F6TesT English

F6TesT
V 3.11
User Guide
Doble Engineering Company

85 Walnut Street
Watertown, Massachusetts 02472-4037
(USA)
www.doble.com
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013

LEGAL NOTICE
Warranty
Equipment Limited Doble Engineering Company (Doble) warrants the products that it
Warranty manufactures to be free from defects in material and workmanship for
a period of one year from the date shipped from the factory.
During the one-year warranty period, Doble will repair or replace, at its
option, any defective products or components thereof at no additional
charge, provided that the product or component is returned, shipping
prepaid, to Doble. The Purchaser is responsible for insuring any
product or component so returned and assumes the risk of loss during
shipment. All replaced products and components become the property
of Doble.
THIS LIMITED WARRANTY DOES NOT EXTEND TO ANY
PRODUCTS WHICH HAVE BEEN DAMAGED AS A RESULT OF
ACCIDENT, MISUSE, ABUSE, OR AS A RESULT OF MODIFICATION
BY ANYONE OTHER THAN DOBLE OR AN AUTHORIZED DOBLE
REPRESENTATIVE.
EXCEPT AS EXPRESSLY SET FORTH ABOVE, NO OTHER
WARRANTIES, EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, ARE MADE WITH
RESPECT TO THE PRODUCT INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. IN THE EVENT THE
PRODUCT IS NOT FREE FROM DEFECTS AS WARRANTED
HEREIN, THE PURCHASER’S SOLE REMEDY SHALL BE REPAIR
OR REPLACEMENT AS PROVIDED ABOVE. UNDER NO
CIRCUMSTANCES WILL DOBLE BE LIABLE TO THE PURCHASER
OR ANY USER FOR ANY DAMAGES, CAUSED BY OR ARISING
OUT OF THE USE OF OR INABILITY TO USE THIS PRODUCT,
INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, PERSONAL INJURY OR
PROPERTY DAMAGE, ANY INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL
DAMAGES, EXPENSES, LOST PROFITS, LOST SAVINGS, OR
OTHER DAMAGES.
Software Limited Doble warrants the disks on which the software product is furnished to
Warranty be free from defects in materials and workmanship under normal use
for a period of one hundred and twenty (120) days from the date of
shipment from Doble. Purchaser’s exclusive remedy shall be the
replacement of any disks not meeting Doble’s Software Limited
Warranty which have been returned to Doble within the warranty
period.
This warranty gives the purchaser specific legal rights and the
purchaser may also have other rights which vary from state to state.
EXCEPT AS DETAILED ABOVE AND TO THE EXTENT ALLOWED
BY ANY APPLICABLE STATE AND FEDERAL LAWS: THIS
SOFTWARE PRODUCT IS PROVIDED “AS IS” WITHOUT
WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED,
INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND
PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE PRODUCT IS WITH
PURCHASER SHOULD THE PRODUCT PROVE DEFECTIVE.
PURCHASER (AND NOT DOBLE OR AN AUTHORIZED DEALER)
ASSUMES ALL LIABILITY ASSOCIATED WITH THE SOFTWARE
AND THE ENTIRE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING,
REPAIR, OR CORRECTION.
Limitations of If Doble notifies Purchaser that is unable to deliver replacement disks
Remedies which are free from defects in materials and workmanship, Purchaser
may terminate this agreement. By returning the software product and
all copies thereof in any form and affirming compliance with this
requirement in writing, Doble will refund the purchase price.
TO THE EXTENT ALLOWED BY ANY APPLICABLE STATE AND
FEDERAL LAWS, DOBLE EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMS ALL
WARRANTIES NOT STATED HEREIN. IN NO EVENT WILL DOBLE
BE LIABLE TO PURCHASER FOR ANY DAMAGES, INCLUDING
ANY LOST PROFITS, LOST SAVINGS OR OTHER INCIDENTAL OR
CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR
INABILITY TO USE ANY SOFTWARE OR PRODUCT, OR FOR ANY
TECHNICAL OR EDITORIAL ERRORS OF COMMISSION OR
OMISSION, EVEN IF DOBLE OR AN AUTHORIZED DEALER HAS
BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES, OR
FOR ANY CLAIM BY ANY OTHER PARTY.
Maintenance For equipment maintenance, contact:
85 Walnut Street
Watertown, MA02472 (USA)
Telephone: 617-926-4900
Email: customerservice@doble.com
Web: www.doble.com
Government Use, Duplication, or Disclosure by the U.S. Government is subject to
Restricted Rights restrictions as set forth in subparagraphs (c)(1) and (c)(2) of the
Commercial Computer Software - Restricted Rights Clause at FAR
Legend
52.227-19.
Intellectual This Manual is solely the property of the Doble Engineering Company
Property Notice (Doble) and is provided for the exclusive use of Doble clients under
contractual agreement for Doble test equipment and services.
This Manual is protected by copyright, all rights reserved. No part of
this book shall be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or
transmitted by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying,
recording, or otherwise without written permission from the Doble
Engineering Company.
Doble and the Doble logo are trademarks of Doble Engineering
Company.
Microsoft, Windows, Windows 95, Windows 98, Windows 2000,
Windows NT, XP, Vista, and Windows 7 are registered trademarks of
Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/or other countries.
Copyright ©1999-2013
By Doble Engineering Company
All Rights Reserved
1. Introduction .......................................................................................... 1-1
F6TesT Software .......................................................................................................................... 1-1
Relay Reference Characteristics............................................................................................. 1-1
Library of Relay Models ........................................................................................................ 1-2
Database of Test Results ........................................................................................................ 1-2
Ready-to-Use Report Templates ............................................................................................ 1-2
Features and Benefits ............................................................................................................. 1-3
Installing F6TesT.......................................................................................................................... 1-3
New Features with Version 3.11 ............................................................................................ 1-3
Instruments Supported............................................................................................................ 1-4
System Requirements ............................................................................................................. 1-4
Software Installation .............................................................................................................. 1-4
Removing Previous F6TesT Versions.................................................................................... 1-5
Installing the F6TesT Software .............................................................................................. 1-5
Start-Up and Login ....................................................................................................................... 1-9
F6TesT Architecture and Data Views ........................................................................................ 1-11
Location................................................................................................................................ 1-16
Relay..................................................................................................................................... 1-17
Test Plan ............................................................................................................................... 1-17
Menus and Tool Bars.................................................................................................................. 1-18
Tool Bars .............................................................................................................................. 1-18
File Menu ............................................................................................................................. 1-21
New ................................................................................................................................ 1-21
Open ............................................................................................................................... 1-23
Close............................................................................................................................... 1-24
Save As .......................................................................................................................... 1-24
Delete Saved Graphs...................................................................................................... 1-24
Recently Opened Databases........................................................................................... 1-25
Print Setup...................................................................................................................... 1-25
Exit ................................................................................................................................. 1-26
Edit Menu ............................................................................................................................. 1-26
Copy ..................................................................................................................................... 1-29
Multiple Cut, Copy, and Delete ........................................................................................... 1-30
Find....................................................................................................................................... 1-31
Context Menu ....................................................................................................................... 1-32
72A-1968-01 Rev G 03/2013 Contents - 1

F6TesT V 3.11 User Guide
Copy, Cut, and Paste in the Location Tree and List View ............................................. 1-33
Delete, Insert, Append, Find in the Location Tree and List View ................................. 1-33
Module Menu ....................................................................................................................... 1-33
Setup Menu........................................................................................................................... 1-34
Communication Setup .................................................................................................... 1-35
Graphics Setup...................................................................................................................... 1-36
Oscillograph Setup ......................................................................................................... 1-38
Using the Context Menu ................................................................................................ 1-39
Using the Cursors ........................................................................................................... 1-40
Setting Oscillograph Properties...................................................................................... 1-41
General Properties Tab................................................................................................... 1-42
Analog Tab..................................................................................................................... 1-43
Digital Output Tab ......................................................................................................... 1-45
Digital Input Tab ............................................................................................................ 1-46
Test Defaults .................................................................................................................. 1-47
Global Report Definitions .............................................................................................. 1-51
Directories ...................................................................................................................... 1-53
Change Language........................................................................................................... 1-53
Tools Menu........................................................................................................................... 1-54
Offline Simulation Mode ............................................................................................... 1-55
DB Compacting Preferences .......................................................................................... 1-55
F6000 Software Tools .................................................................................................... 1-56
Characteristics ................................................................................................................ 1-60
Relay Maintenance Schedule ......................................................................................... 1-61
Relay Mfrs & Models..................................................................................................... 1-61
Reports ........................................................................................................................... 1-64
Convert Database ........................................................................................................... 1-67
Template Library............................................................................................................ 1-68
Power System Model ..................................................................................................... 1-69
Vector Calculator ........................................................................................................... 1-69
Help Menu ............................................................................................................................ 1-69
2. Relay Characteristics ............................................................................2-1

Copying Relay Characteristics between Databases ...................................................................... 2-1
Characteristics Cross Reference ............................................................................................. 2-3
Characteristics Library.................................................................................................................. 2-3
Contents - 2 72A-1968-01 Rev G 03/2013

Characteristic Equations ............................................................................................................... 2-4

Characteristics Constants.............................................................................................................. 2-5
Guidelines for Characteristics .......................................................................................... 2-9
Look-up Table ............................................................................................................................ 2-10
Importing from a Spreadsheet .............................................................................................. 2-11
Differential Characteristics................................................................................................... 2-13
Displaying and Comparing Relay Characteristics................................................................ 2-14
3. Creating a Relay ...................................................................................3-1

Adding a Relay to a Location ....................................................................................................... 3-2
Relay Parameters and Functions................................................................................................... 3-3
Test Plan Tab ................................................................................................................................ 3-3
Relay Parameters Tab ................................................................................................................... 3-4
Connections and Signals Tab........................................................................................................ 3-5
Notebook Tab ............................................................................................................................. 3-11
Function Window ....................................................................................................................... 3-12
Adding a Function ...................................................................................................................... 3-15
Adding an Impedance Function Using the Relay Library ............................................. 3-16
Copying a Function..................................................................................................................... 3-20
Time Characteristic Functions .................................................................................................... 3-21
Generic Functions ....................................................................................................................... 3-25
Impedance Functions .................................................................................................................. 3-27
General Characteristic .......................................................................................................... 3-30
Directional Functions.................................................................................................................. 3-33
Differential Functions ................................................................................................................. 3-35
4. Creating Test Modules .........................................................................4-1

Test Plans...................................................................................................................................... 4-1
Tests .............................................................................................................................................. 4-2
Test Types..................................................................................................................................... 4-4
Test Definitions ............................................................................................................................ 4-5
Test Elements Tab ........................................................................................................................ 4-8
Overcurrent ...................................................................................................................... 4-8
Impedance ........................................................................................................................ 4-8
Directional...................................................................................................................... 4-10
Contents - 3 72A-1968-01 Rev G 03/2013

Differential ..................................................................................................................... 4-10

WaveSim ........................................................................................................................ 4-11
Test Configuration Tab............................................................................................................... 4-12
Fault Calculation Button....................................................................................................... 4-12
Overcurrent Time Characteristics .................................................................................. 4-12
Voltage and Frequency Time Characteristics ................................................................ 4-15
Directional Characteristics ............................................................................................. 4-16
Differential Characteristics ............................................................................................ 4-17
Idiff vs. Ibias .................................................................................................................. 4-18
Is vs. Ip ........................................................................................................................... 4-18
Test Method Button.............................................................................................................. 4-20
Impedance Characteristics ............................................................................................. 4-20
Constant Current ............................................................................................................ 4-21
Constant Voltage ............................................................................................................ 4-21
Constant Source Z .......................................................................................................... 4-21
Separate Arc Resistance ................................................................................................. 4-23
DC Transients and Fault Inception Angle...................................................................... 4-23
WaveSim Characteristics...................................................................................................... 4-25
Test Method.......................................................................................................................... 4-25
Test Timing and Trigger Selection Button........................................................................... 4-26
Digital Outputs Button ......................................................................................................... 4-28
Source Configuration Button................................................................................................ 4-28
Conventional Sources..................................................................................................... 4-28
Sampled Value Sources........................................................................................................ 4-33
Sampled Value Sets Only............................................................................................... 4-34
Using Sampled Values Sources with Other Test Modules................................................... 4-35
Test Points Tab ........................................................................................................................... 4-36
Time Overcurrent Test Points .............................................................................................. 4-37
Test Graph Features.............................................................................................................. 4-47
Graph Pop-up Menu ....................................................................................................... 4-47
Maximizing Graphs .............................................................................................................. 4-50
Maximizing Test Tables ....................................................................................................... 4-51
Selecting and Highlighting Test Points ................................................................................ 4-51
Deleting Test Points ............................................................................................................. 4-51
Editing Test Points ............................................................................................................... 4-52
Sorting Test Points ............................................................................................................... 4-53
Contents - 4 72A-1968-01 Rev G 03/2013

Measurement Tab ....................................................................................................................... 4-54

Test Tab ...................................................................................................................................... 4-55
Phasor Diagrams................................................................................................................... 4-55
I-Char and VF-Char Time Characteristics ........................................................................... 4-57
Directional Test .................................................................................................................... 4-58
Differential Test.................................................................................................................... 4-60
Testing Relays with Unknown Characteristics or Bias Equations................................. 4-64
Z-Time Test .......................................................................................................................... 4-65
Z-Char Test........................................................................................................................... 4-68
ZMTA Test........................................................................................................................... 4-69
WaveSim Test ...................................................................................................................... 4-71
Ramp Test of Voltage, Current, Phase Angle, or Frequency ............................................... 4-74
Pulsed Ramp................................................................................................................... 4-82
Double Ramp ................................................................................................................. 4-83
Ramp Rate-of-Change .......................................................................................................... 4-84
VpHzRampTest – Volts per Hertz Ramp............................................................................. 4-86
SSIMUL Test – State Simulation ......................................................................................... 4-88
Fault Rotate .................................................................................................................... 4-92
Display Phasors .............................................................................................................. 4-92
Insert Fault or Append Fault .......................................................................................... 4-92
Time Units...................................................................................................................... 4-94
Run Mode....................................................................................................................... 4-94
Digital Output Dialog Box ............................................................................................. 4-95
Oscillograph ................................................................................................................... 4-96
Measurement Tab........................................................................................................... 4-97
Using the EXTERN Module ................................................................................................ 4-98
The EXTERN Test Tab ........................................................................................................ 4-99
The EXTERN Notebook Tab....................................................................................... 4-100
The EXTERN Reports Tab .......................................................................................... 4-101
Using AutoRun................................................................................................................... 4-104
Reports Tab............................................................................................................................... 4-105
Using the Worksheet................................................................................................................. 4-108
5. Running Tests ......................................................................................5-1

Selecting a Test............................................................................................................................. 5-1
Simulation Mode .......................................................................................................................... 5-3
Contents - 5 72A-1968-01 Rev G 03/2013

Running the Test........................................................................................................................... 5-4

Hiding Table Columns ........................................................................................................... 5-5
AutoRun........................................................................................................................................ 5-6
Changing Relay Parameters.......................................................................................................... 5-7
Example.................................................................................................................................. 5-8
6. Reference Tables .................................................................................6-1

Test Preparation ............................................................................................................................ 6-1
Abbreviations................................................................................................................................ 6-3
Shortcut Keys................................................................................................................................ 6-4
7. Importing Functions ..............................................................................7-1

Importing a Function .................................................................................................................... 7-1
Opening/Viewing Functions After Import.................................................................................... 7-3
Characteristics Cross Reference ................................................................................................... 7-3
8. Cut, Copy and Paste Operations ..........................................................8-1

Allowed Operations ...................................................................................................................... 8-1
9. Power System Model ............................................................................9-1

Introduction................................................................................................................................... 9-1
Impedance Tab.............................................................................................................................. 9-5
Fault Tab ....................................................................................................................................... 9-6
Relay Tab...................................................................................................................................... 9-8
Load Flow Tab.............................................................................................................................. 9-9
Model Menu................................................................................................................................ 9-11
Setup Menu ................................................................................................................................. 9-13
10. Vector Calculator ..............................................................................10-1

Introduction................................................................................................................................. 10-1
Vector Table ............................................................................................................................... 10-2
Contents - 6 72A-1968-01 Rev G 03/2013

Keypad ........................................................................................................................................ 10-2

Function Keys....................................................................................................................... 10-2
Vector Keys .......................................................................................................................... 10-3
Operator Keys....................................................................................................................... 10-3
Number Keys........................................................................................................................ 10-4
Recalculate Formulae Key ................................................................................................... 10-4
Viewing Vectors................................................................................................................... 10-5
Menu Bar .................................................................................................................................... 10-5
File........................................................................................................................................ 10-5
Setup............................................................................................................................... 10-5
Print ................................................................................................................................ 10-6
Exit ................................................................................................................................. 10-7
Edit ....................................................................................................................................... 10-7
Cut .................................................................................................................................. 10-7
Copy ............................................................................................................................... 10-7
Paste ............................................................................................................................... 10-7
Delete ............................................................................................................................. 10-7
View ..................................................................................................................................... 10-8
Scaling............................................................................................................................ 10-8
Zoom In .......................................................................................................................... 10-9
Zoom Out ..................................................................................................................... 10-10
Formulae............................................................................................................................. 10-11
Standard Formulae ....................................................................................................... 10-11
Help .................................................................................................................................... 10-12
Contents........................................................................................................................ 10-12
About Vector Calculator .............................................................................................. 10-12
Tool Bar .................................................................................................................................... 10-13
Performing Calculations ........................................................................................................... 10-13
Source Name Column......................................................................................................... 10-14
Formula Column................................................................................................................. 10-14
Performing Formula Box Calculations ..................................................................................... 10-14
Formula Operators.............................................................................................................. 10-15
Standard Operators....................................................................................................... 10-15
a, a2 .............................................................................................................................. 10-15
SQRT............................................................................................................................ 10-15
Parentheses ................................................................................................................... 10-16
Contents - 7 72A-1968-01 Rev G 03/2013

Evaluate........................................................................................................................ 10-16
Save the Answer in the Vector Table ................................................................................. 10-16
Contents - 8 72A-1968-01 Rev G 03/2013

Preface
Who Should Read This Guide

This guide is intended for anyone who works with Version 3.11 of
F6TesT. It is assumed that the reader is familiar with professional
standards and safety practices.
Notes and Warnings

This document uses icons to draw your attention to information of
special importance, as follows.
NOTE! Notes provide supplemental information that may apply to only

some circumstances.
CAUTION! Cautions provide information that prevents damage to

hardware or data.
WARNING! Warnings tell you how to prevent injury or death to anyone

near the test set or high-voltage equipment.
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 9

Contact Information
For questions or inquiries you may have on our group companies or
products, please contact the group members as follows:

Corporate Headquarters
85 Walnut Street
Watertown, MA 02472 USA
tel +1 617 926 4900
fax +1 617 926 0528
email info@doble.com
10 72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013

1. Introduction
F6TesT Software
Designed to take advantage of the power and versatility of the F6000
series of power system simulators, F6TesT gives you automatic control
of the instrument from a standard PC. With the F6150sv, F6TesT
supports IEC 61850 sampled values, in addition to conventional
voltages and currents. F6TesT makes testing impedance, differential,
voltage, current, and frequency relays simpler than ever before. Even
complex protection schemes are easy to test with F6TesT’s graphical
interface and pre-configured test templates.
The highly automated approach of F6TesT reduces user intervention
and manual errors, improving the accuracy and repeatability of your
tests. This results in more reliable protection system performance. In
addition, F6TesT contains a powerful database, with reporting
capabilities that give you better control and management of your
commissioning and maintenance programs. With F6TesT, you have the
ease of use and power you need to gain higher productivity and
improve the quality of your protection maintenance program.
Relay Reference Characteristics

Accurate testing of protective relays and evaluation of test results
requires correct reference or expected values. F6TesT employs
reference characteristics to automatically calculate test quantities such
as current, voltage, impedance, frequency, phase angle, and time. In
addition, reference graphs provides a visual aid during test preparation,
testing, and viewing test results.
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 1-1

Overcurrent, voltage, and frequency relay characteristics are modeled

using equations and lookup tables; differential relay characteristics use
lookup tables. This allows modeling of numerical relay characteristics
based on IEC or IEEE standard equations. Nonstandard equations that
are specific to manufacturers and relays are modeled as easily as
standard ones. Electromechanical characteristics that do not have a
suitable equation are modeled using lookup tables, which allows
importing data from Excel and .csv files as well as copying and pasting
from any table. After creating a new characteristic, you can view it
graphically and compare it with existing curves.
Impedance relay characteristics are modeled mathematically using
circular arcs and lines; mho impedance characteristics use standard
polar reach and angle settings.
Library of Relay Models

F6TesT includes a library of impedance and differential relay models,
where settings are entered, and automatically creates impedance and
differential functions and their characteristics.
Database of Test Results

F6TesT includes a powerful database system that allows you to store
historical test parameters and results. You can easily report all your
relay settings, characteristics, test methods, and test result history. You
can also create a new database based on any existing F6TesT
database. This allows you to create a standard database that contains
relays you normally use and allows you to customize your test plans.
Ready-to-Use Report Templates

F6TesT makes report creation as easy as clicking a mouse with a
variety of ready-to-use templates you can use to preview, print, or
export test results. You can easily customize reports to include required
information, including relay data, graphs, test configurations, and test
results, by checking the appropriate boxes. You can also add your
company's name and logo to the report template.
1-2 72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013

1. Introduction
Features and Benefits

• Automated calculation of complex quantities and limited manual
intervention improve accuracy.
• AutoRun allows a series of test modules to run nonstop,
reducing test time and generating consistent results.
• Historical database allows you to evaluate and improve test
procedures.
• Pre-configured modules enable quick startup, standardized test
practices, and higher test productivity.
• Test Modules include Ramp, VpHzRamp, State Simulation,
I-Char, Directional, VF-Char, Diff-Char, Z-Char, Z-Time, and
WaveSim.
• Phasor diagram displays the actual pre-fault and fault voltages
and currents in both graphical and tabular form for each test
point – before, during, and after testing. All test modules have
some form of phasor diagram. The equivalent symmetrical
components can also be displayed in tabular and phasor forms.
• Oscillograph display of voltage and current waveforms, as well
as logic inputs and outputs.
• Support for formulas in most of the fields. Ramp and SSIMUL
have an additional worksheet.
Installing F6TesT
New Features with Version 3.11
• Version 3.11 features enhanced amplifier ratings. Current
amplitude values are higher, the extent of which depends on the
configuration used.
• Support is included for IEC 61850 sample values for all of the
test modules, except WaveSim.
• Additional 3-phase fault type is included in DiffChar.
• Automatic search for rate-of-change of frequency, current, or
voltage is in the Ramp test module.
• An option is included in I-Char to automatically adjust the zero-
and negative- sequence values as a percentage of the test
current.
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 1-3

Instruments Supported
F6TesT version 3.11 supports F6150, F6150A, F6150SV, and the
F6150+F6300 external high-power current amplifier.
System Requirements
The following table outlines the system requirements for the F6TesT
software.
Operating System Windows 2000

Windows XP
Windows 7
Vista
Hardware • 128–512+ MB RAM, depending on the operating
system; performance generally improves
with increased RAM
• 1.0 GHz or higher
• 800 x 600-pixel, 256-color resolution or higher
recommended
• CD/DVD-ROM drive or equivalent to install software
• Serial port, Ethernet port, or USB port for
communication with F6000 test instrument
• Microsoft mouse or other Windows®-compatible
pointing device
Hard-Drive Space 500 MB to install the software and store test plans and
results
Software Installation
Software installation consists of:
• Removing Previous F6TesT Versions, if required.
• “Installing the F6TesT Software”
If you are using Windows 7 or Vista and are unfamiliar with the User
Account Control (UAC) and data redirection, also known as UAC
virtualization, you may want to consult with your IT support staff before
un-installing or installing F6TesT.
1-4 72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013

1. Introduction
Removing Previous F6TesT Versions
CAUTION: Do not use the F6TesT installation wizard to un-install F6TesT.
You may choose to install newer versions side-by-side with older

versions, but you cannot run tests from both versions simultaneously
using the same instrument.
CAUTION! Windows 7 and Vista may have used data redirection on some
of the F6TesT application folder, consult with your IT support staff if
necessary to save any desired files and to ensure complete removal of
earlier versions of F6TesT.
To remove earlier versions of F6TesT:

1. Save your database(s) to a location outside the F6TesT application
folder.
2. Use the Control Panel to un-install F6TesT.
• For Windows XP and earlier, select Control Panel -> Add or
Remove Programs.
• For Windows 7 and Vista, select Control Panel -> Programs and
Features.
3. Delete the F6TesT application folder. The default location of the
folder is:
• For 32-bit systems: C:\Program Files\Doble\F6Testx.x
• For 64-bit systems: C:\Program
Files(x86)\Doble\F6Testx.x
If you have any questions about removing earlier versions of F6TesT,
contact Doble at fserieshelp@doble.com.
Installing the F6TesT Software

The F6TesT software, including an installation wizard, program files,
and a sample database is installed from a single CD.
To install the software:
1. Close all other applications.
2. Insert the Doble F6TesT CD into the CD or DVD drive.
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 1-5

3. Browse to the CD and open it.

4. In the CD's folder, browse to the F6TesT folder to locate the setup
application, setup.exe, and double-click to launch the Installation
Wizard.
5. The F6TesT Installation Wizard presents a series of dialog boxes
with installation choices, such as selecting an installation path and
the option to create a desktop icon for the application. Selecting the
default installation path is recommended.
6. If you are installing on Windows 7, you may need to manually
register cwui.ocx:
1-6 72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013

1. Introduction
a. Open a Command Prompt window using the Run as adminis-

trator option. Select Start -> All Programs -> Accessories,
right click on the Command Prompt item and select Run as
administrator.
Figure 1.1 Run as Administrator Option
b. In the Command Prompt window, enter regsvr32 followed by the

path to cwui.ocx in your F6tesT application folder, for
example:
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 1-7

Figure 1.2 Command Prompt Window
Depending on the version you’re installing, an RegSvr32 dialog box

with successful registration message appears, similar to the following.
Figure 1.3 Registration Successful Message
CAUTION: If you un-install an older version after installing the current

version, you will need to re-register cwui.ocx using the preceding steps
before using the current version.
Windows 7 and Vista may use data redirection on some of the F6TesT
installation folders and your data; consult with your IT support staff, if
necessary.
1-8 72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013

1. Introduction
Start-Up and Login

There are two quick ways to start the F6TesT program:
1. Double-click the F6TesT desktop icon
or
2. Select Start -> Programs -> F6TesT from the task bar. A Login
dialog box appears (Figure 1.4).
Figure 1.4 Login Dialog Box
To log in:
1. Enter a name (up to 20 characters) in the User Name field or select
a previously entered name from the drop-down menu.
2. Select the preferred language from the Language drop-down menu.
3. Click OK. The Select Database dialog box appears (Figure 1.5 on
page 1-10).
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 1-9

Figure 1.5 Select Database Dialog Box
4. Select an existing database (F6TestSampleDB.mdb in the figure

above).
5. Click Open. New databases can be created later.
1-10 72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013

1. Introduction
F6TesT Architecture and Data Views

Once the database is selected, the program displays the main F6TesT
window (Figure 1).
Figure 1.6 F6TesT Window with Location Table Selected
The F6TesT window consists of the following areas:

• The menu bar at the top of the window provides access to
F6TesT functions. For more information, refer to “Menus and
Tool Bars” on page 1-18.
• Three tool bars are located just below the menu bar:
• Standard
• Run
• Battery
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The icons on the tool bars provide quick access to principal F6TesT
functions.
• The location tree on the left shows the organization of the
database into Locations, Relays, and Test Plans. The tree view
is similar to the Windows Explorer view of folders and files.
• Click the plus icon to the left of an item to display the con-
tents of the Location, Relay, or Test Plan.
• Click the minus icon to hide the contents of the Location,
Relay, or Test Plan.
In the figure above, only the locations are shown, while in the figure
below, the tree is fully expanded to show individual tests.
• The Table View on the right provides details on the item
selected in the location tree. There are four tables linked in a
parent-child relationship:
1. Location, when the database name at the top of the location tree is
selected
2. Relay, when a location is selected
3. Test Plan, when a relay is selected
4. Test modules, when a test plan is selected.
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Figure 1.7 F6TesT Window with Test Table Selected
As shown below, F6TesT data is divided into four main categories:

1. Locations, to organize relays and test plans by substation or similar
scheme
2. Relays and their functions and elements
3. Relay Characteristics Library
4. Tests (or test modules)
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Figure 1.8 F6TesT Database Architecture
The F6TesT architecture accommodates a modern multifunction relay,

but is easily applied to a simple relay or to a complex relay with only a
few functions in use. In F6TesT, a relay is assigned one or more
functions; each function can be assigned one or more elements. For
example, separate over current elements can be applied to phase and
ground current.
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Each function element can be modeled using characteristic equations

common to many relays. The equation determines relay response to
different fault conditions, such as operating point or response time.
Tests are then defined to test an individual element, several elements
together, or even all elements of a relay function together.
F6TesT stores data in a relational database. The database is
compatible with Microsoft® Access 2000. The relay and test data are
organized in tables, using locations to logically group relays (Figure 1.9
on page 1-16).
CAUTION! Avoid using Microsoft Access to edit an F6TesT database.

