Labor Law I Course Syllabus (Gefer R. Mancol) Fundamental Principles and Concepts 1. Labor Law in General
Labor Law I Course Syllabus (Gefer R. Mancol) Fundamental Principles and Concepts 1. Labor Law in General
Labor Law I Course Syllabus (Gefer R. Mancol) Fundamental Principles and Concepts 1. Labor Law in General
COURSE SYLLABUS
(Gefer R. Mancol)
PART I
FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES AND CONCEPTS
2. LEGAL BASIS
1.2. CONSTITUTION – Art. II, Secs. 2, 5, 9, 10, 11, 13, 14, 18 & 20; Art. III, Secs. 1, 4, 7, 8, 10, 16 &
18(2); Art. IX B, Sec. 2; Art. XII, Sec. 12; Art. XIII, Secs. 1, 2, 3, 13 & 14.
1.2.1. Social Justice Policy/Definition and Significance (Constitution, Art. XIII, Sec. 3; Labor Code,
Art. 4)
▪ Calalang v. Williams, G.R. No. 47800, Dec. 2, 1940
▪ Del Rosario v. De los Santos, G.R. Nos. L-20589-90, March 21, 1968
▪ De Vera v. NLRC, G.R. No. 93212, Nov. 22, 1990
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▪ Perez v. Philippine Telegraph and Telephone Company, G.R. No. 152048, April 7, 2009
1.2.7. No discrimination policy (Labor Code, Arts. 3, 133 [135], 138 [140] and 259 [248]; RA
10911 [Anti-Age Discrimination in Employment Act], RA 7277 [Magna Carta for Disabled
Persons], RA 9710 [Magna Carta on Women] and RA 11166 [Philippine HIV and AIDS Policy
Act])
▪ National Federation of Labor Unions (NAFLU) v. NLRC, G.R. No. 90739, October 3, 1991
▪ Philippine Telegraph and Telephone Company v. NLRC, G.R. No. 118978, May 23, 1997
▪ International School Alliance of Educators (ISAE) v. Quisumbing, G.R. No. 128845, June
1, 2000
▪ Capin-Cadiz v. Brent Hospital and Colleges, Inc., G.R. No. 187417, Feb. 24, 2016
1.2.8. Construction in favor of labor (Labor Code, Art. 4; Civil Code, Art. 1702)
▪ International Travel Service v. Minister of Labor, G.R. No. 49526, Aug. 13, 1990
▪ Villanueva v. NLRC, G.R. No. 127448, Sept. 10, 1998
▪ Centro Project Manpower Services Corporation v. Naluis, G.R. No. 160123, June 17,
2015
▪ Leoncio v. MST Marine Services (Phils.), Inc., G.R. No. 230357, Dec. 6, 2017
▪ Innodata Knowledge Services, Inc. v. Inting, G.R. No. 211892, Dec. 6, 2017
1.3.3. Construction in favor of safety and decent living of laborer (Art. 1702, in relation to Labor
Code, Art. 4)
▪ International Travel Service v. Minister of Labor, G.R. No. 49526, Aug. 13, 1990
▪ Villanueva v. NLRC, G.R. No. 127448, Sept. 10, 1998
▪ Centro Project Manpower Services Corporation v. Naluis, G.R. No. 160123, June 17,
2015
▪ Leoncio v. MST Marine Services (Phils.), Inc., G.R. No. 230357, Dec. 6, 2017
▪ Innodata Knowledge Services, Inc. v. Inting, G.R. No. 211892, Dec. 6, 2017
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1.3.4. Involuntary servitude (Art. 1703, in relation to Art. 23[14], Bill of Rights, Sec. 18[2], RPC,
Arts. 272-274, 286, and RA 9208 [Anti-Trafficking in Persons Act of 2003], as amended)
▪ Pampanga Bus Company, Inc. v. Pambusco Employees' Union, Inc., G.R. No. 46739,
