous Water Lilies paintings by Claude Monet.
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Élysées. In 1871, the burning of the Tuileries Palace by the Paris Commune
revealed that the Louvre was slightly askew of the Axe despite past
appearances to the contrary. The Louvre can be reached by the Palais Royal
– Musée du Louvre Métro or the Louvre-Rivoli stations.
The Louvre has three entrances: the main entrance at the pyramid, an
entrance from the Carrousel du Louvre underground shopping mall, and an
entrance at the Porte des Lions (near the western end of the Denon wing).
Under the main entrance to the museum is the Carrousel du Louvre, a
shopping mall operated by Unibail-Rodamco. Among other stores, it has the
first Apple Store in France, and a McDonald's restaurant, the presence of
which has created controversy.The use of cameras and video recorders is
permitted inside, but flash photography is forbidden. Entrance to the Louvre
is €15 (Rp.241.000) or you can purchase tickets online for €17 (Rp.272.000)
which allows you quick entry, rather than waiting in the typically long
queue. Entrance is free for everyone aged under 18 all year, Operating times
are at 06.00 PM until 9.45 PM, and all day on Bastille Day (14 July),
entrance is free for everyone. Be warned though, the galleries get even
busier at these times.
f. Sainte-Chapelle.
The Sainte-Chapelle (Holy Chapel) is a royal chapel in the Gothic style,
within the medieval Palais de la Cité, the residence of the Kings of France
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until the 14th century, on the Île de la Cité in the River Seine in Paris,
France.
Construction began some time after 1238 and the chapel was consecrated
on 26 April 1248. The Sainte-Chapelle is considered among the highest
achievements of the Rayonnant period of Gothic architecture. It was
commissioned by King Louis IX of France to house his collection of Passion
relics, including Christ's Crown of Thorns – one of the most important relics
in medieval Christendom, later hosted in the nearby Notre-Dame Cathedral
until the 2019 fire, which it survived.
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of flying buttresses or major sculpture and giving little hint of the richness
within.
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Above the dado level, mounted on the clustered shafts that separate the great
windows, are 12 larger-than-life-sized sculpted stone figures representing
the 12 Apostles (six of these are replicas—the damaged originals are now
in the Musée du Moyen Age). Each carries a disk marked with the
consecration crosses that were traditionally marked on the pillars of a church
at its consecration. Niches on the north and south sides of the chapel are the
private oratories of the king and of his mother, Blanche of Castile.
The most famous features of the chapel, among the finest of their type in the
world, are the great stained glass windows, for whose benefit the stone wall
surface is reduced to little more than a delicate framework. Fifteen huge
mid-13th-century windows fill the nave and apse, while a large rose window
with Flamboyant tracery dominates the western wall.
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Picture 3.13 Sainte Chapelle Interior
g. Palace of Versailles
The Palace of Versailles was the principal royal residence of France from
1682, under Louis XIV, until the start of the French Revolution in 1789,
under Louis XVI. It is located in the department of Yvelines, in the region
of Île-de-France, about 20 kilometres (12 miles) southwest of the centre of
Paris.
The palace is now a Monument historique and UNESCO World Heritage
site, notable especially for the ceremonial Hall of Mirrors, the jewel-like
Royal Opera, and the royal apartments; for the more intimate royal
residences, the Grand Trianon and Petit Trianon located within the park; the
small rustic Hameau (Hamlet) created for Marie Antoinette; and the vast
Gardens of Versailles with fountains, canals, and geometric flower beds and
groves, laid out by André le Nôtre. The Palace was stripped of all its
furnishings after the French Revolution, but many pieces have been returned
and many of the palace rooms have been restored.
In 2017 the Palace of Versailles received 7,700,000 visitors, making it the
second-most visited monument in the Île-de-France region, just behind the
Louvre and ahead of the Eiffel Tower.
The Palace of Versailles offers a visual history of French architecture from
the 17th century to the end of the 18th century. It began with the original
château, with the brick and stone and sloping slate mansard roofs of the
Louis XIII style used by architect Philibert Le Roy. It then became grander
and more monumental, with the addition of the colonnades and flat roofs of
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the new royal apartments in the French classical or Louis XIV style, as
designed by Louis Le Vau and later Jules Hardouin-Mansart. It concluded
in the lighter and more graceful neoclassical Louis XVI style of the Petit
Trianon, completed by Ange-Jacques Gabriel in 1768.