Changes, such as adding or deleting records, might not be recognized by
F6TesT and can make the database unusable.
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Figure 1.9 F6TesT Relay Architecture
Location
The first level of a data tree is always a location, which can correspond
to a substation or to a protection panel in a substation. A location
contains either sub-locations or relays, but not both. Up to three levels
of locations are allowed. You can add an asset tracking number, if
necessary.
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Relay
A relay record has a user assigned Relay ID, which can identify the line
or equipment being protected and an optional serial number. These are
arbitrary and can be edited by clicking the table entry and entering
changes. A timestamp records the original creation date of the record,
and the login name of the user that created the record. The timestamp
and originator cannot be changed.
The Manufacturer field enables you to enter a relay manufacturer. You
can select the manufacturer from a drop-down menu or you can type
the name in the field. Each manufacturer has a corresponding list of
relay models. If the name entered is not in the list, a prompt appears,
asking whether to add the name to the list. Care should be taken to
avoid entering duplicate names or synonyms for the same
manufacturer. For consistency of the relay naming conventions, it is
advisable to enter all relay model names under the Relay Mfrs and
Models menu.
NOTE! Once a test plan has been defined for a relay, the Manufacturer
cannot be changed.
Test Plan
Each test plan has a user-assigned name to describe the purpose of
the plan. A creation date and login name are recorded when the test
plan is first created. These fields cannot be changed.
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Menus and Tool Bars

This section describes the F6TesT menu bar and tool bars (below).
The F6TesT menu bar consists of the following menus:

• File
• Edit
• Module
• Setup
• Tools
• Help
Tool Bars
The following four tool bars provide quick access to various program
functions:
1. The Standard tool bar (Figure 1) presents basic file and edit
functions, using icons that are common to many Windows
applications.Standard Tool Bar
2. The Run tool bar icons (below) are used in running tests, as
described in Running Tests.
Figure 1.10 Run Toolbar
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3. The Battery tool bar (Figure 1.11) controls the F6000 Battery
Simulator source. The Battery tool bar is always active, even when
no database is open.
Figure 1.11 Battery Tool Bar
To turn the battery simulator source on:

a. Use the drop-down menu to select DC voltage (48, 125, or 250
V). If the F6000 has a variable-amplitude battery simulator, you
can enter the amplitude manual in the field. The range is 6–300
V, in 1-volt increments.
b. Click 1 to turn the battery simulator on.
c. Click 0 to turn the battery simulator off.
CAUTION! The battery cannot be turned off or on while a test is running.
The Formula and Functions tool bar enables you to edit formulae, and
display available functions and keywords when a test definition is open.
Figure 1.12 Formula and Function Tool Bar
• Formula Bar — causes a Formula Bar pop-up window

(Figure 1.17 on page 1-25) to appear, enabling you to create a
formula. The Formula Bar appears any time the user enters an
equal sign (=) in a cell. An equal sign must also precede the
formula in the Formula Bar.
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Figure 1.13 Formula Bar Button
• Highlight Formula — turns highlighting on and off. If there are

any formulas in your test definition, they will be highlighted
when you turn highlighting on. Click the arrow next to the button
to display the Color Selection dialog box; this dialog box
enables you to change the color of the highlighting.
• Formula Keywords and Functions — causes a dialog box to
appear (Figure 1.14) that displays keywords and functions for
formulas for different categories of tests. It also displays a list of
valid operators for formulas.
Figure 1.14 Formula Keywords and Functions Dialog Box
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Keywords are pre-defined variables in F6TesT that refer to parameters

and setting in the relay and its functions and elements. They can be
used in formulas and become valid only when the associated function
and element have been selected in the Test Elements tab of a test. To
make it easier to use them and avoid typing errors you can mouse right
click on a keyword, copy it, and paste it in the formula bar.
Find Note — alerts you to the fact that there are notes on the
Notebook tab. This icon appears only when there are notes for the test
definition.
File Menu
Use the File menu (Figure 1.15) to open, save, and close databases;
print; and exit the program.
Figure 1.15 File menu
New
To create a new database file:
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1. Choose File -> Close to close the current database.

2. Select File -> New to open the New dialog box (Figure 1.16).
Figure 1.16 New Dialog Box
3. In the Template Database Name field, enter the name of the

template to be used with the new database or click the browse
button and browse to an existing template.
4. To store the database in a location other than the default
(..\F6TesTx.x\Databases), use the Browse button to navigate to that
location.
5. Enter a name for the new database.
6. Click Save. The file is saved as an Access-compatible file and the
appropriate extension (.mdb) is automatically appended to the
name. The database is created and opened.
NOTE! To create a new database containing information from the sample

database, use the F6TestSampleDB as the template.
Then, delete unwanted Locations, Relays, and Test Plans. Manufacturers,
relay models, and characteristics defined in the sample database remain
available.
The template database named BlankDBwithCharacteristics.mdb includes
manufacturers and characteristics, but no locations or relays.
You can create your own database template and use it to create a
new database. Closing the open database is optional. If there is an
open database, opening another database will prompt the ser if
they want to close the current database.
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Open
To open an F6TesT database:
1. Close the open database.
2. Select File -> Open or click the folder icon in the tool bar. The
F6TesT program displays the Select Database dialog box.
3. Navigate to the desired database.
4. Click Open.
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Close
To close the currently open database:
1. Select File -> Close from the menu bar or click the small gray X in
the upper right corner of the screen. A dialog box appears asking if
you want to close the database. There is no prompt to save or
discard changes; any changes made have already been saved.
2. Click Yes.
Save As
To make a copy of the open database:
1. Select File -> Save As.
2. Enter a new name for the database.
3. Click Save. A prompt appears that tells you to close the current
database and open the one that was just saved.
4. Click OK. A new database opens.
5. Click Cancel. The current database stays open, but the newly
saved database is saved.
Delete Saved Graphs

To delete any graphs that have been saved, select File -> Delete
Saved Graphs. Graphs are created when previewing or printing
reports. Printing reports is faster if there are already existing graphs.
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Recently Opened Databases

When no database is open, the File menu lists the most recently
opened databases. Click a database name to reopen it.
Figure 1.17 File Menu When No Database Is Open
Print Setup
Print Setup opens a standard Print dialog box for selecting and
configuring a printer for F6TesT reports (refer to “Reports Tab”
on page 4-105).
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Exit
To close F6TesT:
1. Select File -> Exit. A dialog box appears, asking if you want to exit
F6TesT (Figure 1.18).
Figure 1.18 Exit Dialog Box
2. Click Yes.
Edit Menu
The Edit menu (Figure 1.19 on page 1-27) provides basic functions for
adding or modifying items selected in the location tree or in table view.
There are two ways to access the menu:
1. Select Edit from the menu bar.
2. Right-click an item in the location tree or table view to access the
pop-up context menu.
Menu bar options are disabled or grayed out if they are not applicable
to the current context window.
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Figure 1.19 Edit Menu
Table 1.1 lists and describes the commands available from the Edit
menu, along with the corresponding icons in the Standard tool bar and
keyboard short-cuts (such as Ctrl + C to copy an item). Right-clicking
offers two additional options — Check All and Un-check All — that
enable you to select or deselect all the check boxes in a list of tests.
Table 1.1 Edit Menu

Menu Option Short-Cut Key Description
Insert Ctrl + I Inserts a new record in a table

immediately above the selected
record.
Append Ctrl + A Appends a new record to the
end of a table.
Delete Delete key Deletes a selected record.
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Copy Ctrl+ C Copies a selected record to the

clipboard.
Cut Ctrl + X Removes a selected record

from the table and stores it on
clipboard so that it can be can
be pasted to different,
compatible place in the
database.
Paste Ctrl + V Appends a copied or cut record
to the end of the list.
Paste Special
Multiple Copy Copies multiple locations,
relays, test plans, and tests to
the clipboard from the table and
stores it on clipboard so that it
can be can be pasted to
different, compatible place in
the database.
Multiple Cut Cuts multiple locations, relays,
test plans, and tests.
Multiple Delete Pastes multiple locations,
relays, test plans, and tests.
Move Down Moves the selected record
down one position in the table.
Move Up Moves a selected record up

one position in the table.
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Find Ctrl + F Opens the Find dialog box,

enabling you to perform a
database search for records
that match a search string. A
blank search field acts as a wild
card. For example, searching
for blank in table Relay, column
Relay Name lists all relays in
the database.
Import from SS File Imports state simulation files
created by other applications.
Rename Enables you to rename a file.
Copy
Use Copy to copy one record (location, relay, test plan, or test),
including all related records under it, to the clipboard so that it can be
pasted to a compatible place elsewhere in the open database. For
example, a relay can be copied to another location, but a test plan or
test can be copied only within the same relay because it is linked to
specific relay functions and parameters. Copying blocks of data is
enabled in some test definition dialog boxes.
To copy a record from one database to another:
1. Right-click the record.
2. Select Copy from the pop-up menu or press Ctrl + C.
3. Close the database.
4. Open the destination database.
5. Right-click in the appropriate table.
6. Select Paste from the pop-up menu or press Ctrl + V.
To highlight a block of data for copying or cutting:
1. Click the item at the start of the block.
2. Press Shift and click the item at the end of the block. The
highlighted portion is copied to the clipboard.
Because the Copy function uses the Windows clipboard, data can also
be copied from one application to another.
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Multiple Cut, Copy, and Delete

F6TesT enables users to select one or more locations, relays, test
plans, and tests and cut, copy, or delete them. Once they are on the
clipboard, you can paste the records into other locations, databases, or
applications.
To cut, copy, or delete multiple records:
1. Select the desired location in your database.
2. From the Edit menu, select Multiple Copy, Multiple Cut, or
Multiple Delete. The following dialog box appears:
Figure 1.20 Multiple Cut, Copy or Delete Dialog Box
3. Select the level (location, relay, test plan, test, test definition) where
you want to make the changes.
CAUTION! It is easy to delete a whole location by mistake when you really

wanted to delete a few tests, so make the level selection carefully.
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4. Select the filter parameters for your view of the database:

a. Evaluation
b. Default test definitions only
c. Date Range
5. Click Find.
6. Select the items to be edited. Note that the red check marks
indicate exactly what will be edited.
7. Click the Cut, Copy or Delete button that is enabled, based on
your initial editing choice.
NOTE! The button that is available at the bottom of the dialog box depends
on the operation you selected from the Tools menu. All other buttons, with
the exception of Close, are greyed out.
Find
Use Find (Figure 1.21) to specify a search of the database for records
that contain a specific string.
To find a record that contains a specific string:
1. Right-click the record.
2. Select Find from the pop-up menu or press Ctrl + F. The following
dialog box appears.
Figure 1.21 Find Dialog Box
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 1-31

3. Enter the text string in the Find What field. (The search string is not
case-sensitive.)
4. Use the drop-down menus in the In Table and In Column(s) fields to
further refine the search. A blank search field acts as a wild card.
For example, searching the table Relay and column Relay_Name
with nothing specified in Find What returns all relays in the
database. You can search only one column in one table at a time.
5. Check Match Whole Word Only to further restrict the search.
6. Click Find. Matching records are displayed in the lower pane of the
dialog box.
7. Double-click a record to open it.
Context Menu
The Edit menu is also available as a context menu in the Location Tree
and the Table View (Figure 1.22).
Figure 1.22 Context Menu
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Copy, Cut, and Paste in the Location Tree and List View
You can copy and paste one or more records (locations, relays, test
plans, tests) from the location tree or table view, according to the
following rules:
• Copy a location and paste it to another location. This pastes all
sub-locations, if any, and all relays, test plans, and tests to the
target location.
• Copy a relay and paste it to the same location or another
location. All sub-records are also copied and pasted.
• Copy a test and paste it to the same test plan or another test
plan.
NOTE! A copy/cut/paste operation in F6TesT cannot be undone. A cut

operation is executed only after a paste operation is successful.
Delete, Insert, Append, Find in the Location Tree and List View
These options enable you to delete, insert, append, and find records
(locations, relays, test plans, and tests) in the location tree or table
view. To perform any of these actions, highlight a record and select one
of the options from the context menu. If you are adding, inserting, or
appending, the new record will appear before the selected record.
Module Menu
Module menu options are described in the following table. These
options are active only when a test record is selected.
Figure 1.23 Module Menu
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Table 1.2 Module Menu Options

Open There are three ways to open a test module record:
• Select the module in the test plan Table View and choose
Module->Open from the menu bar.
• Double-click the record in the test plan Table View.
• Select the module in the test plan Table View and press
Enter.
Only one module record can be open at a time.
Close There are three ways to close a test module record:
• Select Module->Close from the menu bar.
• Click the small gray X in the upper right corner of the Test
Definition screen.
• Press F9.
When prompted, save the record file if there are any unsaved
changes.
Save There are three ways to save changes to a test record:
• Select Module->Save from the menu bar.
• Press Ctrl + S.
• Click the Save icon.
If you are editing an existing definition, save the changes to the
definition or to a new definition when prompted.
Setup Menu
Setup menu (Figure 1.24) options are:
Figure 1.24 Setup Menu
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Communication Setup
To configure communications between the computer and the F6000
instrument:
1. Select Setup -> Communication Setup from the menu bar to open
the Communication Setup dialog box (Figure 1.25).
Figure 1.25 Communications Setup Dialog Box
2. Select either Serial or Ethernet and configure the connection

parameters.
For a serial port connection:
• Select the Comm Port from the drop-down menu.
• The Baud rate is fixed at 57,600.
For an Ethernet connection:
• In the IP Address field, enter the IP address of the F6000
instrument as it appears in the upper right corner of the F6000
front panel display.
If the instrument is connected to a network, it may be necessary
to change the IP address of the instrument to avoid a conflict
with another device on the network.
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The IP address can be changed user the F6000 Software Tools

menu (see “F6000 Software Tools” on page 1-56).
3. Click OK.
If necessary, click Refresh to refresh the communications. Click Verify
Connection to make sure that the connection to the F6000 is up and
running.
Graphics Setup
Use the Graphics Setup dialog box (Figure 1.26) to set default color
and display properties for tests:
1. Choose Setup -> Graphics Setup. The Graphics Setup dialog box
appears.
Figure 1.26 Graphics Setup Dialog Box
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2. Use the dialog box controls to set the color scheme for displaying
test points and characteristics, the test point shape, and tolerance
format. For example, to improve printing quality, select a white
background and colors for axes, grid, and data that show up well
against a white background.
3. Click OK.
To see additional selections for Impedance tests, click More and select
Impedance. The following, additional options appear in the dialog box.
Figure 1.27 Graphic Setup Dialog Box for Impedance Tests
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To see additional selections for other tests, select Other Tests. The
following, additional options appear.
Figure 1.28 Graphics Setup Dialog Box for Other Tests
Oscillograph Setup
The Oscillograph Setup dialog box enables you to set color and display
properties for X (voltage) and Y (current) sources for all test types.
Oscillographs can be displayed for each test by double-clicking the
test, clicking the Test tab, and then clicking the Oscillograph button.
The following figure shows a sample oscillograph.
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Figure 1.29 Sample Oscillograph
Using the Context Menu

To access the oscillograph context menu, right-click in the oscillograph.
The following menu appears.
Figure 1.30 Oscillograph Context Menu
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Table 1.3 explains the Oscillograph context menu.
Table 1.3 Oscillograph Context Options

Menu Option Description
Setup Displays the Oscillograph Setup window.

Zoom In Zooms in on the part of the oscillograph that is between the right and left
cursors.
Zoom Out Zooms out to normal view.
Maximize Enlarges the oscillograph to full-screen size.
Graph
Restore Graph Restores the oscillograph to its normal size. Note that this menu
selection is grayed out until Maximize Graph is used.
Using the Cursors

The oscillograph has two vertical cursors (Figure 1.31 on page 1-41)
that enable you to select a part of the oscillograph to zoom in on.
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Figure 1.31 Oscillograph Cursors
To move either cursor, click it. When a double arrow appears, drag the
cursor to its desired location and drop it.
Setting Oscillograph Properties

To set up the properties for an oscillograph, select Setup ->
Oscillograph Setup or click somewhere in the oscillograph and select
Setup from the pop-up menu. The following window appears.
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 1-41

Figure 1.32 Oscillograph Setup — General Properties Tab
General Properties Tab

The General Properties tab enables you to create property profiles and
to set general properties, such as the caption of the oscillograph,
background colors, the color of the axis, and the color or the captions
for the x- and y-axes.
To create a new profile, click New.
Enter the name of the new profile.
Click Apply.
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4. For each item on the tab for which you want to set a color, click the
browse button ( ) next to that item. The color selection dialog box
appears.
Figure 1.33 Color Selection Dialog Box
5. Select a color and click OK.

6. When finished, click OK to close the Oscillograph Setup window.
Analog Tab
The Analog tab enables you to set the color for a maximum of 12
sources with conventional (Figure 1.34 on page 1-44) and sampled
value source (second below) power system simulators. You can also
select the width of the line (in millimeters), as well as the style of the
line.
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Figure 1.34 Analog Tab — Conventional Sources
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Figure 1.35 Oscillograph Setup — Analog Tab — Sampled Value

Sources
1. To configure the Analog display, select the color as you did on the
General Properties tab.
2. From the Width drop-down menu, select the width of the line (1 – 5
millimeters).
3. From the Style drop-down menu, select the style of the line (solid,
dash, dot, dashdot, dashdotdot).
4. Click Apply.
5. Click OK to close the Oscillograph Setup window.
Digital Output Tab

The Digital Output tab (Figure 1.36 on page 1-46) enables you to
configure the display properties of digital output in the F6150. The
output of each signal is not based on criteria.
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Figure 1.36 Oscillograph Setup — Digital Output Tab
Follow the steps above to configure the Digital Output parameters.
Digital Input Tab

The Digital Input tab enables you to configure the properties of digital
inputs criteria based on Pass, Fail, Op, NoOp, and Not Tested signals.
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Figure 1.37 Oscillograph Setup — Digital Input Tab
Test Defaults
To review test specification defaults before configuring new tests,
select Setup -> Test Defaults. The Test Defaults dialog box appears,
with the following three tabs:
• System Parameters
• Run/Auto Run
• Miscellaneous
System Parameters
Enables you to select phase rotation and names and nominal or rated
values of relay frequencies, voltages, and currents.
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Figure 1.38 System Parameters Tab
The table sets separate pass/fail tolerances for expected operating

value (Q) or operating time (T) for each type of test variable: current,
voltage, frequency, and impedance. These values are used as defaults
when a new relay function and relay test are created, but can be
modified as needed in individual tests. Percent tolerances are
overridden by an absolute minimum ± deviation: Qabsmin for deviation
in unit value results and Tabsmin for deviation in time units.
• %Q Tolerance — Percent tolerance for tests measuring
operating current, voltage, frequency, or impedance.
• %T Tolerance — Percent tolerance for time tests.
• Qabsmin. Minimum tolerance in absolute test units, which
overrides percent tolerance. Percent tolerance of a small
expected value (or zero, as in 0 Ohms) is not meaningful. For
example, it may easily be smaller than the resolution of the
F6000 source or the relay measuring circuit. Qabsmin sets a
minimum units value for ± tolerance.
• Tabsmin — Minimum tolerance in absolute time units for fast
acting relays.
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Run/AutoRun
Controls the way in which testing proceeds when test failures are
encountered.
Figure 1.39 Run/Auto Run Tab
This tab includes separate specifications for when a single test module
is run (which can test several points on a characteristic) and for when
multiple tests are run in a nonstop sequence (Auto Run).
The occurrence of a large number of failed tests may indicate a setup
problem, requiring the test to be stopped.
Click the Auto Save Test Results check box to ensure that results are
saved in Auto Run.
In the Auto Save Name section, if the name is for all test definitions,
click the Use Global Auto Save Name check box and enter a name
(or accept the default entry in the field). If the name is for a particular
test definition, do not check the box and enter a name for the test in the
field.
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Miscellaneous
Enables you to set display time formats for the program and for reports.
It also enables you to perform alarm maintenance, maintain log
settings, and set the maximum transient duration for Standard
amplifiers. The setting for Enhanced amplifiers is now continuous.
Figure 1.40 Miscellaneous Tab
• Format — Click the drop-down menus to set date and time

formats and number formats.
• Relay parameter modifications — Relay parameters can be
changed, modified, or deleted only when this box is checked.
This applies to existing relays, as well as copied and pasted
relays.
• Maintenance — Enables you to set alarms for maintenance.
You can also set the colors for approaching or overdue
maintenance.
• Log Settings — Enables you to view and set log parameters,
such as available disk space, allocated space, and the log file
path. It also enables you to clear the existing log, enable
logging, and whether to overwrite or append the current log.
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• Transient Duration — Enables you to set the maximum

Transient Duration time for Standard amplifiers. The setting for
enhanced amplifiers is now continuous.
Figure 1.41 Relay Maintenance Schedule
The value in the Next Test Due field is calculated from the Last Tested
and Test Interval values. If a test is due, a blinking button (Figure 1.42)
appears in the field. Click the button to stop the blinking.
Figure 1.42 Blinking Maintenance Button
Global Report Definitions

F6TesT includes two defined report formats: Long Definition and Short
Definition.
These formats define the items to include in the report and header and
footer information.
To modify an existing format or create a new one:
1. Choose Setup -> Global Report Definitions. The Report Template
dialog box opens (Figure 1.43 on page 1-52).
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 1-51

Figure 1.43 Report Template Dialog Box
2. Modify or create a definition.

• To modify an existing definition, select the definition name using
the drop-down menu at the top of the dialog box.
• To create a new definition, click New and enter a name in the
Report Definition text box.
3. Check items in the data tree to be included in the test report or
un-check items to be excluded.
4. Select a default page header from the Page Header drop-down
menus or enter a custom header in the Custom Page Header fields.
5. Enter text for the page footer. Optional.
6. If desired, click the Browse button to the right of the Logo field to
browse to a bitmap file to be included as a logo in the report.
7. Click Save.
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1. Introduction
8. Click Close.
Directories
This menu option is available only when no database is open. It
displays the path for the default database directory and enables you to
change the path.
To change the default database directory path:
1. Select Setup -> Directories. The Default Database Directory
dialog box appears (Figure 1.44).
Figure 1.44 Default Database Directory Dialog Box
2. Delete the current default database directory path. The OK and

Apply buttons are no longer grayed out.
3. Enter the new default database directory path or click Browse and
browse to the new directory.
4. Click Apply or OK.
Change Language
This menu option enables you to change the language used in F6TesT.
Currently, the following languages are supported:
• English
• Spanish
• Portuguese
• Simplified Chinese
• Traditional Chinese
• French
• German
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 1-53

To change the language:

1. Select Setup -> Change Language. The Language Selection
dialog box appears (below).
2. Select a new language from the drop-down menu.

