Portfolio On Philippine Politics and Governance: 1 Quarter, 1 Semester
Portfolio On Philippine Politics and Governance: 1 Quarter, 1 Semester
Portfolio On Philippine Politics and Governance: 1 Quarter, 1 Semester
PHILIPPINE POLITICS
AND GOVERNANCE
1ST QUARTER, 1ST SEMESTER
S.Y. 2019-2020
Name:
Name:
I. CONCEPT/CONTEXT
A. CONCEPT
Politicians
When we talk about politics, politicians would be one of the ideas we first
think of because its root word is politics. One would assume that it is related to
politics. Indeed, politicians are one of the important components of politics
because they are the main actor or character here. Positions range from local
offices to executive, legislative, and judicial offices of regional and national
governments. Specificifically, the politicians from the legislative branch which
are the twenty-four Senators of the Senate and 20 percent of whom must be the
Party-list representatives because they are the politicians who’s main role is to
spend more time in making agreements and pasing laws for the betterment of the
country.
Democracy
No matter what form of government a country has, politics is always
involved. And in our country, we have a democratic form of government and one
would easily think that democracy is related to politics. Democracy is a political
system based on representative government, citizen participation in political
process, freedom of citizens, transparency of political acts and process in general.
Law
Law is a system of rules that are created and enforced through social or
governmental institutions to regulate behavior. It has been defined both as "the
Science of Justice" and "the Art of Justice". Law is a system that regulates and
ensures that individuals or a community adhere to the will of the state. State-
enforced laws can be made by a collective legislature or by a single legislator,
resulting in statutes, by the executive through decrees and regulations, or
established by judges through precedent, normally in common law jurisdictions.
Politics is the way in which we understand and order our social affairs, an
acquire greater control over the situation. It is also the strategy for maintaining
cooperation among people with different needs and ideals in life, or for resolving
the conflict within the group, whether this is a family, a tribe, a village or a
nation-state.
1.) Order
Study of politics seeks to study how human life in the aggregate is ordered.
2.) Power
The government cannot maintain order w/o power.
i. There are many sources of power aside from physical force.
Ex. Wealth, eloquent oratory, vigilant secret police, cunning
ii. The more abundant the power source, the greater the capabilities of the
government.
iii. Who rules? In accordance with the law, or is it the just or the moral?
3.) Justice
When the power is exercised in the interest of the ruled, there is justice.
“Human beings use reason and language to declare what is just and unjust.
Therefore it is the peculiarity of man, in comparison with the rest of the animal
world, that he alone possesses a perception of the good and evil. Human faculties
make moral judgment and therefore also political discussion. “
The Legislative branch is authorized to make laws, alter, and repeal them
through the power vested in the Philippine Congress. This institution is
divided into the Senate and the House of Representatives.
Politician is someone who participates in how the the country is run. He/she
is normally part of a political party, or an person holding seeking office in
government. They propose, support and create laws or policies that govern
the land and, by extension, its people.
Legislative branch is authorized to make laws, alter, and repeal them through
the power vested in the Philippine Congress. This institution is divided into
the Senate and House of the Representatives.
Political Party is an organized group of people who have the same ideology,
or who otherwise have the same political positions, and who field candidates
for elections in an attempt to get them elected and thereby implement the
party’s agenda.
III. SUMMARIZATION
High oil prices are caused by high demand and low supply. Low supply occurs
when war or natural disasters curtail exports from oil-producing countries.
Traders often bid up prices when they hear of impending disasters or the threat of
war. Oil prices decline once production resumes.
Basically,high price on oil production becomes an issue because the
consumers can’t afford the price that given,but they still need the product despite
of its high price.And oil is one of the most needed product in our society specially
in terms of transportation. It is likely that both increases in demand and fears of
supply disruptions have exerted upward pressure on oil prices. Global demand for
oil has been increasing, outpacing any gains in oil production and excess capacity.
A large reason is that developing nations, especially China and India, have
been growing rapidly. These economies have become increasingly industrialized
and urbanized, which has contributed to an increase in the world demand for oil.
In addition, in recent years fears of supply disruptions have been spurred by
turmoil in oil-producing countries (Brown 2006). The breathtakingly sharp
increase in the price of oil in the last half of 2007 and first half of 2008 has led
many to argue that increased speculation in commodity markets has played a role,
and indeed there is evidence of increased activity in these markets.
However, whether speculation is playing a role in high oil prices is open to
debate (Krugman 2008). It is also useful to remember that both the demand for
and the supply of oil react sluggishly to changes in prices in the short run, so very
large changes in prices can be required to restore equilibrium if demand should
move even modestly out of line with supply. As far as the implications of higher
oil prices, there are both microeconomic and macroeconomic answers to that
question. I will address both of these aspects in turn. How do high oil prices affect
the economy on a “micro” level? As a consumer, you may already understand the
microeconomic implications of higher oil prices. When observing higher oil
prices, most of us are likely to think about the price of gasoline as well, since
gasoline purchases are necessary for most households. When gasoline prices
increase, a larger share of households’ budgets is likely to be spent on it, which
leaves less to spend on other goods and services. The same goes for businesses
whose goods must be shipped from place to place or that use fuel as a major input
(such as the airline industry).
Higher oil prices tend to make production more expensive for businesses, just
as they make it more expensive for households to do the things they normally do.
It turns out that oil and gasoline prices are indeed very closely related. Moreover,
the monthly changes in oil prices and gasoline prices (not shown) also are very
highly and positively correlated. So, when oil prices spike, you can expect
gasoline prices to spike as well, and that affects the costs faced by the vast
majority of households and businesses.
What effects do oil prices have on the “macro” economy? It is explained how
oil prices affect households and businesses; it is not a far leap to understand how
oil prices affect the macroeconomy. Oil price increases are generally thought to
increase inflation and reduce economic growth. In terms of inflation, oil prices
directly affect the prices of goods made with petroleum products. As mentioned
above, oil prices indirectly affect costs such as transportation, manufacturing, and
heating. The increase in these costs can in turn affect the prices of a variety of
goods and services, as producers may pass production costs on to consumers. The
extent to which oil price increases lead to consumption price increases depends on
how important oil is for the production of a given type of good or service. Oil
price increases can also stifle the growth of the economy through their effect on
the supply and demand for goods other than oil. Increases in oil prices can depress
the supply of other goods because they increase the costs of producing them. In
economics terminology, high oil prices can shift up the supply curve for the goods
and services for which oil is an input. High oil prices also can reduce demand for
other goods because they reduce wealth, as well as induce uncertainty about the
future (Sill 2007). One way to analyze the effects of higher oil prices is to think
about the higher prices as a tax on consumers (Fernald and Trehan 2005). The
simplest example occurs in the case of imported oil. T
V. RECOMMENDATION
VI. REFERENCE
https://www.quora.com/What-is-the-origin-of-word-politics-What-is-its-definition
https://www.bloomsburyprofessional.com/uk/law-in-politics-politics-in-law-
9781782252832/
https://www.google.com/search?
rlz=1C1GGRV_enPH751PH751&ei=J6NGXauaFOaHk74P1bGEqAs&q=purpos
e+of+politics&oq=purpose+of+politics
https://pia.gov.ph/branches-of-govt
https://tamayaosbc.wordpress.com/2010/11/19/basic-concepts-in-politics/