Introduction To Automation
Introduction To Automation
Introduction To Automation
Automation Impacts:
Advantages of Automation:
Disadvantages of Automation:
1. Technology limits: Current technology is unable to automate all
the desired tasks.
2. Unpredictable development costs: The research and
development cost of automating a process may exceed the cost
saved by the automation itself.
3. High initial cost: The automation of a new product or plant
requires a huge initial investment in comparison with the unit
cost of the product.
Applications
Automated manufacturing:
Automated manufacturing refers to the application of
automation to produce things in the factory way. Most of the
advantages of the automation technology has its influence in
the manufacture processes.
The main advantages of automated manufacturing are
higher consistency and quality, reduced lead times,
simplified production, reduced handling, improved work
flow, and increased worker morale when a good
implementation of the automation is made.
Home automation:
Home automation designates an emerging practice of
increased automation of household appliances and
features in residential dwellings, particularly through
electronic means that allow for things impracticable, overly
expensive or simply not possible recent past decades.
Industrial automation:
Industrial automation deals with the optimization of energy-
efficient drive systems by precise measurement and control
technologies. Nowadays energy efficiency in industrial
processes are becoming more and more relevant.
Semiconductor companies like Infineon Technologies are
offering 8-bit microcontroller applications for example
found in motor controls, general purpose pumps, fans, and e-
bikes to reduce energy consumption and thus increase
efficiency.
Limitations to automation:
Current technology is unable to automate all the desired tasks.
INTRODUCTION
Hardware Architecture:
The generally SCADA system can be classified into two parts:
Clint layer
Data server layer
The Clint layer which caters for the man machine interaction. The
data server layer which handles most of the process data
activities. The SCADA station refers to the servers and it is
composed of a single PC. The data servers communicate with
devices in the field through process controllers like PLCs or RTUs.
The PLCs are connected to the data servers either directly or via
networks or buses. The SCADA system utilizes a WAN and LAN
networks, the WAN and LAN consists of internet protocols used
for communication between the master station and devices. The
physical equipments like sensors connected to the PLCs or RTUs.
The RTUs convert the sensor signals to digital data and sends
digital data to master unit.
For example: The tank water level alarm is set 60% and 70%
values. If the water level reaches above 60% the alarm gives
normal warning and if the water level reach above 70% the alarm
gives critical warning.
Monitoring/Control:
The SCADA system uses different switches to operate each device
and displays the status at
the control area. Any part of the process can be turned ON/OFF
from the control station using these switches. SCADA system is
implemented to work automatically without human intervention
but at critical situations it is handled by man power.
DESIGN SCADA WITH INTOUCH WONDERWARE SOFTWARE
AND APPLICATION:
SCADA is main interface between your control system and
Operator. Maximum data and
features available on SCADA give you better control and clarity
about the system. SCADA
needs to read data from various devices like:-
PLC/Controllers
RTU
Energy meters/Load managers/Data loggers
Field instruments like Flow meters and positioners
Each of above data communicates with SCADA on various
protocols . SCADA reads or
writes the data in format of tags.
APPLICATIONS OF SCADA:
ADVANTAGES:
The SCADA system provides on board mechanical and
graphical information
The SCADA system is easily expandable. We can add set of
control units and sensors according to the requirement.
The SCADA system ability to operate critical situations.
CONCLUSION: