“Correlation of Incoming Tourism in

Various States of India”

PROJECT REPORT

INDIA AND CONTEMPORARY WORLD

(HUM 1024)

By:
Abhishek Gupta (15BEC0902)

SLOT: F1

Name of Faculty:
Prof Bangalore Morarji
(SCHOOL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES AND LANGUAGES)

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 CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the project work entitled “Correlation of Incoming Tourism in
Various States of India” that is being submitted by Abhishek Gupta (15BEC0902) for
INDIA AND CONTEMPORARY WORLD is a record of bonafide work done under my
supervision. The contents of this Project Work in full or in parts have neither been taken from
any other source nor have been submitted for any other CAL course.

Place : VIT University, Vellore

Date :

Signature Of Faculty: Prof Bangalore Morarji

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

My special thanks go to my faculty, Prof. Bangalore Morarji who supported me throughout my

journey and encouraged me which helped me in completion of the project. I would also like to
acknowledge the VIT University Management for giving the candidates an opportunity to carry
out my studies at the university.

I have taken in efforts for this project. However, it would not have been possible without the
kind support and help of many individuals and organizations. I would like to extend my sincere
thanks to all of them.

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CONTENTS

Introduction…………………………………………………………………………………….5
Observations…………………………………………………………………………………....6
State Wise Evaluation of Tourism……………………………………………….…………….11
Conclusion...………………………..………………………………………………………….18
References…………………………..…………………………………………...…………….19

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Chapter 1 :
INTRODUCTION
This chapter deals with the introduction of project and the reason for choosing the topic
‘Correlation of Incoming Tourism in Various States of India.’ This chapter also states the
objective of doing this project.

1.1 Introduction
Tourism is an integral part of human life. It is a situation where person from one country, or region
to other region and country for a short run period, is included in the concept of tourism. Now-a-
days the tourism industry has a greater importance. India has a great heritage of historical place
like the Taj Mahal, Various Forts, Natural sites etc. Since 2000 tourism industry has been giving
number of benefits to India. The number of foreign tourist visiting India results in foreign exchange
earning for the country. Here, we have focused the growth and performance of the Indian tourism
industry and analysed the influx of tourists in India and out of India.

For our study, we have picked the top three states with the highest footfall of foreign tourists and
the bottom three states with the lowest footfall of foreign tourists. We’ve also analysed the foreign
exchange earnings generated by tourism for India. On comparing the states on the basis of FTA,
we have also tried to analyse the factors responsible for the number of tourists visiting these states,
both domestic and foreign, and what are the policies of the respective local governments.

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 Chapter 2:
OBSERVATION
The following tables show the recorded observations of the incoming tourists in particular years.

S. No. State/UT FTA Percentage Share Rank

1 Tamil Nadu 47,21,978 19.11 1

2 Maharashtra 47,60,048 18.9 2

3 Uttar Pradesh 31,56,812 12.78 3

4 Lakshadweep 753 0 36

5 Mizoram 942 0 35

6 Manipur 3,064 0.01 33

India 2,47,07,732

Table 1: Foreign Tourist Arrivals in various states in 2017 [1]

S. No. State/UT DTA Percentage Share Rank

1 Tamil Nadu 34,38,12,413 21.31 1

2 Maharashtra 11,65,15,800 7.22 6

3 Uttar Pradesh 21,17,07,090 13.12 2

4 Lakshadweep 8,716 0 36

5 Mizoram 67,238 0 34

6 Manipur 1,50,638 0.01 33

India 161,35,51,505

Table 2: Domestic Tourist Arrivals in various states in 2017 [1]

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Fig 1: Share of top 10 States/UTs in India in number of Foreign Tourist Visits [1]

Fig 2: Share of top 10 States/UTs in India in number of Domestic Tourist Visits [1]

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S. No. Source Country FTA Percentage Share

1 Bangladesh 13,80,409 15.68

2 USA 12,96,939 14.73

3 UK 9,41,883 10.7

4 Canada 3,17,239 3.6

5 Malaysia 3,01,961 3.43

Table 3: Foreign Tourist Arrivals by Country [1]

Table 4: Month Wise Foreign Exchange Earnings in India from 2015-17 [1]

