arakomerciuli gamomcemloba saga

jibis wignis seria 5

media _ kultura _ sazogadoeba

1
aka morCilaZe (­giorgi axvlediani, dabadebu-
li 1966 wels, 10 ­noem­bers,­TbilisSi) _ qarTve-
li mwerali, istorikosi, postsa­bWoTa ­qar-
Tuli literaturis bestselerebis­ ­avtori.
1988 wels ­daam­­Ta­vra ­Tbilisis ­saxelmwifo
universitetis ­­istoriis ­fakul­teti, sadac­
­dRemde moRva­weobs. 90-iani wlebis dasa­
wyisSi parale­lurad muSaobda ­­­saparla­mento
sxdomebis mimomxilvelad yovel­dRi­ur ga-
zeTSi `rezo­nansi~ da, agreTve,­ ­Jurnalistad
yviTel presaSi. amJamad aris ­Tavisufali­
avtori qarTul gazeTebsa da Jurnaleb-
Si­ gamoqveynebuli eseisturi narkveve­bisa.
­avtoria wignebis: `mogzauro­ba ­yarabaRSi~
(19­92), `gadafrena madaTovze da ukan~ (1998),
­`santa esperansa~ (2004), `mesaidumlis qamari~
(2008) da sxv.

2
kagdata in jorjia
aka morCilaZe

Tbilisi, 2010

3
naxati garekanze: maia sumbaZe
garekanis dizaini: giorgi bagrationi
dakabadoneba da
gamomcemeli: soso dumbaZe

mesame gamocema, 2010

ISBN 978-9941-0-0789-7
yvela ufleba daculia

© arakomerciuli gamomcemloba saga, 2010

www.sa-ga.org

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sarCevi

kagdata in jorjia
1. serjio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
2. fexi damicda, nudls. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
3. atria. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
4. meore mavTuli.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
5. Jizneni aerobika . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
6. u-to-pii-ia.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79

piradi enciklopedia
b. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
d . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
T. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
l .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
p. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
f. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
q. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
S. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
h. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124

