International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR)

ISSN (Online): 2319-7064

Index Copernicus Value (2015): 78.96 | Impact Factor (2015): 6.391

Impact of Mivan Formwork over Conventional

Formwork
Aaqib Majid Khan1, Chitranjan Kumar2
1
Research Scholar, Department of Civil Engineering, Alfalah University, Faridabad, Haryana, India
2
Asst Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Alfalah University, Faridabad, Haryana, India

Abstract: This paper describes in brief the the need of mivan formwork in the Indian construction industry.Construction is one of the
significant sectors of Indian economy and is an integral part of the development.With the globalization of Indian economy and
introduction of multinationals in India for the construction and nations pride program of golden quadrilateral, it has become foremost
to have speedy construction and timely completion of projects. Now days, low waste modern formwork systems for superstructure
construction are commonly adopted. Formwork system affects on the cost, time, and quality of project delivery. But still these formwork
systems are not much used in India and most of the contractors do not like to shift to the latest technology as they have the doubt of
facing losses in the project and they are very much familiar with the existing formwork type, the conventional type. At the same time they
believe that these formwork systems are bit expensive. This study is based on the survey conducted on a construction site namely Jaypee
Krescent Homes at sec 134 Noida UP. This paper describes the comparative analysis of conventional formwork and tailor made
(MIVAN) formwork on the basis of cost, quality time and strength parameters.

1. Introduction “Formwork is the term given to either temporary or

permanent moulds into whichconcrete or similar
The traditional mode of construction for individual houses materials are poured”.
comprising load bearing walls with an appropriate roof
above or reinforced concrete (RC) framed structure Requirements of a good formwork
construction with infill masonry walls would be totally The essential requirements of formwork or shuttering are: -
inadequate for mass housing construction industry in view of a) It should be strong enough to take the dead and live loads
the rapid rate of construction. Further, such constructions are during construction.
prone to poor quality control even in case of contractors with b) The joints in the formwork should be rigid so that the
substantial resources and experience. bulging, twisting, or sagging due to dead and live load is
as small as possible. Excessive deformation may
“For undertaking mass housing works, it is necessary to disfigure the surface of concrete.
have innovative technologies which are capable of fast c) The construction lines in the formwork should be true
rate construction and are able to deliver good qualityand and the surface plane so that the cost finishing the surface
durable structure in cost effective manner”. of concrete on removing the shuttering is the least.
d) The formwork should be easily removable without
Several systems are adopted at different places in the world; damage to itself so that it could be used repeatedly.
eventually the systems which are reasonably economical and
easy for operation with skilled labor are useful in India. 2.2 Types of Formwork
Certain systems are in vogue and more and more contractors
are trying to bring in new technologies. These are essentially The material most commonly being used to date is timber.
based on the basis of mode of construction, namely, pre-cast However, due to the depleting forest reserves and increasing
construction or in-situ construction. cost of timber the use of alternate materials such as plywood
and steel has become prominent. More recently, materials
2. Formwork such as plastics and fiberglass are also being used for pre-
fabricating formwork. The type of material to be used
When concrete is placed, it is in plastic state. It requires to depends on the nature of construction as well as availability
be supported by temporary supports and castings of desired and cost of material. The constraints on the project such as
shape till it becomes sufficiently strong to support its own overall cost, time of completion also play a major role in the
weight. This temporary casing is known as the formwork or use of a Particular material for formwork.
forms or shuttering. The term moulds is sometimes used to
indicate formwork of relatively small units such as lintels, Timber Formwork
cornices etc. Steel Formwork
Plastics Formwork
2.1 Definition of formwork
2.3 Aluminium Formwork (MIVAN)
“Forms or moulds or shutters are the receptacles in
which concrete is placed, so thatit will have desired shape Forms made from aluminum are in many respects similar to
or outline when hardened. Once concrete develops the those made of steel. However, because of their lower
adequatestrength to support its own weight they can be density, aluminum forms are lighter than steel forms, and
taken out”. this is their primary advantage when compared to steel. As
the strength of aluminum in handling, tension and