The palace was largely completed by the death of Louis XIV in 1715. The
eastern facing palace has a U-shaped layout, with the corps de logis and
symmetrical advancing secondary wings terminating with the Dufour
Pavilion on the south and the Gabriel Pavilion to the north, creating an
expansive cour d'honneur known as the Royal Court (Cour Royale).
Flanking the Royal Court are two enormous asymmetrical wings that result
in a facade of 402 metres (1,319 ft) in length. Encompassing 67,000 square
meters (721,182 sq ft) the palace has 700 rooms, more than 2,000 windows,
1,250 fireplaces and 67 staircases.
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rusticated ground floor, supporting a main floor with round-headed
windows divided by reliefs and pilasters or columns. The attic storey has
square windows and pilasters and crowned by a balustrade bearing
sculptured trophies and flame pots dissimulating a flat roof. Operating times
starting from 12.00 PM – 6.30 PM. Between November to March, on the
first Sunday of every month, admission to the Estate of Versailles is free.
But for an adult, it cost about 20 euros (Rp.320.000).
However, you also qualify for free entry into Versailles if you are less than
18 years old or are a European Union resident under 26 years of age.
h. Luxembourg Garden
The Jardin du Luxembourg, also known in English as the Luxembourg
Gardens, is located in the 6th arrondissement of Paris, France. It was created
beginning in 1612 by Marie de' Medici, the widow of King Henry IV of
France, for a new residence she constructed, the Luxembourg Palace. The
garden today is owned by the French Senate, which meets in the Palace. It
covers 23 hectares and is known for its lawns, tree-lined promenades,
flowerbeds, model sailboats on its circular basin, and picturesque Medici
Fountain, built in 1620. The name Luxembourg comes from the Latin Mons
Lucotitius, the name of the hill where the garden is located.
The garden is largely devoted to a green parterre of gravel and lawn
populated with statues and centred on a large octagonal basin of water, with
a central jet of water; in it children sail model boats.[6] The garden is famed
for its calm atmosphere. Surrounding the bassin on the raised balustraded
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terraces are a series of statues of former French queens, saints and copies
after the Antique. In the southwest corner, there is an orchard of apple and
pear trees and the théâtre des marionnettes (puppet theatre). The gardens
include a large fenced-in playground for young children and their parents
and a vintage carousel. In addition, free musical performances are presented
in a gazebo on the grounds and there is a small cafe restaurant nearby, under
the trees, with both indoor and outdoor seating from which many people
enjoy the music over a glass of wine. The orangerie displays art,
photography and sculptures.
The École nationale supérieure des Mines de Paris and the Odéon theatre
stand next to the Luxembourg Garden. The central axis of the garden is
extended, beyond its wrought iron grill and gates opening to rue Auguste
Comte, by the central esplanade of the rue de l'Observatoire, officially the
Jardin Marco Polo, where sculptures of the four Times of Day alternate with
columns and culminate at the southern end with the 1874 "Fountain of the
Observatory", also known as the "Fontaine des Quatre-Parties-du-Monde"
or the "Carpeaux Fountain", for its sculptures by Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux. It
was installed as part of the development of the avenue de l'Observatoire by
Gabriel Davioud in 1867.
The bronze fountain represents the work of four sculptors: Louis Vuillemot
carved the garlands and festoons around the pedestal, Pierre Legrain carved
the armillary with interior globe and zodiac band; the animalier Emmanuel
Fremiet designed the eight horses, marine turtles and spouting fish. Most
importantly Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux sculpted the four nude women
supporting the globe, representing the Four Continents of classical
iconography. Open hours for the Luxembourg Garden depend on the month:
opening between 7:30 and 8:15 am; closing at dusk between 4:45 and 9:45
pm. There is no fee to enter the gardens, but there is a fee to enter the
children's area. This has the soft flooring and playground equipment for a
whole range of ages. There are also children's toilets within the playground
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area. The fees are around 2.50 euros (Rp.40.000) per child and about 1.50
(Rp.24.000) for adults.
i. Mont-Saint-Michel
Le Mont-Saint-Michel (Saint Michael's Mount) is an island and mainland
commune in Normandy, France. The island is located about one kilometer
(0.6 miles) off the country's northwestern coast, at the mouth of the
Couesnon River near Avranches and is 7 hectares (17 acres) in area. The
mainland part of the commune is 393 hectares (971 acres) in area so that the
total surface of the commune is 400 hectares (988 acres). As of 2015, the
island has a population of 50.