Sept. 23, 1939
▪ People v. Nangcas, G.R. No. 218806, June 13, 2018
2.1. LABOR CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES (P.D NO. 442), AS AMENDED, AND ITS IMPLEMENTING
RULES AND REGULATIONS (IRR)
2.1.3. Declaration of Basic Policy (Labor Code, Art. 3; Constitution, Art. XIII, Sec. 3)
▪ Calalang v. Williams, G.R. No. 47800, Dec. 2, 1940
▪ Del Rosario v. De los Santos, G.R. Nos. L-20589-90, March 21, 1968
▪ De Vera v. NLRC, G.R. No. 93212, Nov. 22, 1990
2.1.4. Construction in Favor of Labor (Labor Code, Art. 4, Civil Code, Art. 1702)
▪ International Travel Service v. Minister of Labor, G.R. No. 49526, Aug. 13, 1990
▪ Villanueva v. NLRC, G.R. No. 127448, Sept. 10, 1998
▪ Centro Project Manpower Services Corporation v. Naluis, G.R. No. 160123, June 17,
2015
▪ Leoncio v. MST Marine Services (Phils.), Inc., G.R. No. 230357, Dec. 6, 2017
▪ Innodata Knowledge Services, Inc. v. Inting, G.R. No. 211892, Dec. 6, 2017
2.1.6. Applicability (Labor Code, Art. 6; Constitution, Art. IX-B, Sec. 2[1])
▪ National Service Corporation (NASECO) v. NLRC, G.R. No. 69870, Nov. 29, 1988
▪ Lumanta v. NLRC, G.R. No. 82819, Feb. 8, 1989
▪ International Catholic Immigration Commission v. Calleja, G.R. No. 85750, Sept. 28,
1990, 190 SCRA 130 (1990)
▪ Millares v. NLRC, G.R. No. 110524, July 29, 2002, 385 SCRA 306 (2002)
▪ Light Rail Transit Authority v. Venus, Jr., G.R. No. 163782, March 24, 2006
2.1.7. Enforcement and Sanctions (Labor Code, Arts. 128, 129, 224 [217] & 303 [288]–307 [292];
Constitution, Art. III, Secs. 11 & 16)
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▪ Goya, Inc. v. Goya, Inc. Employees Union-FFW, G.R. No. 170054, Jan. 21, 2013
▪ Hongkong Bank Independent Labor Union (HBILU) v. Hongkong and Shanghai Banking
Corporation Limited, G.R. No. 218390, Feb. 28, 2018
3. EMPLOYMENT RELATIONSHIP
3.1. DEFINITION OF EMPLOYER & EMPLOYEE (Labor Code, Arts. 97[a][b][c], 173 [167] [f][g][h] &
219 [212] [e][f])
3.2. TESTS
3.2.2. Contractor, contracting or subcontracting; its requirements, duties and responsibilities (DO
174, Secs. 3[c][d], 4, 8, 14-22, 27-29 & 32)
▪ Baguio v. NLRC, G.R. Nos. 79004-08, October 4, 1991
▪ Neri v. NLRC, G.R. Nos. 97008-09, July 23, 1993
▪ Coca-Cola Bottlers Phils., Inc. v. NLRC, G.R. No.120466, May 17, 1999, 307 SCRA 131
(1999)
▪ Mago v. Sun Power Manufacturing Limited, G.R. No. 210961, Jan. 24, 2018
▪ San Miguel Foods, Inc. v. Rivera, G.R. No. 220103, Jan. 31, 2018
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3.2.3. Absence of control indicative of independent contractorship; control test merely calls for the
existence of the right to control, and not necessarily the exercise thereof
▪ AFP Mutual Benefit Association, Inc. v. NLRC, G.R. No. 102199, Jan. 28, 1997
▪ Gapayao v. Fulo, G.R. No. 193493, June 13, 2013
▪ Felicilda v. Uy, G.R. No. 221241, Sept. 14, 2016