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Table 5: Foreign Exchange Earnings from Tourism in India from 1991-2017 [1]

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Chapter 3:
STATE WISE EVALUATION OF TOURISM
3.1 Tamil Nadu

Tourism Scenario in Tamil Nadu in recent years, tourism has become a priority sector in Tamil
Nadu. This is reflected in higher budget allocations, growing partnership efforts between the public
and private sectors, increased tourist arrivals, vibrant and vigorous promotion efforts, etc. The
emphasis is to make tourism a mass movement and a prime mover for promoting entrepreneurship,
poverty reduction and economic development. Tamil Nadu, placed strategically on Asia's growth
axis, is certainly India's Asian gateway. Provision of well-integrated and world-class infrastructure
and amenities at tourist spots would continue to receive attention.

3.2 Maharashtra

The state of Maharashtra offers a wide range of themes including leisure, heritage, pilgrimage,
eco, history for tourism industry in the state. It also offers various tourism circuits like water
tourism, Deccan odyssey, adventure tourism etc. Maharashtra Tourism Development Corporation
(MTDC) is the state government agency for promotion and regulation of tourism sector. It is also
responsible for developing, managing and maintaining the tourist places in the state. Maharashtra
state has been maintaining its second position in attracting a major chunk of foreign tourist arrivals
in India [2].

The trade, hotels and restaurants sector in Maharashtra State accounts for around Rs.1,42,811 Cr.,
which is 16% of the Gross State Domestic Product. No specific estimates are available on the
employment in the travel and tourism industry. From 1991 to 2010, the amount of FDI approved
in the state for the projects in Hotel & Tourism Industry is to the tune of Rs. 6,326 Cr. for
development of 95 Projects [2].

According survey statistics of AC Nielsen ORG-MARG growth & trends observed in

Maharashtra tourism were as under during the study period.

 Total number of tourist / visitor arrivals in the state of Maharashtra during the period of
1st July 2009 - 30th June 2010 was 11,47,76,687.

 Out of the total number of visitors, domestic tourists in Maharashtra accounted for 98%
(11, 26, 49,754).

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  Total number of foreign tourist arrivals in Maharashtra during the period of 1st July 2009
- 30th June 2010 was 21, 26,933. Foreign tourists in Maharashtra accounted for only 2%
of the total tourists/ visitors to the state.

 Maximum domestic overnight tourists visited Maharashtra in the month of January 2010
(63,78, 229). Same day domestic day trippers were highest in Maharashtra in the month of
January 2010 (57,70,744).

 Maharashtra saw the highest number of foreign tourist arrivals in the month of January
2010 (2,41,555). 11% of the total foreign tourists to the state visited it during the month of
January 2010.

 11% of the total number of domestic visitors/ tourists to the state visited the state during
the month of January 2010. 25% of the total domestic visitors to the state visited Mumbai
during the study period.

 79% of the foreign tourists / visitors to the state of Maharashtra visited Mumbai. The next
favourite is Pune (14%).

 36% of the domestic overnight visitors/ tourists to the state of Maharashtra belong to the
state of Andhra Pradesh. 11% of domestic overnight visitors are from Gujarat. This data is
from the accommodation survey.

 16% of the foreign overnight tourists / visitors are from the USA, while 13% are from
United Kingdom. The most visited destination is Juhu Beach in Mumbai.

 Amongst packaged components, majority of people had opted for Travel plus
accommodation. Domestic visitors spend more on accommodation than anything else.

The overall atmosphere in the State is conducive for tourist development. The tourist inflow in the
State ranged between 157.80 lakh and 257.38 lakh tourists during 2005-10. Despite the MTDC
being in existence for more than 35 years in the tourism sector, the number of foreign tourists who
had availed the MTDC‟s facilities was negligible during 2005-10 [2].

The tourism potential of the state however has not yet been fully tapped on account of lack of an
integrated approach from various government departments and agencies. The important issue is
that tourism is not an isolated function or activity in itself but spreads across multiple sectors and
hence the role of coordination between different agencies becomes very important. Further,
developing tourism industry demands capital intensive projects which have the longer gestation
period of 8-12 years, depending up on the size and potential [2].