Volume 6 Issue 7, July 2017

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Paper ID: ART20175853 2060
 International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR)
ISSN (Online): 2319-7064
Index Copernicus Value (2015): 78.96 | Impact Factor (2015): 6.391
compression is less than the strength of steel, it is necessary 2.6 Modular Formwork
to use large sections. The formwork turns out to be
economical if large numbers of reuses are made in The formwork system is precisely-engineered system
construction. The major disadvantage of aluminum forms is fabricated in aluminium. Using this system, all the elements
that no changes can be made once the formwork is of a building namely, load bearing walls, columns, beams,
fabricated. floor slabs, stairs, balconies etc can be constructed with cast
in place concrete. The resulting structure has a good quality
2.4 MIVAN: - A Versatile Formwork surface finish and accurate dimensional tolerances. Further,
the construction speed is high and the work can be done in a
The system of aluminum forms (MIVAN) has been used cost effective manner.
widely in the construction of residential units and mass
housing projects. It is fast, simple, adaptable and cost – The modular nature of the formwork system allows easy
effective. It produces total quality work which requires fixing and removal of formwork and the construction can
minimum maintenance and when durability is the prime proceed speedily with very little deviation in dimensional
consideration. This system is most suitable for Indian tolerances. Further, the system is quite flexible and can be
condition as a tailor–made aluminum formwork for cast–in– easily adapted for any variations in the layout.
situ fully concrete structure.
The availability of concrete from ready mix concrete facility
2.5 Background has augured well for the use of this work system. However,
the proliferation of RMC facilities in the cities in India and
Mivan is basically an aluminium formwork system the willingness to use mechanized means of transport and
developed by one of the construction company from Europe. placing of concrete, the use of aluminium formwork system
In 1990, the Mivan Company Ltd from Malaysia started the has received a boost. The quality of the resulting concrete is
manufacturing of such formwork systems. Nowadays more found to be superior.
than 30,000 sq m of formwork used in the world are under
their operation. In Mumbai, India there are number of Structurally speaking, the adoption of the closed box system
buildings constructed with the help of the above system using monolithic concrete construction has been found to be
which has been proved to be very economical and the most efficient alternatives. The stresses in both the
satisfactory for Indian Construction Environment. concrete and steel are observed to be much lower even when
The technology has been used extensively in other countries horizontal forces due to wind or earthquake are taken into
such as Europe, Gulf Countries, Asia and all other parts of consideration.
the world. MIVAN technology is suitable for constructing
large number of houses within short time using room size The formwork system can be used for construction for all
forms to construct walls and slabs in one continuous pour on types of concrete systems, that is, for a framed structure
concrete. Early removal of forms can be achieved by hot air involving column beam –slab elements or for box-type
curing / curing compounds. This facilitates fast construction, structure involving slab-walls combination.
say two flats per day. All the activities are planned in
assembly line manner and hence result into more accurate, 3. Construction Activities with Mivan
well – controlled and high quality production at optimum Formwork
cost and in shortest possible time.
The construction activities are divided as pre – concrete
In this system of formwork construction, cast – in – situ activities, during concreting and post – concrete activities.
concrete wall and floor slabs cast monolithic provides the They are as follows:
structural system in one continuous pour. Large room sized
forms for walls and floors slabs are erected at site. These 3.1 Pre – Concrete Activities
forms are made strong and sturdy, fabricated with accuracy
and easy to handle. They afford large number of repetitions a) Receipt of Equipment on Site – The equipments is
(around 250). The concrete is produced in RMC batching received in the site as ordered.
plants under strict quality control and convey it to site with b) Level Surveys – Level checking are made to maintain
transit mixers. horizontal level check.
c) Setting Out – The setting out of the formwork is done.
The frames for windows and door as well as ducts for d) Control / Correction of Deviation – Deviation or any
services are placed in the form before concreting. Staircase correction are carried out.
flights, facade panels, chajjas and jails etc. and other pre- e) Erect Formwork – The formwork is erected on site.
fabricated items are also integrated into the structure. This f) Erect Deck Formwork – Deck is erected for labours to
proves to be a major advantage as compared to other modern work.
construction techniques. g) Setting Kickers – kickers are provided over the beam.
The method of construction adopted is no difference except After the above activities have been completed it is
for that the sub – structure is constructed using conventional necessary to check the following.
techniques. The super–structure is constructed using 1) All formwork should be cleaned and coated with
MIVAN techniques. The integrated use the technology approved realize agent.
results in a durable structure. 2) Ensure wall formwork is erected to the setting out lines.
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Paper ID: ART20175853 2061
