Study Guide PDF
Study Guide PDF
Study Guide PDF
a. Diglossia and bilingualism: What are the four possible scenarios? Provide
an example for each.
b. What are the two approaches relating to code-mixing?
c. Comment on the Example #4 (p. 23).
a. List the four aspects of standardization. What are the ideal goals of a
standard language?
b. Summarize the theories concerning the origins of pidgins and creoles.
Comment.
Corrubias (1983) has defined the four typical ideologies that may motivate
language planning. List all four and provide one example of each of these
ideologies.
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SECTION 2: LANGUAGE VARIATION: FOCUS ON USERS
a. State the hypothesis and the counter argument to that hypothesis concerning
women’s linguistic behaviour.
b. What is the difference between the linguistic behaviour of men and women
in an interview situation? Explain.
c. Comment on the Example #11 (p. 175).
3. LANGUAGE CHANGE
a. Explain the interaction of two styles – formal and casual – with social groups by
referring to the post-vocalic [r] change in New York City.
Comment on the model presenting the spread of a vernacular change through
two speech styles and three social groups (Figure 9.2, p. 216).
b. Merging grammars: What are the two factors that impose a constraint on
language change in Kupwar village?
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3. GENDER, POLITENESS AND STEREOTYPES
a. What are the two hypotheses of the Sapir-Whorf philosophy? Define and
evaluate both.
b. Summarize the differences between the Hopi and English grammars in
relation to their respective world views.
c. Comment on the following misconception. Refer to Dyirbal noun classes.
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j. What is the objective of CDA? What are its most obvious uses?
k. Comment on the Example #39 (p. 394). Are the participants in the discourse
equal?
BONUS QUESTION
Language, cognition and culture: There will be one question relating to the
implications of discourse patterns in different cultures.