VTP is a VLAN administration protocol that allows VLAN configurations to be automatically propagated across all switches in a VTP domain. It provides a centralized management approach for VLANs, allowing changes made on the VTP server to be synchronized to all other switches. VTP operates in three modes - server, client, and transparent - with the server capable of modifying VLAN configurations and propagating changes via VTP advertisements to other switches in the domain.
VTP is a VLAN administration protocol that allows VLAN configurations to be automatically propagated across all switches in a VTP domain. It provides a centralized management approach for VLANs, allowing changes made on the VTP server to be synchronized to all other switches. VTP operates in three modes - server, client, and transparent - with the server capable of modifying VLAN configurations and propagating changes via VTP advertisements to other switches in the domain.
VTP is a VLAN administration protocol that allows VLAN configurations to be automatically propagated across all switches in a VTP domain. It provides a centralized management approach for VLANs, allowing changes made on the VTP server to be synchronized to all other switches. VTP operates in three modes - server, client, and transparent - with the server capable of modifying VLAN configurations and propagating changes via VTP advertisements to other switches in the domain.
VTP is a VLAN administration protocol that allows VLAN configurations to be automatically propagated across all switches in a VTP domain. It provides a centralized management approach for VLANs, allowing changes made on the VTP server to be synchronized to all other switches. VTP operates in three modes - server, client, and transparent - with the server capable of modifying VLAN configurations and propagating changes via VTP advertisements to other switches in the domain.
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VTP notes:
Vtp is vlan trunking protocol
It is cisco properiatery.but now there is open standard too, called MVRP multivlan registration protocol.vtp has three flavours , version 1,2 and 3.
What does VTP do?
Vtp is basically a vlan administration protocol, which works in switches connected over trunk link. By default switches donot propagate the vlan configuration over the trunk links to other connected switches.so if vlan have to be added int the network it hasa to be done manually on each switch by the administrator in the absence of other mechanism.
VTP provides for managing the vlan database over a switching domain.
Vtp version 2 is enabled by default on the switches.
Vtp works on Domain basis. Allthe switches in a vtp domain are administered by one switch designated aas vtp server.
By default all switches are in vtp server mode.
So there are three modes of vtp:
1. Server mode. 2. Client mode. 3. Transparent mode.
Vtp is not enabled by default on cisco switches.it has to be configured on all the participating switches by the network administrator.
So the configuration of VTP involves assigning :
1. Domain name 2. Version 3. Password 4. Mode
By default there is no password, domain name .
The changes in VTP configuration are kept in record by something called CRN configuration revision number. The initial value of CRN is zero,0.
As changes made in vlans, i.e., added name or removed the configuration number changes and is incremented by one for each change.
All switches must be made aware of these changes and keep the highest CRN update in their memory.NVRAM. So VTP uses updates called VTP Advertisements to keep track of vlan database and update these dynamically.
That’s all needed to configure the VTP in a switching domain.
Vtp mode server
A switch in server vtp mode has following properties:
It can alter vlan configuration.i.e., add , remove or rename vlANS
create and receive and forward vtp advertisements
Saves the configuration in NVRAM
Synchronizes with its local vlan.dat file based on higher CRN in the advertisement
Default vtp mode on all the cisco switches
Vtp server generates vtp summary advertisements every 2 seconds and multicasts in the entire vtp domain.
Vtp mode client
Switch in vtp mode client
Cannot alter, add,remove or rename vlans .
Can only receive and forward vtp advertisements of the same domain.
Can synchronize vlan information based on higher CRN in the vtp advt.
Cannot save update in NVRAM
Vtp mode transparent
Switch in vtp mode transparent can only add,remove, alter vlans on the local vlan database .it will not change the CRN .
Value of configuration number on a transparent switch always remains 0
It saves the configuration in NVRAM.
It can receive vtp advertisements and relay as received from other switches in the vtp domain
these but cannot send them or create vtp advertisements.
Its local vlan information is not included in the vtp advertisemtns.
Vtp version1 | vtp version 2
Can receive only version 1 and relay version 2 advt. |can send and receive version 2 and 1 both
Version 3 is also there it works independent of the domain name. there is a primary server, secondary server, client and transparent and off mode in vtp version 3 .
Vtp version 3 can send , receive 1,2,3 updates.
Switch configured in VTP domain should have same version for proper working as version 1 switch will not send forward vtp advertisements to a version 2 switch and vtp will not work as required.
Trunking should be configured or negotiated on the links connecting the switches before VTP may function properly.