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 kagdata in jorjia

6
 [...]
mgoni, gazafxuli iyo. 1986 wlis ­gazafxuli
unda yofiliyo, namdvilad. reigani saxlis
parmaRze idga da gacinebuli eloda ­garba-
Covs, romelic SlapaSi gamocxadda.
es dRe imitom maxsovs, rom es ambavi ­saga-
ngebo axal ambebSi uCvenes da, ­egreve, am axali
ambebis Semdeg kinos CavujeqiT. ­viRacas moe-
tana kasetebi Cems megobarTan, Cven ki ­dili-
danve mivacdineT leqciebi da ­videos sacqer-
lad gavemarTeT, vinaidan filmi ­grZeli iyo,
ugrZesi.
filmi iyo, kagdata v amerike da, me Tu ­mki-
T­xavT, misi cqera dagvianebulic ki iyo ­imi-
tom, rom bevrs hqonda nanaxi da ­gauTaveblad
amaze­ laparakobdnen. eqvs ­saaTs grZeldebao,
de niro TamaSobso da mTeli ­ambavi.
xoda, sanam videos CavrTavdiT da ­Camov­-
sxdebodiT papirosebiT, ­dilidanve da­ gemri-
elad, manamde vnaxeT es reigani da ­garbaCovi
televizorSi. mokled, filmi ­istoriul dRes
vnaxe, Tumca unda vTqva, rom bolomde ar mina­
xavs, raRac mizeziT wamovedi iqidan. wasas­
vleli viyavi sadRac, Tu ra iyo, ar maxsovs.
yovel SemTxvevaSi, kai xans vuyurebdiT.­
­megona, rom arasdros damTavrdeboda da
­axlac ar vici, ramsigZea, miT uemtes, rom es­
deda­miwaze aravin icis. sadRac-­sadRac rom
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­ adavawydebi, mainc ver vuyureb ­xolme ise,
g
­rom ociod wuTze meti gamovides ­­gadabmu-
lad.
gangsteruli filmebi nanaxi mqonda, ­naT-
­liac da kidev sxvebic. erTi ­serialiviT raRa-
ca iyo, gangsterskie xroniki niu ­iorka, bag-
zi sigelze, meier lanskize da ­viRaceebze da
isic, kidev, diax, lico sa Sramam, ­romelic­
sru­liad ar mizidavda. yvelaze ufro es ­­naT-
lia momwonda, Tanac, is adgilebi, ­sadac Zveli
niu iorkis ambebia moTxrobili. ­manamde naT­
lia samizdatSi mqonda ­wakiTxuli da ­ase Tu
ise vicodi, ra iyo da rogor. ­„amerigo ­bona-
sera sul ramdenime kvartalSi ­cxovrobda
Tavisi damkrZalavi biurodan“… ai, es ­winada-
debac ki maxsovs.
hoda, am erTxel amerikaSic is 20-iani wle-
bi ar iyo, koton klabiT rom Semiyvarda? ­mag-
ra­m, eh, rogorRac ver CavumuRamdi am films.
ki­ vuyure, magram, ha.. viTom arc miyurebia,­
veraferze vifiqre. xumrobebi Zalin uxamsi
iyo ­da Sig aranairi xalisi ar igrZnoboda.
albaT, egrec unda yofiliyo, im ­bi­ We­bi­s­gan
sxvas ras unda moelodes kaci. magram ­maSin
amas ver mivxvdi imitom, rom yvela maTze ­la-
pa­rakobda da mec, ukve SemeZlo, rom raRa­ca
meTqva am filmis Sesaxeb. anu, mrgvali beWedi
damertya, rom nanaxi maqvs.
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 hooooooo, musika, saundtreki, rogorc
axla ityvian, lamis mTavar romantikad iyo
qceuli. is mTavari melodia, Torem iq ­musika
bevrnairia. axlac, zogierT im gancdis ­erT-
guls, mobilurebSi aRmovuCen xolme im sa­
undtreks.
magram yvelaze magari is iyo, rom biWebis
gulCvilobis ambavi gamovlinda. biWebi xom
Cveulebriv ar avlenen xolme gulCvilobas.
marto Zalian gamorCeulebi avlenen. maSin ase
iyo da axla aRar vici. magram am kagdata v ame-
ri­kem raRacnairi legaluri ­gulCvilobis
saSualeba misca yvelas, imitom rom quCuri
gulCviloba iyo raRacnairad blagvi.
iq aris ucnobilesi epizodi, roca ­ubnis
mTavari gangsteri am jer kidev ­patara ­biWe-
bis bandas gadaekideba, radgan ­grZnobs, rom
­isini male aRar daemorCilebian da ­CaaCoCeben.
­biWebis bandam ki ukve fuli ­iSova, ­butlege-
rebs Seuamxanagda da Zvirfasi ­tansacmelic
iyida, Tanac, sadguris seifSi fuli ­Seinaxa­
da mTeli ambavi. hoda, egre koxtad ­gamowyobi-
lebs win es tipi, saxelad bagzi, dauxvdebaT
da ­srolas upirebs.
eseni yvelani garbian da bagzis tyvia, ra
Tqma unda, maT Soris yvelaze patara, yvelaze
sayvarel, yvelaze komikur, magram namdvilad