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3.3 Uttar Pradesh

Right from one of the world’s most visited sites, the Taj Mahal, to the serenity of Hinduism’s
holiest city, Varanasi; there is so much for one to see in the state of UP. Kathak, one of the eight
forms of Indian classical dances, originated from Uttar Pradesh. The state is known for its rich
culture and tradition. It is home to Ayodhya and Mathura, birthplace of Lord Rama and Lord
Krishna respectively.

Jhansi, Lucknow, and Meerut are historical cities famous for their monuments. Mathura,
Vrindavan, Gokul, Varanasi, Ayodhya, and Allahabad are holy cities for Hindus and Kushinar and
Sarnath are important Buddhist places among the main four pilgrimage sites related to the life of
Gautama Buddha. Noida is the most developed urban city of Uttar Pradesh [9].

To boost the tourism in the state from within the country and other parts of the world, the
Government of Uttar Pradesh established a ‘Uttar Pradesh Heritage Arc’ covering the cities of
Agra, Lucknow, and Varanasi [9].

Challenges Faced by Uttar Pradesh Tourism

 Inadequate support infrastructure at tourist destinations
 Inadequate road, rail, and air connectivity to various tourist destinations
 Inadequate availability of hotel rooms
 Inadequate cleanliness at tourist destinations and surroundings including lack of clean
public toilets
 Safety of tourists

3.4 Lakshadweep

Tourism activities in the islands are currently conducted in a controlled manner through a few
specific tour packages sponsored by SPORTS (Society for Promotion of Nature Tourism and
Sports). SPORTS was set up as a registered society under the Societies Act. Being controlled, the
travel, stay and food are taken care of by the sponsor. These packages depend on the travel
schedule of a few ships now plying between Kochi and the island. The tour packages include
coverage of a few islands like Minicoy, Kalpeni, Kadmat, and Kavaratti where resort facilities are
available [8].

One of the uninhabited islands, Bangaram is leased out to a private party to manage tourist arrivals.
The island resort facilities partly available earlier were refurbished by the company. In another
inhabited island Agatti, although SPORTS had established the resort facilities, these are managed
by private parties.

Although resort cottages are available in islands like Kavaratti, Minicoy, Kadmat, and Kalpeni the
tour packages are largely organized as day package while the nights are spent in ships on board.
Hence utilization of the resort beds capacity (about 106) at the above islands is extremely poor [8[.

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CONSTRAINTS
Transport bottlenecks between mainland and the island, difficulties encountered at embarkation
and disembarkation points do not augur pleasant experiences to the tourists at all. Non availability
of an international airport or even large airport cause considerable rethinking on the part of the
international tourists in choice of destination, however attractive they may be. (Male Island in
Maldives although the area is only 1.78 sq. kms. accommodates a large international airport where
a large number of foreign flights are operated. This provided considerable headway in developing
tourism resorts in uninhabited islands). Inadequacy of inter-island ferry service in a faster and
convenient manner is yet another important constraint in transport infrastructure.

Although under a package tour, accommodation and food are provided by the tour operator, other
visitors (who are also categorized as tourists if they spent more than 24 hours at a place)
frequenting the islands do not have any accommodation (leave alone ‘good or standard’) or eating
place of acceptable quality. This is true in the case of all islands. Government bungalows available
in various islands are not adequate and many a times are occupied by Government officials on
duty. The standards of eating establishments in terms of quality or variety are extremely poor and
require a total transformation. The absence of quality accommodation and food restricts “free
tourism” which is one of the critical areas of tourism development in the islands [8].

Apart from beaches and sea-based activities the islands do not have any other land-based tourism
attractions like amusement parks, shopping arcades, entertainment plazas, fun cities, health resorts,
trekking / skiing, adventure sports avenues, etc. Absence of such divergent attractions makes the
tourist arrival at a low key. One of the important side effects of the absence of such avenues is the
low average length of stay of a tourist.

Very low carrying capacity of the islands and fragile nature of the marine wealth restrict the extent
of development in terms of creation of infrastructure facilities or gathering of a greater number of
people in places of attractions / activity like beach. Very limited physical area of the land which is
already crowded and dwindling due to sea erosion, cannot be overlooked since these are going to
be on an increasing scale in the years to come. Need for strict enforcement of the environment
protection measures would automatically restrict the tempo of development and the tourism
potential [8].

