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is most contagious a day or two before the rash appears and until
Viral Diseases the rash is completely dry and scabbed over” (WebMd, 2009). . What are the treatments for chickenpox? What are viruses? Aciclovir is prescription antiviral drug that is effective way of shortening the duration of chickenpox symptoms. This Viruses are tiny, ranging in size from about 20 to 400 drug may be recommended for certain people with nanometers in diameter. Billions can fit on the head of a chickenpox, such as pregnant women, those with a pin. weakened immune system, and adults who seek medical Have various shapes: rod, round, 20-sided, some even have advice within 24 hours of the rash appearing. multi-sided “heads” and cylindrical “tails” Most cases of chickenpox require little or no treatment Responsible for a lot of diseases like the common cold, beyond treating the symptoms measles, chicken pox, genital herpes, and influenza. Are packets of DNA/RNA surrounded by a protein shell and INFLUENZA sometimes lipids. “Flu is a common infectious viral illness spread by coughs Are dormant outside a living cell because they lack the raw and sneezes. It can be very unpleasant, but you'll usually begin to materials for reproduction. feel better within about a week” (NHS, 2015). Go into action only when it enters a host cell. They hijack the cell’s metabolic machinery to produce copies of itself that Some of the main symptoms of flu: (a high temperature (fever) of may burst out of infected cells or simply bud off a cell 38C (100.4F) or above, tiredness and weakness, a headache, membrane. general aches and pains, a dry, chesty cough and sore throat).
TWO KINDS OF IMMUNE RESPONSE What are the treatments for influenza? There’s usually no need to see the doctor if you have flu- 1.) Innate immune response is a response against the virus, which like symptoms. The best remedy is to rest at home, keep warm and involves the synthesis of proteins called interferon and the drink plenty of water to avoid dehydration. stimulation of "natural killer" lymphocytes. This consists of proteins You can take paracetamol or ibuprofen to lower a high and cells that are always present and ready to mobilize and fight temperature and relieve aches if necessary. It is advisable to stay microbes at the site of infection (Fisher, 2016). away from others to avoid infecting them. The best way to prevent 2.) Adaptive immune response, protects against pathogens that are catching the flu is by getting vaccinated every year. able to evade or overcome innate immune defenses (Fisher, 2016). Other types of flu CATEGORY Bird (avian) flu – a type of flu spread among birds that Category 1(Acute) includes all cases for which the person affects humans in rare cases. gets sick and then either dies or recovers completely, with the Swine flu – the type of flu that was responsible for the flu elimination of all virus from the body. pandemic in 2009-10. For categories 2-4, the initial infection may be acute or Gastric flu (gastroenteritis) – an infection of the inapparent, but the body's immune response does not clear the virus digestive system, which can be caused by bacteria or completely, and things proceed to one of these situations, where there viruses such as the norovirus. may be very little (latent), some (chronic/persistent), or abundant (progressive) virus replication going on during the rest of the “You can catch flu – short for influenza – all year round, but it's person's life. There is some overlap and ambiguity in these terms, but especially common in winter, which is why it's also known as they are useful categorizations nonetheless. "seasonal flu".
KINDS OF VIRUS REFERENCES
CHICKENPOX (2016). How Pathogens Make Us Sick. The National Academy of Sciences. Chickenpox (varicella), is a type of viral illness which is Retrieved from http://needtoknow.nas.edu/id/in fection/ microbe- characterized by a very itchy red rash, and is one of the common types/viruses//. infectious diseases during childhood. It is usually mild in children but Crosta, Peter M. (2015). What is a Virus? What is a Viral Infection?. MediLexicon International Ltd, Bexhill-on-Sea, UK. Retrieved from http://www. there is a risk of serious complications, such as bacterial pneumonia medicalnewstoday.com/articles/158179.php. (WebMd, 2009). Fisher, Patrick. (2016). The innate and adaptive immune systems. Retrieved from http://missinglink.ucsf.edu/lm/immunology_module/prologue/o What causes chickenpox? bjectives/obj02.html. “Chickenpox is caused by the herpes varicella-zoster NHS. (2016).Flu. Retrieved from http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Flu /Pages /Introduction.aspx. virus. It is spread by droplets from a sneeze or cough, or by contact Vidyasagar, Aparna. (2016). What Are Viruses?. LiveScience. Retrived from with the clothing, bed linens or oozing blisters of an infected person. http://www.livescience.com/53272-what-is-a-virus.html. The onset of symptoms is 10 to 21 days after exposure. The disease WebMd. (2009). Chickenpox: Picture, symptoms, treatment and prevention. WebMD UK Limited and Boots UK Limited. Retrieved from http://www.webmd.boots.com/children/guide/chickenpoxsymptoms.
This is to Certify That SYEDNAMEERA.N Reg.no __________________ of Class XII of P.a INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL Has Successfully Completed Her Project Report in BIOLOGY on the Topic “SMALL POX” for the p
This is to certify that SYEDNAMEERA.N Reg.no __________________ of class XII of P.A INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL has successfully completed her project report in BIOLOGY on the topic “SMALL POX” for the p (1)