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da WeSmaritad didi momavlis mqone dominiks
miswvdeba.
dominiki Sesafrisken garbis da swored am
dros moxvdeba tyvia ise, rom forxiliT ­mia-
Rwevs iqamde, sadac nudlsi imaleba (cota ma-
niakurad vyvebi, mgoni) da mis xelebSi ­dalevs
suls sityvebiT:
_ fexi damicda, nudls.
es scena iyo mTavari gulCvilobis mizezi,­
Tumca sxva, ufro nakleb ­mniSvnelovani, ­saxa-
­liso gulCvilobanic aRiniSneboda ­saub­re­bSi.
magaliTad, roca bozandara gogo pegi nam-
cx­vars moiTxovs seqsis ­sanacvlod da ­petsi
Goldbergs es WapanwyvetiT ­nayidi ­namcxvari
mis lodinSi SemoeWmeva. ase ­ityodnen, jer
bavSvia, qals tkbileuloba ­urCevniao, da Cai-
Rimebdnen.
xolo dominikis mkvleloba diskusiis ­sa-
ga­nic iyo. miT umetes, rom kinoSi naTqvami
frazebis sadiskusiod gamotanis tradicia
adridanve arsebobda.
dava iyo sityvebze: fexi damicda, nudls.
erTni ambobdnen, rom biWi imdenad patara
da ubiwo iyo, rom verc ki mixvda, tyvia rom
moxv­da, da egona, fexi daucdao.
maSin jer bevrma aravin icoda, ras ­grZnob,
tyvia rom mogxvdeba, magram viRaceebi ­ambob-
dnen _ egrea, ver grZnobo.
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 amaTi mowinaaRmdegeebi ki acxadebdnen, ­pa­-
ta­ra ki iyo, magram iseTi nastirni, duxiani
da­­ utexi, rom tyvia rom moxvda, mSvenivradac
igrZno da ar aRiarao.
mokled, cotaTi imas hgavda, guliveris
ambebSi romaa, kvercxi bolodan CavtexoT, ­Tu
Tavidano.
magari biWebis mier filmis gmirTa qce-
vebis garCeva Turme ZvelTaganve arsebobda.
saqme kriminalur ambebs exeboda, Torem amar-
kordSi rom Teo yviris xidan, is ki aravis ga-
urCevia.
amis mTavari SemTxvevebi samocian ­wlebSi­
iyo, rodesac xalxma SesaniSnavi Svideuli na-
xa.­
sadRac wavikiTxe, rom sabWoTa ­­kinogaqi-
­ravebis istoriaSi es iyo yvelaze ­­Semo­sav-
­li­ani filmi, romelic oTx weliwads iyo ­ek-
ranebze da kidev metsac iqneboda, ­ucabedi,
amoucnobi brZanebiT rom ar moexsnaT ­ekra-
­nebidano.
hoda, erTma im drois kacma miambo, am ­fi-
lmze­xalxi fuWdebodao. anu, quCis ­ambavSi ka-
maTebi ibadeboda _ vin aris marTali, ­kalvera
Tu krisio. avtoritetebis sityviT, marTa-
li kalvera iyo. ar vici imitom, rom ­gasawewi
unda gaiwewos; ar vici, imitom ­datyvevebul

30
Svideuls rom gauSvebs, isini ki ­yovlad ­ve-
ragulad ukan dabrundebian. ambobdnen, qur-
debma ­Tqveso, kalvera marTaliao. hoda, imas
win ­vinRa­daudgeboda.
mokled, kagdata v amerikesac aseTi ram
emuq­­reboda.
emuqreboda ki ara, ukve sWirda. ­garSemo
ukve misi eqspertebi arsebodnen: biWebi, rom-
le­bmac filmis yoveli mosaxvevi icodnen da
yovel saqciels Cveneburi quCis kanonebiT
afasebdnen.
simarTle rom iTqvas, maTi mosmena ­meored
aRarc iyo saWiro. erTs rom moismendi, ukve
icodi, sxva aseTive eqsperti ras ityoda. ­mo-
ge­xsenebaT, rogorc yoveli kanoni, es ­kano­nic
ar uSvebs gadaxras romelime mxares da aranai-
ri liberalizmi aq ar gavidoda.
yvelaze didi liberlaizmi is iyo, rom
geTqva, eseni mainc banditebi arian, aravis
indoben da ar SeiZleba, rom kargi adamianebi
iyvneno, magram aseTi ram Zalian iSviaTad gami­
gonia maSin. vinc iwunebda am kinos, mxolod
erTi standartuli fraziT _ ravi, me kriosni
aweci mirCevniao.
magram naTlia ver gaxda am gaqanebis filmi
biWebSi. veranairad.
[...]

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sagas sxva gamocemebi:

hans beleri _ kinomontaJis aspeqtebi

dasavleTSi farTod gavrcelebuli, Sesavali­xasi-

aTis mqone kinosamontaJo saxelmZRvanelo teqsti,
sadac gaanalizebulia aq­­­­­tua­luri samontaJo mode­
lebi, cnebebi da reJisorTa spe­cifikuri stilebi:
eizenSteini, bunueli, hiC­ko­ki, godari, tarkovski,
kubriki, jarmuSi da sxva.