 International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR)
ISSN (Online): 2319-7064
Index Copernicus Value (2015): 78.96 | Impact Factor (2015): 6.391
3) Check all openings are of correct dimensions, not twist. 3.6 Striking
4) Check all horizontal formwork (deck soffit, and beam
soffit etc.) in level. Once cleaned and transported to the next point of erection,
5) Ensure deck and beam props are vertical and there is panels should be stacked at right place and in right order.
vertical movement in the prop lengths. Proper stacking is a clean sign of a wall – managed
6) Check wall ties, pins and wedges are all in position and operation greatly aids the next sequence of erection as well
secure. as prevents clutters and impend other activities
7) Any surplus material or items to be cleared from the area
to be cast. 3.7 Objective of Study
8) Ensure working platform brackets are securely fastened
to the concrete. 1) To compare the cost of building by using conventional
formwork technique & by using MIVAN formwork
3.2 On Concrete Activities technique.
2) To compare the Duration of building by using
At least two operatives should be on standby during conventional formwork technique & by using MIVAN
concreting for checking pins, wedges and wall ties as the formwork technique.
pour is in progress. Pins, wedges or wall ties missing could 3) To carry out which formwork is best for construction of
lead to a movement of the formwork and possibility of the building.
formwork being damaged. This – affected area will then 4) To understand the concept of MIVAN formwork
required remedial work after striking of the formwork. All above mention points will have been studied on alive
Things to look for during concreting: case study.
1) Dislodging of pins / wedges due to vibration.
2) Beam / deck props adjacent to drop areas slipping due to 4. Comparison of Mivan formwork system with
vibration. Conventional Construction
3) Ensure all bracing at special areas slipping due to
vibration. The below shows the relative comparison between the
4) Overspill of concrete at window opening etc. Mivan form work system and the conventional system. The
comparison is made on the factors such as speed of
3.3 Post – Concrete Activities construction, quality of construction, aesthetics, external
finishes and maintenance.
1) Strike Wall Form- It is required to strike down the wall
form. Speed of construction
2) Strike Deck Form- The deck form is then removed. The speed of construction is much slower due to step by step
3) Clean, Transport and stack formwork completion of different stages of the activities such as
4) Strike Kicker Formwork – The kicker are removed. erection of formwork, concreting and deshuttering and
5) Strike wall – Mounted on a Working Platform the wall thereafter plastering and other finishing activities. In this
are fitted on next floor. system the wall and the floors are casted simultaneously in
6) Erect Wall – Mount Working Platform and the wall is one continuous operation and also the finishing work can be
erected. started immediately, so the speed of the construction is much
Normally all formwork can be struck after 12 hours. The faster.
post – concreting activities includes:
Quality
3.4 Cleaning Due to conventional method of construction normal quality
is obtained. Superior quality is obtained due to in-situ
All components should be cleaned with scrapers and wire casting of whole structure and transverse walls done in
brushes as soon as they are struck. Wire brush is to be used continuous operation
on side rails only. The longer cleaning is delayed, the more
difficult the task will be. It is usually best to clean panels in Aesthetics
the area where they are struck. In the case of conventional construction the partition walls
are made up of bricks due to which the column and the beam
3.5 Transporting: show unsightly projections in room interiors. In case of
Mivan system the partition wall and the ceiling elements are
There are basic three methods recommended when casted together due to which the interiors have neat and
transporting to the next floor: clean lines without unsightly projections in various corners.
1) The heaviest and the longest, which is a full height wall The wall and the ceilings also have a smooth even surface.
panel, can be carried up the nearest stairway.
2) Passes through void areas. External finishes
3) Rose through slots specially formed in the floor slab for All the external walls are made up of bricks, so it requires
this purpose. Once they have served their purpose they manual cement plastering which needs to be repainted
are closed by casting in concrete filter frequently.
All the external walls are made up of concrete and do not
require manual cement plastering and also have smooth
finishing, so this will need no frequent repainting.
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 International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR)
ISSN (Online): 2319-7064
Index Copernicus Value (2015): 78.96 | Impact Factor (2015): 6.391
Maintenance Compressive testing result
The maintenance cost is too high as it requires frequent Load (KN) Strength N/mm2
repairs of plasters of wall and ceilings, painting of outer and S.No Day Admixtured Admixtured
Conventional Conventional
inner walls due to leakages. The maintenance cost is concrete concrete
negligible as the walls and ceiling are made up of high 1 7 414 453 18.4 20.17
quality concrete which do not require frequent repairs. 2 14 577 610 25.67 27.12
3 28 798 910 35.48 40.12
Cost Comparison
Comparison on the basis of the on site survey conducted at By using admixture the workability of concrete is increased
Jaypee Krescent Homes Noida UP. by 120 whereas the strength of concrete is increased by 12%.

