The document discusses breeding proposals for different self-pollinated, cross-pollinated, and asexually propagated crops. It includes proposals to develop eggplant resistant to Phomopsis blight through backcrossing, squash resistant to powdery mildew through pedigree selection, avocado resistant to Phytophthora root rot through grafting, and sugarcane with improved sucrose production through particle bombardment and tissue culture. The goal is to produce new crop varieties that have desirable agronomic traits like disease resistance and yield.
The document discusses breeding proposals for different self-pollinated, cross-pollinated, and asexually propagated crops. It includes proposals to develop eggplant resistant to Phomopsis blight through backcrossing, squash resistant to powdery mildew through pedigree selection, avocado resistant to Phytophthora root rot through grafting, and sugarcane with improved sucrose production through particle bombardment and tissue culture. The goal is to produce new crop varieties that have desirable agronomic traits like disease resistance and yield.
The document discusses breeding proposals for different self-pollinated, cross-pollinated, and asexually propagated crops. It includes proposals to develop eggplant resistant to Phomopsis blight through backcrossing, squash resistant to powdery mildew through pedigree selection, avocado resistant to Phytophthora root rot through grafting, and sugarcane with improved sucrose production through particle bombardment and tissue culture. The goal is to produce new crop varieties that have desirable agronomic traits like disease resistance and yield.
The document discusses breeding proposals for different self-pollinated, cross-pollinated, and asexually propagated crops. It includes proposals to develop eggplant resistant to Phomopsis blight through backcrossing, squash resistant to powdery mildew through pedigree selection, avocado resistant to Phytophthora root rot through grafting, and sugarcane with improved sucrose production through particle bombardment and tissue culture. The goal is to produce new crop varieties that have desirable agronomic traits like disease resistance and yield.
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Development of Phomopsis Blight- resistant Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) via Backcross breeding Self-pollinated
Eggplant
• talong (Tagalog), aubergine (English)
• cultivated for fruits used in various culinary applications • produced mainly in Ilocos, Central Luzon, and Southern Tagalog • grown in about 20,907 ha all over the country Eggplant Nutritional value Nutritional value
• claimed to have significant health and nutritional
value, being a good source of vitamins, fiber, and minerals; and believed to be a cure for various ailments includingtoothache, asthma, bronchitis, diabetes, dull vision, high cholesterol, inflammation and swellings, and liver complaints (Maghirang, 2001; Paredes, 2005; Tan, 2007; Chen and Li, 2008) Economic importance
• Philippines ranked world's 7th top
producer of eggplant • In 2000-2007, farmers’ annual net income from eggplant production averaged at almost PhP20,000 per hectare (ha) Objective
• to improve the Black Ninja
Commercial variety via incorporating Phomopsis blight resistance from Abar variety Phomopsis blight
• fungal disease • caused by Phomopsis vexans • symptoms: brown or dark sunken lesions slightly above the soil surface, and can result in cankers. Seedlings eventually collapse and die. • older leaves are more susceptible. -circular, gray to brown, and light-centered lesions; pycnidia in older lesions • Fruit injury - pale, sunken, oval area(s) on the surface. -subsequently enlarge and become depressed Phomopsis blight Parentals • Abar -farmer's variety from Nueva Ecija -highly resistant variety (resistant to leafhopper, shoot borer, Phomopsis blight, bacterial wilt) -susceptible to fruit borer -Donor Parent • Black Ninja -commercial variety -resistant to shoot borer and bacterial wilt, has intermediate resistance to leafhopper and fruit borer -susceptible to Phomopsis blight -Recurrent Parent Method
Backcross Year Activity Output 1 The donor parent is crossed with the recurrent parent F1 progenies Backcross all F1 progenies with the recurrent parent BC1 2 Identify the heterozygotes in the resistance locus in B BC2 C1 through marker assisted selection (MAS). Rogue out susceptible genotypes and backcross with the recurrent parent 3 Repeat the steps until BC4 BC3 & BC4 Self all resistant plants BC4 F2 4 Progeny/yield trials will be done to determine the hom F2 with Resistant ozygote genotypes for resistance allele allele and is high yielding Backcrossing Abar Black Ninja Disease Resistant High Yielding DONOR PARENT x RECURRENT PARENT Resistance Locus: RR Disease Susceptible Donor genes: 100% DONOR Recurrent genes: 0% Resistance Locus: rr Donor genes: 0% Recurrent genes: 100% F1 100% Disease Resistant Resistance Locus: Rr Donor genes: 50% Recurrent genes: 50%
