Acid Base Balance
Acid Base Balance
Acid Base Balance
Muresan Simona
BLOOD pH
Acidosis: The blood has too much acid (or too little base), resulting in
a decrease in blood pH.( <7.4)
Alkalosis: The blood has too much base (or too little acid), resulting
in an increase in blood pH.(>7.4)
Acidosis and alkalosis are not diseases but rather are the result of a
wide variety of disorders.
Metabolic alkalosis
Loss of acid from vomiting or drainage of the stomach
Overactive adrenal gland (Cushing's syndrome)
Use of diuretics ( furosemide , ethacrynic acid )
Respiratory alkalosis
Anxiety
Aspirin overdose (early stages)
Fever
Low levels of oxygen in the blood(altitude)
Pain
Diagnosis
pH = − log10[H + ]
Normal values:
- pH - 7.4
- pCO2 - 40 mmHg
- HCO3 – 24 mEq/l