Details of the building: 5. Comparison based on time

This project is a part of the massive housing project at
sec.135 Noida UP.The name of the project whole project is Work cycle
Jaypee Wish Town,and the survey is carried out on the MIVAN is a system for scheduling & controlling the work
Jaypee Crescent Homes tower no.30.Here are the details of of other connected construction trades such as steel
the building. reinforcement, concrete placements & electrical inserts. The
1) Grade of concrete :M35 work at site hence follows a particular sequence. The work
2) Slump :180mm-200mm cycle begins with the deshuttering of the panels. It takes
3) Wall thickness :External:200mm;Internal:100mm about 12-15hrs. It is followed by positioning of the brackets
4) Steel :Partition wall:10mm; Structural:12mm; &platforms on the level. It takes about 10-15hrs
ShearWall:16mm simultaneously.
5) Slab thickness: Hall=175mm; Bedroom:150mm;
Kitchen:125mm The deshuttered panels are lifted & fixed on the floor .The
6) Finishing: Internal: Paint over gypsum; External: Texture activity requires 7-10hrs Kicker and External shutters are
paint fixed in 7 hrs. The wall shutters are erected in 6-8 hrs. One
7) No.of floors :25 Floors of the major activity reinforcement requires 10-12 hrs. The
8) Area :3BHK 184sq.m fixing of the electrical conduits takes about 10 hrs and
finally pouring of concrete takes place in these.
Cost by Cost by
S.
Parameter Conventional Mivan Cost Saving This is a well synchronized work cycle for a period of 7
No
technology Technology days. A period of 10-12 hrs is left after concreting for the
Wooden materials= concrete to gain strength before the beginning of the next
Shuttering after Rs 88.50/sq.m Rs.83.8/
1 Rs.104.63/sq/m cycle. This work schedule has been planned for 1010-1080
repitations MS Material= sq.m
Rs.100/sq/m
sq m of formwork with 72-25cu m of concreting &
2 Concreting Rs.1400/sq.m 1505 Rs.-105/sq/m approximate reinforcement.
3 Reinforcement Rs.1480/sq.m 2115 Rs.-635.2/sq/m
4 Brickwork Rs.484/sq.m 0 Rs.480/sq/m The formwork assembling at the site is a quick & easy
5 Plaster Rs.700/sq.m 0 Rs.700/sq/m process. On leaving the MIVAN factory all panels are
Total cost saving Rs.548.43 clearly labeled to ensure that they are easily identifiable on
site and can be smoothly fitted together using formwork
Comparison based on strength: modulation drawings. All formwork begins from corners and
Admixture used:Master Glenium ACE 30 JP proceeds from there.
Specifications:
 Appearance :Brownish liquid The system usually follows a four day cycle: -
 Specific Gravity :1.00-1.02gm/cm3
Day 1: -The first activity consists of erection of vertical
 PH Value :6-9
reinforcement bars and one side of the vertical formwork for
the entire floor or a part of one floor.
Concrete Mix Design:
 Grade designation Day 2: -The second activity involves erection of the second
 Type of cement side of the vertical formwork and formwork for the floor
 Reduced water content for admixture
 Mix design Day 3: - Fixing reinforcement bars for floor slabs and
Conventional concrete :1:1.4:2.2 casting of walls and slabs.
Concrete using Admixture : 1:1.2:3.2
Day 4: -Removal of vertical form work panels after 24hours,
Slump Test Result leaving the props in place for 7 days and floor slab
Sr.No Description Slump formwork in place for 2.5 days.
1 Conventional concrete 100mm from top
2 Concrete using Admixture 200mm from top

Volume 6 Issue 7, July 2017

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Licensed Under Creative Commons Attribution CC BY
Paper ID: ART20175853 2063
 International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR)
ISSN (Online): 2319-7064
Index Copernicus Value (2015): 78.96 | Impact Factor (2015): 6.391
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