3. Click OK.
Tools Menu
The Tools menu (Figure 1.45) includes the following options:
Figure 1.45 Tools Menu
NOTE! The options that appear on this menu depend on the tab that you’re
currently on.
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1. Introduction
Offline Simulation Mode

Offline Simulation Mode enables tests to be run as if an F6000
instrument and relay were connected. The feature is enabled when a
check mark appears to the left of the menu item.
Offline Simulation Mode can be used for demonstration or training. It
can also be used for creating and testing test plans when no F6000 or
relay is connected.
DB Compacting Preferences
Database compacting recovers disk space allocated to deleted records
and optimizes the location of the remaining database records.
Database compacting can be run automatically or on demand.
Repacking or compacting a large database can take a long time, so it is
done infrequently.
To set preferences for this performance feature:
1. Select Tools -> DB Compacting Preferences. The DB
Compacting Preferences dialog box appears (Figure 1.46).
Figure 1.46 Database Compacting Preferences Dialog Box
2. Select the Manual Compact or Auto Compact option.
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 1-55

• Manual compact makes the Compact Database button active so

compacting can be initiated from the dialog box.
• Auto compact makes the options in the Auto Compact Prefs
group active. You can specify that automatic compacting should
occur each time the database is closed or when it reaches a
specified size.
3. Click OK.
F6000 Software Tools

Select F6000 Software Tools to open a submenu with standard F6000
support programs. These programs enable you to configure the
instrument from F6TesT. Refer to the F6 Hardware User Guide for
more information. Some options require communication with the F6000
instrument.
Menu options include:
• F6000 Flash Loader — Calls the Flash Loader utility
(Figure 1.47) to install revised firmware in the F6000 instrument.
Figure 1.47 Flash Loader Dialog Box
• F6000 Key Code — Launches an update utility that installs

options available for the F6000 instrument (Figure 1.48 on
page 1-57). To see the list of options, select the F6000 Options
menu.
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1. Introduction
Figure 1.48 Doble F6X Key Code Upgrade Dialog Box
• F6000 IP Set — Opens a dialog box (Figure 1.49) that enables

you to enter the IP address the instrument uses for Ethernet
communications.
Figure 1.49 Set F6000 IP Address Dialog Box
• F6000 Firmware Version — Displays the current firmware

version installed in the F6000 instrument.
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 1-57

Figure 1.50 F6000 Firmware Version Dialog Box
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1. Introduction
• F6000 Options — Displays the options installed in the F6000

instrument.
Figure 1.51 F6000 Instrument Options
• F6000 CPU ID — Displays the CPU ID of the connected F6000

instrument.
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 1-59

Figure 1.52 F6000 CPU ID Dialog Box
Characteristics
Select Characteristics to open a submenu with the following options:
• Edit Characteristics — Enables you to add or change
characteristics for relay functions:
• Differential
• Over Current
• Over Voltage
• Over Frequency
• Under Voltage
• Under Frequency
• Volts per Hertz
NOTE! The original characteristic in the database need a password to be

modified. New characteristics added by the user do not need the
password.
F6TesT uses these characteristics to automatically calculate expected

values for test points.
• Characteristic Batch Copy — Enables you to copy relay
characteristics created in one database to another database.
See “Copying Relay Characteristics between Databases”
on page 2-1.
• Characteristics Cross Reference — Enables you to edit the
Characteristics Cross-reference table. See “Characteristics
Cross Reference” on page 2-3.
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1. Introduction
Relay Maintenance Schedule

This menu option enables the user to display information about relays
by manufacturer, model, and maintenance dates.
Figure 1.53 Relay Maintenance Schedule Dialog Box
Relay Mfrs & Models

Each F6TesT database has its own list of relay manufacturers and
models. This option enables you to modify this information.
To modify the manufacturer information, select Tools -> Relay Mfrs &
Models. The Relay Mfrs & Models dialog box appears (Figure 1.54 on
page 1-62).
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Figure 1.54 Relay Mfrs & Models Dialog Box
From here, you can add or delete manufacturers and model numbers.
NOTE! New model numbers and manufacturers can be added when a relay
is added to the database.
It is advisable to use the global dialog for this purpose, however, to ensure
consistent names and numbers and to avoid duplicate entries (such as
“SEL” and “Schweitzer” or “SEL321” and “SEL-321”).
To add a manufacturer:
1. In the drop-down menu, make sure that the desired manufacturer is
not already listed.
2. Click Add Mfr to add a new manufacturer. (Once a manufacturer
name is added, it can be deleted, but not edited.)
3. Add optional contact information in the Contact Information field.
4. Add a model number, if desired.
5. Click Save.
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1. Introduction
To add or change a model number:

1. Click a model number cell (either an empty cell or an existing Model
Number cell).
2. Enter an alphanumeric name. If a model number is modified, the
new model number applies to all associated relays.
3. Click Save.
To delete a manufacturer or model number:
1. Select a manufacturer or model number.
2. Click Delete.
NOTE! You cannot delete a manufacturer or a relay model if it is

associated with a relay record in the database.
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Reports
This option enables you to generate global reports for relays.
To generate a report:
1. Select Tools -> Reports from the menu bar. The Reports dialog
box appears (Figure 1.55).
Figure 1.55 Reports Dialog Box
2. Select the Report Type. Choices include:

• List of relays
• Test plan summary
• Test result details
3. From the Report Format drop-down menu, select either the long or
short definition, or select a customized format if one exists (see
“Global Report Definitions” on page 1-51 for more information).
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1. Introduction
4. To filter the report further, select any or all of the following options:
a. To display only the default test definitions for each test, click the
Default for auto run check box.
b. From the Evaluation drop-down menu, select an operating
range for the relay to further refine the data. Choices are:
• All
• Pass
• Fail
• Op
• NoOp
c. In the Date section, select All, Last Tested, or Tested Date
Range.
If you select Tested Date Range, from and to boxes appear that
enable you to select the dates to be included in the report.
Figure 1.56 Tested Date Range Selector
To select a date, click on the date in the calendar. Click the

forward or backward buttons to scroll through the months.
5. Select the tests for which you want reports. To do this:
• Click the grey box next to the relay(s) for which you want to
generate a report and then deselect the test(s) or test plan(s)
you don’t want. A red check mark appears in the grey box next
to the relay and all children (Figure 1.57 on page 1-66).
or
• Start at a lower level and select only the test(s) or test plan(s)
that you want.
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 1-65

Figure 1.57 Reports — Selected Relays
You can deselect any of the test plans, tests, or test definitions by
clicking the grey box next to the test plans, tests, or test definitions that
you don’t want included in the report. To select one test or test
definition, click the grey box next to it. The relay and test plan are
automatically selected.
6. Click Preview so see what the report looks like. Click Print to print
the report. Click Export to export the report data to a specified
format and location. The following dialog box appears, enabling you
to select the format and location to export the report data to.
Figure 1.58 Reports Export Dialog Box
7. Select the format and destination and click OK.

8. Click Close to close the Reports dialog box.
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1. Introduction
Convert Database
Software upgrades sometimes involve a change in the database
schema. As a result, a new version of F6TesT may be unable to open a
previous database. In such cases, an Invalid F6 Database error is
reported.
CAUTION! Once a database is converted to the new schema, it may not be

possible to convert it back to the old schema. It is prudent to make a
backup copy of the database before converting it.
To convert the old database to the current schema:

1. Select Tools -> Convert Database from the menu bar. The
Database Conversion dialog box appears (Figure 1.59).
Figure 1.59 Database Conversion Dialog Box
2. Use the browse button to the right of the first field to find and select
the old database.
3. Use the browse button to the right of the second field to find the
new and current master database (..\F6TesT\F6_Master.mdb)
located in the application folder.
4. Click Proceed.
The converted database can now be opened.
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Template Library
This option enables you to view F6TesT database templates, copy
entire locations or relays, and paste them into the open database.
Select Tools -> Template Library. A dialog box similar to the following
appears.
Figure 1.60 Template Library Dialog Box
To copy a location or relay:

1. Right-click with the mouse on the item and select Copy for the
context menu.
2. In the open database, select the location in the tree view where you
want to add the copy.
3. Paste the item into the location table on the right.
Click Browse to navigate to another directory.
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1. Introduction
Power System Model

The Power System Model automatically creates pre-fault, fault, and
post-fault states in SSIMUL for each fault calculation. See Power
System Model (Chapter 9) for instructions on using the Power System
Model.
Vector Calculator
See Vector Calculator (Chapter 10) for instructions on how to use the
Vector Calculator.
Help Menu
There are two selections in the Help menu:
• F6TesT Help opens this help file.

• About F6TesT displays the version number of F6TesT.
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2. Relay Characteristics
Expected operating points are determined by either a formula or a

look-up table based on manufacturer or user-entered specifications.
There are different types of characteristics. The Characteristic library,
contained in the sample database, is used to define time
characteristics (common to overcurrent, over/under voltage, over/under
frequency, and volts-per-hertz functions) and differential
characteristics. This includes characteristics defined by standard or
manufacturer- supplied equations or by user-entered lookup tables (for
example, values transcribed from published curves that have no
equation). When a relay record is created, a characteristic is selected
from the library to determine expected operating values.
Because standard mho and offset mho impedance characteristics are
common to all distance relays, they are selected and customized at the
relay level. General impedance characteristics, such as quadrilateral
and other arc-line combinations, are also defined only at the relay level.
Simple differential characteristics that are not found in the library may
also be customized at the relay level.
The F6TesT sample database includes a library of time and differential
characteristics.
Copying Relay Characteristics between Databases

Relay characteristics created in one database can be copied to another
database using the Tools -> Characteristics Batch Copy (Figure 2.1 on
page 2-2).
To perform a batch copy:
1. Enter the source database name or click Browse and navigate to
the source database.
2. Select the manufacturer from the Manufacturer Name drop-down
menu. The boxes for functions available for that manufacturer are
enabled and checked.
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3. Check the characteristics functions for display and un-check

unneeded ones. The related characteristics, including the
characteristic name, its associated equation, and the characteristic
description, appear in the left pane.
4. Click a Characteristic Name. Selected characteristics are
highlighted and appear in the right pane.
5. Click Browse and navigate to the destination database.
6. Click Perform Copy.
Figure 2.1 Characteristic Batch Copy
After the copy process is complete, you can open another batch copy
dialog box and select the previous destination database as the source
database to compare the characteristics.
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NOTE! When a relay is copied from one database to another, existing

characteristics in the target database are checked. If a characteristic does
not exist, the characteristic is copied from the source database into the
target database.
Characteristics Cross Reference

This option opens tables for editing cross-references of existing
F6TesT characteristics to characteristics being imported from other
external file types. See Importing Functions (Chapter 8).
Characteristics Library
To examine a characteristic or add a new one:
1. Select Tools -> Characteristics -> Edit Characteristics.
The Characteristics screen appears. Characteristics are arranged by
relay function and manufacturer.
Figure 2.2 Characteristics Window
2. Use the drop-down menu at the top of the window to select a relay
function. Available characteristics are displayed on three screens,
each of which can be accessed from a button at the top of the
window:
• Characteristic Equations. These are generic equations for
each function that are independent of manufacturer. They are
applied to a specific manufacturer by selecting Characteristic
Constants to set parameter values.
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• Characteristic Constants. These are characteristics that are

customized for a manufacturer and stored by function. A
general characteristic equation is selected and applied by giving
values to its parameters.
• Look-Up Table. If a relay does not have a known characteristic
equation, a table can be created to specify the characteristic.
For example, values can be entered from a published curve.
Test values are then calculated by interpolation.
Characteristic Equations
A characteristic equation is a general formula or template for equations
specific to a manufacturer and relay function. Parameterized formulas
for a function, such as overcurrent, can apply to all manufacturers and
relays.
To select an equation:
1. Select the relay function type (except Differential) from the
drop-down menu.
2. Click Characteristic Equations. The Characteristic Equations
screen appears (Figure 2.3 on page 2-5).
3. Select an equation name from the drop-down menu. The related
equation appears in the Trip time window.
If the desired equation does not exist:
1. Click New.
2. Enter the equation name in the Equation Name field.
3. Enter the equation in the equation field. Two reserved variables
must be present:
• M: multiple of pickup setting
• T: time dial setting
NOTE! If M is not required, as in definite time characteristics, add M and

then subtract M at the end of the equation.
4. Click Parse Equation & Show Constants. If the syntax is correct,

the variables or constants, other than M and T, are displayed.
5. Click Save. The new equation is added to the database, ready to
be used for creating specific characteristics.
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To copy a formula under a different name:

1. Select the equation.
2. Select Edit ->Copy.
3. Select Edit ->Paste.
4. In the Equation Name field, enter a new name.
5. Click Save.
6. Click Close.
Figure 2.3 Characteristic Equations Screen
Characteristics Constants
The next step is to define a specific relay characteristic by selecting
one of the previously defined general equations and supplying the
constants:
1. Select the relay function type (except Differential) from the
drop-down menu.
2. Click the Characteristic Constants button.
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 2-5

The Characteristic Constants screen appears (Figure 2.4).
Figure 2.4 Characteristic Constants Screen
3. Click New.
4. Select a manufacturer from the drop-down menu. If the
manufacturer is not in the list:
a. Enter the manufacturer’s name.
b. Press Tab or Enter. A dialog box appears, asking if you want to
add this name to the list of manufacturers.
c. Click Yes.
5. Enter a Characteristic Name.
6. Select a general equation from the Equation Name drop-down
menu (this is the equation on which the characteristic will be
based). The Trip Time equation and constants for that equation
appear.
7. Enter a description in the Characteristic Description field. Optional.
8. In the Time Dial Settings group, enter the minimum, maximum, and
default times.
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9. Enter the Definite Minimum Time, the multiple at which the

characteristic becomes flat, and the values of the constants.
NOTE! The value for Definite Minimum Time Starts at M= is normally on the
order of 10 to 30, particularly for IEC curves.
For definite time curves, it should be 1.0; for general inverse curves where
the value is not specific, use a high number, such as 1000.
10. Click Save. The new manufacturer-specific equation is added to the

database and is available for relay function elements.
11. Check the Display Graph box in the upper right corner of the
screen to view the characteristic. A graph for the selected

characteristics appears (Figure 2.5).
Figure 2.5 Characteristic Constants Graph
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 2-7

To show multiple graphs:

1. Click the Show Multiple check box. A list box appears under the
check box (Figure 2.6).
Figure 2.6 Show Multiple List Box
This list box enables you select the equations that you want to appear
on the graph.
2. Click Add. The following fields appear under the list box.
Figure 2.7 Add New Characteristic Dialog Box
3. Select a Characteristic Name from the drop-down menu.

4. Enter a value in the Time Dial field.
5. Click OK. The new characteristic appears in the list box above.
6. Repeat this process until you have added all necessary
characteristics.
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7. In the list box, double-click each characteristic that you want to

appear in the graph. The graph should look similar to that in the
figure below.
Figure 2.8 Multiple Graph Display
Guidelines for Characteristics

Some manufacturers have a single general characteristic for each
function in all their relays. For example, SEL uses the following
equation for all US Extremely Inverse overcurrent characteristics:
Constants apply the equation to a specific application.
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 2-9

In a case like this, it is useful to assign it a name, such as “SEL US

Curve 3 Extremely Inverse,” to identify the manufacturer and curve.
Since general curves for all manufacturers are in the same general
equation list, it is helpful to include the manufacturer’s name, especially
when comparing curves.
On the other hand, some manufacturers have overcurrent relays, each
of which uses different equations and/or constants for similar
characteristics. In such cases, it is helpful to prefix the equation name
with the manufacturer and to add a suffix using the model number or
the series model family. The table below shows examples of this
convention for three General Electric models.
Table 2.1 Same-Characteristic Equations and Constants

Characteristic Name Equation and Constants
GE Very Inverse (DFP100) Time = T * (A / (M^P – 1) + C)

A = 3.992; P = 0.02; C=0.0982
GE IEEE Very Inverse (DIAC) Time = T * (A / (M^P – 1) + C) * D
A = 19.61; P = 2; C = 0.491; D = 0.2
GE IEC Very Inverse (DIAC) Time = T * A / (M^P –1)
A = 13.5; P = 1
Look-up Table
Use a look-up table (Figure 2.9 on page 2-11) when the relay
characteristic does not have an equation.
To create a look-up table:
1. Click Look-Up Table.
2. Select a manufacturer from the drop-down menu or enter a new
manufacturer.
3. Enter a characteristic name and description.
NOTE! The lookup table characteristic is added to the list of

characteristics applied to the specified manufacturer.
If a characteristic already in the list is selected, an error is reported if the
name exists in the list of characteristics defined by a characteristic
equation. Only table-defined characteristics can be displayed and
modified in the lookup table.
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When you click outside the Characteristic Name field after entering a
new name, the Key In button is enabled (except when Differential is
selected in the drop-down menu at the top of the screen).
4. Click Key In to define the number of columns (minimum 12) and
enter values for Tap, Time Dial, and times in the table cells.
5. Click Save.
6. Check the Display Graph box to view a graph of the new
characteristic.
Figure 2.9 Lookup Table
Importing from a Spreadsheet

There are two ways to import data into a look-up table:
• Copying and pasting using the Windows clipboard
• Using the F6TesT Import function
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 2-11

To import data using the clipboard:

1. Open a spreadsheet program such as Excel.
2. Select a row-column region conforming to the F6TesT lookup table.
3. Press Ctrl + C. The spreadsheet data is copied from the clipboard.
4. Switch to F6TesT and the appropriate lookup table.
5. Click in the upper left cell of the table in F6TesT.
6. Press Ctrl + V. The spreadsheet data is pasted from the clipboard.
To use the Import function:
1. Click Import. An Open File dialog box appears.
2. Browse to the spreadsheet file.
3. Click Open. An Import Details group (Figure 2.10) appears just
below the Key In and Import buttons in the look-up table.
Figure 2.10 Import Details Group on the Lookup Table
4. Enter the Workbook Sheet Number, starting cell address (the upper
left corner of the block) and ending cell address (lower right corner).
5. Click OK.
The spreadsheet can be open during this process to make it easier to
determine the worksheet number and start and end cell numbers.
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Differential Characteristics
The Characteristic Library uses a look-up table for differential
characteristics (Figure 2.11).
Figure 2.11 Differential Characteristics Page
Expected values are usually stated in terms of differential current vs.

restraint or bias current, that is, Idiff vs. Ibias. In some cases, the
manufacturer may state the characteristic in terms of Is vs. Ip,
secondary current vs. primary. Table values can be entered in either
form and values can be viewed in either form with expected values
translated from one form to the other. It is also possible to test when
the characteristic is unknown.
To add a new look-up table:
1. Select a manufacturer.
2. Enter a name and, optionally, a description.
3. Select the differential type: Ibias vs. Idiff or Ip vs. Is.
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 2-13

4. Enter the data in the table cells.
NOTE! Ibias, Idiff, Ip, and Is are not absolute currents, but are multiples of
a reference current, Iref, defined for the specific relay function. Iref is
usually the tap setting for relays that use tap settings or the nominal
current divided by the ratio compensation for relays that use ratio
compensation.
Iref, in turn, is a multiple of the nominal current In defined for each relay
winding. (That is, currents are expressed in units of the nominal or rated
current referred to the differential measurement circuit.) For simplicity, set
Iref = 1*In.
Displaying and Comparing Relay Characteristics

After characteristics have been created using either an equation or a
look-up table, check the Display Graphic checkbox to show the
characteristic curves (Figure 2.12 on page 2-15).
The current characteristic can be compared with other characteristics
from the same or different manufacturers for any time dial setting, as
follows:
1. Check the Show Multiple check box.
2. Click Add.
3. Select a Characteristic Name from the drop-down menu.
4. Enter a time dial value. The name is entered in the list.
5. To graph the curve, click a name in the list.
6. To remove a curve, click Remove.
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Figure 2.12 Displaying and Comparing Characteristic Curves
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 2-15

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3. Creating a Relay
Many of the dialog boxes and windows described in this chapter open
with the default values defined in the Test Defaults dialog box (see
“Test Defaults” on page 1-47.
To review these settings before adding a relay to a location, select
Setup -> Test Defaults from the menu bar.
Related Topics:
• “Adding a Relay to a Location” on page 3-2
• “Relay Parameters and Functions” on page 3-3
• “Relay Parameters Tab” on page 3-4
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 3-1

Adding a Relay to a Location

To add a relay record:
1. Right-click a location in the location tree and select Append.
F6TesT displays the table view for the location and appends the
relay record in the next available row in table view. The default
record name is highlighted, indicating that the name can be
changed (Figure 3.1).
Figure 3.1 Appending a New Relay Record
2. Change the Relay ID, if desired, and enter a serial number for the
relay.
3. Press Enter. The cursor jumps to the Manufacturer (Mfg) field.
4. Select a relay manufacturer from the drop-down menu. If the
manufacturer is not included in the list:
a. Enter the number in the Model column. A dialog box appears,
asking if you want to add the manufacturer name to the relay
manufacturer list.
b. Click Yes. The cursor jumps to the Model field.
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3. Creating a Relay
5. Select a relay model from the drop-down menu. If the model is not
included in the list:
a. Enter the name in the Model column. A dialog box appears, ask-
ing if you want to add the model number to the relay model list.
b. Click Yes.
6. Press Enter.
7. Double-click the Relay Id to open the relay table view.
Relay Parameters and Functions

To define the relay parameters and functions, use the Relay Table
View. The view presents relay data in the following four tabs:
• Test Plan
• Relay Parameters
• Connections & Signals
• Notebook
To open Relay Table View, double-click the relay record in the Location
Table View.
Test Plan Tab

When table view is opened, the Test Plan tab is selected (Figure 3.2).
Test plans are not relay parameters (see Chapter 4, Creating Test
Modules).
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 3-3

Figure 3.2 Relay Test Plan Tab View
Relay Parameters Tab

Initially, the Relay Parameters tab (Figure 3.3) displays the values
entered with the Test Defaults dialog box (see “Test Defaults”
on page 1-47). These parameters are nominal frequency, voltage, and
current, and can be modified.
The maximum test voltage and current are required to limit the test to
values that do not damage the relay and that are within the range of the
F6000 sources. Note that nominal current, In, is the basis for multiples
that determine expected relay operation.
Figure 3.3 Relay Parameters Tab
To review and update relay parameters:
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3. Creating a Relay
1. Click the Relay Parameters tab.

2. Edit the parameters in the General section or the Protected Object
Parameters section at the bottom of the tab.
3. Click Apply.
Individual relay functions must be defined before any tests can be
created. The defined functions are listed in the table to the right. The
buttons below the table apply to a selected item.
There are five types of relay functions:
Time Characteristics — these include current, voltage, frequency,
and Volts/Hz (VpHz), and are linked to defined characteristic equations
or lookup table characteristics.
Generic — these can define custom variables that aid in testing relays.
Impedance — these use a mho or general characteristic selected for
each function.
Differential — these may be linked to lookup table characteristics.
Directional — these use a polarizing voltage or current to control
operation.
Connections and Signals Tab

Relay connections and signals must be configured before individual
tests can be created.
To configure the connections:
1. Click the Connections & Signals tab. The Connections & Signals
tab includes the following additional tabs:
• Analog Signals
• Digital Inputs and Triggers
• Digital Outputs
2. Click the Digital Inputs and Triggers tab to define logic inputs from
the relay to the F6000.
The two sub-tabs enable you to select the trigger inputs in Relay
level. These trigger inputs are used in each test module.
• Wired Logic Inputs
• IEC GSE Subscriptions
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 3-5

a. Enter a name in the Signal Name field.

b. Select a sense condition from the Input Type & Condition
drop-down menu.
c. If desired, enter descriptive information in the Name and
Terminal fields.
Figure 3.4 Connections and Signals Tab
3. Click Save.
4. Click either the Analog Signals tab or the Digital Outputs tab to
configure those connections:
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3. Creating a Relay
• Analog Signals — Select this tab to predefine a source

configuration in Ramp and SSIMUL test modules. This
facilitates source selection for these test modules when using a
nonstandard, predefined source configuration. Other test
modules use only automatic source configuration, and this tab
does not apply.
You can also select this tab to document a normal connection of
the relay to the power system, even if it is not used for testing.
Figure 3.5 Analog Signals
5. Click the Digital Inputs and Triggers tab to define logic inputs from
the relay to the F6000:
For wired signals go to Wired Digital Inputs:
b. Select a sense condition from the Input Type & Condition
drop-down menu.
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 3-7

c. If desired, enter descriptive information in the Name and

Terminal fields.
d. Click Save.
Figure 3.6 Wired Digital Inputs
For IEC GSE Subscriptions:

a. Select the GNn Input number
b. Enter a name in the Signal Name field, as was defined by GSE
software.
c. Enter the description of the signal.
d. Enter a Remark about this signal.
e. In the notebook area add information about the description of
the GN configuration made with GSE software.
f. Click Save.
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3. Creating a Relay
Figure 3.7 IEC GSE Subscriptions
Digital Outputs
6. If needed, assign an F6000 digital output or IEC GSE Simulations
(GPn) to change state when the test executes — for example, to
simulate a breaker close contact to the relay, allowing it to reset
when the test completes, or to simulate a transfer trip receive
signal.
For wired signals go to Wired Digital Output:
b. If desired, enter descriptive information in the Name and relay
Terminal.
c. Click Save.
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 3-9

Figure 3.8 Wired Digital Outputs
For IEC GSE Simulations:

a. Select the GPn Output number
b. Enter a name in the Signal Name field, as was defined by GSE
software.
c. Enter the description of the signal.
d. Enter a Remark about this signal.
e. In the notebook area add information about the description of
the GP configuration made with GSE software.
f. Click Save.
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3. Creating a Relay
Figure 3.9 IEC GSE Simulations
Notebook Tab
The Notebook tab provides a two-column note pad for originator test
instructions and user comments. Notebooks are available at the relay
level and for each test module.
You can document relay identification and settings or provide online
instructions for relay setup, manual calibration, and visual inspection.
You can attach a file, create a link pointing to a file, or copy the file to
the Notebook folder.
The test originator can use the Notebook tab (Figure 3.10 on
page 3-12) to enter general instructions. Later, a user can enter
comments.
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 3-11

Figure 3.10 Notebook Tab
To add comments:
1. Click the Notebook tab.
2. Enter instructions in the Originator Comments text box.
To attach a file, click Attach File. For example, an attached file can be
the relay instruction manual or a connection diagram, which is opened
from the Notebook page using an application such as Microsoft Word,
Adobe Acrobat, or Visio.
Function Window
Each type of relay function has its own set-up, displayed on a separate
screen.
To access the setup for a relay function at the Relay Parameters tab:
1. Select the function in the table on the right.
2. Click Show. F6TesT displays the window for the function. The
figure below is an example of impedance.
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3. Creating a Relay
Figure 3.11 Relay Function Screen for Impedance
A relay can have several protection functions, such as overcurrent,

directional, and differential, and each function can have multiple
elements to test. For example, an overcurrent function can have low
set (I>), high set (I>>), and instantaneous (I>>) pickup points. Low set
is usually a time-based element and high set a definite time element.
Furthermore, these elements can be applied to single-phase,
phase-phase, or sequence current.
For example, a current function (Figure 3.12 on page 3-14) shows a
matrix of possible protection elements: rows are setting elements;
columns are phase or sequence current quantities. The graph on the
right shows the protection element matrix for Impedance, where rows
are zones and columns are phase elements.
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 3-13

Figure 3.12 Overcurrent and Impedance Functions
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3. Creating a Relay
Adding a Function
NOTE! The following steps can be used to add all functions except
Impedance, for which the procedure can be slightly different. See “Adding
an Impedance Function Using the Relay Library” on page 3-16 for the
procedure.
To add a function:
1. Click Add. The Add Relay Function dialog box appears
(Figure 3.13).
Figure 3.13 Adding a Relay Function
2. Enter a descriptive function name.

