e-ISSN (O): 2348-4470

Scientific Journal of Impact Factor (SJIF): 4.14

p-ISSN (P): 2348-6406

International Journal of Advance Engineering and Research

Development
Volume 3, Issue 12, December -2016

SMART PARKING AND RESERVATION SYSTEM FOR QR-CODE BASED

CAR PARK
1
Shubhangi Lekurwale , 2Kirti Kharke , 3Khushboo Rani , 4Mayuri Gujarathi, 5Minal Shahakar
Computer Science Engineering , DYPIET

Abstract- Parking is a problem for almost everyone today so there has to be a solution, which helps getting rid of
problems arising due to the lack of a proper parking management system. Although various traditional PGIS (Parking
Guidance Information System) exist, they can serve only a few users because it is difficult for such static systems to
disseminate information on a wider scale. So the aim of this study is to provide a dynamic solution by introducing the
concept of parking guidance system over the internet and also using one of the latest techniques available today i.e. the
QR code for the user’s ease. The system is basically designed for a college parking which can further be extended as
required. This system enhances the components of existing parking system available in the colleges. This system runs on
a mobile phone platform and provides a visual display of parking lots available to the user so that the user can book or
reserve a space. Six parking spaces were gathered within College of Engineering, and were published on the web map
server. The Quick Response QR code is affixed at every parking space. The user can thus select the parking space from
the visual display. The user needs to scan the QR Code while parking and unparking the vehicle. The action of the user is
then reflected in the database. The android application was thus developed that can incur the parking information which
was uploaded on the web map server. This system reduces the time which is involved in searching the parking space thus
reducing the fuel consumption, user’s frustration. It reduces vehicle travel time and parking time.

Keywords- Smart Parking , GPS , Android App , QR Code , Scanner.

I. INTRODUCTION

Use of automobiles is increasing day by day which leads to various parking issues. Vehicular population is shooting
out the roof, no amount of space is sufficient to accommodate stationary vehicles. Management of parking has grown to
large extent. The main problem is to manage parking in congested areas. One of the congested area is college campus
.However improving parking on campus is important. The problem is parking spaces are either insufficient according to
the demands of students or these spaces are poorly allocated. Colleges have to try almost every possible way to deal with
problem of campus parking. Parking on campus needs improvement. Users entering the university are allowed to have a
car on campus. With every new freshmen entering parking possess a problem in campus. Problems in parking campus
results in users inconvenience, which results in frustration. Parking the car today need parking policies for safety and
security reasons. There is always competition for the parking space [6]. A good solution to overcome parking crises
would be by increasing the number of parking spaces or else enlarge the parking lots, but this will lead to huge
investment. However better management of existing parking spaces will be wise method. The availability of parking
spaces should be improved. Another approach for managing parking in campus is by improving the efficiency of the use
of existing parking spaces, by informing user about available parking space and guiding him accordingly [1]. Now a day
there is growing popularity and affordability of internet –enabled smartphones and because of data available online we
can step to solve parking problem. Android smartphone enables user to virtually carry the internet with him.

A. Mobile web Map It is a service application providing maps. By using map user can find spaces on his phone [1].
Maps act as communication language of distinct information for viewing whether parking space is engaged or
not. It will inform user about current status of parking lot [4].

B. Quick Response(QR) code It is 2-D barcode which encode numeric and alpha numeric value. QR code encodes
binary information into a square matrix of black and white pixels. QR code scanner application is able to decode
information encrypted in QR code [1]. QR code is used for allocation and de-allocation of space. Hence this
paper focuses on use of user interface including navigations for enhancing efficiency of parking system. The
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 International Journal of Advance Engineering and Research Development (IJAERD)
Volume 3, Issue 12, December -2016, e-ISSN: 2348 - 4470, print-ISSN: 2348-6406

main goal of this paper is to maximize the occupancy of parking lots and develop a user-friendly mechanism
that helps user find and reserve available parking in the campus, in advance [1]. At times of peak parking in the
parking lot, the only primitive way is to accurately provide users with available parking spots inside the parking
lot.

II. LITERATURE SURVEY

IOT are designed to support the Smart City vision, which aims at exploiting the most advanced communication
technologies to support added-value services for the administration of the city and for the citizens. Padova Smart City
Project is the best example of Iot[1].