The island has held strategic fortifications since ancient times and since the
8th century AD has been the seat of the monastery from which it draws its
name. The structural composition of the town exemplifies the feudal society
that constructed it: on top, God, the abbey and monastery; below, the great
halls; then stores and housing; and at the bottom, outside the walls, houses
for fishermen and farmers.
The commune's position—on an island just a few hundred metres from
land—made it accessible at low tide to the many pilgrims to its abbey, but
defensible as an incoming tide stranded, drove off, or drowned would-be
assailants. The island remained unconquered during the Hundred Years'
War; a small garrison fended off a full attack by the English in 1433. Louis
XI recognised the reverse benefits of its natural defence and turned it into a
prison. The abbey was used regularly as a prison during the Ancient
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Régime. One of France's most recognisable landmarks, visited by more than
3 million people each year, Mont Saint-Michel and its bay are on the
UNESCO list of World Heritage Sites. Over 60 buildings within the
commune are protected in France as monuments historiques.
2. Natural Attraction
a. Côte de Granit Rose (Pink Granite Coast)
Named for the pink color of the rocky coastline, this marvelous seaside route
runs between Perros-Guirec and the port of Ploumanac'h. The Côte de
Granit Rose is famous for its incredible rock formations, the Rochers de
Ploumanac'h. These imposing weather-beaten rock structures are found
between the beaches of Trestraou and Saint-Guirec. Some of the formations
are as high as 20 meters, and many seem to take on the shape of recognizable
figures such as a witch, Napoleon's hat, and a rabbit. One of the highlights
of this coastal area is Perros-Guirec, a popular seaside resort in Brittany and
favorite destination among Breton families. Perros-Guirec has three sandy
beaches with kids' clubs, as well as opportunities for sporting activities
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during summer. Trébeurden is another seaside resort that attracts many
beach lovers in summer. The town of Ploumanac'h also has a natural harbor
that is a nice area to take a walk. Bird-watchers will appreciate the Pink
Granite Coast because of its diverse avian life. Brittany's largest bird
sanctuary lies nearby on the Sept-Îles (Seven Islands) archipelago. Regular
boat trips run from Perros-Guirec and from nearby Port-Blanc to Sept-Îles.
b. Grande Plage.
Biarritz’s central beach is an ideal place for family-friendly activities,
leisurely walks, surfing and sweeping views of the city’s major landmarks.
In a city famous for its wonderful beaches, Grand Beach (Grand Plage)
stands out as one of Biarritz’s most picturesque. The beach fronts Biarritz’s
city center and has the gentle waves of the Atlantic Ocean lapping at its
shores. Grand Plage is a popular spot for families, keen photographers and
watersports enthusiasts. The beach has a wide stretch of golden sand that is
ideal for sunbathing and people-watching. Relax in the shade beneath
colorful beach huts and umbrellas available for rent.
The waves at Grand Plage attract both experienced and beginner surfers.
Surf schools in the city center offer lessons and equipment rental. The beach
can get quite busy at high tide, so at this time escape the crowds with a stroll
along the promenades. Walk south along Quai de la Grand Plage, which
passes a tree-lined garden before arriving at the impressive art deco-style
Casino Municipal. From here you can continue around the headland to a
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bridge that crosses to Rocher du Basta (Basta Rock). Enjoy views of the
beach and Port des Pêcheurs, Biarritz’s historic fishing village.
Allée Winston Churchill stretches along the beach’s northern shore. This
street presents great views of the Phare de Biarritz (Biarritz Lighthouse),
which is also visible from all areas of the beach. Check out the opulent Hôtel
du Palais, built in mid-1800s as a summer residence for Emperor Napoleon
III and Empress Eugénie. Grand Plage is just a short walk from Biarritz’s
city center. Lifeguards patrol the beach from June through September and
place flags to mark the safe swimming areas. If arriving by car, park in one
of three underground car parks. Public buses stop on Avenue Édouard VII,
which is less than a 5-minute walk from the beach. There is also a free tourist
shuttle bus that stops at the beach and other major city attractions.