3. Select the function type from the drop-down menu.
4. Click Next. The appropriate Add or Modify Function screen
appears.
5. Edit the definition in the screen.
6. Click Modify.
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 3-15

Adding an Impedance Function Using the Relay Library

The Impedance function enables you to select a relay manufacturer
and model for the function. The manufacturer and model must have a
relay library. For the latest list of manufacturers have a relay library, see
your application.
To add an Impedance function:
1. Follow step 1 and step 2 above.
2. Select Impedance from the Function Type drop-down menu. A
Relay Library check box appears (Figure 3.14).
Figure 3.14 Add Relay Function With Relay Library
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3. Creating a Relay
3. Check the Relay Library check box. A list of models for the relay
manufacturer appears.
Figure 3.15 Add Relay Function With Manufacturers and Models
If the manufacturer/model you want is not listed, check the All

Manufacturers check box. A list of all available relay libraries appears.
If the manufacturer/model you want is still not listed, refer to “Relay
Mfrs & Models” on page 1-61, for information on adding the
manufacturer relay library.
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 3-17

4. Select the relay you want and click Next. A window appears that
displays the library model window (Figure 3.16). Settings can be
modified.
Figure 3.16 Relay Library Model Window
5. Click the Back to F6TesT button. The function is created and

appears in the Relay Functions list on the Relay Parameters tab.
6. Select the function and right-click. The following pop-up menu
appears.
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3. Creating a Relay
Figure 3.17 Relay Function Pop-up Menu
7. Select Open function. The following window appears.
Figure 3.18 Relay Library — Relay Function Window
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 3-19

8. Select Edit library model from the pop-up menu. The library model
appears (Figure 3.19).
Figure 3.19 Library Model Window
9. Change the values as necessary and click Update Function

button.
Copying a Function
To create a function based on an existing function:
1. Select the function in the table on the right side of the tab.
2. Click Copy. With a copy of the selected function on the clipboard,
the Paste button is enabled.
3. Click Paste. The copy is pasted into the first available row in the
table of functions. The copy is named “Copy of...”.
4. Select the copy.
5. Enter a new name.
6. Press Enter.
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3. Creating a Relay
Time Characteristic Functions

The Time Characteristics screen (Figure 3.20) consists of Pickup
Settings table at the upper left and a graph on the right that displays the
selected settings. Buttons below the table open a windows for creating
and changing individual settings.
Figure 3.20 Time Characteristic Screen
The Pickup Settings table has columns for each possible phase loop or
sequence elements, and rows for levels of protections. In case of a
negative sequence, different relays define the setting as either I2 or
3I2. Check or un-check the box to indicate this. This will be considered
in the I-Char test module.
For current, up to five overcurrent elements are allowed: I>, I>>, I>>>,
I>>>>, I>>>>>.
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 3-21

For voltage and frequency, there are 8 levels:

• 4 low set levels: V<, V<<, V<<<, V<<<<, or f<, f<<, f<<<, f<<<<
• 4 high set levels: V>, V>>, V>>>, V>>>>, or f>, f>>, f>>>, f>>>>
For VpHz there are four levels: V/f >, V/f >>, V/f >>>, V/f >>>>.
To view a setting, select a cell in the Pickup Settings table. To change
the scaling, use the Scale Mode drop-down menu below the graph.
To add a new setting or modify an existing one:
1. Click an empty cell or the setting to be modified and select Modify.
The Modify screen appears (Figure 3.21).
Figure 3.21 Modify Screen — Adding a Pickup Setting
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3. Creating a Relay
2. From the Characteristic drop-down menu, select characteristics for

the relay manufacturer. Characteristics are limited to those defined
in the Characteristics dialog box (see Chapter 2, “Relay
Characteristics.”) for the relay manufacturer and the specific relay
function; for example, overcurrent.
3. Enter the pickup setting as either a multiple or in absolute units. The
curve is displayed on the right.
4. Click OK. You are returned to the Time Characteristic screen.
Right-clicking on the graph opens a menu that enables you to edit the
graph’s tolerance, grid lines, zooming, and scale. The composite graph
of an element is viewed by clicking its column heading. For example,
clicking the Ph-N heading when I>, I>>, and I>>> elements are present
shows a graph similar to Figure 3.22.
Figure 3.22 Composite Graph
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 3-23

NOTE! When displaying the composite graph, all elements are referred to
the lowest set element, as shown in the figure above.
Thus, if pickup settings are I> = 2A, I>> = 15A, and I>>> = 30A, then on the
graph, 3A corresponds to a multiple of 3/2 = 1.5, 15A corresponds to a
multiple of 15/2 = 7.5, and 30A corresponds to a multiple of 30/2 = 15.
Enter the Inherent relay operating time (in ms) if needed. This time
will be added to the operating time settings of each element when
calculating the expected operating times.
Enter the General Tolerances for Time and Current (or Voltage or
Frequency). The per cent tolerances may be used in the individual
element time settings. The absolute current (or voltage or frequency)
tolerance and time tolerance are used if the calculated tolerances
based on the per cent values are less than the absolute tolerances.
NOTE! Generic Relay function should be the last one to be described,

after differential.
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3. Creating a Relay
Generic Functions
The Generic function screen (Figure 3.23) enables you to define
custom variables that aid in testing relays. This screen enables you to
create the label, assign a value, select a type (voltage, current,
frequency, etc.), and enter comments. Variables can be Primary or
Secondary; values can be entered as formulas. Variables can also be
used in test modules.
Figure 3.23 Generic Function Screen
To create a variable:
1. Indicate whether the variable is to be Primary or Secondary.
2. Indicate the time unit
Double-click in the Label field and enter a label for the variable. Labels
should not be the same as any existing keyword.
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 3-25

3. Enter a value for the variable. You can enter an absolute value or
you can enter a formula.
4. Enter any comments. You can insert a comment row by using one
of the characters - #, " - as the first character in the label column.
This will not be treated as a label.
5. Select a type for the variable from the Type drop-down menu.
6. If the variable is to be used in test modules, click the gray box next
to the variable to give it visibility in the test module.
7. To automatically recalculate any changes that are made on the
Relay Parameters tab (such as VTR and CTR ratios), check
Enable automatic formula recalculation check box.
CAUTION! If you do not check this box, the values on this screen will not
be updated.
8. Click Save to save your changes.

9. Click OK to exit the Generic function screen and return to the Relay
Parameters tab.
If you append or insert rows on one side of the screen, a scroll bar
appears to the right of the columns. To display all rows without having
to scroll, click the plus sign at the top of the column of gray boxes. The
entire section is displayed (Figure 3.24 on page 3-27).
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3. Creating a Relay
Figure 3.24 Generic Function Screen — All Rows Displayed
To return to the previous display, click the minus sign.
Impedance Functions
The Impedance Function screen (Figure 3.25 on page 3-28) includes
an Operating Time table on the left, with up to eight distance zones and
columns for zone elements to test phase quantities.
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 3-27

Figure 3.25 Impedance Function Screen
Enter the Protected Line Impedance data, if known. This is used for
optionally drawing a line on the R-X diagrams. The angle value is also
used as a default when defining the characteristic angle of the
individual zone elements.
To modify an existing zone element, select its column in the table and
click Modify. The curves for each zone element are superimposed on
the graph.
To see the curves one at a time, select a cell and check the Show
Selection Only check box.
To add a new zone:
1. Click in an empty cell.
2. Click New Zone. The Add or Modify Zone dialog box appears
(Figure 3.26 on page 3-29).
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3. Creating a Relay
Figure 3.26 Adding a Zone
3. Select Mho or General from the Characteristic Type drop-down

menu.
4. For Ph-N impedance elements, enter the residual compensation in
one of the three modes, depending on the relay setting
(Figure 3.27).
Figure 3.27 Modes of Residual Compensation
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 3-29

5. Enter the zone characteristics:

a. For mho, enter the Forward Reach and Offset from Origin
(Figure 3.28).
Figure 3.28 Modifying a Mho Characteristic
b. For General, use the General Characteristic screen (Figure 3.29

on page 3-31).
To add a new zone element:
1. Click in the cell where you wish to add the element.
2. Click Modify. The Add or Modify Zone dialog box appears.
3. Continue with step 3, above.
To delete a zone:
1. Select the elements to be deleted.
2. Click Delete.
3. Click Yes.
General Characteristic
Use the General Characteristic screen to construct a variety of closed
shapes bounded by arcs and lines to represent an operating
characteristic, such as a quadrilateral or mho characteristic with
blinders.
If you select General in the Characteristic Type drop-down menu of the
Add or Modify Zone dialog box, the next display is the General
Characteristic screen (Figure 3.29 on page 3-31). Use the buttons and
columns to define lines and arcs.
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3. Creating a Relay
Figure 3.29 General Impedance Characteristic Screen
• Line Segments — A Line Polar segment is defined by point

coordinates and the slope of a line passing through it. The angle
is measured with respect to 0×, pointing east in the diagram.
For example, column 1 is Line Polar, with the point at Z = 0
ohms, –q = 0×, and slope = -6×; that is, a line going through the
origin in a southeasterly direction. For Line Cartesian, the point
is defined by its R-X coordinates; the slope is the same.
• Arc Segments — Add a circular arc segment, in either polar or
Cartesian form, by defining the center of the circle (point
coordinates), the radius (in ohms), and the starting and ending
angles. Enter line and arc segments in sequence, starting with
any segment, moving to the next adjacent segment
counterclockwise. This corresponds to the table columns from
left to right. Selecting a column and clicking Insert adds a
segment before the selected column. Selecting a column and
clicking Delete deletes the column pair.
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 3-31

• Predefined Shapes — You can select a predefined shape

(quad, triangle, bullet, lens, or tomato), enter relay setting data,
and the characteristic line and/or arc segments are
automatically added to the table. For example clicking the first
Quad button in the figure above displays the dialog box below.
Figure 3.30 Predefined Shapes Quad Button Dialog Box
When you enter the relay data and click OK, the segments are added
to the table, after first clearing the previous contents. You can edit the
settings further by inserting, appending, or deleting line or arc
segments and/or changing the values.
Enter the Inherent relay operating time (in ms) if needed. This time
will be added to the zone operating time settings when calculating the
expected operating times.
Enter the General Tolerances for Impedance and Time. The per cent
tolerances may be used in the individual zone time settings. The
absolute impedance and time tolerance are used if the calculated
tolerances based on the per cent values are less than the absolute
tolerances.
Click Advanced Z-time Curve Settings in the Impedance Function
screen to display a dialog box that enables you to define how the
operating time slows down as it approaches the zone reach point
(Figure 3.31 on page 3-33). This is used to calculate the maximum
acceptable operating time in the Z-Time test module.
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3. Creating a Relay
Figure 3.31 Advanced Z–Time Curve Setting
Directional Functions
Overcurrent relays can have directional elements, which use a
polarizing voltage or current to control operation. The function is
defined in the Directional Function screen (Figure 3.32 on page 3-34).
The screen includes a table of values for each phase and a phasor
diagram that shows the relationship between the operating and
polarizing quantity.
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 3-33

Figure 3.32 Add or Modify Directional Function Screen
To configure a directional relay function:

1. Select the function in the Relay Functions table.
2. Click Show. The Add or Modify Direction Function screen appears
(above).
3. Check the Phase check box at the top of the column for each phase
to be tested.
4. Modify the settings in the table. Make selections from the
drop-down menus in the first two rows and enter data directly into
the fields of the other rows.
5. Display each test by clicking its option button to the right of the
phasor diagram.
6. Click Close.
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3. Creating a Relay
7. Click Yes to save your changes. You are returned to the Relay
Functions window.
Differential Functions
To configure a differential relay function:
1. Select the function in the Relay Functions table.
2. Click Show. The Differential Relay Function screen appears
(Figure 3.33). The screen has two tabs:
• Differential Function
• Compensation Settings
Differential Function Tab
The screen opens with the Differential Function tab displayed
(Figure 3.33) and no test elements defined.
Figure 3.33 Differential Function Screen
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 3-35

To configure the function:

1. Set the reference current to 1. The reference current is a multiple of
In, the nominal relay current specified on the Relay Parameters
window.
2. From the drop-down menu in the Ibias or Restraint calculation
group, select an applicable formula for the relay (or select
Unknown).
3. Fill in parameter values for a, b, and c for the formula.
To enter low set and high set pick-up values in the table:
1. Select a pickup cell in the Differential Settings table.
2. Click Modify. The Modify Differential Setting and Characteristics
screen appears for setting pick-up values (Figure 3.34).
Figure 3.34 Setting Pick-up Values
3. Enter the minimum operate current or the pickup setting.

4. Enter the nominal relay trip time.
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3. Creating a Relay
5. From the Characteristics drop-down menu, select the

characteristics applicable for the relay. The drop-down menu
includes characteristics previously defined in the characteristics
lookup table (see Chapter 2, “Relay Characteristics”). If no
characteristics are defined for the relay:
a. Select General Ibias vs. Idiff, General Ip vs. Is, or Unknown.
b. Enter the data points for the characteristics in the same way as
for a characteristic in the differential lookup table.
6. Enter the tolerances.
7. Click OK. The Differential Function tab appears again. The graph
(Figure 3.35) shows the composite characteristic (lower curve),
including the pickup setting, low set, and high set (if present). If the
bias formula is Unknown, no graph can be shown.
Figure 3.35 Graph with Boundary of the Restraint Region
Compensation Settings Tab

To configure Compensation settings:
1. Click the Compensation Settings tab (Figure 3-31).
2. Select the 1-Phase or 3-Phase option button.
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 3-37

3. Select the number of relay windings from the drop-down menu.

4. Select whether the settings are entered in primary or secondary
values. When entered in primary values, it is important to enter the
CT primary current and the Nominal secondary current for each
winding.
Note that, for differential functions, the CT ratios in this tab are
used, not the CT ration under the Relay General settings.
5. Modify the nominal current for special applications, such as 1A for
Winding 1 and 5A for Winding 2. Default is the value stated in Relay
Parameters.
6. If necessary, enter ratio compensation and tap setting for each
winding.
Entering ratio compensation automatically calculates the tap setting,
and, conversely, entering the tap setting calculates the ratio
compensation.
Figure 3.36 Compensation Settings Tab in the Differential Function Window
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3. Creating a Relay
7. For a three-phase relay, select the vector compensation required,

depending on the wye-delta configuration. Most three-phase
numerical relays compensate for the Sqrt(3) factor for wye-delta
vector compensation. In this case, leave the box checked.
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 3-39

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4. Creating Test Modules
Test Plans
The Creating Test Plans section describes how to add test plans and
tests to a relay, as well as how to define individual test modules. The
relay parameters and functions and their characteristics must first be
defined as described in Relay Characteristics and Creating a Relay. A
relay can have multiple test plans, each test plan can have one or more
tests, and each test, in turn, can be defined with multiple test
definitions.
To create a test plan:
1. Expand the location tree to find the desired relay.
2. Right-click the relay and select Append from the pop-up menu.
F6TesT adds the new test plan to the first available row in the Test
Plan tab. The default plan name, New Test Plan, is highlighted,
indicating that the name can be changed (Figure 4.1 on page 4-2).
The name also appears in the location tree under the selected
relay.
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 4-1

Figure 4.1 Adding a Test Plan to a Relay

4. Press Enter.
Tests
Adding tests to a plan is similar to adding test plans to a relay.
To create a test:
1. Expand the display of the relay in the location tree and select the
test plan. The tests already configured for the plan appear in the
Test tab in Table View.
2. Right-click the test plan (or anywhere in Table View) and select
Append from the pop-up menu. The new test is added to the first
available row in the Test tab. The default name, New Test Module,
is highlighted, indicating that the module name can be changed
4-2 72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013

Figure 4.2 Adding a Test to a Test Plan

4. Press Enter.
5. Select one of the supported tests (Table 4.1 on page 4-4) from the
drop-down menu in the Test Type column.
6. Press Enter.
7. Enter a test description in the Comments column.
Comments can be changed later; the Test Type cannot be changed.
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 4-3

Test Types
Table 4.1 Supported Test Types
Test Type Description
DiffChar Searches for boundary points using characteristics of a

current operated differential relay.
Directional Manipulates polarizing and operating quantities to search
for directional lead, lag, and maximum torque angle.
Extern Launches a user-specified program in the specified drive
and path. Also connects to a relay.
I-Char Measures operating time of an overcurrent element at
selected test points, evaluating each test point (pass/fail)
based on expected time.
Notebook A two-section notepad for test instructions, comments,
and so on. Files can be attached for viewing with other
software; for example, a Microsoft Word or Adobe Acrobat
document containing schematics or manufacturer
instructions.
Ramp Uses linear ramp of source value to find operate points
similar to ProTesT; for example, tests for relay pickup,
relay drop out, synchronization, directional test, or voltage
regulator test.
SSIMUL A state simulation test that approximates a real fault
event, with stepped steady-state values of voltage and
current.
VF-Char Measures operating time of an overfrequency/overvoltage
or underfrequency/undervoltage element at selected test
points, evaluating each test point (pass/fail) based on
expected time.
VpHzRamp Tests the pickup and dropout of Volt per Hertz relays by
simultaneously ramping the voltage amplitudes and
frequency.
WaveSim Transient simulation for Classical power swing, User
specified load, faults, dz/dt, Zs and Transient Ground
Fault
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Test Type Description
Z-Char Searches for zone characteristics of a distance element,

using a binary search method. At a given test angle, a
sequence of test points searches along a radius from the
center of the R-X plane.
To test a static mho characteristic, use Constant Current
or Constant Voltage.
To test the dynamic or expanded characteristic, use
Constant Source Z and enter power model values for
source impedance.
ZMTA Impedance Maximum Torque Angle applies only to
mho-type characteristics and is a special form of the
Z-Char test. The sequence of test values sweeps out
circular arcs with their center at the R-X diagram origin
rather than searching along radial lines.
Z-Time Measures operating time of a distance element for
selected test points and evaluates each test point based
on expected time. It is used for testing characteristic
boundary points of a distance relay zone and for plotting
the operating time for faults along a fixed angle.
Test Definitions
After creating a test, you need to create one or more test definitions.
The test definition enables you to set parameters for a test; without the
definition, a test can’t be run. You can set up multiple test definitions
and select one to use for each test. When there are multiple definitions,
one is selected as the default to be used by AutoRun.
If no test definitions exist for the test, go to step 4.
To set up a test definition:
1. In table view, double-click the test record.
a. If the test does not have any definitions, the Save Test Definition
to dialog box appears (second, below). The test definition that
you create automatically becomes the default.
b. If the test has existing test definitions, the Test Definitions dialog
box opens (directly below), listing the current test definitions.
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 4-5

Figure 4.3 Test Definition Dialog Box
2. If necessary, select Create Test Definition in the Test Definitions

dialog box (above).
3. Click New. The Save Test Definition to dialog box appears
(Figure 4.4 on page 4-7) with the Set as Default check box is
checked; if you do not want the new test definition to be the default,
un-check this box.
4-6 72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013

Figure 4.4 Save Test Definition Dialog Box — Set as Default
4. Enter a test name in the Test Definition Name field.

5. If you plan to use AutoRun, enter a test name to which the test
results will be saved and, optionally, a description.
6. Click OK. The definition tabs appear.
If you are opening an existing test definition, select Open Existing Test
Definition and click Open. A screen appears with the test definition.
The layout of the screen depends on the selected test type, but usually
includes several tabs for defining various aspects of the test model.
The tabs are discussed in the following order:
• Test Elements
• Test Configuration
• Test Points
• Measurements
• Test Tab
• Reports
• Notebook
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 4-7

Test Elements Tab

Use the Test Elements tab to select a relay function and check the
elements to be tested. The available selections include only elements
previously defined for the relay function in Relay Parameters. At least
one element must be checked.
• Overcurrent
• Impedance
• Directional
• Differential
• WaveSim
Overcurrent
The figure below shows the Test Elements tab for overcurrent. Select
the overcurrent function from the drop-down menu and click the
elements to be tested.
Figure 4.5 Overcurrent Test Elements Tab
Impedance
The figure below shows the Test Elements tab for impedance tests.
Select from the Zone elements defined for that function under Relay
Parameters.
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Figure 4.6 Test Elements Tab for Impedance Tests
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 4-9

Directional
Figure 4.7 shows the Test Elements tab for a directional test. Select a
phase or sequence element.
Figure 4.7 Test Elements Tab for Directional Test
Differential
Figure 4.8 shows the Test Elements tab for differential tests.
Figure 4.8 Test Elements Tab for Differential Tests
4-10 72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013

For differential tests, F6TesT performs tests on a pair of windings at a

time.
1. Select a function name from the drop-down menu.
2. Select the primary and secondary windings from the drop-down
menus. Some relay types require that the winding with the higher
tap setting be tested as the primary.
3. Check the low set and high set elements to be tested.
WaveSim
The figure below shows the Test Elements tab for WaveSim test
module. Select Impedance Function and Zones elements for testing in
this module.
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 4-11

Test Configuration Tab

The Test Configuration tab has several buttons at the top of the page,
depending on the test type selected:
Fault Calculation
Test Timing and Trigger
For time characteristics Selection
Digital Outputs
Source Configuration
Test Method
Test Timing and Trigger
For impedance test modules Selection
Digital Outputs
Test Method
For WaveSim test module Digital Output
Fault Calculation Button

When Fault Calculation is selected, the layout of the screen varies
depending on the selected characteristic.
Overcurrent Time Characteristics

Use the Fault Calculation window for overcurrent time characteristics to
enter values for polarizing and some operating quantities.
4-12 72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013

Figure 4.9 Fault Calculation Tab for Overcurrent Time Characteristics
Fault Calculation automatically uses the nominal voltage defined under

Relay Parameters as the default pre-fault voltage. Normally, the test
current is the user-entered test current or is calculated based on the
test point multiple of setting. A pre-fault current can also be entered;
the actual test current takes this into consideration. The maximum test
current is automatically calculated based on the relay parameter values
previously entered, but may be changed to a lower value. The
maximum also depends on the instrument limits. Ph-N voltage values
are used for testing AN, BN, and CN elements, while Ph-Ph, 3Ph
values are used for testing AB, BC, CA, and ABC elements.
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 4-13

If 3I0 or 3I2 elements are enabled and they share a common output
contact, checking the box "For Ph-N fault limit 3I0 and 3I2 to" and
entering a number such as 5% of Ifault will adjust the non-faulted
currents such that the calculated values of 3I0 and 3I2 will only be 5%
of the faulted phase current. This will avoid unwanted operation of the
3I0 and 3I2 elements and will not interfere with testing the Ph-N
elements.
For testing 3I0 elements, the voltages are based on an A-Ph-N fault
when polarizing is derived internally from 3 phase, but the currents are
all zero sequence. This prevents other elements from operating.
Similarly, for 3I2 or I2 elements, the voltages as also based on an
A-Ph-N fault, but the currents are pure negative sequence, to prevent
operation of other elements.
F6TesT calculates the actual test values output by the test instrument.
The polarizing voltage or current applied here is used only for testing
time overcurrent response and to do a quick directional test by applying
a forward or reversed fault; more accurate directional response is
tested in a separate module.
4-14 72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013

Voltage and Frequency Time Characteristics

Use the Fault Calculation screen (Figure 4.10) for voltage and
frequency time characteristics to enter the values for polarizing and
some operating quantities.
Figure 4.10 Fault Calculation Tab for Voltage and Frequency Time Characteristics
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 4-15

Directional Characteristics
Use the Fault Calculation screen (Figure 4.11) for directional
characteristics. Pre-fault current is zero. Fault Calculation automatically
uses the nominal voltage defined under Relay Parameters as the
default pre-fault voltage.
Figure 4.11 Fault Calculation Tab for Directional Characteristics
The operating and polarizing quantities for zero-sequence and

negative-sequence elements are entered separately. The type of
operating and polarizing quantities determines how the voltage and
current outputs are calculated. If separate output sources are used, the
values entered are output directly.
4-16 72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013

The Z0/Z1 ratio determines the ratio of derived polarizing voltage,

V0/V1 or V0/V2. A higher value results in higher zero-sequence voltage
compared to negative sequence voltage. This can prevent the
negative-sequence element from operating when testing the
zero-sequence element when a common trip output is used. Similarly,
a lower value of Z0/Z1 gives more negative-sequence voltage and can
prevent the zero-sequence element from operating when testing
negative-sequence elements.
Differential Characteristics
Figure 4.12 shows the Fault Calculation screen for Differential
characteristics.
Figure 4.12 Fault Calculation Tab for Differential Characteristics
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 4-17

Expected restraint and operate values, or primary and secondary

currents, Ip and Is, are determined based on a bias formula and
characteristic lookup table. Decide on the characteristic format, Idiff vs.
Ibias or Ip vs. Is, and select the test method.
Idiff vs. Ibias