gamocemas axlavs kino­

samonta­Jo cn­eb ­­­ e­­bis ga-
­­n­ma­rt
­­ e­bi­Ti­­­ le­q­si­koni;
kadrTa sididis ma­ C­
ve­nebeli da 180 gra­ -
dusis principis amsax-
veli sqemebi
valter beniamini _ xelovnebis nimuSi misi
teqnikuri reproducirebadobis epoqaSi.
istoriis cnebis Sesaxeb

mkiTxvels pirvelad eZleva saSualeba gaec­

nos qarTul enaze cnobili filosofosisa­da
kulturis mkvlevris, valter beniami­ nis (1892­-­
1940), or naSroms: „xelovnebis nimuSi misi te­
q-­
ni­
­ kuri reproducirebadobis epoqaSi~ (1935-36)
da „istoriis cnebis Sesaxeb“ (1940).

pirveli werili xe­

lo­ vnebis nimuSis „au­
ris“ dakargvis axsnas
gvTavazobs. man ga­ns ­ a­-
­k­u­T­re­bu­li aqtualu­
roba Se­i­Zina 60-ian­­
wlebSi, roca iqca­
mo­wodebad, xelo­vne­-
ba gamoeyeneb­inaT so­-
cialur-­po­li­­tikuri
eman­­si­­pa­ciis mizniT.­
Tezi­­se­bi­ „isto­riis­
cne­­­­­bis Sesaxeb“ aja­me­
bs­ avtoris Taname­d­-
­r­ove periodisbWo­
tbas istoriuli ma­ -
terializmis daniS-
nulebaze.
fsiqiatriasTan gamocdilebis mqone pirTa­
germanuli asociacia _ rCevebi da xerxebi _
rogor vmarToT `SeSlil-oba~?

„megzuri“ gankuTvnilia fsiqiatriasTan ga­ moc­

dilebis mqone adamianebisa da maTi axloblebisaT-
vis, romlebic krizisis dros da mis Semdeg mxar­-
Si udganan am pirovnebebs. aq mocemuli rCevebi
saSualebas gvaZlevs individualurad da Sinau-
rulad movekidoT am mdgomareobas; gvexmareba,
SeZlebisda­gva­­ra­­d fsiqotropuli wamlebis ga-
reSe, organiz­misadmi
zianis miyenebis gve­
rdis­avliT,­ movle­ne­
bis­ marTvasa da myu­d­-
roebisa da stabi-
­
lurobis mopovebaSi.

teqsts axlavs fsi­

qiatr Temur ioseba-
Zis bolosityva­oba­ da­
damxmare or­­­­ga­ni­za­
ciebis sa­kon­ta­qto in­-
for­macia.
rezo kveselava _ mogonebebi qarTvel kine-
matografistebze

qarTveli kinodramaturgis rezo kveselavas same-

muaro werilebis krebulSi `mogonebebi qa­rTvel
kinematografistebze~ avtori ixsenebs: Tengiz
abulaZes, akaki baqraZes, suliko JRents, mixeil
kveselavas, mixeil kobaxiZes, kote miqaberiZes,
aleqsandre rexviaSvils, sergo farajanovs, oTar
ioselians, dore xinTibiZesa da sxvebs.

gamocemaSi warmod-
genelia qarTvel ki-
­n e­­m a t o g r a f i s t T a
uni­­­­­kaluri foto­e­
bi avtoris pira­ di
arqividan da ki­ no-
studia `qarTu­li­ fi­-
lmis~ orasa­ mde Ta­
na­mSromlis mokle
bi­ogra­fiuli mo­na­
cemebi.
male sagasagan:

n sabWoTa avangardistis, ki­nodo­kumen­ta­listis

da dokumenturi ki­nos Teoretikosis Ziga ver-
tovis teqs­tebis krebuli: adamiani kinoa-
paratiT (manifesti, statiebi, sascenaro
variantebi); devi dumbaZis Se­
saval werilTan
erTad: `arasa�����������������������������
albaTo ����������������������
Tvalis poezia _ „kino-
glazis“ koncefcia Ziga vertovis filmSi „ada-
miani kinoaparatiT~.

n sabWoTa kinematografistisa da kinos Teore-

tikosis sergei eizenSteinis montaJis Teoriis
fundamenturi teqstebis krebuli: inteleq-
tualuri montaJi.

damatebiTi informacia:
www.sa-ga.org
sagas wignis qurdi _ qurdi ar ariso!