Parking space is becoming a serious problem due to the day-by-day increase in number of vehicles on the road.
Particularly, in cities with large population, or in places where sports or artistic events are scheduled, looking for parking
space is a major problem and finding a parking spot can be a frustrating experience. Some parking lots have introduced
sensors to detect when a car enters or leaves a parking lot in order to track capacity and alert drivers if they are full[2].

User can also park car with the help of a vacant parking slot detection and tracking system that fuses the sensors of an
Around View Monitor (AVM) system and an ultrasonic sensor-based automatic parking system[3].

A major problem in large and busy trace areas is parking vehicles by searching for empty (and available) spaces. In the
recent days, some parking lot systems are equipped with sensors and micro-controllers to automatically count the cars
parked in the lot[4].

smart parking system for heavy track environments using ZigBee wireless transmission module. The proposed system is
suitable for multi floor buildings and able to send a message to vehicles about the status of parking spaces. The parking
monitoring system continuously collects the data from parking slot detectors and then it intimates the vehicle section[5].

Based on the users oriented parking information recommendation system, the model considers subjective demands of
drivers comprehensively, makes a deeply analysis of the evaluation indicators. This recommendation model uses a
phased selection method to calculate the optimal objective parking lot. The first stage is screening which based on the
users subjective parking demands; the second stage is processing the candidate parking lots through multiple attribute
decision making. Simulation experiments show that this model can effectively solve the problems encountered in the
process of finding optimal parking lot, save the drivers parking time and parking costs and also improve the overall
utilization of parking facilities to ease the trace congestion caused by vehicles parked patrol[6].

The existing car parking system in Malaysia usually required the car drivers to search an empty parking space in the car
park without providing detail direction toward the available parking space. As the result, drivers may waste a lot of time
and unnecessary energy while they turn around in the car park without direction and may cause car traffic congestion in
parking space. This paper investigates the problems of car parking system in Malaysia and finally proposed a Wireless
Mobile-based Car Parking System using low cost SMS service. The implementation of SMS service into the car parking
system enable drivers to receive information regarding the availability of car parking spaces[7].

Renault is actively developing in partnership with research laboratories and outlines its usage in terms of Autonomous
Valet Parking (AVP). During development, a common Renault Zoe vehicle was equipped with sensors, electro-
mechanical actuators and a system of data processing. The perception system corresponds to a fusion between an
ultrasonic system and a camera. It provides the localization of the vehicle, the navigable area around the car and a map of
already visited areas. This information is used afterwards as input for the car control system in order to ensure its
integrity during navigation[8].

secure parking reservation system using Global System for Mobile communications (GSM) technology has been
performed. It helps the drivers from facing the problem that always occurs at the car park, such as time being wasted in
searching for the available parking spaces and keep on circling the parking area until they found an empty parking
spot.[10]

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 International Journal of Advance Engineering and Research Development (IJAERD)
Volume 3, Issue 12, December -2016, e-ISSN: 2348 - 4470, print-ISSN: 2348-6406

III. SYSTEM METHODOLOGIES

1. GPS:- GPS receivers take this information and use trilateration to calculate the user's exact location.

Figure 1. GPS Tracking System Tracking

2. QR code:- QR or Quick Response Codes are a type of two-dimensional barcode that can be read using smartphones
and dedicated QR reading devices, that link directly to text, emails, websites, phone numbers and more! You may have
even got to this site by scanning a QR code.

Figure 2. QR-CODE

3. Scanner:- A scanner is a device that captures images from photographic prints, posters, magazine pages, and similar
sources for computer editing and display. Scanners come in hand-held, feed-in, and flatbed types and for scanning black-
and-white only, or color.

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 International Journal of Advance Engineering and Research Development (IJAERD)
Volume 3, Issue 12, December -2016, e-ISSN: 2348 - 4470, print-ISSN: 2348-6406

Figure 3. QR-CODE Scanning

In this paper , the above mentioned are the key concepts .They are used in this technique to solve the increasing traffic
problem by providing the required information to the driver. It is implemented in following ways:-

1.Initially parking spaces with their longitude and latitude is registered on the web map server to make the
system more dynamic by using internet.
2.Each parking space is uniquely identified by QR Code. The QR code was generated using fields like space id,
latitude and longitude of the space. The QR code is printed and affixed at the corresponding parking spaces.
3.A database that shows all the mapped parking spaces with their attributes is created. A web server Application
Programming Interface, API is established and published over the internet.
4.The user can then access the API using application. The user willing to use the application must be connected
to the internet via his phone. The has to download the application and install the application on his android
smartphone. User has to register himself to the system by giving details like name, password, email-id, phone
number. The user can then log in to the system whenever they needs to reserve a parking space or use the
available space.