3. Special Interest
a. Wine Tourism
France is the ultimate destination for a wine tasting tour, with the most
famous appellations in the world drawing visitors from across the globe to
visit its mythical Châteaux and charming wine roads. A tour of the wine
country is a fabulous way to discover the authentic heart of France as you
will head off the beaten track to the smaller hamlets; taste fabulous regional
cuisine in quaint restaurants; meet quirky winemakers in their small estates;
enjoy gourmet experiences from truffle hunting to artisan cheese tastings;
and visit the loveliest villages in the country, known as Les Plus Beaux
Villages de France.
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The diverse climate of France along with its variety of terroirs are ideal for
harvesting a variety of grapes, rendering French wine among the world’s
most revered. Every year, France and Italy compete for the title of the
world’s leading wine producer. Seventeen out of twenty-two regions
produce more than 3,200 wines over an area of 835,805 hectares.
The region in France that famous for producing wine and destination for
wine tourism :
1) Champagne
The Champagne region, centered on the towns of Reims (Rheims)
and Epernay, is the most northern of France's major vineyards.
Unlike most of the best French wines, champagnes are blended in
order to produce either non vintage champagnes (blended from
different years) or vintage champagne, blended from wines of the
same harvest. Consequently, since the quality of the champagne
ultimately depends on a balance between the quality of the grapes
and the skill of the blenders, Champagnes are also ranked and
promoted by producer, not by any more finely delimited appellation
. Possibly the most highly rated of blends is Krug; other well
appreciated brands include Mumm, Bollinger and Heidsieck, not to
mention the very well known brands of Moët & Chandon and
Taittinger.
The distinct taste and purity of real champagne is certainly due to
the chalky soil and the continental growing conditions that abound
in the Champagne region. Several of the main French Champagne
producers have set up branches and vineyards in California, but in
spite of bringing over their best master-blenders, have never been
able to achieve quite the same result. Although many people imagine
that Champagnes are all white, this is not quite true. Rosé
champagnes also exist.
2) Burgundy
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The vineyards of the Burgundy region cover a narrow strip of land
on the eastern slopes of the hills running south-east from the
Burgundian Capital, Dijon. The heart of the Burgundy wine
growing region is the historic city of Beaune, where the autumn wine
sale in the historic "Hospices" building is one of the high points of
the wine year. Burgundy wines are classified on four levels, the
lowest being the generic "Bourgogne" appellation. Selected areas of
the Burgundy vineyard have their own classifications, such as Côtes
de Beaune. Within these, there are smaller areas, villages and groups
of villages, reputed to produce higher quality wine, such as Mersault,
Pernand Vergelesse or Aloxe Corton . Finally, at the top of the
pyramid, there are the "grands crus", such as Clos Vougeot, with its
mere 51 hectares of vineyard. Finding ones way around Burgundy
wines is sometimes a daunting task. The best Burgundy wines are
the reds, the best of which can keep for a good 20 to 30 years.
However, Burgundy also produces some top quality, though not too
distinctive, whites.
3) Bordeaux
Wine, and wine growing region. With Burgundy and Champagne,
the Bordeaux region of Aquitaine is one of the three most famous
French wine-producing regions. Historically, its fame is at least in
part due to the fact that of these three big grape-growing areas, the
Bordeaux vineyard is the only one with immediate access to the sea,
an advantage that has enabled it to be France's major wine exporting
region for many centuries.
In 1152, when queen Eleanor of Aquitaine married the English king
Henry II, the Aquitaine region became economically integrated Cru
bourgeoisinto the Anglo-Norman world, the Bordeaux region
becoming the main supplier of wine for England. This historic wine
exporting tradition helped Bordeaux to develop far stronger
commercial links in the ensuing centuries, firmly establishing
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Bordeaux wines, often referred to generically in English as "clarets",
on the international market.
The Bordeaux vineyard is centered round the port city of Bordeaux
along the estuary of the Gironde, and the rivers Garonne and
Dordogne. It is a large vineyard, and the geo-specific appellation
"Bordeaux" covers an area stretching some 100 km both north-south
and east-west.
