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    Struggle For Democracy

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    M Muneeb Saeed
    Queen Elizabeth tried to please the majority of people in England and called Parliament every few years as she was dependent on them for decisions around war and reforms. James Stuart believed in the divine right of kings to rule as they pleased, bringing him into conflict with Parliament. His son Charles I also failed to understand the English tradition of parliamentary liberty, leading to civil war between royalists and parliamentarians. Charles was eventually captured, put on trial for treason, and executed in 1649. Oliver Cromwell emerged as the dominant power during the Commonwealth but could not establish anything to replace the monarchy. Charles II was restored as king in 1660 after Cromwell's death. The Glorious Revolution of 1688 saw William and Mary take the throne

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    Struggle For Democracy

    Uploaded by

    M Muneeb Saeed
    49 views2 pages
    Queen Elizabeth tried to please the majority of people in England and called Parliament every few years as she was dependent on them for decisions around war and reforms. James Stuart believed in the divine right of kings to rule as they pleased, bringing him into conflict with Parliament. His son Charles I also failed to understand the English tradition of parliamentary liberty, leading to civil war between royalists and parliamentarians. Charles was eventually captured, put on trial for treason, and executed in 1649. Oliver Cromwell emerged as the dominant power during the Commonwealth but could not establish anything to replace the monarchy. Charles II was restored as king in 1660 after Cromwell's death. The Glorious Revolution of 1688 saw William and Mary take the throne

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    Struggle for democracy

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    Struggle for democracy

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    Queen Elizabeth tried to please the majority of people in England and called Parliament every few years as she was dependent on them for decisions around war and reforms. James Stuart believed in the divine right of kings to rule as they pleased, bringing him into conflict with Parliament. His son Charles I also failed to understand the English tradition of parliamentary liberty, leading to civil war between royalists and parliamentarians. Charles was eventually captured, put on trial for treason, and executed in 1649. Oliver Cromwell emerged as the dominant power during the Commonwealth but could not establish anything to replace the monarchy. Charles II was restored as king in 1660 after Cromwell's death. The Glorious Revolution of 1688 saw William and Mary take the throne

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    49 views2 pages

    Struggle For Democracy

    Uploaded by

    M Muneeb Saeed
    Queen Elizabeth tried to please the majority of people in England and called Parliament every few years as she was dependent on them for decisions around war and reforms. James Stuart believed in the divine right of kings to rule as they pleased, bringing him into conflict with Parliament. His son Charles I also failed to understand the English tradition of parliamentary liberty, leading to civil war between royalists and parliamentarians. Charles was eventually captured, put on trial for treason, and executed in 1649. Oliver Cromwell emerged as the dominant power during the Commonwealth but could not establish anything to replace the monarchy. Charles II was restored as king in 1660 after Cromwell's death. The Glorious Revolution of 1688 saw William and Mary take the throne

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    of 2

    QUEEN ELIZABETH

    The position of Queen Elizabeth was not secure so she tried to please the majority of the
    people. She called the parliament after every few years. She was completely dependent
    on decision making upon the parliament like in the war with Spain and religious reforms
    etc.

    THE STUART KINGS


    James Stuart was a Scottish Catholic who believed in the "Divine Right" to rule as he
    pleased. This brought him into conflict with the English Parliament. The failed Catholic
    Gunpowder Plot to blow up Parliament in 1605 led to anti catholic riots. The failure of
    both James and his son Charles I to understand the English tradition of parliamentary
    liberty led eventually to civil war.

    James died unlamented in 1625. Charles I immediately came in to conflict with


    Parliament. He tried to rule without summoning parliament for 11 years, but eventually
    ran out of money and summoned Parliament in 1640

    LONG PARLIAMENT AND THE CIVIL WARS


    Parliament was naturally peeved about his neglect of their
    rights. They refused him money, and the country split
    between supporters of the king and supporters of
    parliament. The Long Parliament was first called by King
    Charles I on 3 November 1640, six months after the
    dissolution of the Short Parliament and within weeks of the
    defeat of the English in the Bishops' Wars against Scotland.
    The King was reluctant to summon another Parliament but
    the expense of the wars had left him desperately short of
    money and in urgent need of parliamentary subsidies.
    The Long Parliament sat throughout the First and Second
    Civil wars until December 1648, when it was purged by the
    New Model Army. The Purged Parliament (or the "Rump"
    of the Long Parliament) was expelled by Oliver Cromwell in April 1653. The Long
    Parliament was reinstated in February 1660 after the fall of the Cromwellian Protectorate
    and was formally dissolved on 16 March 1660.

    The first major Engagement of the Civil War was at Edge hill in the Cotswolds on 1642.
    Indecision among the Royalists and the moulding of the New Model army by the
    parliamentarians led to Parliament gaining the upper hand, and by 1645 Cromwell won
    the decisive Battle of Naseby. Charles was captured and put on trial for treason in 1649.
    He refused to recognise the court, but was regardless found guilty. 59 republicans signed
    the death warrant and after the restoration Charles II prosecuted those that he could.

    COMMONWEALTH AND THE RESTORATION OF


    CHARLES II
    Oliver Cromwell and the army emerged as the power in the land. Cromwell dissolved
    parliament with the words "Depart I say, and let us have done with you. In the name of
    God , go!" It was the start of England's only period of dictatorship Cromwell was unable
    to find anything to replace the monarchy. When he died in 1658 his son Richard suceeded
    him, but "Tumbledown Dick" was not a man to rule Britain, and in 1660 Charles II was
    restored to the throne his father had died for.

    GLORIOUS REVELOUTION AND THE BILL OF RIGHTS


    1688
    Charles II wanted to regain the power enjoyed by
    the previous Kings. Three years later he was
    driven off and his daughter succeeded the crown.
    The parliament made them sign “The bill of
    rights” which included the following points.

    1. Suspending power
    2. Late dispensing power
    3. Ecclesiastical courts illegal Charles II execution
    4. Levying money
    5. Right to petition
    6. Standing army
    7. Subjects' arms
    8. Freedom of election
    9. Freedom of speech
    10. Excessive bail
    11. Juries
    12. Grants of forfeiture
    13. Frequent Parliaments

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