3.2.4. Rights of contractor’s/subcontractor’s employees and required contracts (DO 174, Secs. 10
& 11); Effect of violations thereof – principal as direct employer pursuant to Art. 109 of the Labor
Code (DO 174, Sec. 12)
▪ Meralco Industrial Engineering Services Corporation v. NLRC, G.R. No. 145402, March
14, 2008
▪ GSIS v. NLRC, G.R. No. 180045, Nov. 17, 2010
▪ Vigilla v. Philippine College of Criminology Inc., G.R. No. 200094, June 10, 2013
▪ De Castro v. CA, G.R. No. 204261, Oct. 5, 2016
3.2.5. Indirect employer’s solidary liability in Art. 106[par. 2] of the Labor Code only refers to non-
payment of wages by contractor/subcontractor (Labor Code, Arts. 106[par. 2], 107 & 109; But see
DO 174, Sec. 9 on expanded solidary liability of indirect employer)
▪ Philippine Airlines, Inc. v. NLRC, G.R. No. 120506, Oct. 28, 1996, 263 SCRA 638
▪ Rosewood Processing, Inc. v. NLRC, G.R. Nos. 116476-84 , May 21, 1998
▪ Meralco Industrial Engineering Services Corporation v. NLRC, G.R. No. 145402, March
14, 2008
▪ GSIS v. NLRC, G.R. No. 180045, Nov. 17, 2010
3.2.6. Effect of termination of employment (DO 174, Sec. 13; Labor Code, Arts. 297-299) in
relation to fixed-period employments and nature of separation pay
▪ Convoy Marketing Corporation v. Albia, G.R. No. 194969, Oct. 7, 2015
▪ GSIS v. NLRC, G.R. No. 180045, Nov. 17, 2010
3.2.7. Grounds for cancellation of registration; Effects of cancellation of registration; Due process
requirements (DO 174, Secs. 23-26)
3.2.8. Labor-only contracting; Other illicit forms of employment arrangements; Principal as direct
employer (Labor Code, Art. 106[last sentence of last par.]; DO 174, Secs. 3[h], 5, 6 & 7)
▪ Baguio v. NLRC, G.R. Nos. 79004-08, October 4, 1991
▪ Neri v. NLRC, G.R. Nos. 97008-09, July 23, 1993
▪ Petron Corporation v. Caberte, G.R. No. 182255, June 15, 2015
▪ Allied Banking Corporation v. Calumpang, G.R. No. 219435, Jan. 17, 2018
▪ Mago v. Sun Power Manufacturing Limited, G.R. No. 210961, Jan. 24, 2018
▪ San Miguel Foods, Inc. v. Rivera, G.R. No. 220103, Jan. 31, 2018
▪ Consolidated Building Maintenance, Inc. v. Asprec, Jr., G.R. No. 217301, June 6, 2018
▪ Maricalum Mining Corporation v. Florentino, G.R. No. 221813, July 23, 2018
▪ Lingnam Restaurant v. Skills & Talent Employment Pool, Inc., G.R. No. 214667, Dec. 3,
2018
3.2.9. Solidary liability (Labor Code, Art. 109, in conjunction with Arts. 107 & 109; DO 174, Secs.
3[k], 9 & 13) in relation to legitimate job contracting and labor-only contracting
▪ Meralco Industrial Engineering Services Corporation v. NLRC, G.R. No. 145402, March
14, 2008
▪ GSIS v. NLRC, G.R. No. 180045, Nov. 17, 2010
▪ Vigilla v. Philippine College of Criminology Inc., G.R. No. 200094, June 10, 2013
▪ De Castro v. CA, G.R. No. 204261, Oct. 5, 2016
3.2.11. Compliance mechanisms (DO 174, Secs. 4, 14, 21, 22, 28, 30, 31, 32 & 34)
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▪ Santiago v. CF Sharp Crew Management, Inc., G.R. No. 162419, July 10, 2007