Institutional constraints are too many operating in the way of tourism growth.
 The existing CRZ Act when strictly enforced does not provide adequate space for
development in certain narrow strips of islands.
 Restriction on entry of foreign visitors (International tourists are allowed only in selected
islands) automatically brings down the number of high spending tourists.
 Need for entry permit to all visitors and special permit for foreign tourists.
 Enforcement of prohibition in all inhabited islands.
 Lack of policy initiatives for private sector participation in critical sectors like
transportation, accommodation, etc.

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Strength

 The blue lagoon, encircling the invaluable wealth of colourful corals and the coral reef.
 Long and sandy beaches.
 The sun, sea, sand and the solitude.
 Above all – the hospitality and cheerful disposition of the local residents.

Weakness

 Absence of an organized vision plan to capitalize on its own natural assets and tourism
potential.
 Very low carrying capacity of the island and the fragility of the eco system.
 Very poor transport infrastructure making the accessibility difficult.
 Poor upkeep and maintenance of islands’ own natural resources

Opportunity

 Tourism and related activities are expanding at a fast pace and have been recognized as
one of the major sources of revenue the world over.
 Tourists like to experiment with different locations with adequate facility for new
encounters and experiences.
 Absence of widespread knowledge about sea based aqua sports facilities in the tourist
markets and this limitation can be converted into an opportunity to promote the unknown.

Threat

 There are other island nations like Maldives, Singapore, Mauritius, etc. in the region
which are already far developed in tourism. (Rather than competing with these places the
efforts should be to match the standards provided there).

3.5 Mizoram

It is unfortunate that due to socio-political and geographical reasons, the entire Northeast has
remained neglected and backward from the development point of view. In spite of very high
literacy rate in the region (around 80%), progress and benefits have not reached the Northeast even
today. The concept of Tourism development is very recent in this region and is in its infancy stage.
A few states like Assam, Meghalaya and Arunachal have taken a few strides in developing tourism,
with emphasis on eco-tourism, wildlife tourism, cultural tourism and adventure tourism. The other
states have also commenced their efforts during the last decade [5].

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Mizoram has tremendous and quite unique tourism potential. This could be tapped mainly through
the concept of eco-tourism. Nature based wildlife tourism, adventure tourism, culture-based
heritage tourism, leisure tourism, and international border tourism could be some special tourist
packages. Many incentives and financial assistance are being proposed for creation of tourist
infrastructure through private participation. However, there have been no responses till now. The
Department of Tourism, Govt. of India, under the ministry of Tourism and Culture has been
providing liberal financial and technical support for the tourism development in the state based on
the projects received from the states. Thus, the state is merging in tourism map of India very
slowly, but with more planned way Mizoram may come up as a tourist state in amazing way and
will counted as one notable state [6].

Several recommendations have emerged that may be considered for tourism development in
Mizoram:

 The State is rich in natural beauty and culture and although they should capitalize on
what they already have, they should strive to work on areas. The heritage place like
Baktawng Village must be ornamented and with proper publicity about its fact should be
incorporate with the national tourism. The areas with fewer infrastructures and more
tourist potentialities (Myanmar border in Saiha and Bangladesh border Lawngtlai) must
be find out and it have to be renovate with facilities of national standard.

 People coming from different part of the country as businessmen and defense personnel
and corporate agents must have facilities in a better and affective way. This could teach
travelers to value Mizoram and will encourage the state tourism in future.

 Education could become an area of priority for development. Inclusion of

vocational/regular course on tourism, hospitality and management course will create job
opportunities for the youth and it will act as pull factor to develop the state tourism in
future. Encouragement of research is necessary and the state government must have to
plan for eco- tourism and sustainable tourism in the state.

 Accessibilities and identification of tourist circuit along with standard food and well
accommodation facilities are prior for tourism development. Government and tourism
department have to take care of tourists with all possible assistance.

 Arrangement of package tour is now famous in worldwide. government must have to

consider this with adequate planning and also need to examine the recommendation of 20
years perspective plan for the sustainable development of tourism in the state of
Mizoram, 2003, Govt. of India, Ministry of Tourism and Culture Department of Tourism
Market Research Divison.