This is available only if the Ibias equation is defined in the relay
parameters. The test applies different levels of bias current and varies
Idiff around the expected operate point to measure pickup and search
for the actual operating point. F6TesT calculates the necessary values
for F6000 current sources, injecting Ip and Is to create the bias and
differential. Select which way to apply the test:
• Set Ip at 0° and Is at 180° (Idiff = the sum) or set both Ip and Is
at 0° (Idiff = the difference).
• Set Ip at 0° and rotate the angle of Is from 90° to 180°. The test
proceeds by applying an initial bias and changing Idiff from a
restraining value by a binary search into the expected operating
region. The search proceeds up and down to find the boundary
between restraint and operation.
Is vs. Ip
The test applies fixed levels of one source and varies the other, starting
in the middle of the restraint region where high side and low side
currents are balanced. Ip is set at 0° and Is at 180°. This can be done
in the following two ways, or a combination of both:
• Fix Ip and search for Is. On a graph of Is vs. Ip (Figure 4.13 on
page 4-19), this detects the lower boundary of the restraint
region.
• Fix Is and search for Ip. This detects the upper boundary of the
operate region, using lower Is current than would be required if
Ip were held constant. If the combination is selected, two tests
are performed, first fixing Ip, then fixing Is, to map out both
upper and lower boundaries of the restraint region, as shown.
The restraint region is bounded between the upper and lower curves
4-18 72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013

Figure 4.13 Is vs. Ip Graph
To perform this test:

1. Fill in the maximum test current, either in multiples or in amperes.
2. Indicate whether a voltage must be applied.
3. Enter the search accuracy for the test.
4. To speed up the binary search, leave the Ignore Characteristic
During Search check box unchecked if the actual results are
expected to be very close to the theoretical values. For unknown
characteristics or a guessed reference characteristic, binary search
may be faster if the box is checked.
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 4-19

Test Method Button
Impedance Characteristics
Figure 4.14 shows the Test Configuration tab for impedance tests with
the Test Method button selected.
All Z characteristics (Z-Time, Z-Char, ZMTA) allow three methods of
testing:
• Constant Current
• Constant Voltage
• Constant Source Z
Use this tab to select a method and specify pre-fault values and
methods for relay polarization or initializing.
Figure 4.14 Impedance Test Method Parameters
4-20 72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013

Constant Current
A fixed test current is applied and voltage is calculated, corresponding
to the impedance. Set the maximum test voltage (Max. Acceptable
Voltage). For a remote fault (high impedance), the required test voltage
may be too high, so F6TesT automatically limits the voltage to the
maximum specified value and recalculates the test current
corresponding to the impedance of the test point. If this occurs, the
background for the Actual test value field in the Test tab becomes white
Constant Voltage
A fixed test voltage is applied, for phase-neutral or phase-phase tests,
and current is calculated corresponding to the test point impedance.
Set the maximum test current (Max. Acceptable Current), which must
be within the limits of the F6000 sources. For close-in faults (low
impedance), the required test current may be too high, so F6TesT
automatically sets the test current to this limit and recalculates the test
voltage. If this occurs, the background for the Actual test value field in
the Test tab becomes white (Figure 4.15 on page 4-22).
Constant Source Z
Fill in the source impedance values (second, below) in the power
system model, which calculates voltage and current quantities for each
impedance test point. A maximum current is specified, which limits the
test for close-in faults. If the test point requires a current that exceeds
this limit, the backgrounds for the Actual Voltage and Actual Current
fields in the Test tab become white (Figure 4.15 on page 4-22). These
points are not tested and have a result of ITH, meaning the current is
too high. This test method tests the dynamic or expanded mho
characteristics.
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 4-21

Figure 4.15 White Background in Actual Value Field
Figure 4.16 Constant Source Impedance
4-22 72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013

Separate Arc Resistance

Some ground distance relays, particularly quadrilateral characteristics,
require a separate calculation for the arc resistance (Figure 4.17).
Check the appropriate boxes to do this. When using separate arc
resistance, the directional line may not be at the correct angle. In this
case, check Test Directional Line and test the directional line test
points. These apply to the Z-Char and Z-Time test modules.
For a Z-Char test module, enter the percent Search Acc. Leave Ignore
Reference Characteristic During Search unchecked, so that testing
uses the expected value and tolerance to speed up the search. When
Ignore Reference Characteristic During Search is checked, the search
starts from the midpoint of the test line (Figure 4.17).
Figure 4.17 Separate Arc Resistance Settings
DC Transients and Fault Inception Angle

F6TesT as a default (Minimum Offset) starts the fault state at a fault
inception angle to make the DC transient zero, except for three-phase
faults. Select Maximum Offset (Figure 4.18 on page 4-24) to calculate
the fault inception angle so that the current starts at 90°. A fixed fault
inception angle starts the fault at the specified fault voltage angle. For
phase-to-phase faults it uses the angle of the phase-to-phase voltage.
Random starts the fault state at random fault inception angle values
within the specified range of angles.
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 4-23

Figure 4.18 DC Transients Settings
The time constant, L/R, allows the current to change smoothly from
zero value to realistically simulate real-world conditions and controls
the rate at which the DC transient decays.
4-24 72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013

WaveSim Characteristics
The figure below shows the WaveSim Test Configuration tab.
Figure 4.19 WaveSim Test Configuration Tab
Test Method
1. Click the Test Method button
2. From the Type of Simulation drop-down menu, select the type of
simulation you want to use in the test. Choices include:
• Classical power swing : constant | E |, f, Z
• User-specified load, faults, dz/dt, Zs
• Transient Ground Fault
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 4-25

3. In the Time Unit section, select the time unit to be used for the test.
Choices include:
• Seconds
• Milliseconds
• Cycles
4. From the CT Direction drop-down menu, select the starting point.
Choices include:
• Towards Bus
• Towards Line
5. Indicate whether Values are Secondary or Primary.
Test Timing and Trigger Selection Button

The figure below shows the controls displayed when the Test Timing
and Trigger Selection screen is selected. Select at least one pickup
signal from the triggers defined under Relay Parameters. If the relay
has a single trip output, the same trigger can be used for each phase
tested.
4-26 72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013

Figure 4.20 Test Timing and Trigger Parameters
• Maximum Fault Duration is the amount of time to wait before

NoOp (no operation) is recorded for each test point.
• A second Maximum Fault Duration is specified as a multiple
of tmax, the maximum expected operating time. This is
particularly useful for limiting the time duration for test points
with high currents and a fast operating time to allow the program
to automatically select transient current mode for the
high-current test points and continuous mode for lower currents
with longer operating times.
For example, if there are test points that require 40 A current
with a maximum expected operate time of 30 cycles, enter a
multiple of 1.5 to limit the duration to 45 cycles.
Fault Duration multiple overrides the Maximum Fault Duration
as long as it is smaller.
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 4-27

• Time Between Shots is the wait between test points, with the
fault no longer applied, to allow the relay to reset.
Digital Outputs Button

The Digital Outputs button enables users to set digital output in each
test module based on test requirement.
Figure 4.21 Digital Outputs Dialog Box
Source Configuration Button

This displays a dialog box that enables you to configure sources as:
• Conventional Sources
• Sampled Value Sets Only
• Combination of Sources (Mixed Mode)
Conventional Sources
In all test modules, except Ramp and SSIMUL, F6TesT automatically
sets the source configuration of the test instrument according to:
• Instrument Model
• Value of the Required Test Injection
• Test Module Type
4-28 72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013

To view the source configuration, click the Source Configuration button

(usually on the Test Configuration tab). F6TesT opens a separate
Voltage and Current Sources dialog box (Figure 4.22) to display the
configuration.
Figure 4.22 Voltage and Current Sources Dialog Box
Instrument Model
The figure below shows the source configuration for the F6150 and the
F6150A for three voltages and a current on the left bank and three
currents on the right bank.
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 4-29

Figure 4.23 Sample Source Configuration for the F6150 and the
F6150A
The F6150A model has one less amplifier on both the left and right
banks. For more information on F6000 sources, refer to the F6
Hardware User Guide. In simulation mode, you can select either the
F6150 or the F6150A.
Value of the Required Test Injection
For current values up to the maximum continuous range, F6TesT uses
a normal mode; for higher currents, F6TesT uses the transient mode
current. A transient source current for phase A is shown on the PC
screen as IA but displayed on the F6000 instrument as TA.
NOTE! To enable the F6150 to use transient current whenever applicable,

click the Maximized output Va check box. If any of the state durations
(particularly the expected fault state) does not exceed the maximum
transient duration (default is 1.5s, but it can be changed by the user), then
the transient current sources will be used.
Test Module Type

F6TesT automatically configures the F6000 sources according to the
following:
• Z-Time, Z-Char, ZMTA. Three voltages on the left bank and
three currents on the right bank.
4-30 72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013

• VF-Char. Three voltages.
• I-Char and Directional. At least three voltages and three

currents for fault types AN, BN, CN, AB, BC, CA, ABC and
Negative-Sequence, as shown below, plus the operating and
polarizing quantity for zero-sequence and negative-sequence
directional relays, if required. The polarizing quantity may be an
internally derived voltage from the three-phase voltages, in
which case a fourth source on the left-hand bank is not required,
or it may be a separate voltage (VP) or current (IP) source. The
operating current may be internally derived from the
three-phase currents or may be a separate source (IN).
The figure below shows the configuration for a separate
polarizing current (a separate polarizing voltage is shown as
VP) and a separate operating current.
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 4-31

For the I-Char test module, user-defined source configuration is also

available for testing at high currents up to 180 A (by paralleling current
sources) and low-amplitude high-burden relays (using the convertible
sources on the left bank), as shown below. For F6150A, only two
currents may be combined. Under these configurations, testing is done
only for Ph-N and I0 fault types. If both left-hand and right-hand
currents are configured, only the left-hand currents follow the test
currents. The right-hand currents should, however, be shorted and not
left open.
4-32 72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013

• DiffChar. Six currents for three-phase relay testing and two

currents for single-phase relay testing, all on the right-hand
bank. A single voltage is used if the Use Voltage option is
checked in the Test Configuration tab.
Sampled Value Sources

In F6TesT v3.0, sampled value sources are enabled for Ramp and
SSIMUL test modules. F6TesT 3.11 adds support for sampled values
for other test modules, except for WaveSim. This tab enables you to
test using only conventional sources, only sampled value sets (SV), or
a combination of sampled value sets and conventional sources.
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 4-33

Sampled Value Sets Only

To select sampled value sets only:
1. Click the No Conventional Sources check box.
2. Click the grey check box to enable or disable the desired sampled
value sets. A red check mark indicates that the set has been
selected.
3. Select any individual SV source and right-click to display or hide it
(Figure 4.24).
Figure 4.24 Selecting SV Sources with Enable/Disable Pop-up

Menu
4. Click OK. The Voltage and Current Sources dialog box closes and
the resulting data appears in the Test tab (Figure 4.25 on
page 4-35).
4-34 72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013

Figure 4.25 Test Tab With Configured SV Sources
Combination of Sources (Mixed Mode)

To perform a test using both conventional sources and sampled value
sets:
1. Select conventional sources, as usual.
2. In the IEC 61850 Sampled Value Sources section, select the SV
streams or individual sources, as described above.
3. Click OK. The Voltage and Current Sources dialog box closes and
the resulting sources appear in the Test tab.
Using Sampled Values Sources with Other Test Modules

When using sampled values in other test modules, such as Differential
and Z-Time, select the SV set(s) that will be used for the main test
signals. Other signals may be required to be present by the relay under
test, and also may need to be enabled.
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 4-35

Figure 4.26
Figure 4.27
Test Points Tab

The Test Points tab in the Test Definition screen applies to time
characteristic tests (I-Char, VF-Char), Z-Time, and Differential. After
you choose test elements and select fault calculation and triggers,
choose test points.
4-36 72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013

Time Overcurrent Test Points

Figure 4.28 shows the Test Points tab for Time Overcurrent tests. The
Test Points List group shows tabs for all possible fault types; only those
selected under Test Elements are enabled. The graph shows the
reference characteristics and the test points for the selected tab. The
view is similar for voltage and frequency tests, except for the additional
selection of undervoltage, overvoltage, or frequency.
Figure 4.28 Test Points Tab
The Test Points List group has several fault type tabs that can be active
or inactive. Only fault type tabs that have relay elements activated are
active. On each active Test Points tab, you can add test points in
several ways:
• On the graph. Double-click on the graph or click once and then
click Add Point to List.
• One at a time. Enter either multiple or amplitude in the edit area
and click Add Point to List.
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 4-37

• Multiple points in an arithmetic sequence.

1. Click Add Multiple Points. The Add Multiple Test Points dialog box
appears (Figure 4.29).
Figure 4.29 Add Multiple Test Points Dialog Box
2. Enter the Start Value, End Value, and Step Value. The value is
stated in either multiples or units, depending on the current scale
selected at the lower left.
3. Click OK.
Z-Time Test Points
Test points are selected to capture operation anywhere inside a zone
or near zone boundaries, based on the zone tolerances (Figure 4.30
on page 4-39). Select a series of points along a radius that travels
through the zones: just inside Zone 1, just outside Zone 1 (in Zone2),
just inside Zone 2, just outside Zone 2 (in Zone 3 or no operation if
there is no Zone 3).
4-38 72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013

The easiest way to do this is to click Add Boundary Test Points. Then
enter From Angle, To Angle, and Delta angle. In the two-zone case
shown below, test points are generated for each angle at 95% and
105% of each zone boundary. The graph displays the points as dots
and an x for an expected NoOp point. Using the Add Boundary Test
Points button allows the test points to be defined as a percentage
relative to the zone elements.
Figure 4.30 Fault Calculation for Z-Time Test Points
To add a single pair of boundary test points:

1. Click the Add Boundary Test Points button.
2. Enter the angle. Use the same value for 'from' and 'to'. For
example: from angle=45, to angle=45, delta =0
3. Select the desired zone and click Apply. This uses the absolute
minimum impedance tolerance for the calculation
The resulting test point table (Figure 4.31 on page 4-40) shows the
details for each point, including angle,%Zone, and expected operating
time.
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 4-39

Figure 4.31 Fault Type and Test Points List
Points can be added one by one using one of the following methods:
• Double-click on the graph.
• Click on the graph, then click Add Point to List.
• Enter values of R and X, then click Add Point to List. Pressing
Enter or Tab before clicking Add Point to List moves the graph
cursor to the desired position on the graph.
• Enter values of Z and Angle, then click Add Point to List.
• Select the desired zone from the drop-down menu, enter values
of Angle and %Zone, then click Add Point to List. This method
defines the test points in relative terms of the specified zone.
To test the borders of a quadrilateral characteristic, select points on
either side of a border, both inside and outside the zone boundary, as
shown in Figure 4.32 on page 4-41.
4-40 72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013

Figure 4.32 Determining the Borders of a Quadrilateral Characteristic
To perform a timing test for various fault locations along the line, select
the zone and enter test points at a fixed line angle at different values of
%Zone (Figure 4.33 on page 4-42).
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 4-41

Figure 4.33 Selecting Fault Locations along a Line
On the Test tab, select the R-X Plane or Z–T Plane option button in the
Graph Type area at the left (Figure 4.34 on page 4-43) to change the
view. Z-T Plane shows the Z-vs.-time characteristics.
4-42 72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013

Figure 4.34 Z-T Plane
Differential Test Points

In the Test Points tab for Differential tests (Figure 4.35 on page 4-44),
test points can be added one at a time or as a sequence of multiple
points. Regardless of how the test is specified, Idiff vs. Ibias or Is vs. Ip,
the graph can be displayed in either format. In the Idiff vs. Ibias graph
shown, the lower line shows the restraint boundary; values of Idiff
below this are restraining, values above should cause relay operation.
The dashed line represents the maximum value of Idiff that satisfies the
Ibias equation for any Ibias value.
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 4-43

Figure 4.35 Test Points Tab for Differential
The Ip vs. Is view shows the primary-side and secondary-side

compensated currents in the differential measuring circuit. The Ip vs. Is
view (not enabled for three-phase) shows the primary-side and
secondary-side uncompensated injection or actual test currents. As
bias points are added, the expected Idiff pickup is calculated, along
with a range of minimum and maximum values based on the tolerance
limits defined for the relay.
To add a single test point, enter a value of Ibias current and click Add
Point to List. Alternatively, you can add multiple points as described in
“Time Overcurrent Test Points”, at the beginning of this topic.
When both low set and high set elements are being tested, it is
recommended that test points in both regions of operation be selected,
especially near the breakpoint or knee where the slope increases. For
a multiphase relay, the test points selected apply to all phases tested.
When the graph displays the Ip versus Is plane, the value of Ip is
entered in either the Multiple of Iref or Amperes field (Figure 4.36).
4-44 72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013

The corresponding value of Is is calculated based on the curve.

Calculations are based on the lower curve; the upper curve is a mirror
image of the lower curve.
Add a point to the lower curve to add a mirror point to the upper curve.
Figure 4.36 Ip vs. Is Plane
Z-Char Test Lines

The Z-Char test performs a binary search along a test line between the
start of the test line and the other end of the line to find the operating
point. The test is repeated at a sequence of lines to verify the relay
characteristic (Figure 4.37 on page 4-46).
To specify the test points:
1. Select Radial Lines as the Test Line Method.
2. Enter the Test Line Origin Point. The default is the R-X origin (0, 0).
For radial lines, all test lines emanate from the specified Test Line
Origin Point, which must lie within all zone characteristics, the
default of which is the R-X diagram origin (0, 0). The end of each
test line is the graph boundary.
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 4-45

3. Define a test line by entering the From Angle, the To Angle, and the
Delta Angle. A maximum of four arcs can be defined so that finer
angle steps can be used near the MTA.
Figure 4.37 Z-Char Test Lines, Radial Lines
To define test lines one by one:

1. Select User Drawn Lines as the Test Line Method.
2. Use the mouse cursor to select a starting point and an ending point.
3. Click Add Test Line.
The line must intersect at least one zone characteristic. A point is
added only to zones where the test line intersects. Test lines can also
be entered directly and/or modified in the table in either polar or
rectangular form.
User Drawn Lines (Figure 4.38 on page 4-47) is useful when testing
more complex characteristics, such as quad or bullet.
4-46 72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013

Figure 4.38 Z-Char Test Lines, User-Drawn
Test Graph Features

This section describes additional features of the test graph:
• Changing points using the test graph
• Modifying display properties of the graph
Graph Pop-up Menu

Right-click anywhere in the test graph to display a pop-up context
menu for setting the graph properties (Figure 4.39 on page 4-48).
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 4-47

Figure 4.39 Pop-up Menu for the Test Graph
Table 4.2 describes the functions available from the graph pop-up
menu.
Table 4.2 Graph Pop-Up Menu Options

Change Scale Opens the Graph Scale dialog box for manually setting
the scale. If performed in the Test Points or Test Lines
tab, the scale changes can be saved together with the
rest of the test.
The scale changes affect a general fault type. For
example, canges made in the scale for fault type Ph-N
affect fault types AN, BN, and CN but not other fault
types, such as AB, BC, CA, and ABC.
Scale changes made in the Test tab are generally not
saved. However, for test modules (as ZMTA) that have
no Test Points or Line Points tab, but have only a Test
tab to show the graph, changes to scale made in the
Test tab can be saved.
Polar Grid Displays a sub-menu for specifying which grid lines
are to be displayed: x-axis, y-axis, or both.
In some test modules, the polar grid can be selected.
R-X Grid In impedance modules, the graph is displayed in an
R-X grid. R (Resistance) is the horizontal axis, and X
(Reactance) is the vertical axis.
4-48 72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013

Setup Opens the Graphics Setup dialog box to set properties

for the individual test graph. This dialog box is
selected from the Setup menu to define default
properties for all test graphs, as described in Graphics
Setup.
When used at the test level, the new settings remain
only while the test is open. The graphics properties
then revert to the default settings.
Show Test Lines Shows the test lines when Test tab is enabled.
Tolerance When checked, displays the characteristic tolerances.
Maximize Graph Enlarges a graph to fill the entire display window.
Restore Graph Restores a graph to its original size.
Zoom In When checked, enables zoom-in mode. Clicking on
the graph zooms in on the graph.
ZoomOut/Unzoom When checked, enables zoom-out mode. Clicking on
teh graph zooms out the graph. Selecting ZoomOut
also disables ZoomIn.
Show Reference The characteristic of relay under test. The relay will be
Characteristic tested with respect to this characteristic. By default,
this option is checked
Show Actual • Straight line between points
Characteristic • Curved line between points
Draw Protected Line Displays the protected line impedance.
Impedance
NOTE! The options that appear in the graph pop-up menu depend on
whether you're on the Test tab or the Test Points tab.
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 4-49

Maximizing Graphs
To maximize graphs, right-click on the graph and choose Maximize
Graph (Figure 4.40). To restore a maximized graph to its default size,
choose Restore Graph.
Figure 4.40 Maximizing Graph
4-50 72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013

Maximizing Test Tables

To maximize test tables, right-click on the table and choose Maximize
Table (Figure 4.41). To restore a maximized table to its default size,
choose Restore Table.
Figure 4.41 Maximizing Table
Selecting and Highlighting Test Points

Cursor actions in the graph are reflected in the test points table, and
vice versa:
• Click a single test point in the graph to highlight the
corresponding point row in the table.
• Click a point in the table to highlight the point in the graph.
• Scrolling up or down the table with the arrow keys in the table
changes the current point on the graph.
Deleting Test Points

To delete a point on the Test Points tab in an I-Char, VF-Char, Z-Time,
or DiffChar test module:
1. Select a point and click Delete Selected Point.
2. Click Yes.
For example, if a test point on the Ph-N tab is deleted, the associated
test points for AN, BN, and CN on the Test tab are also deleted.
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 4-51

Clicking Delete All Points eliminates all points that belong to the
currently displayed fault tab in the Test Points tab, as well as on the
Test tab. For example, deleting all test points on the Ph-Ph tab deletes
all points in the Test tab for fault types AB, BC, and CA.
The Z-Char test module does not have a Test Points tab, but it does
have a Test Lines tab.
To delete duplicate test points on the Test tab:
1. Select a test point.
2. Click Delete Selected Point.
Editing Test Points

The values of Texp, Tmin, and Tmax are calculated automatically
based on the relay characteristics and the tolerances:
• To override a value, double-click and mark the value with the
cursor and type a new value. If the original value is NoOp, use
the backspace key to delete it before entering a new value. The
entries are validated in such a way that Tmin should not be
more than Texp and Tmax should not be less than Texp.
• To increase all the values, enter Tmax first, then Texp and Tmin.
To decrease the values, modify Tmin first, then Texp and Tmax.
• To enter a value of NoOp (no operation), double-click the cell
and type the letter N (either uppercase or lowercase).
In ZMTA, only the ±Tolerance column can be edited.
In Directional, Expected Values of MTA, Lead and Lag, and ±Tolerance
columns can be edited.
When changes are made to expected values and tolerances, the error
and Eval field will also be recalculated.
NOTE! If the functionparameters are changed and you want to apply

the changes and recalcualte the expected values in the Test Elements
tab, the changes made manually will be overriden by the newly
calculated values.
F6TesT version 3.11 supports editing the expected values and

tolerances is DiffChar and Z-Char test modules.
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Sorting Test Points

Test points are initially ordered according the way they were added to
the test points list.
To sort the test points, click the column heading to be used as the sort
key. This arranges the points in ascending order. Only one sort key
may be used at a time.
Sorting may be done in either the Test Points tab or the Test tab.
Sorting is done all at once for each fault type group. That is, sorting
fault tab BN also sorts fault tabs AN and CN in the Test tab as well as
fault tab Ph-N in the Test Points tab. Similarly, sorting fault tab Ph-Ph in
the Test Points tab automatically sorts fault tabs AB, BC, and CA in the
Test tab.
Depending on the test module type the columns may be sorted as
follows:
Test Type Sort Key Available
Z-Time Z, Angle, Zone Name

Z-Char Zone, Zexp, Angle
I-Char x Iset, Itest(A), or Texp
V-Char x Vset, Vtest(V), or Texp
F-Char x Fset, Ftest(Hz) or Texp
DiffChar Any of the current columns
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Measurement Tab
The following figure shows the WaveSim Measurements tab.
Figure 4.42 WaveSim Measurements Tab
1. Click Insert to add a row of data between two existing rows.