While the appellation contrôlée covers wines of medium quality
from all over this region, many if not most of the top quality clarets
grown in the overall area benefit from more specific and distinctive
area appellations, such as Médoc , Graves or Saint Emilion, and even
more local appellations such as Pauillac, Graves and Saint-Estèphe.
Unlike other French wine-growing areas, the Bordeaux area operates
classifications of many of its top wines, notably those from the
Médoc and Saint Emilion vineyards. The best estates in these areas
have the right to sell wines designated as grand cru. Below the grand
crus come other high quality wines designated as cru bourgeois.
4) The Loire Valley
Although there are some excellent wines produced in the large Loire
Valley area, there are few Loire wines, whites, rosés or pale reds,
that rank among the greatest French wines. "Anjou Rosé" is a good
everyday rosé, and "Muscadet" and "Gros Plant" from near Nantes,
on the Loire estuary, are dry white wines that go excellently with
seafood.. Another good appellation is "Pouilly Fumé" (not to be
confused with "Pouilly Fuissé", a white Burgundy). Touraine, the
area round Tours, is know for its light red wines, notably from the
Gamay grape variety. The region also produces vin gris , "grey
wine", which is actually a very pale rosé, being a white wine made
from black grapes. While there are plenty of Loire wines that benefit
from appellations protégées, others are sold under the vin de pays
label. Finally, the Loire valley is France's second largest producer of
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sparkling wines, after Champagne. Two of the more prestigious
varieties are Vouvray and Saumur.
5) Alsace
Situated on the lower eastern slopes of the Vosges mountains, in the
Rhine valley between Strasbourg and Mulhouse, the Alsace
vineyard is rather different from any other French wine growing
area. Like the region of Alsace itself, the wine culture here is steeped
in a Germanic tradition, producing mostly dry or fruity white wines,
the most popular being Riesling, Sylvaner and the very fruity
Gewurztraminer.
The rules of Appellation contrôlée - and more recently of
Appellation Protégée (AOP) are not applied in the same way in
Alsace as in the rest of France. In Alsace, wines are produced under
a simple "Alsace" appellation, after which the next most important
element to be indicated, and the most visible word on the label, is
the grape variety or "cépage", Sylvaner, Riesling, Gewurztraminer,
Edelzwicker, Pinot or a few others. Smaller areas do not have their
own appellations, though with many Alsace wines, the name of the
village or vineyard from which it comes will also be indicated. See
also Vendanges tardives.
Lorraine, also in north east France, produces mostly Vin de pays
white wines, in the Meuse and the Moselle.
French Cuisine
French cuisine refers to various gastronomic styles derived from the French
tradition. Below are the best French specialities:
1. The Tartiflette.
Composed of potatoes, bacon, reblochon and onion and generally served
with a good green salad, tartiflette is a French culinary specialty originating
from Savoie. A simple but delicious meal that can be enjoyed at any time of
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the year, in winter - in the evening after a good day's skiing - as well as in
summer.
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4. Quiche Lorraine.
Quiche is - along with bergamots, madeleines and mirabelle plums - one of
Lorraine's most delicious culinary specialities. Covered with bacon and
migaine, this salty tart is ideal as a starter. This traditional French cuisine
dish is perfect with a good green salad or endives.
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Picture 3.24 Tartar Steak
7. Cassoulet.
Although this dish originates from the Languedoc region, we are happy to
associate this traditional French cuisine dish with the city of Toulouse.
Cassoulet is a delicious dish, it is composed of white beans, duck confit and
sausage. It is the ideal dish to eat in winter.
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9. Gratin Dauphinois.
To prepare this speciality of Dauphiné, you will only need potatoes, fresh
cream and possibly a little fresh chives. This dish fits perfectly into
traditional French cuisine and can be eaten as a main course or as a side
dish.
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moments. Here are some of Souvenir that tourist can buy during their vacation in
France :
1. Béret
This knitted woolen hat is often associated with Parisian artists. And even
if French people don’t wear it that often, it remains a strong symbol and a
great gift to bring home from the French capital city.
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3. Macaroons
These small pastries made of almond powder, egg whites and sugar, is called
Parisian Macaron when it is upgraded with a ganache in between its two
biscuits. It is the favorite French dessert of most foreigners.
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Picture 3.33 Champagne
6. Saucisson
This is one of the numerous French culinary specialties. Saucisson is
basically a sausage that can be cooked or dried. This delicacy, usually made
of pork meat, or sometimes boar meat, donkey meat, beef or even poultry.