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  It is a state bounded with international border with two foreign countries. Proper planning
in Foreign Affair and Diplomacy will turn up more foreign tourist directly from
Bangladesh and Myanmar along with other SE Asian countries. Hence opening up of
international flights would increase the regional tourism through gateways in Thailand,
Vietnam, Cambodia and Myanmar bringing the same type of leisure tourist who like to
visit natural beauties and tribal culture along with quality hospitability.

 Eco-friendly guest house with Zawlbuk village will attract more tourists during the
festival season. During Anthurium Festival and Chapchar Kut these guest houses would
be effective along with the well-organized cultural programme, serving traditional Mizo
recipe, short term temporary/ seasonal market for tourist may be more attractive for the
vacationer and will value their journey [7].

3.6 Manipur

Amidst the current situation of Manipur, the big question is 'Are we really ready for it?' The current
infrastructure, the law and order, the local community aren't enough to boost tourism in the state
yet. It is high-time that the Government starts unriddling the barriers seriatim. Developing
infrastructures organized road transports, building hotels, supporting Entrepreneurs, clean drinking
water, proper sewerage lines, education to the local community, taking counter measurements
associated with militancy, forecasting and conducting a proper SWOT Analysis are some of the
ways to boost up the Tourism activity in Manipur. Failure to mend these loopholes will only create
more havoc and bad reputation [3].

 Draconian Laws like AFSPA (Armed Forces Special Powers Act, 1958) has also brutally
raped and drastically affected the tourism potential of this place making it one of the most
hostile places in India.

 Poor Infrastructure (roads, electricity, transport, etc.) and hygienically pathetic

environment sometimes do affect tourism

 Accommodation sector is weak and needs improvement. Another important barrier is the
people who serve as Hosts to these Guests. Their rate of tolerating people, hospitality
factor etc.

 Manipur has a number of sensitive areas that promoting tourism in these areas is not really
wise.

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CONCLUSION

The Indian tourism and hospitality industry has emerged as one of the key drivers of growth among
the services sector in India. Tourism in India has significant potential considering the rich cultural
and historical heritage, variety in ecology, terrains and places of natural beauty spread across the
country. Tourism is also a potentially large employment generator besides being a significant
source of foreign exchange for the country. India is a huge Travel and Tourism economy and we
are satisfied to see the area of GDP is developing. Notwithstanding, we trust that these numbers
could be significantly higher and that the positive effect of our segment could be all the more far-
reaching. India has a gigantic potential to expand its worldwide guests and, in doing as such, it can
make more employments and drive monetary development.

India’s travel and tourism industry has huge growth potential. The tourism industry is also looking
forward to the expansion of E-visa scheme which is expected to double the tourist inflow to India.
India's travel and tourism industry has the potential to expand by 2.5 per cent on the back of higher
budgetary allocation and low cost healthcare facility, according to a joint study conducted by
Assocham and Yes Bank.

We urge the Indian government to keep on embracing strategies that empower voyagers, for
example, the new visa administration, empower interest in an essential framework, and enable
organizations to work together. India is an excellent and different tourism goal, with the correct
arrangements set up it will no uncertainty keep on developing towards positioning significantly
higher as far as its tourism economy.

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REFERENCES

 http://tourism.gov.in/annual-report-2017-18
 http://epao.net/epPageExtractor.asp?src=travel.Understanding_Tourism_Barriers_and_M
anipur.html
 http://mospi.nic.in/statistical-year-book-india/2018/195
 Deka, G. and R. Ramthara (2009): Tourism in Mizoram and its present status , pp 46-54
GEOGRAPHIC , Vol. 4, July, 2009
 20 Years Perspective Plan for the Sustainable Development of Tourism in the State Of
Mizoram ,Jan 2003, Government of India, Ministry of Tourism And Culture Department
of Tourism Market Research Division
 Govt. of Mizoram (2010): Statistical Hand Book of Mizoram, 2008, Economic and
StatisticsDepartment, Govt. of Mizoram
 tourism.gov.in/sites/default/files/Lakshadweep
 uptourism.gov.in/site/writereaddata/.../201807071628506099TeerthPurohitBramin.pdf

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