2. Click Append to add a row of data after the last row.
3. Select a row and click Delete to remove the row.
4. Click Clear Results to clear the fields.
5. In the Error to be calculated field, click Percentage to display
results as percentages or Absolute to display results as the actual
numbers. Note that the column headings for -Tol[%], +Tol[%], and
Error[%] change to indicated whether values are percentages or
absolutes.
6. Click No Error Calculation or No Evaluation check boxes to
remove or restore the Error and Eval columns from the display.
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Test Tab
The Test tab (Figure 4.43) shows test points, expected values, and the
record of actual test results with pass/fail evaluation, depending on the
test type. Once Test Elements, Test Configuration, and Test Points
have been defined, the Test tab is the only tab that you need to use
when running or rerunning a test.
Figure 4.43 Test Tab in the Test Definition Window
Phasor Diagrams
The phasor diagram (Figure 4.44 on page 4-56) is a separate window
opened from the Test tab that shows the voltage and current phasors
and their values for each test point, before, during, or after testing.
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Figure 4.44 Phasor Diagram
To view a Phasor diagram, click the Show Phasors check box and
select a test point.
• If separate external sources are selected from the I0 tab, the
source column can include Vpol, Ipol or Iop.
• If internally derived quantities are selected, the derived
quantities are shown below the source table (Figure 4.45).
Figure 4.45 Derived Quantities Table
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The fault voltages may be shown in wye or delta. The pre-fault voltages
and the symmetrical components of voltages and currents may be
displayed by checking their associated boxes.
This applies to the Z, I-Char, VF-Char and Directional test modules.
The Differential and SSIMUL test modules have different phasor
diagrams. Ramp does not have one.
I-Char and VF-Char Time Characteristics

The Test tab is the same for current, voltage, and frequency time
characteristics (Figure 4.46 on page 4-58). The graph shows passing
test results as green squares on the characteristic graph and failed test
results in red. The Test Points and Results table shows the details for
each test point, copied from the Test Points tab, along with the actual
time result, %Error, and Pass/Fail evaluation. If a test has no results,
these columns are empty.
In an I-Char test, a check box in the lower left is labeled Voltage
Output. For a directional overcurrent relay, voltage polarization is
required for pickup. Un-check the box to suppress the voltage to see if
the relay operates or restrains. This is a quick check to verify the
directional element.
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Figure 4.46 Test Tab for I-Char
Directional Test
The objective of the directional test (Figure 4.47 on page 4-59) is to
find the boundary of operation and no operation of the relay, which
should be near the specified lead and lag angles from the MTA.
Defaults are Lead = MTA + 90°, Lag = MTA – 90°. A binary search is
performed using a series of test shots to find the lead and lag operating
points. A test shot consists of a pre-fault state and a fault state. The
MTA is calculated by getting the arithmetical average of the actual lead
and lag values.
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Figure 4.47 Test Tab for a Directional Test
Select the relay elements to test and F6000 source to use (for
example, IA for testing Phase A, even for an ABC, AB, or CA fault).
An AB fault has fault currents IA and IB, which can cause both relay
elements A and B to operate. If a common output contact is used for
both elements, only F6000 relay current IA should be checked when
testing element A, to prevent element B from interfering with the test.
Both IA and IB may be checked if each element has a different output
contact.
The graph on the right displays the expected directional characteristics
and the voltage phasors for a selected fault type. The fault voltage and
polarizing voltages are highlighted. When the test runs, performing a
binary search, the operating current phasor is assumed to be at the
same angle as the moving test line. At the end of the search the actual
lead, lag, and MTA lines are drawn.
While the test is running, the graph displays the currently running fault
type.
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When the test is not running:

• Click an element tab (A, B, C, Zero Seq, or Neg Seq) to show
the first fault type that is checked. Otherwise, it shows the first
fault type in the list.
• Right-click the graph to select from the pop-up menu other fault
types for viewing (above).
• Use the controls below the graph to reorient the graph by
selecting the reference quantity and its angle with respect to the
horizontal.
All other lines and phasors are drawn relative to this reference. The
actual angles of the F6000 test currents and voltages may be different
from those shown on the graph. They can be viewed by checking the
Show Phasors box to display the phasor diagram, as well as on the
F6000 display.
Differential Test
The Test tab for a Differential test shows test points plus actual test
results, %Error, and pass/fail evaluations. Test points appear as
follows:
• Green squares for points that passed the test
• Red dots for points that failed the test
• x for points that have not been tested
Figure 4.48 on page 4-61 shows a Test tab for a Differential test.
4-60 72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013

Figure 4.48 Test Tab for a Differential Test
Before running a test, select a phase by checking the boxes for the
relay elements to be tested. During testing, F6TesT will target the
selected phase element. The ABC box will simulate three-phase faults
during testing.
An Is vs. Ip test that tests both upper and lower boundaries of the
restraint region appears like the one in the figure below. The middle
line (where Ip = Is and Idiff = 0) is the center of the restraint region; the
upper and lower curves bound the restraint region. Values outside
should cause the relay to operate.
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 4-61

Figure 4.49 Test Tab with Ip vs. Is Selected
To display the test phasors during or after the test, check the Show
Actual Currents and Phasors check box to open the Phasors screen
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Figure 4.50 Separate Screen for Phasors and Currents
The following figure shows two different phasor diagrams for

three-phase testing:
• The screen on the left when Relay currents are selected
• The screen on the right when Differential current is selected
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 4-63

Figure 4.51 Phasor Windows for Three-Phase Testing
Testing Relays with Unknown Characteristics or Bias Equations

If the bias equation or characteristic of the relay, or both, is not known,
no expected values can be calculated. Low set and high set pick-up
values can, however, be defined at the relay level. With any of these
unknowns, testing can be performed only using the Ip vs. Is reference
and the last three test methods. Test points are defined in the usual
way by entering values of Ip, but without Exp, Min, and Max values.
Actual test results are shown in the tables and plotted on the graph, but
there is no error calculation and no pass/fail evaluation (Figure 4.52 on
page 4-65).
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Figure 4.52 Testing Relays with Unknown Characteristics or Bias Equations
Z-Time Test
The figure below shows the Test tab for a Z-Time test. Test points are
plotted on the graph together with the reference characteristics. The
table on the left shows the details for each point, copied from the Test
Points tab, along with the operate time and Pass/Fail evaluation, if test
has been performed.
To see additional results, drag the table scroll bar to the right:
• %Error, the actual zone which operated (based on the operate
time)
• Test voltage and current that were applied
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Figure 4.53 Test Tab for Z-Time Test
The Z-Time characteristic graph for test points along a common angle,
typically the line angle, can be shown before or after testing by
selecting the Z-T plane (Figure 4.54 on page 4-67).
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Figure 4.54 Test Tab with Z-T Plane Selected
NOTE! To perform a Spiral test, click the Spiral option button in the Run
Tests group in the bottom left corner of the tab.
Use a Spiral test to show a large number of test points, starting from
the center and proceeding outward in a spiral manner until the graph
area is filled. If no testing has yet been performed, no test points are
shown.
The number of horizontal and vertical divisions of the graph can be
selected before running the test (Figure 4.55 on page 4-68).
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Figure 4.55 Test Tab with Spiral Test Selected
Z-Char Test
The Test tab for Z-Char (Figure 4.56 on page 4-69) graphs results as
dots (circles, squares, diamonds, and so on) for each of the zones. The
table shows the details for each point:
• Expected test points
• Actual test points found by the binary search
• Pass/Fail evaluation
• Actual voltage and current for each point
NOTE! In some cases, duplicate test points exist due to common zone
boundaries.
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To delete points on the Z-Char Test Points tab:

1. Select the point.
2. Click Delete Selected Point.
3. Confirm the deletion in the dialog box that appears.
Figure 4.56 Test Tab for Z-Char
ZMTA Test
The Z Maximum Torque Angle (ZMTA) test applies only to mho
characteristics. The test is a special form of Z-Char test module,
applying a fault arc sweep (instead of straight test lines) over a range of
angles, from outside to inside the static zone of protection. Like all Z
tests, the pre-fault and fault conditions are specified with the Test
Method button in the Test Configuration tab.
The Test tab graph (Figure 4.57 on page 4-70) displays the calculated
expected MTA and the lead and lag angles on the zone boundary.
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Figure 4.57 Test Tab for a ZMTA Test
When the test runs, the first test probe is at MTA + 45°. After each reset
time (specified on the Test Configuration tab, Test Timing and Trigger
Selection screen, Time Between Shots field), the test angle is adjusted
closer to the MTA and the test is rerun until the difference in angle
between successive test probes is less than the specified search
accuracy angle. The test then shifts to MTA – 45° and finds the other
boundary.
The test sequence is run for each zone selected for test. The simple
average of both lead and lag angles gives the calculated MTA, which is
compared to the expected. The expected MTA or characteristic angle
for the relay is defined at the relay level in the Add or Modify Zone (or
Mho Characteristic) dialog box (see “Impedance Functions”
on page 3-27).
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WaveSim Test
The WaveSim test module is used to simulate power swing to test
blocking or tripping functions in relays.
The WaveSim Classical Power Swing type test is configured in the Test
tab (Figure 4.58).
Figure 4.58 WaveSim Classical Power Swing Type Test Tab
To configure the WaveSim test:

1. Select Limit current amplitude to or Specify Electrical center.
2. Click Refresh Graph.
3. Click Display Waveform. An oscillograph similar to the following
appears.
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Figure 4.59 WaveSim Oscillograph
4. Make any necessary changes and click Apply.

5. Click Close to close the oscillograph.
For more information on using the oscillograph, refer to “Oscillograph
Setup” on page 1-38.
The WaveSim – User-specified load, faults, dz/dt, Zs type test is
configured in the Test tab (Figure 4.60 on page 4-73).
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Figure 4.60 WaveSim User-specified load, faults, dz/dt, Zs type Test Tab
To configure it:
1. Select several impedance points, using mouse clicks on the R-X
diagram, specifying the rate-of-change by which the impedance
moves smoothly between points, and how long a point may stay
stationary at a certain location to simulate a fault or load condition.
For swings the rate-of-change of impedance, dz/dt, is slow and for
faults the movement can be very fast or instantaneous.
2. Click Refresh Graph.
3. Click Display Waveform. An oscillograph similar to the following
appears.
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Figure 4.61 WaveSim Oscillograph
Ramp Test of Voltage, Current, Phase Angle, or Frequency

The Ramp Test (Figure 4.62 on page 4-75) performs a steady-state
pick-up or drop-out test by ramping an Action quantity from an offset
value toward a limit value. Ramping may be smooth, stepped or
pulsed, and may be a single ramp or double ramp. Ramping may be
performed manually or automatically. Ramping also includes a feature
that automatically runs successive smooth ramps to find the
rate-of-change of frequency (or voltage or current).
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Figure 4.62 Test Tab for a Single Stepped Ramp Test
Action quantity may be one of the following:

• Voltage amplitudes
• Current amplitudes
• Voltage phase angles
• Current phase angles
• Frequency of voltage and/or current
To set up a Ramp:
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 4-75

1. On the Test Configuration tab, select Auto Ramp, Rate of change,

or Manual Ramp.
Figure 4.63 Test Configuration Tab
2. Select Voltage, Current, or Frequency.

3. Select either Amplitude or Phase Angle. If you selected
Frequency in step 2, these fields are disabled.
4. Select Stepped or Pulsed. If you selected Frequency in step 2, the
choices are Stepped and Smooth.If you selected Manual Ramp in
step 1, this option is not available.
A stepped ramp is a simple linear ramp that proceeds in staircase
fashion (Figure 4.64) with its rise and run set on the Test tab.
Figure 4.64 Stepped Ramp
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A pulsed ramp returns to offset or pre-fault after every ramp step; the
step size, pulse duration and wait between pulses are set on the Test
tab (Figure 4.65 on page 4-77). Pulsed ramp is useful for testing
high-set overcurrent elements to avoid thermal damage to relays. It
also more closely simulates relay dynamic behavior.
Figure 4.65 Pulsed Ramp
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A smooth ramp is a straight line ramp with its slope set on the Test tab
(Figure 4.66).
Figure 4.66 Smooth Ramp
5. Enter the Number of Ramps; a single ramp is one that extends from
an offset toward a limit; a double ramp starts from an offset, ramps
toward a limit, stops on relay pickup, waits a specified time, and
ramps back in the opposite direction to dropout. You may add a
timer here for Frequency ramps.
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6. Click the Source Configuration button to change the sources

listed in the source table of the Test tab. For more information on
using the Voltages and Current Sources dialog box, refer to “Source
Configuration Button” on page 4-28.
Figure 4.67 Source Configuration Dialog Box
To create a current linear ramp, select an F6000 source configuration.

The Sources table changes accordingly, adding or deleting rows to
correspond to the number of voltages and currents, with source signals
named VA, VB, VC, IA, IB, IC, and so on.
• The Limit value determines when the ramp stops, if the relay
has not already output a trip signal. For current, the limit value
(or the offset, whichever is higher) also determines the source
range required for the Action source. Normally an offset
somewhat below the expected pickup and a limit not too much
higher is used. If the relay does not operate, a NoOp result is
recorded.
• An action multiplier is available in the Amplitude column of the
source table in the Test tab. The form is A*n, where n is a
constant from 0.001 to 1000, in increments of 0.001.
7. Click the Digital Output button to specify logic outputs. For
information on using the Digital Outputs dialog box, refer to “Digital
Output Dialog Box” on page 4-95.
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 4-79

8. On the Test Configuration tab, select a trigger name from the

drop-down menu (defined on the Connections & Signals tab; see
“Connections and Signals Tab” on page 3-5) to identify which
F6000 input is used and the transition, such as Open to Close.
9. Specify the Delay and Duration.
These values enable the trigger signal to be conditioned to ensure
a solid pickup by the relay. When each ramp step occurs, the F6000
can disable the trigger input for the sense Delay time, to allow relay
output to stabilize. Once the signal input is armed, if a trip signal
occurs, a sense Duration timer is started; if the trip signal drops out
before the timer expires, no trip is recorded. This allows
debouncing of contact chatter. These values are sometimes useful
for older electromechanical relays to allow the ramp to yield a good
test result. Numerical relays do not require this, so Delay and
Duration can normally be set to zero.
10. For pulsed ramps, specify the value to use between test pulses
and, if appropriate, the decaying DC component of current pulses.
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11. On the Test tab, in the Sources table, enter pre-fault and Action
settings for volts, amperes, phase angles (Ph-N), and frequency.
The ramp quantity is identified in the Action portion of the table by
entering A for Action in the appropriate cell; for example, for a
current ramp, Action is entered in the amplitude field for IA. An
action multiplier can be used in the Amplitude and Frequency
columns; the form is A*n, where n is a constant from 0.001 to 1000,
in increments of 0.001. For phase angle ramp, one phase must be
Action and a relative phase angle action like A-120 or A+75 may be
entered for other phases.
NOTE! Context-sensitive mouse right-click features are available to

speed up entry of amplitude, phase angle and frequency settings.
Right-click features also work with the State Simulation Module.
12. Fill in the parameters that control the Action ramp:

Offset and offset duration (length of time to remain at the offset before
the ramp begins) values can be zero or some pre-fault value for
current; for voltage, normal pre-fault voltage would normally be used,
but zero or other values may be used also. For frequency, enter normal
frequency or another value closer to the expected frequency.
• Delta value and Delta Time specify the ramp increments; each
step is held for Delta Time before the next step. This allows the
relay to detect the change.
NOTE! A ramp can go either up or down. For example, a current ramp can
start low (load current) and ramp to a high limit (fault current), or a voltage
ramp can start high (normal voltage) and ramp down toward a lower limit
(undervoltage fault). For a negative ramp direction, enter a negative Delta
value.
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• The Limit value determines when the ramp stops if the relay has
not already output a trip signal. For current, the limit value (or
the offset, whichever is higher) also determines the source
range required for the Action source. Normally an offset
somewhat below the expected pickup and a limit not too much
higher is used. If the relay does not operate, a NoOp result is
recorded.
Pulsed Ramp
For a Pulsed ramp there are three additional Action details: Initial
Current, Pulse Duration, and Wait (Figure 4.68 on page 4-82).
Enter the offset and offset duration as you would for a simple ramp; this
should be a normal, non-operating value. The Initial Current should be
set close to the pickup setting. The ramp proceeds from there to the
limit. Pulse Duration should be long enough for the relay to react. After
each pulse, the test value returns to the offset or pre-fault value for a
Wait time, which should be long enough for the relay windings to cool
down and for the relay to return to a quiescent state before the next
incremental pulse.
Figure 4.68 Action Details for a Pulsed Ramp
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Double Ramp
Enter parameters for double ramp Action (Figure 4.69) in the same
manner as for a single ramp. After the Ramp 1 Limit, enter a Wait time
to allow relay output to stabilize before starting Ramp 2 in the opposite
direction. The wait time begins when the trip signal occurs. Ramp
amplitude can either start low, go higher, then go back down, or it can
start high, go lower, then go back up.
Figure 4.69 Action Details for a Double Ramp
13. Select time units in cycles, milliseconds, or seconds. Changing the

time units converts all time values to the selected unit.
14. If desired, set a Pre-fault Duration.
In the Measurements table, enter a descriptive name for Test
Objective, the expected value (setpoint), and ± tolerance percentages.
The error can be selected to display as % or units. The expected
values are named variables, Exp1 and, in a double ramp, Exp2, which
can be used in formulas in the Action table, the Worksheet, or in the
3rd row of of the measurement table, where the default formula of
Exp1/Exp2 is used to calculate the dropout-to-pickup ratio or pickup
-to-dropout ratio. (You can change this default formula.) The same
formula calculates the actual ratio.
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Ramp Rate-of-Change
The Action quantity for Rate-of-change may be frequency, voltage
amplitude, or current amplitude.
Figure 4.70 Ramp Type
It consist of a series of smooth single ramps starting from a starting

ramp rate up to an end ramp rate, the ramp rate being incremented by
a delta ramp rate. For example, for a frequency relay with a nominal
frequency of 60Hz, set to operate at a ramp rate of -2Hz/s and at
frequency between the nominal frequency and an underfrequency of
58Hz, F6TesT can be set as shown in Figure 4.71 on page 4-85.
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Figure 4.71 Test Tab
The first of a series of ramps starts at a frequency of 60Hz and ramps

down to 58Hz at a Start df/dt rate of -1.96Hz/s. If the relay does not
operate the ramp rate is changed to -1.961Hz/s (= -1.96 + (-0.001))
and another test performed. If the relay still does not operate the ramp
rate is further change to -1.962Hz/s and the test rerun again. Until the
relay operates, more ramps are performed up to the End df/dt rate of
-2.2Hz/s. if at some intermediate point, the relay operates, the test is
stopped and the actual ramp rate is recorded. The actual frequency at
which the relay operated is also recorded.
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VpHzRampTest – Volts per Hertz Ramp

VpHzRamp is a special ramp test module designed to test pick-up and
drop-out of Volt per Hertz relays by simultaneously ramping the
amplitude and frequency of the voltage sources (Figure 4.72). The
voltage sources are limited to three in the current version.
Figure 4.72 VpHz Ramp
To configure this tab:

1. Enter the pre-fault voltage and frequency. This calculates the initial
value of Volts per Hertz.
2. Enter the ramp time steps (delta t).
NOTE! Changing the value of delta t at a later time also changes the value
of dV/dt and df/dt.
3. Enter voltage steps (delta V) or the rate of change of voltage (dV/dt)

in Ramp Parameters. Entering one calculates the other.
4-86 72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013

4. Enter the voltage limit.

5. Enter the frequency step (delta f) or the rate of change of frequency
(df/dt).
Changing one calculates the other. The frequency limit, which
depends on the frequency rate of change and the voltage limit, is
calculated along with the V/f limit and maximum duration of the
ramp.
The Delay and Duration triggers are similar to those of the standard
ramp.
6. In the Measurements area, enter the Volts/Hertz at which the relay
is expected to pick up or drop out.
The tolerances can be entered in percent or in absolute values of V/Hz.
The equivalent voltage and frequency levels are calculated. After
running the test:
• The relay’s operating frequency and voltage are measured.
• The value of Volts/Hertz is calculated.
• The error is calculated and an evaluation is made.
The graph of the V/Hz ramp (Figure 4.73 on page 4-88) can be shown
any time after the Action conditions are entered. The graph shows the
expected and actual results using vertical lines that intersect the
voltage, frequency, and Volts/Hz curves.
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Figure 4.73 V/Hz Ramp Graph
SSIMUL Test – State Simulation

The SSIMUL test is similar to the SSIMUL macro in ProTesT software.
It uses stepped sine wave quantities to simulate an evolving fault,
represented by more than 500 states. A maximum of six voltages (or
converted currents) and six currents of conventional sources can be
used and independent timer sense events can be recorded.
For SV sources, a maximum of three SV sets (each with a maximum of
four voltages and four currents) can be used. Combinations of
conventional and SV sources can be done with up to two SV sets (16
sources) and eight conventional sources.
SSIMUL may optionally be linked to Relay Parameters or functions;
however, it can use the signal triggers defined on the Digital Inputs and
Triggers subtab of the Connections & Signals tab (see “Connections
and Signals Tab” on page 3-5). When an SSIMUL test is created, a
Test tab with one pre-fault state is provided. Additional states must be
added for fault and post-fault.
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Unlike other test modules, SSimul can be linked to multiple functions of

different types and multiple Generic functions. Formulas using
keywords and labels from those functions can be used in the Test tab
and Measurement tab as well as the Worksheet.
Figure 4.74 Linking to Multiple Functions
The SSIMUL test is configured in the Test tab (Figure 4.75).
NOTE! Context-sensitive mouse right-clickfeatures are available to

speed up entry of input in the State Simulation Module.
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 4-89

Figure 4.75 Test Tab for an SSIMUL Test
To set-up a SSIMUL test:

1. From the Source Configuration drop-down menu in the upper right,
select an F6000 source configuration.
When the test is run, synchronized amplitude and phase transitions
occur on each state change, approximating a realistic fault
condition.
2. In the table for the first state, enter amplitude, phase, and
frequency.
State No. 1 is normally the pre-fault state, representing normal
secondary injection to the relay or relay panel being tested.
4-90 72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013

a. If the same frequency applies for all states, leave the box
checked. The frequency appears only in State 1. It is possible to
have different frequencies for each of the sources.
b. If the frequency is to change during the test, uncheck the box. A
frequency column appears for each state. When the box is
unchecked, the frequency becomes the same for all sources.
Changing the frequency of one source changes the frequency
of all sources.
NOTE! Instead of entering a number in the amplitude, phase, and

frequency fields, you can enter INH (inherits) to indicate that a parameter
in the current state is the same as that of the preceding state.
3. Enter the Maximum Duration for the state. The time unit can be
selected as cycles (referred to the relay’s nominal frequency),
milliseconds, or seconds. The minimum duration for each state is
zero and the maximum is 2147s.
When moving from one state to the next, after expiration of the time
duration and if the instantaneous amplitude value of a preceding
state current source differs from the new state, a DC component is
produced in the currents such as when moving from a prefault to a
fault condition. The DC component decays at a rate dictated by the
specified L/R Time constant. Normal values are 50ms to 70ms for
high-voltage transmission systems and 25ms to 45ms for
distribution systems. The time constant increases for locations
close to generating stations.
When no trigger transition is specified, the state runs for the
specified maximum duration. When a Trig Transition is specified
and the trigger condition is met during execution of a state, the state
ends immediately and transitions to the next state.
A trigger can be selected from digital inputs, LN1 through LN8 or
one of the triggers previously defined at the relay level. The trigger
sense condition can be selected for triggers LN1 through LN8 but
not for predefined triggers.
4. Click Append State to add a state to the right end of the table or
click Insert State to insert a state to the left of a selected state.
5. In each new state table, enter an amplitude and phase for each
source, the state duration, and a descriptive state name in place of
the default name. If most of the values are the same as another
state, use copy and paste of contiguous cells.
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The Test tab in the figure above shows four states for the sources
named in the source table. Normally, three states can represent
simple pre-fault, Fault, and Post-fault (breaker operate) conditions.
Here, the fourth state represents a reclose into restored normal
conditions (transitory fault). A different scenario could be reclosure
into a fault condition, with a fifth state for breaker operation. Multiple
reclosures can be used to test lockout after a number of failed
reclosures.
To bring a state in view in the table, either:
• Use the horizontal scroll bar to move the display right and left.
• Use the arrows to the right of the State No/State Name field to
select the state.
To delete a state, select any cell in the state and click Delete State.
Fault Rotate
The Fault Rotate button applies to three-phase voltages and/or
currents only. For an ABC phase rotation, the previous values of phase
A go to phase B, the previous values of phase B go to phase C, and
the previous values of phase C go to phase A.
Display Phasors
The Display Phasors button opens a dialog box with a phasor diagram
for each state (Figure 4.76 on page 4-93).
Insert Fault or Append Fault

To add a fault using the Z-Time user interface for adding test points,
use Insert Fault to insert (two or three) states before the selected state
or Append Fault to added them after the last state. This is available
only if the current relay has impedance functions. Refer to “Z-Time
Test” on page 4-65 for details for adding test points.
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Figure 4.76 SSIMUL Phasor Diagram Window
Only three states can be displayed at one time. Click a state in the
State table to display it and the next two states.
To change the graphic properties of the display:
1. Right-click in any of the three phasor displays. A pop-up menu
appears (above).
2. Select either Wye or Delta for the voltage display.
3. To set the line style and colors for individual voltages and currents,
select Phasor Display Property. The Phasor Line Properties
dialog box (Figure 4.77 on page 4-94) appears.
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 4-93

Figure 4.77 Phasor Line Properties Dialog Box
4. Select the desired sources, line styles, and colors.

5. Click OK.
Time Units
Select or change the time units displayed for state duration: seconds,
milliseconds, or cycles. Any previously entered values are converted to
the display units.
Run Mode
Select the Run Mode from the drop-down menu.
Start Now — Starts state playback as soon as the Run button is
clicked.
GPS Go At — Enters a GPS time code when the test is run, to
determine when playback begins.
GPS Preset Until — Asserts the pre-fault condition immediately, but
playback of succeeding states waits until the appointed satellite time.
Use GPS Go At or GPS Preset Until when performing
satellite-synchronized, end-to-end testing.
NOTE! Satellite-synchronized testing requires voice contact with the crew

at the other end to agree on a common start time and confirm that a GPS
antenna is connected.
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Digital Output Dialog Box

In the Digital Output dialog box (Figure 4.78), select digital outputs
defined for the relay and set the value for each state of SSIMUL:
1. From the Signal Name drop-down menu, select the name of the
signals that you want to see. A blue line appears across the
columns to the right.
2. Click the blue line in the first state. The first level displayed is low;
that is, the default status defined on the Digital Outputs sub-tab of
the Connections & Signals tab (see “Connections and Signals Tab”
on page 3-5).
3. Click a second time to change the level to high. Another click
toggles it to low. Low represents an open contact output; high
represents a closed contact.
Figure 4.78 Digital Output Dialog Box for SSIMUL Test
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Oscillograph
The Oscillograph window displays the analog voltage and current
waveforms as well as the digital outputs and timers. It also enables you
to visualize and more closely analyze the test results.
To display an oscillograph for the SSIMUL test:
1. Click the Oscillograph button. The following window appears
(Figure 4.79):
Figure 4.79 Oscillograph Window for SSIMUL Test
The vertical lines indicate the boundary between states.