• locally known as “Kalabasa” • separate male and female flowers • used in various culinary applications (pies, beverages, and a number of other dishes) Squash Squash
Nutrient Content and Economic Importance
• commercially cultivated in Ilocos Region, Cagayan
Valley, Southern Tagalog and Bicol Region • In 2009, Philippines ranked 16th in the world product ion of squash together with pumpkins and gourds wi th a production value of $43,441 at a volume of 247, 759 metric tons (BAS, 2009) • rich source of Vitamins A and C, phosphorus, calcium and iron Objective
To come up with a variety having the
shipping quality of Rosalinda incorporated with the resistance to powdery mildew of Suprema Powdery Mildew
• caused by Podosphaera fuliginea
• thrives areas with high humidity and rainfall • manifested on the plant by white powdery fungal growth on the surface of the leaf • tissues stunted, distorted, discolored • fruit is smaller and flavor is affected Parentals
• Rosalinda -matures in 95-100 days -flat, 3-4kg fruit -Solid green at young stage; yellow brown at color break. Flesh is yellow -Excellent fruit and plant characteristics. Good shipper
• Suprema -matures in 85 days -Flat round, regularly ridged, 3-4 kg fruit -orange -Resistant to powdery mildew, high yielding, has excellent eating quality, has good adaptation to wide range of different agro-climatic condition Pedigree selection
YEAR ACTIVITY OUTPUT
1-3 Plant population from the cross of the two parentals; bulk & space for F1 & F2 higher yield and easy visual selection 4 Select and plant in spaced rows F3 5 Identify superior rows; select 3-5 plants to establish family progeny rows F4
6-7 Establish family progeny rows; select individuals to advance each F5 – F6
9-11 Conduct advance trials with more replications and over locations and F8-F10 years
Cultivar release and commercialization
Methods Expected Output
Inbred squash variety resistant to cucurbit powdery
mildew with good shipping quality Conventional
Development of Phytophthora Root
Rot-Resistant Avocado (Persea americana) Avocado
-under family Lauraceae
-known for an array of culinary applications such as smoothies, guacamole, etc. Nutritional value
• (100 g) B vitamins, vitamin K, vitamin C, vitamin E, po
tassium. • phytosterols and carotenoids like lutein and zeaxanth in. • several fats (mostly oleic acid) • Sugars - 0.66 g • Dietary fiber - 6.7 g Objective
to produce an avocado tree resistant to PRR
and has good fruit quality and yield. Phytophthora root rot
• caused by Phytophthora cinnamomi
• wilting, yellowing and retention of dried foliage and darkening of root color • death Methods
Cleft grafting Root stock & scion
• Root stock -‘Steddom’ (PP24) -known resistance to PPR • Scion -NSIC 95-Av-02 (Parker) -Prolific yielder, (500-700 fruits/season) bear fruit both during the late season & off season; fruit of excellent eating quality, possessing flesh texture (smooth & firm) w/ scanty fiber with flavor buttery & nutty; high edible portion of 87.0%. a fruit weighs 561.4 g Expected Output
A fruit tree with a 'Steddom’ (PP24)bottom
and NSIC 95-Av-02 (Parker) top. Non-conventional
Improvement of sucrose production
in sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) via introduction of additional sucrose phosphate synthase through particle bombardment Sugarcane Methods
• preparation of gene construct having sense and anti-
sense gene for sucrose phosphate synthase • particle bombardment • tissue culture Expected Output
• improved sucrose production in sugarcane
References • Aquino, Aberto & Gerpacio, Roberta. 2014. Socioeconomic Impacts of Bt Eggplant Ex-ante Case Studies in the Philippines • French, Ronald. 2009. Phomopsis Fruit Rot and Blight on Eggplant.Texas AgriLife Extension Service; The Texas A&M System • Linde C, Drenth A, Kemp GH, Wingfield MJ, von Broembsen SL (August 1997). "Population Structure of Phytophthora cinnamomi in South Africa". Phytopathology. 87 (8): 822–7. • Tepper, Lorna. (2013). Squash Production Guide. DA: Bureau of Plant Industry • M. T. Caasi-Lit, M.A.A. Capricho; E. Rajotte. (2004). Combined Resistanc e of Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) to Leafhopper (Amrasca b iguttula Ishida) and the Eggplant Borer (Leucinodes orbonalis Gu enee) • Menge, J.A., G.W. Douhan, B. McKee, E. Pond, G.S. Bender, B. Faber. 2 012. Three New Avocado Rootstock Cultivars Tolerant to Phytoph thora Root Rot: ‘Zentmyer’, ‘Uzi’, and ‘Steddom’.HortScience 47 (8):1191-1194. • Morton JF (1987). "Avocado; In: Fruits of Warm Climates". Creative Reso urce Systems, Inc., Winterville, NC and Center for Ne w Crops & Plant Products, Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, I N. pp. 91–102. • Vickers, J. E., C. P L. Grof, G. D. Bonnett, P. A. Jackson, and T. E. Morga n. 2005b. Effects of tissue culture, biolistic transformation, and introduction of PPO and SPS gene constructs a performance of sugarcane clones in the field. Aust. J. Agric. Res. 56:57–68. Thank you.
