Importance of Science in Space Exploration

Our society has been suffering from several problems and people's demand to spend on space exploration is one
of them. For instance, "Space exploration is the ongoing discovery and exploration of celestial structures in outer space by
continually evolving and growing space technology.”
There are a lot of misconceptions about the word "space," people used to describe it as, "where flying rocks
found" but in reality, it has a planet, stars, clusters, solar, systems, galaxies, etc. A scientist uses space exploration to
understand weather, climate change, aerodynamics, thermodynamics, geology and many more. And one of the examples of
this project for space exploration is the sending of rovers to Mars. In 2012, the rover landed on Mars with the reason, if
Mars was suitable for life. This rover that the scientist use helps them decide what distinct part is the planet made. Hence,
space exploration is something that helps us learn the essential things for our society to develop our understanding of life
and life on another planet.
While the importance of science in space carries out a significant role in which it acquires a dimension of research
that gathers a variety of relevant data that help a scientist to get a piece of information about the natural universe. And the
ability of a scientist to put an instrument in the outer space is one of the opportunities of collecting data used to support
their search for knowledge and enhancement of ideas.
The Sputnik 1 is a 184-pound capsule satellite launched by a man and the Explorer 1 space satellite are the
examples of satellites used for many purposes, including scientific research, military support, weather observation, earth
imaging, and communication. Some scientist uses these satellites for a single mission while the other performs several
functions that truly helps scientist to collect particular data that they need. In reality, science is naturally the framework for
modern technology and economic growth. We cannot continually depend on the current facts and knowledge; preferably,
we must look beyond the understanding of the world around us.
The technology involves with space exploration are:
1. Cassini-Huygens Probe
The Cassini-Huygens mission is a joint effort between NASA and ESA. NASA's Cassini probe arrived at Saturn in
2004, and dropped ESA's Huygens probe into the atmosphere of Saturn's mysterious moon, Titan, which has a thick
atmosphere and weather that is surprisingly similar to Earth's. Scientists are still poring over data from the Titan mission,
and Cassini's many on-board instruments continue to provide us with data on Saturn, as well as its magnetosphere and its
icy, watery moon Enceladus.
2. Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter
Launched in 2005 by NASA, the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO) is currently orbiting Mars, studying the
history of water on the planet. It's analysing geographical features like canyons that might have been created by water, as
well as using a spectrometer to analyse the chemical composition of the Martian surface. Its HiRISE camera can spy objects
as "small as a dinner table," according to NASA, and it has even captured images of the three Martian rovers that are
currently rolling (or parked) on the Martian regolith.
3. Hubble Space Telescope
Launched into orbit in 1990, the Hubble truly is one of the greatest space instruments in the history of humanity.
And it has been updated significantly in the twenty-first century. Powered by sunlight, equipped with multiple instruments
and cameras for capturing images of deep space, the Hubble has shown us images of the universe that would have been
impossible for Earth-based telescopes. Using Hubble, we've discovered dark energy, figured out the identities of quasars,
gotten a more accurate date for the origin of the universe, and spotted countless galaxies at every stage of their life cycles.
NASA estimates that over 10,000 scientific papers have been written based on data gathered by Hubble.
4. Kepler Spacecraf
This low-cost orbital telescope was launched in 2009 with the sole purpose of locating exoplanets in the Milky
Way galaxy. Since that time, it has discovered, according to NASA, "2,740 potential planets orbiting 2,036 stars." Knowing
that we have discovered so many planets — a small fraction of what likely exists — has transformed our understanding of
our place in the galaxy, and the universe
5. WISE and NeoWISE Probe
The Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer conducted two missions in its life as a probe. First, it conducted one of the
most extensive surveys of the galaxy in human history, discovering everything from brown dwarf stars (which are often
candidates for planets) to stellar nurseries. Astronomers are still analyzing the data it took in its massive sky survey. In a
follow-up mission called NeoWISE, the telescope also surveyed the solar system and the volume of space near Earth for
asteroids and comets. Many of these are "near-Earth objects" (NEOs) that desperately needed to be mapped so that we
could understand what dangers lie ahead for Earth. Knowing where the NEOs are helps us understand whether we are at
risk of an impact that could potentially be devastating.