2. Make any modifications to the oscillograph as necessary. Check or
un-check the grey check boxes to select analog and digital signals
and timers that you want to include in the oscillograph. You can
change the display type, whether to superimpose voltage or
current, and whether the display is instantaneous or RMS.
3. When finished, click Apply.
4. Click Close to close the oscillograph window.
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Measurement Tab
The Measurement tab (Figure 4.80) enables you to set up timers to
record operation of trigger inputs and relays. At least one timer is
created as a default.
To add another timer:
1. Click Append. Another line appears in the table.
2. Enter a descriptive name in the Timer Name field.
3. Click in the Start field and select from the drop-down menu a state
in which to start the timer.
4. Click in the Stop field and select from the drop-down menu a trigger
name to stop the timer.
Figure 4.80 Measurement Tab for SSIMUL Test
When the test is run, the time is recorded if the relay operated.
Pass/fail criteria can be applied. Use multiple timers to record multiple
events.
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NOTE! When changes are made in the Test tab, it may be necessary to
manually update the start state.
Using the EXTERN Module

The F6TesT EXTERN module is similar to the EXTERN macro in
ProTesT in that it enables you to connect to a relay or launch external
applications. It also enables you to export and import test data (in
ASCII format) to or from those applications to create test reports. The
tests and reports can be run manually via a Windows or DOS program
or automatically via Autorun.
To run the EXTERN module:
1. Double-click the EXTERN module listed on the Test tab for the
appropriate test plan. The Save Test Definition to dialog box
appears. See “Test Definitions” on page 4-5 for information on test
definitions.
2. Once the test definition has been selected, click OK. The following
tabs appear.
Figure 4.81 EXTERN Tabs
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The EXTERN Test Tab

The EXTERN Test tab (Figure 4.81 on page 4-98) enables you to:
• define the start-up path for the external program
• enter the name of the external program to be executed
• enter any arguments for program execution
• define a path for ASCII input to the program
• define a path for output from the program
• indicate whether output is to be appended to an existing file,
rather than overwriting it
• set Autorun parameters
To run a test:
1. In the Working Directory field, enter the start-up path for the
external program. This can be any directory on your computer. The
default is the current database path.
2. In the Program name field, enter the command line name to
execute the program. The program must have an .exe extension.
3. In the Arguments field, enter the name of a file that the application
will open during the test. The file name must be enclosed in double
quotes (for example, TestFile.txt).
4. In the File to External Program field, enter the name of an ASCII
input file for the test. Data will be written to that file from the
Originator side of the Notebook tab.
5. In the File from External Program field, enter the name of the output
file that will be generated from the external application. If the
application writes text output to a file, it will be imported into the
User side of the Notebook tab.
6. If data is to be appended to an existing output file, check the
Append Data from External Program check box. This appends data
from the external program to the User Comments panel of the
Notebook tab.
7. Click the Run button in the tool bar.
For more information on the Run tool bar, see “Running the Test”
on page 5-4.
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The EXTERN Notebook Tab

The EXTERN Notebook tab (Figure 4.82) provides a two-column
notepad for originator test instructions and user comments. When
EXTERN is run, the ASCII text in the Originator Comments panel is
written to the program Input Filename indicated on the Test tab.
User comments generated by the test are written and/or appended to
the User Comments.
Figure 4.82 EXTERN Notebook Tab
To attach files, click Attach File and browse to the file(s) to be

attached. The files are not actually attached, but a link to those files is
created and saved with the Extern module. These files may be
standard instructions, a manual, or a picture to assist the user during
testing.
The Evaluation field may be automatically filled by the external
program or manually selected by the user as Pass or Fail.
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The EXTERN Reports Tab

The EXTERN Reports tab (Figure 4.83 on page 4-101) enables you to
run a report for an existing test definition.
You can also enter a description for the selected test definition and
select a template for the report. For more information, see “Reports
Tab” on page 4-105.
Figure 4.83 EXTERN Reports Tab
Figure 4.84 on page 4-102 shows the flow.
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 4-101

Figure 4.84.a EXTERN Module Flowchart (part 1)
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The external program

will create the
1 What Option? 3 PassFailCheck file
Note:
If Exterm module loops
indefinitely the user can 2
Running intervene. No Pass/Fail file exists ? No
Check status of
Time Expired? Yes
Ext. Program
After 3 seconds,
Read File
No PASS or
FAIL text
Exited Yes
PASS Pass/Fail?
FromFile specified? FAIL
Prepare msg:
No
Yes “External program
returned a FAIL.”
Does FromFile exist? No
Prepare msg:
Yes “The specified file from
external program
Read contents of the “FromFile name” does not 2
FromFile exist.”
Append box check? No
Prepare msg:
Yes “Unable to execute
external program”
Anytime during the test Append contents to Overwrite contents of
check user response to the Notebook (user side) Notebook (user side)
StopProceed dialog box.
User response? Stop autorun
Stop Timer
Proceed to next test.
Stop Timer Stop autorun
Msgbox:
Above msg
Proceed to next test &
“Autorun aborted.”
End
Figure 4.84.b EXTERN Module (part 2)
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 4-103

Using AutoRun
The Autorun feature on the Test Tab enables you to specify test to run
automatically.
The following options are available:
• Wait for external program to terminate...
The specified external program is executed. EXTERN does not
wait for the external program to terminate; it can be terminated
automatically or manually by the user.
The user can proceed to the next test or stop Autorun manually
while the external program is running.
• Proceed to next test immediately after...
The specified program is executed. It then waits for the
user-specified time to wait (1 second to 1000 seconds; default is
1000 seconds). EXTERN then proceeds to the next test,
regardless of the results of the program execution. If necessary,
the user can proceed to the next test manually before the wait
time expires. The time remaining is displayed in a label box.
• Proceed to next test when...
The external program (usually a scripting program) must create
or clear the specified file (for example, PassFailCheck.txt) at the
beginning of the test. EXTERN should clear this file, if it exists.
Occasionally, EXTERN checks the contents of this file and if it
finds a PASS, it will proceed to the next test. If it finds a FAIL, it
displays a message that tells the user that the external program
failed.
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Reports Tab
You can prepare a formatted report for each test definition on the
Reports tab (Figure 4.85):
Figure 4.85 Reports Tab
To specify a report:
1. Select a report template definition from the drop-down menu. The
drop-down menu shows the two default templates, as well as any
user-defined templates. The templates are defined in the Global
Report Definitions dialog box (see “Setup Menu” on page 1-34).
2. Click Preview to view the report in a separate window. If the test
definition selected for viewing is different from the currently open
test definition, the graphs cannot be displayed.
3. Click Print. The following figure shows a sample report.
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 4-105

Figure 4.86 Sample Report Format
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To export the report:

1. Click Export. An Export dialog box appears (Figure 4.87) with the
.pdf format (default) selected.
Figure 4.87 Export Dialog Box
Other format options include:

• MS Word
• Rich Text Format (.rtf)
• Tab-separated text
• Text
2. Select an export format.
3. Select a destination.
4. Click OK. The Export Options dialog box appears.
Figure 4.88 Export Options Dialog Box
5. Select any export options and click OK.

6. Browse to the appropriate storage location.
7. Enter and name for the report or accept the default name.
8. Click Save.
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 4-107

Using the Worksheet

Ramp (except for VpHz) and Ssimul tests both have a Worksheet
button on the Test tab. When you click that button, the following
worksheet dialog box appears (Figure 4.89). This worksheet enables
you to create labels that you can use in formulas in Ramp and Ssimul
modules.
Figure 4.89 Worksheet Pop-up Dialog Box
• Label — Enables you to enter a label that can be used in a

formula. Labels cannot be the same as existing keywords.
• Value — Enables you to supply a numeric value or formula for
the label. Every label must have an associated value.
• Type — Enables you to select a value — V, I, Z, f, t — from a
drop-down menu.
• Unit — Enables you to select a value — blank, cy, ms, sec —
from a drop-down menu. If the Type field has a value of t, the
Unit drop-down menu has cy, ms, and sec values. For all other
values in the Type field, the drop-down menu is blank.
• Remarks — Enables you to enter descriptive information about
the label.
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The following buttons enable you to add data to the worksheet:

• Append Row — Adds another row at the bottom of the grid.
You can add a maximum of 32,767.
• Insert Row — Adds a row above the currently selected row.
• Delete Row — Deletes a row if there are at least 20 rows in the
grid. If there are more than 20 rows and you click the Delete
Row button, the entire row is deleted. If there are only 20 rows,
pressing this button clears the contents of the row, but not the
row.
• Save — Once the worksheet is saved to the database, Ramp
and Ssimul can use the data. The labels can be used in
formulas.
• Close — Closes the Worksheet dialog box.
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5. Running Tests
Selecting a Test
To select a test:
1. Expand the Location and Relay in the location tree and select the
test plan. The tests are listed in Table View (Figure 5.1).
Figure 5.1 Selecting a Test
2. Double-click the test. The Test Definitions dialog box appears

72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 5-1

Figure 5.2 Test Definitions Dialog Box
3. Select the desired test definition and click Open. The Test
Definitions screen that is appropriate to the test type appears
4. Click the Test tab to see the test points and any test results from a
previous run.
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5. Running Tests
Figure 5.3 Test Tab Showing Values from Previous Tests
5. Click the Test tab and other tabs to review the settings made when
the test was defined. Make any desired changes to the settings.
Refer to the appropriate sections in Chapter 4, for the different test
types.
Simulation Mode
If no F6000 instrument or relay is available, it is possible to verify the
operation of a test by using Simulation Mode.
To enable this mode, select Tools -> Simulation Mode from the menu
bar. Select this option to run a test with no instrument connected.
Simulated test values are generated and posted in the Test tab and on
the characteristic graph.
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 5-3

Running the Test

Once the test and test points have been selected, start the test by
pressing F12 or using the controls in the Run tool bar (Figure 5.4).
Figure 5.4 Run Tool Bar
1. Click Run (single arrowhead) to start the test. The Run dialog box
appears above the test points table and displays a red Stop icon
(Figure 5.5).
Figure 5.5 Run Dialog Box
2. To stop the test, do any of the following:

• Click the red Stop icon in the Run dialog box.
• Press any key on the keyboard.
• Click the small red Stop button in the Run tool bar.
• Click the gray X button in the upper right corner of the Run
dialog box.
If too many points result in a failed evaluation, the test may also stop
automatically, as configured in the Test Defaults dialog box.
3. Click Pause (double vertical bars) in the Run tool bar to pause a
running test between test points.
4. Click the Run button to resume.
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5. Running Tests
Hiding Table Columns

For some test types, the Results table does not display all columns at
the same time. Less important columns can be hidden while the test is
running, however, to allow you to focus on columns of interest.
To hide a column:
1. Right-click on the table and select Hide Selected Columns during
test from the pop-up menu. The Hide Columns dialog box appears
(Figure 5.6).
Figure 5.6 Hide Columns Dialog Box
2. Check the columns to be hidden while the test is running.

3. Click OK.
During the test, the unchecked columns are shown in the test results
table.
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 5-5

AutoRun
Once a test plan has been populated with tests, it is possible to run
more than one test in a non-stop sequence.
To run multiple tests in a plan:
1. Select Setup -> Test Defaults -> Run/Auto Run to verify the
Run/Auto Run defaults.
2. Select the test plan in the location tree to display the individual tests
in Table View.
3. Check the box to the left of each test to be run in non-stop
sequence. It is also possible to quickly check or un-check all tests
by right clicking anywhere on the test name column and selecting
either Check All or Un-check All from the pop-up menu.
Six of the eight tests in the figure below have been selected for Auto
Run.
Figure 5.7 Marking Tests for AutoRun
If a selected test has more than one Test Definition in the Test
Definitions dialog box, F6TesT runs the definition marked Default.
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5. Running Tests
To change the default:

a. Double-click the test. The Test Definitions dialog box appears.
b. Select the new default definition.
c. Click Set as Default (Figure 5.8).
Figure 5.8 Changing a Default Definition for AutoRun
4. Click Auto Run (double arrowhead) on the Run tool bar or press
Alt + F12. The sequence begins.
Changing Relay Parameters

When parameter changes are made, previous test results and test
points that reference these parameters can potentially be affected. For
test modules that would be affected, a dialog box appears after you
make changes, similar to that shown below, providing options for
recalculating values or for dismissing the changes.
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 5-7

Figure 5.9 Test Elements Tab to Apply Changes
Example
This example, for Z-Time, Z-Char, ZMTA, I-Char, VF-Char, DiffChar,
and directional test modules, clarifies the way in which recalculation
works.
Test points are stored in the database in relative terms. For example, a
multiple of 2.0 of Iset remains as a multiple of 2.0 of Iset, but the
current value in Amperes and the operating time may change. The
figure below shows the test points and the reference graph after the
test is run, but before parameter changes are made.
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5. Running Tests
Figure 5.10 Reference Graph After Testing, Before Parameter

Changes Are Made
If the settings are changed, as in the figure below, opening the previous
test and going to the Test tab directly (without first applying the
changes from the Test Elements tab) displays the graph and points
shown in the second figure below.
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 5-9

Figure 5.11 Change Characteristic Curve
The reference characteristic curve, the current values (in Amperes)

and expected values in the table are automatically calculated from the
new settings and the test point current multiples. The actual time
values remain unchanged, however, because they are stored in the
database when the test was previously run and are retrieved when
opening the test.
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5. Running Tests
Figure 5.12 Test Points Graph Without Recalculation
Return to the Test Elements tab and click Apply Relay Parameters to
Existing Test Points. The test points are now recalculated or cleared
or recalculation is not done.
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 5-11

Figure 5.13 Reference Graph After Test Points Are Recalculated
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6. Reference Tables
Test Preparation
Table 6.1 Checklist - Test Preparation for a New Relay
Step Reference
If adding a new manufacturer or relay See “Relay Mfrs & Models”

model: on page 1-61.
Open list of Relay Manufacturers and
Models. Add items as needed.
Create a Location Record. See "Location" in “F6TesT Architecture
and Data Views” on page 1-11.
If the characteristic does not exist in the See Chapter 2, Relay Characteristics.
database:
Add characteristics or lookup table for
manufacturer and relay model.
Add a Relay Record to a Location. See Chapter 3, Creating a Relay.
For the relay: See “Connections and Signals Tab”
Define Connections and Triggers for on page 3-5.
testing.
At least one Digital Input and Trigger
must be defined.
Under Relay Parameters: See “Relay Parameters Tab”
Add a Relay Function with one or more on page 3-4.
elements, creating a matrix of elements
and phases, or zones and phases.
Add a Test Plan and to that add a Test See “Test Plans” on page 4-1.
module and select test type; for
example, I-Char, Z-Time DiffChar.
For the test module, create a Test See “Test Definitions” on page 4-5.
Definition.
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 6-1

Step Reference
For the test definition: See “Test Elements Tab” on page 4-8.
Select one or more elements to test.
Under Test Configuration, set the Fault See “Test Configuration Tab”
Calculation or Test Method, used to on page 4-12.
determine relay response.
Select a Trigger output and set test
timing.
Select Test Points for the test. See “Test Points Tab” on page 4-36.
Select Location, Relay, and Test Plan. See Chapter 5, Running Tests.
Select a test module and open a Test
Definition.
Select the Test tab. See “Selecting a Test” on page 5-1.
If the test has been prepared, the test
elements, test points and expected
values are displayed, and the results of
any previous test with pass/fail
evaluation.
Review values before running. This
reveals the source of the test points and
expected values.
Make changes as needed.
Select which test elements to run. See Chapter 5, Running Tests.
Connect an F6000 instrument.
Click the Start button the Run tool bar.
Review the test results and make any
necessary adjustments.
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6. Reference Tables
Abbreviations
Table 6.2 Abbreviations Used in F6TesT
Abbreviation Description
NoOp The relay did not operate. This may also be an expected value.
Op The relay operated. This result is displayed if there is no expected
value.
Src Source Error was encountered while running a test shot. This results
when the burden presented to the source exceeds its capability.
ITH Current Too High. This occurs when the required current is above the
limit of the F6000 Instrument Source Configuration.
VTH Voltage Too High. This occurs when the required voltage is above
the limit of the F6000 Instrument Source Configuration.
TTD Transient Time Duration is too long. This occurs if the test current
value requires a transient mode and the time required for one of the
states is greater than 1.5s.
FDS Fault Duration Short. This occurs if the specified maximum fault
duration is less than the maximum expected operate time for a test
point being run.
NF Not Found. The characteristic point being searched for was not
found during the binary search.
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Shortcut Keys
Table 6.3 Keyboard Shortcuts Used in F6TesT
Shortcut Description
Ctrl + N Create and open a new F6TesT database.

Ctrl + O Open an existing database.
Ctrl + S Save test definition.
Del Delete selected records (location, relay, test
plan, test), table cell or selected text.
Ctrl + X Cut and copy to clipboard of selected records
or text.
Ctrl + C Copy to clipboard of selected records.
Ctrl + V Paste the clipboard contents to the selected
location, relay, test plan, table cell or text area.
This also works between two different
databases.
Ctrl + I Insert record before selected record.
Ctrl + A Append record after the last record.
Ctrl + F Find.
Esc Cancel.
F1 Opens the online help file.
F10 Close test module and return to List View.
F12 Run currently open test module.
Alt + F12 Auto Run all checked test modules beginning
from currently selected module.
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7. Importing Functions
Importing a Function
This chapter describes the procedures for importing functions based on
.rio file types.
Importable functions include impedance and overcurrent. Impedance
functions can be directly imported. Overcurrent functions can also be
directly imported if the imported function characteristic has been
mapped in a cross-reference table to an existing F6TesT characteristic.
To import a function:
1. Open the target relay for the functions.
2. Click the Relay Parameters tab.
3. Click Import. A Select RIO Files dialog box appears.
4. Select the file with a .rio extension.
5. Click Open.
An RIO dialog box appears (Figure 7.1 on page 7-2), listing the
available functions in the .rio file. The list may contain one or more
overcurrent or impedance functions. The name of the function is taken
directly from the Device Name field in the RIO file. A sequential number
is then added if more than one element is present. The function names
can be edited now or after importing.
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 7-1

Figure 7.1 Relay Parameters Dialog Box
6. Click the buttons for the functions to be imported. A red check mark
appears on each button clicked.
7. Click Apply.
The functions and elements contained in each function are imported
and the functions are added to the Relay Functions list (Figure 7.2).
Figure 7.2 Relay Functions List
7-2 72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013

7. Importing Functions
NOTE! Only active elements that belong to the functions are imported. If
the characteristic being imported is not listed in the Characteristics
Cross-Reference table (see “Characteristics Cross Reference”
on page 7-3), another dialog box appears, listing the function elements
with no direct equivalent characteristic. Select the most suitable
characteristic from the drop-down menu.
Opening/Viewing Functions After Import

After import, the procedure for opening and viewing the functions is the
same as described in "Relay Parameters" in Creating a Relay.
Characteristics Cross Reference

To edit the characteristics cross-reference table, select Tools ->
Characteristics -> Characteristics Cross-Reference. The open
database is automatically selected. The table has two tabs, Predefined
and User-Defined (Figure 7.3).
Figure 7.3 Predefined Tab
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 7-3

1. Select the Predefined tab. This tab contains standard Definite Time
and IEC characteristics.
2. Select, by manufacturer, an F6TesT characteristic that corresponds
to the four predefined characteristics. These are then configured for
use during an import. For example, for Alstom, select ALS IEC
Standard Inverse under the IEC Inverse column. When later
importing a predefined IEC inverse characteristic for an Alstom
relay, the ALS IEC Standard Inverse characteristic is automatically
imported.
3. Select the User-Defined tab (Figure 7.4).
Figure 7.4 User-Defined Tab
This tab contains some characteristics normally found in .rio files.

The table enables you to map these characteristic names to
existing F6TesT characteristics.
For example, the last row shows that the Basler I2T-46N
characteristic is mapped to the BE1 - I2T-46N characteristic of
manufacturer Basler.
To select or change the F6TesT characteristic mapped to a .rio
characteristic:
1. Click the cell in the right column.
2. Select the characteristic from the drop-down menu of available
characteristics that belong to the manufacturer.
3. Click Apply.
7-4 72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013

8. Cut, Copy and Paste Operations
Allowed Operations
The following cut, copy, and paste operations are allowed:
• Copy a location from any level with sub-locations and relays and
paste to the root level of the same database or to another
database.
• Copy a relay from one location and paste to the same location
or to another location within the same database or to another
database.
• Copy a function from one relay and paste to another relay. The
following conditions apply:
• If the function is pasted to a relay with the same manufac-
turer, all data will be simply copied and pasted.
• In case of different manufacturers, if the function depends
only on characteristic data that are defined within the func-
tion itself, such as impedance elements, directional, and
some differential characteristics, simply copy and paste the
function. In the case of differential relay characteristics, they
should not refer to a characteristic in the main characteris-
tics section.
• Copying and pasting a test plan, including all tests, to the same
relay.
• Pasting a test to a different relay, but only if the target relay has
a function to which the test can refer. For example, an
overcurrent test I-Char can be copied and pasted if the target
relay contains at least one overcurrent function. After pasting,
the following actions apply:
• If there is only one function to which the test can refer, that
function is selected.
• If all checked test elements are available in the function,
select the same test elements and apply all previous test
points. Extra elements of the function that are not in the cop-
ied test are not checked.
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 8-1

• If some elements in the copied test are missing from the

function, only the available elements are checked and
applied to all previous test points.
• If the target relay has more than one possible function to
choose from, copying will proceed, but the function
drop-down box will be blank. Upon opening the test, select
the function to which you wish to apply the test, then pro-
ceed as above.
• When using Cut instead of Copy, the source record will be
deleted after the Paste operation. If the Paste operation is
not done or not finished, the source record will not be
deleted.
Copying, cutting, and pasting two or more main records (locations,
relays, test plans, tests).
8-2 72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013

9. Power System Model
Introduction
The Power System Model calculates amplitude and phase angle
quantities to simulate power system events in an SSIMUL macro. It is
available when an SSIMUL macro is open and can be used to test
entire protection schemes.
When using the Power System Model, the primary impedance values
are entered for the near end source, line, and far end source.
Impedance can be entered in rectangular, polar, or per unit terms.
Current and Potential Transformer ratios are entered to compute
secondary values for fault calculations.
The Power System Model represents a two-machine equivalent with
lumped impedance parameters for line and source values. The model
simulates faults with varied fault locations, resistance, and load flows.
You can then create tests that model power system events to test the
complete relay system for each case modeled.
You can test relay reach and direction for the various zones and
combinations of zones. ProTesT classifies them as Op or No Op,
depending on whether zone protection was enabled. For a Zone 1
relay with ± 5% accuracy, an operation (Op) should always occur at
95% of setting. For a fault at 106% of setting, no operation (No Op)
should occur. These two cases confirm the accuracy of the relay.
Other dynamic relay tests you can perform are operating time tests at
different system impedance ratios — the ratio of the source impedance
behind the relay to the set impedance of the relay.
Other application tests include:
• Switch onto fault
• Blown fuse, memory, adaptive characteristics
• Programmable logic tests
With dynamic relay testing, you can quickly model and play back these
events with the SSIMUL macro.
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 9-1

To work with the Power System Model, obtain the source impedance
and line impedance for both ends of the line. Enter only the primary
values for impedance. F6TesT calculates secondary impedance values
from the PT and CT ratios.
Enter impedances as positive-, negative-, and zero-sequence
components. If the negative-sequence impedance is not available, set
it to the positive-sequence impedance. If the source impedance is not
available, use the following guidelines:
• Set the positive-sequence impedance, negative sequence, and
zero sequence equal to each other.
• For a strong source, set the source impedance to line
impedance ratio (ZS/ZL) between 1 and 5. For example, for a
ZS/ZL ratio of 2, set the source impedance equal to twice the
line impedance.
• For a weak source, set the source impedance to line impedance
ratio (ZS/ZL) between 5 and 10. For example, for a ZS/ZL ratio
of 6, set the source impedance equal to six times the line
impedance.
9-2 72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013

To access the Power System Model, select Tools -> Power System
Model. A window similar to the following appears.
Figure 9.1 Power System Module
The section at the top of the window can contain the following five
power system configurations:
• Single line
• Parallel lines
• Single line with tap
• Parallel lines with tap
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 9-3

A fault location sign indicates where the fault is. Users can use the
Fault tab to select the fault location or they can drag-and-drop the fault
location sign in the top section.
Each source has a drop-down menu that enables the user to select
source impedance.
Options include:
• Strong (SIR = 0.1
• Medium (SIR = 1)
• Weak (SIR = 5)
• Enter source Z
If you select Enter source Z, the following dialog box appears,
enabling you to enter the impedance for each source.
Figure 9.2 PSM Source Z Dialog Box
In addition, each breaker has a control panel button below it that
enables users to open an F6 Control Panel that displays the voltages

and currents of that particular breaker.
There is no load current flowing; the coordinate is Cartesian. System
Frequency is 60 Hz (default) or 50 Hz.
9-4 72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013

Impedance Tab
The Impedance tab contains two tabs: Primary Ohms and Secondary
Ohms. The Primary and Secondary Ohms tabs enables users to enter
impedance (accurate to within three digits after the decimal points) for
lines AB, CD, ET, and mutual impedance between lines AB and CD.
The following table shows the default values for Impedance.
Table 9.1 Default Values for Impedance

Impedance Positive Sequence Zero Sequence
Magnitude (o) Angle (°) Magnitude (o) Angle (°)

Line AB 0.06 90 0.10 90
Line CD 0.08 90 0.12 90
AB||CD mutual n/a n/a 0.05 90
Line ET 0.01 90 0.02 90
Once the values have been entered on the Primary tab, F6TesT
calculates the secondary values and automatically updates the
Secondary tab. Likewise, if values are entered on the Secondary tab,
F6TesT calculates the primary values and automatically updates the
Primary tab.
In addition, users can enter PT and CT ratios. Default values for each
of these is 1:1.
• Enter the CT and PT ratios as a primary quantity to one
secondary quantity. For example, a 2000:5 CT has a ratio of
400. The CT and PT ratios are used to calculate the secondary
impedance and fault voltages and currents seen by the relay.
• Enter the base MVA and the voltage level of the line (in
kilovolts). Base MVA and voltage are required only when using
Per Unit impedance quantities. F6TesT recalculates Base Ohms
when switching from one coordinate system to another.
• Select the appropriate coordinate system for the primary
impedance. The Power System Model converts impedances to
the desired coordinate system. Changing the coordinate system
of the Primary Ohms does not change the coordinate system of
the Secondary Ohms.
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 9-5

• Select the appropriate coordinate system for the secondary

impedance. The Power System Model converts the impedances
to the desired coordinate system. Changing the coordinate
system of the Secondary Ohms does not change the coordinate
system of the Primary Ohms.
Fault Tab
The Fault tab (Figure 9.3) enables you to specify the fault element,
type, and location.
Figure 9.3 PSM Fault Tab
Fault tab items include:

• Fault Element
Select from drop-down menu:
• Bus C
• Bus D
• Bus T
• Bus E
• Line AB
• Line CD
• Line CT
• Line ET
• Line TD
9-6 72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013

NOTE! The items that appear in the menu depend on the type of model
selected.
• Location
If Bus C or Bus D is selected from the Fault Element drop-down
menu, this field should be disabled. By default, the location for
all faults is at 50% from A if the fault is on AB; 50% from C if the
fault is on CD. Numeric values only are allowed.
• Fault Type
Enables you to move the fault on the line. The percentage is the
distance from the near end to the fault. For example, entering
60 places the fault 60 percent of the line length from the
near-end or 40 percent from the far end. The Power System
Model also allows you to enter percentages up to 999% to test
different zones of protection. To create a fault at more than
100% of the line, set the far-end source equal to 0 for realistic
values. The following options are available from the drop-down
menu.
• Ph-G
• Ph-Ph
• Ph-Ph-G
• 3-Ph
Model diagrams for each of these selections appear at the bottom of
the window. The diagram selected changes per selected fault.
Values can be entered for Cartesian or Polar coordinates.
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 9-7

Relay Tab
The Relay tab (Figure 9.4) enables you to configure relays. The
number of relays that appear on the tab depends upon the system
configuration. Relays are listed as:
• Relay A
• Relay B
• Relay C
• Relay D
• Relay E
Figure 9.4 PSM Relay Tab
The Relay tab contains two tabs:

• Polarizing
• Fault Data
The Polarizing tab enables you to set the polarizing quantity on the
selected Polarizing sources. If you select VN as the polarizing source,
the quantity is in VA+VB+VC; if you select IN as the polarizing source,
the quantity is in IA+IB+IC.
The Fault Data tab (Figure 9.5 on page 9-9) shows voltages and
currents for the selected relay. These figures can be in either Cartesian
or polar coordinates. Click the SS1 File button to save the data to an
SS1 file.
9-8 72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013

Figure 9.5 Relay Tab Fault Data
Load Flow Tab

The Load Flow tab (Figure 9.6) enables the user to enter load flow data
in different ways. For paralleled lines under load condition, current will
be flowing on lines AB and CD.
Figure 9.6 PSM Load Flow Tab Parameters Tab
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 9-9

In the following list, users can enter any three fields and the other fields
will be calculated:
• Voltage at S1
• Voltage at S2
• Voltage at S3
• Voltage at Bus A
• Voltage at Bus B
• Voltage at Bus C
• Voltage at Bus D
• Current on Line CD
For a load flow of two parallel lines, users must enter any two of the
following values:
• Voltage at Bus C
• Voltage at Bus D
• Current on Line AB
• Current on Line CD
The Power tab on the Load Flow tab (Figure 9.7) enables users to
enter the power of the line.
Figure 9.7 PSM Load Flow Tab Power Tab
The Load Data tab on the Load Flow tab (Figure 9.8 on page 9-11)
enables you to display the voltages and currents at each relay before
the fault. These quantities are calculated based on the entered source
voltages and impedances.
9-10 72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013

Figure 9.8 PSM Load Flow Tab Load Data Tab
Model Menu
The Model menu (Figure 9.9) enables users to model different power
systems. The Model menu options are:
Figure 9.9 PSM Model Menu
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 9-11

Figure 9.10 shows a Single Line model.
Figure 9.10 PSM Single Line Model
Figure 9.11 shows a Parallel Line model.
Figure 9.11 PSM Parallel Line Model
Figure 9.12 shows a Single Line with Tap model.
Figure 9.12 PSM Single Line with Tap Model
9-12 72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013

Figure 9.13 shows a Parallel Line with Tap model.
Figure 9.13 PSM Parallel Line with Tap Model
Setup Menu
The Setup menu (Figure 9.14) enables you to navigate to the F6
Control Panel. When you click Setup, the following dialog box appears.
Figure 9.14 PSM Setup Dialog Box
If the default path to the F6 Control Panel is not correct:

1. Click the Browse button to browse to the correct directory.
2. Select the source name scheme.
3. Click OK.
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 9-13

9-14 72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013

10. Vector Calculator
Introduction
The Vector Calculator consists of a vector table and keypad. Vectors
are displayed graphically in the vector (or phasor) view area. A vector
formula you enter with the keypad is displayed in the Formula Box. If
the formula is evaluated, the result is shown in the Answer Box.
Figure 10.1 Vector Calculator – Main Screen
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 10-1

Vector Table
The vector table contains five columns:
• The Vector column contains data entry fields for vectors V1
through V9.
• The second and third columns define the vector values. The
headings for these columns depend on whether you select
Polar or Rectangular form on the keypad. For Polar form, the
columns are labeled Magnitude and Angle; for Rectangular
form, the columns are labeled Real and Imaginary.
• The Graph column contains buttons that enable you to choose
whether each vector appears in Normal View. If a vector entry
has been saved from a formula created in the Formula Box, the
formula appears in the Formula column of the vector table.
• The Source Name column allows you to add a source name to
relate the vector to a power system source (VA, I1, and so on).
Keypad
Function Keys
The function keys appear in the first two rows of the keypad:
• Polar and Rect — These keys switch between Polar and
Rectangular form for all vector values, including the Answer
Box. This enables values to be entered in one form and
re-displayed in the other form.
• Back (Backspace) — Deletes the preceding value in the cell
being edited. Same as Backspace on a keyboard.
• CFB (Clear Formula Box) — Clears the formula in the Formula
Box and the result in the Answer Box.
• SV (Save Vector) — The next vector selected by a vector key
(see below) will be overwritten by the value in the Answer Box,
and the corresponding formula will also be saved in the table.
• CV (Clear Vector) — The next vector selected by a vector key
will be cleared.
• CAV (Clear All Vectors) — Clears all values in the vector table.
10-2 72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013

Vector Keys
Click keys V1 to V9 to specify a vector table entry. These are used in
two ways:
1. When creating a formula in the Formula Box, clicking a vector key
inserts a vector name into the formula, as an alternative to typing
the vector name.
2. Clicking SV and then a vector key saves the Answer Box result to
that vector. Clicking CV and then a vector key clears the contents of
that vector.
Operator Keys
Click an operator key to enter it in the Formula Box. You can enter
values from the keyboard or the keypad. The following table describes
the operator keys.
Table 10.1 Operator Keys

Keys Description
+- Add or subtract vectors as complex numbers. For example, in

rectangular form, V1 + V2 results in a vector with a real value
equal to the sum of the real parts of V1 and V2 and an
imaginary value equal to the sum of the imaginary parts of V1
and V2.
*/ Multiply and divide vectors as complex numbers. For
example, in polar form, V1*V2 results in a vector magnitude
equal to the product of the magnitudes of V1 and V2, and an
angle equal to the sum of the angles of V1 and V2. V1/V2
results in a vector magnitude equal to [V1]/[V2] (quotient of
the magnitudes) and an angle equal to V1 angle - V2 angle.
= Evaluate the formula in the Formula Box and place in the
Answer Box. The Answer is shown in either the polar or
rectangular form, depending on whether the Polar or Rect
function key is selected.
( Begin a parenthetical expression. Multiple levels are allowed;
that is, a parenthetical expression may contain a parenthetical
expression. To evaluate without error, every open parenthesis
must be balanced by a close parenthesis.
) End a parenthetical expression.
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 10-3

Keys Description
SQRT (square Enter a number whose square root is to be calculated. The

root) function SQRT (nnnn) appears in the Formula Box.
CONJ Changes the sign of an angle from positive to negative or vice
(conjugate) versa. Clock CONJ to enter the operator and opening
parenthesis before an expression. Then insert the closing
parenthesis and the end of the expression.
a Enters “a*” into the Formula Box at the insertion point, to
rotate the following vector 120o. If the following vector is
entered from the keyboard as a polar or rectangular value, it
should be enclosed in parentheses:
a*(10@0)
which evaluates to 10@120.
a2 Enters “a2*” operator into the Formula Box at the insertion
point, to rotate the following vector value 240o. Note that
“a*a2*” rotates the vector 360o.
Number Keys
The following table describes the number keys.
Table 10.2 Number Keys

Keys Description
0-9 Use to enter values in the Formula Box. You can also enter
values from the keyboard. Negative values are also valid (do
not space on either side of the -).
. (decimal Two decimal places are allowed for all values.
point)
@ In the Formula Box, enter @ followed by a number to indicate
the angle of a vector. For example, in polar form, 1.0@-30 is a
valid entry for magnitude and angle of a vector (do not space
on either side of the @).
Recalculate Formulae Key

Recalculates all formulas in the vector table, starting at the top.
10-4 72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013

Viewing Vectors
Two graphic displays show the vector table and Formula Box as
vectors:
1. Normal View. If the button in the Graph column displays a red
check mark, the vector is graphed on a circular plot. Vector tails
begin at the origin.
2. Formula View. If a vector formula in the Formula Box has been
evaluated and a result is displayed in the Answer Box, the vector
operations are graphed, showing the resultant vector in red. Vector
tails begin at the origin.
To evaluate a formula, press the equal sign (=) on the keypad.
Menu Bar
Menu bar options are:
• File
• Edit
• View
• Formulae
• Help
File
File menu items are:
Setup
Opens the Vector Setup dialog box:
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 10-5

Figure 10.2 Vector Setup Dialog Box
• Color Setup. Select the colors for vectors V1 through V9 in the

graphs. You can also select colors for the axes, bounding circle
in Normal View, and background. For printing, it may be
desirable to set the background color to white and the axis and
circle to black, for better readability.
• Features. Enables you to disable or enable auto button states
and tool tips.
Auto Button States. When this is enabled (the default), it grays out the
operator keys after an operator key is pressed, to prevent you from
creating an erroneous expression by entering more than one operator
in the Formula Box. The operator keys become available again after
you enter a vector, number, or function. Disabling Auto Button States
prevents the operator keys from graying out after one of them is
pressed, allowing you to create a potentially erroneous expression by
entering more than one operator in a row.
Tool Tips. Tool Tips are the small yellow boxes that appear when you
hover your mouse over a button, to explain the function of the button.
Tool Tips are on by default.
Print
Opens the standard Windows Print Setup dialog box.
10-6 72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013

Exit
Exits the program.
Edit
Edit Menu (Figure 10.3) items are as follows. They apply to highlighted
data, either cells in the vector table or data in the Formula Box.
Figure 10.3 Edit Menu
Cut
Cuts the selected data and retains it on the clipboard.
Shortcut key: Ctrl + X
Copy
Copies the selected data and retains it on the clipboard.
Shortcut key: Ctrl + C
Paste
Inserts data from the clipboard. You can do multiple pastes from one
cut or copy.
Shortcut key: Ctrl + V
Delete
Deletes the selected data.
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 10-7

View
View menu items are:
Figure 10.4 View Menu
Scaling
If you have voltages and currents in the Source Name column of the
vector table (for example, VA, VB, VC, and IA, IB, IC), by default all of
them are scaled to the largest magnitude in the list. If you select
Scaling, the voltage and current with the largest magnitudes are shown
to the same scale, with the others proportional by type.
Figure 10.5 Scaling Off – Vectors Scaled to the Largest Magnitude
For example, in the figure above, with Scaling off, all vectors are scaled
to the largest magnitude (20), with the others proportionately smaller.
In Figure E-7, with Scaling on, voltage vectors are scaled to the largest
magnitude (20), and current vectors are shown to the same scale, even
though the largest current vector is only 15.
10-8 72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013

Figure 10.6 Scaling On – Vectors Scaled by Type to the Largest Magnitude
Zoom In
To zoom in on an area of a graph:
1. Click just outside the area. Holding down the left mouse button,
drag diagonally downward to create a dashed box outlining the
area (Figure 10.7).
Figure 10.7 Dashed Box Outlining Area to Zoom
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 10-9

2. Release the mouse button to zoom in on the outlined area

(Figure 10.8).
Figure 10.8 Zoomed Area
Alternate method:
1. Select View -> Zoom In -> Normal View or Formula View. A red
cross appears at the origin of the graph.
2. Outline the area to be expanded:
a. Press Shift + Down Arrow, then Shift + Right Arrow, or vice
versa.
b. Move the box outlined by the four red crosses until it encloses
the area you wish to zoom.
3. Press Enter.
Zoom Out
Right-click in the graph and select Zoom Out.
Alternate method:
Select View -> Zoom Out -> Normal View or Formula View.
10-10 72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013

Formulae
Formulae menu items are:
Figure 10.9 Formulae Menu
Standard Formulae
Opens the Formulae Manager dialog box (Figure 10.10), from which
you can enter and recall formulae to be saved.
To add a formula:
1. Type the formula in the Formulae column.
2. Add any desired comments in the Comment column.
3. Click OK.
You can add more than one formula and comments at a time and save
them all simultaneously by clicking OK.
Figure 10.10 Formulae Manager Dialog Box
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 10-11

To remove a formula:
1. Place the cursor in the line containing the formula or comment.
2. Click Remove. Any entries below the deleted formula move up one
row.
3. Click OK.
To insert a formula in the Formula Box:
1. Place the cursor in the line containing the formula or comment.
2. Click Export. The formula appears in the Formula Box.
3. Click OK.
The Formulae menu also contains a list of the five most recently used
formulae, which you can enter by selecting the desired formula.
Help
Help menu items are:
Figure 10.11 Help Menu
Contents
Opens this Help file.
About Vector Calculator

Opens the version information and copyright dialog box.
10-12 72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013

Tool Bar
A vertical tool bar appears at the upper left of the Vector Calculator
screen. The following figure shows the tool bar with icon labels.
Figure 10.12 Vector Calculator Toolbar
Performing Calculations
To enter a vector value in the vector table:
1. Select Polar on the function keypad to enter magnitude and angle
or select Rect to enter real and imaginary values.
2. Click in the desired cell of the vector table.
3. Enter the value using the Vector Calculator keypad or the
keyboard.
4. Press Enter to complete the entry or use the mouse to select
another cell.
5. Click the Graph button to view the vector in Normal View.
To clear a value in the vector table, place the cursor in that cell and
click CV.
To clear all values, click CAV.
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 10-13

Source Name Column

If a vector corresponds to a Doble test source or a power system
source, enter the source name—for example, VA, VB, VC, I1, l2, l3.
The source name can be used in the Formula Box. For example, type
VA-VB to obtain the vector difference between the two vectors, perhaps
to represent fault voltage in a phase-to-phase fault. You can assign a
source name of up to four characters, such as VFLT, for fault voltage.
Formula Column
The Formula column contains read-only data fields, showing a vector
formula from the Formula Box that was used to evaluate the vector in
the vector table. For example, if VA-VB is entered in the Formula Box
and evaluated by clicking the equal sign, the value and the formula can
be saved as a vector in the table. To do this, click SV on the keypad,
followed by a vector key—for example, V7.
Performing Formula Box Calculations

To enter a vector value in the Formula Box:
1. Click in the Formula Box.
2. Do one of the following:
• Enter a vector value using the keypad:
67@-120
• Enter a vector value using the keyboard:
-33.5-j58.02
• Enter a vector from the vector table by name. For example, click
V2 on the keypad or type V2 on the keyboard. If V2 has a
source name, such as VB, you can enter VB on the keyboard.
3. Press the equal sign (=) to evaluate the formula. The result appears
in the Answer Box and in the Formula View.
Click CFB to clear the Formula Box, Answer Box, and Formula View.
10-14 72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013

Formula Operators
Use formula operators as follows:
Standard Operators
Enter the addition (+), subtraction (-), multiplication (*), and division (/)
operators from either the keypad or the keyboard.
Use parentheses around vector values entered in polar or rectangular
form:
a*(-33.5-j58.02)
a, a2
Click a on the keypad as a multiplier to rotate the following vector 120°:
a*V1
Click a2 to rotate the following vector 240°:
a2*(VA-VB)
SQRT
Click SQRT to insert the square root value into a formula. The Square
Root dialog box opens (Figure 10.13), requesting a positive real
number for the square root extraction.
Figure 10.13 Square Root Dialog Box
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 10-15

Parentheses
Use parentheses to create an expression as a formula operand, such
as for addition or multiplication:
(-33.5 -j58.02) + (67@-120)
3*(1 + SQRT(2))
Evaluate
Click the equal sign (=) on the keypad or keyboard. The formula is
evaluated and the result appears in the Answer Box, in either a Polar or
Rectangular format. Change the format by clicking Polar or Rect on the
keypad.
Save the Answer in the Vector Table

Select SV (Save Vector) on the keypad, followed by a vector select key,
i.e., V3. The Answer Box value is stored in the selected vector table
entry and the formula used to calculate it is stored in the formula cell for
reference only.
For example, calculate phase-to-phase voltage and phase-to-phase
current from phasors in the vector table and use the ratio to evaluate
the impedance, using source name assignments for vectors in the
table: (VA-VB)/(l1-l2). The impedance vector can be saved in the table
also.
10-16 72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013

Index
Index
Symbols
.rio file 7-1, 7-4
A
Abbreviations 6-3
Actual Current 4-21
Actual Value Field 4-22
Actual Voltage 4-21
ALS IEC Standard Inverse 7-4
AutoRun 1-3, 1-49, 5-6
using 4-104
B
Battery simulator 1-19
C
Calculations
Formula Box 10-14
performing 10-13
Change Characteristic Curve 5-10
Characteristic
constants 2-5
cross reference 7-3
editing 1-60
equations 2-4
general 3-30
Characteristics library 2-3
Clear Formula box (CFB) 10-2
Color selection 1-20
Color setup
vector calculator 10-6
Command prompt 1-8
Communications setup 1-35
Connection
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 Index-1

V 3.11 User Guide
serial or Ethernet 1-35 report data 1-66
Connections and Signals tab 3-5 Exporting test results 1-2
Context menu 1-32 EXTERN module 4-98
using 1-39 EXTERN Module flowchart 4-102
Control panel 1-5 EXTERN Notebook tab 4-100
Conventional sources 1-44, 4-28, 4-33, 4-35, 4- EXTERN Reports tab 4-101
88 EXTERN Test tab 4-99
Cut, Copy, and Paste 8-1
F
D
F6 Control Panel 9-4, 9-13
Data views 1-11 F6000 firmware
Database updating 1-56
architecture 1-14 F6000 instrument options 1-59
closing 1-24 F6000 software tools 1-56
compacting 1-55 F6TesT
conversion 1-67 architecture 1-11
copying 1-24 installing 1-3
historical 1-3 new features 1-3
new file 1-21 purpose 1-1
opening 1-23 removing previous versions 1-5
test results 1-2 Fault calculation 4-15
DC transients 4-23 Fault inception angle 4-23
Diffchar 4-33, 4-51 Fault Rotate button 4-92
Differential characteristics 2-13 Fault tab 9-6
Differential functions 3-35 File menu 1-21
Differential test 4-60 Finding a string 1-31
Digital input 1-46 Firmware version for instrument 1-57
Digital inputs 3-7, 4-91, 6-1 Flash loader 1-56
Digital outputs 1-45, 3-6, 4-28, 4-95 Formula bar 1-19
Digital Outputs button 4-28 Formula Box calculations 10-14
Directional functions 3-33 Formula operators 10-15
Directional test 4-58 Formulas 1-20
Display Phasors button 4-92 Function
adding 3-15
E copying 3-20
differential 3-35
Edit characteristics 1-60 directional 3-33
Edit menu 1-26 generic 3-25
Equations impedance 3-27
characteristic 2-4 importing 7-1
Exit dialog box 1-26 Time Characteristic 3-21
Exiting 1-26 viewing 7-3
Export Function keys 10-2
report 4-107 Function window 3-12
Index-2 72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013

V 3.11 User Guide
G Maximum Acceptable Current 4-21
Maximum Acceptable Voltage 4-21
General characteristic 3-30 Measurement tab 4-54, 4-97
General impedance characteristic 3-31 Menu bar 1-18
Generic function 3-25 Miscellaneous tab 1-50
Graphics setup 1-36 Model menu 9-11
H N
Help menu 1-69, 10-12 Negative-sequence 4-31, 9-2
Negative-sequence elements 4-16
I Negative-sequence voltage 4-17
Notebook 1-21
Impedance 4-8 Notebook tab 3-11
Impedance characteristics 4-20
Impedance function 3-27
Impedance tab 9-5 O
Importing data from spreadsheet 2-11 Offline simulation 1-55
Instruments supported 1-4 Oscillograph 4-96
IP address for instrument 1-57 setup 1-38
WaveSim 4-72
K
Key code 1-56 P
Keypad 10-2 Phasor diagram 1-3, 4-55
Power System Model 1-69, 9-1
L accessing 9-3
Print setup 1-25, 10-6
Language 1-53
Lasted Tested 1-51, 1-65
Line Cartesian segment 3-31 R
Line Polar segment 3-31 Ramp
Load Flow tab 9-9 double 4-83
Locations pulsed 4-82
cut, copy, paste 1-29 VpHz test 4-86
Log settings 1-50 Ramp test 4-74
Login 1-9 Volts per Hertz 4-86
Look-up table 2-10 Records
copying 1-29
M Reference tables 6-1
Relay
Maintenance alarms 1-50
adding to a location 3-2
Manufacturer 1-17 creating 3-1
Maximize test table 4-51 cut, copy, paste 1-29
Maximizing graph 4-50 parameters and functions 3-3
Index-3 72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013

V 3.11 User Guide
Relay architecture 1-16 Template library 1-68
Relay characteristics 2-1 Test
copying 2-1 adding 4-2
displaying and comparing 2-14 cut, copy, paste 1-29
Relay ID 1-17 pausing 5-4
Relay maintenance schedule 1-51, 1-61 preparation for new relay 6-1
Relay Manufacturers 1-61 resuming 5-4
Relay parameter running 5-4
changing 5-7 selecting 5-1
Relay Parameters tab 3-4 simulation mode 5-3
Relay Reference Characteristics 1-1 stopping 5-4
Relay tab 9-8 Test Configuration tab 4-12
Report definitions 1-51 Test definitions 4-5
Report templates 1-2 Test Elements tab 4-8
Reports Test method 4-25
exporting 1-66, 4-107 Test Method button 4-20
exporting data 1-66 Test module
generating 1-64 creating 4-1
Reports tab 4-105 Test plan 1-17, 4-1
Residual compensation 3-29 adding 4-2
Restore table size 4-51 cut, copy, paste 1-29
Restoring graph size 4-50 Test Plan tab 3-3
Run tool bar 5-4 Test points
deleting 4-51
S editing 4-52
selecting and highlighting 4-51
Sampled value sources 4-33 sorting 4-53
Saved graphs Test Points tab 4-36
deleting 1-24 Test results
Selecting database 1-10 exporting 1-2
Separate Arc Resistance 4-23 Test tab 4-55
Setup menu 1-34, 9-13 Test types 4-4
Shortcut keys 6-4 Tested Date 1-65
Simulation mode 5-3 Time Characteristic functions 3-21
Source Configuration button 4-28 Time formats 1-50
SSIMUL test 4-88 Timer
Start-up 1-9 adding 4-97
State simulation 4-88 name 4-97
Supported instruments 1-4 Tool bars 1-18
System requirements 1-4 Tools menu 1-54
Transient duration times 1-51
T Trigger selection 4-26
Trip time 2-6, 3-36
Table columns Trip time window 2-4
displaying and hiding 5-5
Index-4 72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013

Index
U
Update utility 1-56
Updating firmware 1-56
User Account Control (UAC) 1-4
V
Vector calculator 1-69, 10-1
answer box 10-1
keypad 10-2
Menu bar 10-5
tool bar 10-13
Vector table 10-2
W
WaveSim test 4-71
Worksheet
using 4-108
Z
Z-Char test 4-68
Z-Char test lines 4-45
ZMTA test 4-69
Zone
adding or modifying 3-30
Z-Time test 4-65
72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 Index-5

V 3.11 User Guide
Index-6 72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013

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Doble Engineering Company

72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013

72A-1968-01 Rev G 03/2013 Contents - 1

2. Relay Characteristics ............................................................................2-1

Contents - 2 72A-1968-01 Rev G 03/2013

Characteristic Equations ............................................................................................................... 2-4

3. Creating a Relay ...................................................................................3-1

4. Creating Test Modules .........................................................................4-1

Contents - 3 72A-1968-01 Rev G 03/2013

Differential ..................................................................................................................... 4-10

Contents - 4 72A-1968-01 Rev G 03/2013

Measurement Tab ....................................................................................................................... 4-54

5. Running Tests ......................................................................................5-1

Contents - 5 72A-1968-01 Rev G 03/2013

Running the Test........................................................................................................................... 5-4

6. Reference Tables .................................................................................6-1

7. Importing Functions ..............................................................................7-1

8. Cut, Copy and Paste Operations ..........................................................8-1

9. Power System Model ............................................................................9-1

10. Vector Calculator ..............................................................................10-1

Contents - 6 72A-1968-01 Rev G 03/2013

Keypad ........................................................................................................................................ 10-2

Contents - 7 72A-1968-01 Rev G 03/2013

Contents - 8 72A-1968-01 Rev G 03/2013

Who Should Read This Guide

Notes and Warnings

NOTE! Notes provide supplemental information that may apply to only

CAUTION! Cautions provide information that prevents damage to

WARNING! Warnings tell you how to prevent injury or death to anyone

72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 9

Doble Engineering Company

10 72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013

Relay Reference Characteristics

72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 1-1

Overcurrent, voltage, and frequency relay characteristics are modeled

Library of Relay Models

Database of Test Results

Ready-to-Use Report Templates

1-2 72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013

Features and Benefits

72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 1-3

Operating System Windows 2000

1-4 72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013

Removing Previous F6TesT Versions

CAUTION: Do not use the F6TesT installation wizard to un-install F6TesT.

You may choose to install newer versions side-by-side with older

To remove earlier versions of F6TesT:

Installing the F6TesT Software

72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 1-5

3. Browse to the CD and open it.

1-6 72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013

a. Open a Command Prompt window using the Run as adminis-

Figure 1.1 Run as Administrator Option

b. In the Command Prompt window, enter regsvr32 followed by the

72A-1968-01 Rev. G 03/2013 1-7

Figure 1.2 Command Prompt Window

Depending on the version you’re installing, an RegSvr32 dialog box

Figure 1.3 Registration Successful Message

CAUTION: If you un-install an older version after installing the current