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8. Foie Gras
This French delicacy is basically made of the liver of a goose or a duck; it
can be eaten fresh, semi-cooked, or cooked. It is almost a tradition for
French people to eat some at Christmas. So it will be the best gift you can
think of if you want your loved ones to taste the magic of French Christmas
celebrations.
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why. Their handbags and travel cases are well-known and worn in the entire
world. It has often been imitated but it remained unrivaled. It is definitely
one of the best Parisian gifts you could give to someone you know.
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Picture 3.40 France Ceramic Handicraft
Itinerary
To travel in France, of course tourists are offered with many choices, France
has many choices and different types of tourism for different types of tourists, so
the authors have been prepared readers one of the most popular itineraries and
activities among tourists to look up to, in this tour package we choose the tourists
who are the first time visiting France, we choose Paris as the destination, because
it’s the first and most important thing you need to know and explore about France
tourism before going to another destination in France. Below are the example of
itinerary or activities you can do for 4 days and 3 nights length of stay in Paris.
PARIS: DAY 1
08.00 – Breakfast
09.00
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11.30 – Lunch
12.30
19.00 – Dinner
20.00
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PARIS: DAY 2
07.00 – Breakfast
08.00
12.00 – Lunch
13.00
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Palais de Justice is the hidden
jewel of Paris.
18.30 – Dinner
19.30
PARIS: DAY 3
08.00 – Breakfast
09.00
12.30 – Lunch
13.30
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15.00 – Free time
19.00
19.00 – Dinner
20.00
PARIS: DAY 4
08.00 – Breakfast
09.00
11.30 – Lunch
12.30
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14.00 – Buy some souvenirs
15.30
19.30 – Dinner
20.30
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4 Chapter 4.
Conclusion and Suggestion
Conclusion
Overall, France is one of the earliest countries to develop tourism and is one
of popular destination in the world nowadays as France had variety of natural
resources and cultural attraction for different tourism activities, thus, France’s
domestic and international tourism are huge. Most tourists visiting France only
travel in Paris, so Paris is a tourist center for France. but after reading this paper,
readers can find out that France is more than Paris, the regional area in France has
its own uniqueness and beauty, starting from its beautiful nature like mountain,
beach and river, and also the culture. So if you talk about France as a tourism
country, there will be no end. Rural tourism in France is well developed as well as
France has plenty of rural areas for tourism and developed nearly 60 years, which
appeal to both of French people and foreign tourists. The popular examples for rural
tourism are camping and caravans. There are different modes of transport for
getting to and getting around with France and cars is the most popular one. Ease of
access and transportation also play an important role in the success of tourism
development in France, travel between cities and regions becomes very easy for
tourists, because transportation such as Metro and RER are very adequate and have
good service quality, high speed train became more and more popular in France
gradually as it is a lot comfortable and accessible. However, for long distance
destination are mainly by flight.
France is rich in history and culture. You can find people from all
backgrounds and heritages in the country. The food in France is another benefit of
being in the country. People in France are exquisite in every aspect of their life.
This includes in the dishes that they prepare. When you taste authentic French
cuisine you can experience something that will set your taste buds alight and help
you discover flavors that you never knew existed. Paris is well-known for their
upscale restaurants serving some of the finest food you will ever taste. French are
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famous for their art, so it is not surprising if the souvenirs that tourists buy are very
varied, ranging from food, clothing, crafts, accessories and art that are very
beautiful, made by art craftsmen in France, making tourists tempted to buy it.
Suggestion
We learn that with many advantages possessed by France as one of the best
tourism destinations in the world, such as nature, culture, art, and their history as a
nation. Suggestion that the author can give to the advancement of tourism in France,
is to maintain all factors that support tourism activities in France, starting from the
nature, culture, human resources and regulations. This aims to avoid damaging the
French Nature because of excessive tourism activities, which have a negative
impact on the environment, because we know that tourism is one of the important
factors in the French economy, which is able to provide many benefits for local
residents in France and also the country. Another suggestion the writer can give is
that, France government should commemorate all tourists to always maintain the
environment of tourist attractions in France, so that the beauty of tourism in France
can be enjoyed up to tens or even hundreds of years in the future.
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