Figure 4. Methodology

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 International Journal of Advance Engineering and Research Development (IJAERD)
Volume 3, Issue 12, December -2016, e-ISSN: 2348 - 4470, print-ISSN: 2348-6406

IV. SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE

Figure 5. System Architecture

Now a day there is growing popularity and affordability of internet enabled smart phones and because of data
available online we can step to solve parking problem. Android Smartphone enables user to virtually carry the internet
with him.
1. Mobile web Map It is a service application providing maps. By using map user can find spaces on his phone . Maps
act as communication language of distinct information for viewing whether parking space is engaged or not. It will
inform user about current status of parking lot.
2. Quick Response(QR) code It is 2-D barcode which encode numeric and alpha numeric value. QR code encodes binary
information into a square matrix of black and white pixels. QR code scanner application is able to decode information
encrypted in QR code. QR code is used for allocation and de-allocation of space.
3. Databases It is used to store and update data of registered user for allocating and de-allocating parking lots. The
information required is stored during registration of user and used each time the login procedure is processed for
parking. Parking lots are provided to the users who are already registered. Parking lots are provided after scanning the
QR code. Booked lots are represented by red color, available slots are represented by green and lots which are about to
get available are represented by yellow color.

V. CONCLUSION

The system gives a visual display to the user regarding the current parking scenario. The system reduces work of manual
parking process by converting the entire parking process to automation. The system makes it easy for the user to book or
reserve a space on the smartphone. Thus smartphone acts as a park finder .This ultimately reduces the time that every
driver spends for searching a parking space which then reduces the fuel consumption, traffic volume and environmental
pollution by increasing the efficiency of transportation.

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 International Journal of Advance Engineering and Research Development (IJAERD)
Volume 3, Issue 12, December -2016, e-ISSN: 2348 - 4470, print-ISSN: 2348-6406

VI. FUTURE SCOPE

The goal of smart parking systems is to know where parking is available and to let the driver know as well, making it
easier for cars to find their way into parking spots. Another goal is to understand just where parking is in demand and
when. For cities, this information can be extremely useful. "Parking is generally the second or third largest source of
revenue for a city. So there's a significant financial impact to this."

VII. REFERENCES

[1] Andrea Zanella,Nicola Bui, Angelo Castellani,Lorenzo Vangelista and Michele Zorzi "Internet Of Things" IEEE
Internet Of Things Journal,Feb 2014.

[2] Robin Grodi,Danda B. Rawat,Fernando Rios-Gutierrez "Smart : Parking Occupancy Monitoring and
Visualization System for Smart Cities".

[3] Jae Kyu Suhr and Ho Fusion-Based Vacant Parking Slot Detection and Gi Jung "Sensor Tracking" IEEE
TRANSACTIONS ON INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS.

[4] Abu Asaduzzaman and Kishore K. Chidella "A Time and Energy Efficient Parking System Using ZigBee
Communication Protocol",IEEE.

[5] FU Jiabin,CHEN Zhenxiang,SUN Runyuan,YANG Bo "Reservation Based Optimal Parking Lot

Recommendation Model in Internet of Vehicle Environment".

[6] Soh Chun Khang,Teoh Jie Hong,Tan Saw Chin,Shengqiong Wang "Wireless Mobile-based Shopping Mall Car
Parking System (WMCPS)".

[7] Mehmet Skr Kuran, Aline Carneiro Viana, Luigi Iannone, Daniel Kofman,Gregory Mermoud, and Jean P.
Vasseur "A Smart Parking Lot Management System for Scheduling the Recharging of Electric Vehicles",IEEE.

[8] Mrs.Minal Shahakar,Rupesh Mahajan "Redistribution Of Task Using Load Balancing Heuristics In
Heterogeneous Environment", IJRCEE.

[8] Mihai Chirca,Roland Chapuis,Roland Lenain "Autonomous Valet Parking System Architecture",IEEE 18th
International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems.

[9] Nilufar Neyestani,Maziar Yazdani Damavandi, Miadreza Shafie-Khah,Javier Contreras and Joo P.
S.Catalo"Allocation of Plug-In Vehicles' Parking Lots in Distribution Systems Considering Network-
Constrained Objectives",IEEE.

[10] Yusnita Rahayu and Fariza N. Mustapa "A Secure Parking Reservation System Using GSM
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