6. SELENE Lunar Orbiter
The Japanese space program, JAXA, launched this lunar satellite in 2007. It was nicknamed Kaguya, for the
Japanese moon princess, and its mission was to study the geology and magnetic field of the Moon. It also offered us the
most detailed, precise maps of the lunar surface in history — resulting in astonishing videos.
7. SpaceX's Falcon 9 Rocket
Though the Falcon 9 rocket from SpaceX may not have represented a great step forward technologically, it was
revolutionary in terms of what it meant for the viability of a commercial space flight industry. The first privately-owned
space vessel to help a craft (the Dragon) rendezvous with the International Space Station, this product of Elon Musk's
entrepreneurial dreams has stepped into the place that NASA's Space Shuttles once occupied. And it presages a century
where commercial spaceflight might become a reality — turning the solar system into a version of what the oceans were in
the sixteenth century.
Psychologically. And finally, it is a symbol to all of Homo sapiens that the road to human civilization beyond Earth is now
open — and we're taking our first steps on it.

Kinds of Satellite
•Communications satellite. • Military satellite.
•Direct-broadcast satellite. • Reconnaissance satellite.
•Earth observation satellite. • Navigation satellite.
•Geosynchronous satellite. • Tracking and data relay satellite.
• Weather satellite.
 Advantages and Disadvantages of Space Exploration
Space exploration has been part of human history since then. Our ancient ancestors looked up in the sky and
wondered about the sun, star, and the moon. From then, they started to make different myths and legend to explain the
presence of it. There are also theories that are made to understand the existence of it although there are several theories
that are incorrect, it is still a big foundation to the modern scientific thought. As time passed by, we became more eager to
discover such celestial bodies. They started to developed technologies to explore the vastness of the space. Some people
wanted to explore more of the universe but, some thinks that the disadvantages that we gain from it outweigh the benefits
that we receive. Just like any other things we always come up with the pros and cons of space exploration. In this report,
we could be able to know more about the advantages and disadvantages of space exploration.
Advantages
Let start off with the advantages of space exploration. First is the understanding the natural world, whether we
like it or not space exploration is always part of our day-to-day life. One of the aims of NASA’s research is the satellite
missions that would help to observe the earth from a distance. With that, scientist around the world could understand the
earth’s atmosphere that helped in the improvements in the weather and natural disaster predictions. We also know that so
far, the earth is the only thing we know that could sustain life. So, with the continuation of space exploration, we would
know if there are other places in the outer space that could sustain life. Second is that space explorations play a part in the
economic benefits. Space exploration is not just for scientist and astronauts, research, and travel creates hundreds of
thousand jobs also for those skilled workers. Lastly, it also plays a huge part in the discovery of the different inventions that
as of now benefited a million of people in different ways. Discoveries related to space have helped advance medicine,
transportation, public safety, consumer goods production, environmental and agricultural resource management, computer
technology, and industrial productivity.
Disadvantages
Disadvantages of space exploration include the probability of polluting the space. Basically, it is one of the biggest
concern of some people, some people argues that we are polluting the space with our old satellites, space equipment and
rocket launch boosters that float aimlessly around the universe. Scientist are still working on how we could possibly get the
junk from the outer space but as of now, it is still one of the major problem that we are handling for the space explorations.
Next is the High Cost of space exploration some tends to think that the cost of space exploration is not worth it with how
much it cost. In 2011 NASA celebrated the 30th anniversary of the space shuttle program. At that time, that program was
estimated to have cost $196.5 billion by the end of 2011. Lastly, the danger it brought to the astronauts. According to my
research, one of the most tragic accidents associated with the American space program is the explosion of the space shuttle
Challenger. On January 28, 1986 the space shuttle exploded just 73 seconds into its flight, killing the crew of seven on
board. The shuttle program was put on hiatus for 32 months after the explosion. But with these experiences we able to
developed much more effective and safer technology that we could possibly use on the next space exploration.