Spring 2015 C2 Book DONE
Spring 2015 C2 Book DONE
Spring 2015 C2 Book DONE
Seanan
(This book is for classroom purposes only and may not be sold)
1
Index
2
Topic 1 Travel
something
unpleasant or bad
will happen
3 Corrupting adj dishonest, evil, or The country's justice Evil Cor rupt v
immoral system is riddled with Noxious Cor rupt er/or n
corrupt judges who Pernicious Cor rupt ibil i ty n
accept bribes. Cor rupt ible adj
Cor rupt ibly adv
4 Hordes n a large group of Hordes of reporters were Crowd
people shouting questions. Gang
Mob
5 Illusion n something that is The video game is Deception Il lu sion al adj
false or not real but designed to give the Delusion
that seems to be illusion that you are in Fantasy
true or real control of an airplane.
3
Word Form Definition Example Synonym Parts of Speech
6 Winding adj having a curved or We took a winding Circuitous Wind ing n
spiral course or staircase leads to the top Curving
form of the lighthouse Meandering
7 Perched v to sit on or be on The pigeons are perched Sit atop of Perch n
something high or up on the roof. Balanced Perch n
on something from Roosted
which it is easy to
fall
8 Defy v to refuse to obey She defied her parents Challenge De fy n (not
(something or and dropped out of Disregard common)
4
3. Vocabulary Practice
Please put the right words into the gaps below. You may have to change the form of the word.
The local police __________ the roads to be _________ after the heavy snow storm. The
__________ roads were considered to be too dangerous to drive on. So, __________ of people could
not get home due to the snow. The pubs were full of people _________ up at the bar, with no place to
go. This created the __________ of a ghost town. No one was outside _________ the weather. The
pub-owners _________ on this, making a killing! It did seem kind of __________ behavior, but they
didn’t drag people off the streets, across the _________ into their bars.
Bhutan
From government ministers to rice farmers, every Bhutanese you speak with will declare that his
country is in constant, imminent peril. But the invading armies they fear are those of tourists, and the
threat is to their traditional way of life. After taking the throne in 1974, King Jigme Singye
Wangchuck instituted a number of policies designed to preserve the country’s cultural identity. While
making education a priority, he restricted corrupting influences like television (which was
introduced only in 1999) and required citizens to wear the nation’s traditional kimono-like garb.
5
Looking with horror at the many negative social, cultural and environmental effects that virtually
unrestricted tourism was having on nearby developing countries, the government instituted a ‘low-
volume, high-value tourist policy in the 1970s that continues to this day. The only way to visit Bhutan
is on a pre-arranged package deal that includes hotels, food, guide and driver. The packages cost a
minimum of $200 a day, although this is arguably not bad value, considering everything that comes
with it. The policy succeeds in keeping the backpacking hordes away; only 7,000 tourists fly into
Bhutan’s one airport – which ‘is serviced by just two planes – every year.
Bhutan is thus a place where travel still feels like an adventure, where the illusion of true exploration
is occasionally still believable. Go to Bhutan, and you may well find yourself driving for hours along
terrifying, winding mountain passes and then climbing to a monastery perched on a cliff that seems
to defy all laws of physics. If you are lucky, you may be granted permission to enter the primary
temple in the centre of the courtyard. Stepping over the high threshold and into the inner sanctuary,
you can barely see, because the room is dark and the air is thick with a mixture of smoke from the gas
lamps and incense. But slowly, brilliant murals reveal themselves, along with an elaborate altar,
behind which a group of finely detailed and bronze Buddhas seems almost to glow. For a split second,
it is possible to feel that you are the first non-Bhutanese who has ever seen such a sight. That feeling,
of course, is solid travel-industry gold. And a new luxury resort is set to capitalize on the fact that
until now, even at $200 a day, no accommodation in Bhutan could be considered international quality.
Even in the country’s very best hotels, the best that can be promised is that the showers will probably
be hot, the toilets will probably flush and the electricity will probably work.
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5. Conversation Strategies
7
6. Conversation Strategy Practice
Please use Expressions form the previous page to Counter something your partner says.
Example:
Student B: That may be so, but what happened before the Big Bang. I mean, how can
Student A: That’s a good point, science cannot explain everything yet, but I believe there is a
rational answer.
Student B: But surely, you don’t believe that we just magically appeared out of nothing? What
about God?
Student A: I’d love to believe in God, but I just don’t see the logic for a God.
Student B: Huh
Practice:
Please state the following opinions to your partner. Allow your partner to Counter and then discuss
further – try to argue your opinion.
Student A:
Student B:
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7. Idioms
These idioms are very common and they are connected to Travel.
Idiom Meaning Example
On a whim To do something without much On a whim he got off the train and found
thought himself in a small village.
On the road Travelling from place to place I was on the road with the circus for six
months
Travel light Don’t pack a lot of things. Bring Please travel light tomorrow. We have a
only what you need lot of walking to do.
Watch your back Be careful: pay attention to Keep your wallet in a safe place and
people around you watch your back on the subway.
Bright and early Very early in the morning We’ll need to leave bright and early to
catch the first ferry.
8. Idiom Practice
Please ask and answer the following questions with your partner. Please answer the questions in full,
Student A:
1. Do you travel light when you go away for a weekend or do you bring loads of stuff with you?
2. Are you always up bright and early for school? Why/Why not?
Student B:
4. Have you ever just taken off on a whim, like jumped on a train without planning? If yes, when
5. Do you think it’s necessary to watch your back in Korea? If yes, why?
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9. Phrasal Verbs
10
Topic 2 Culture
wide in range or
amount
4 Segments n one of the parts into The railroad track is Pieces Seg men tary adj
which something divided into segments. Portions Seg ment v
can be divided Sections
5 Mainstream adj the thoughts, I am not a fan of Prevailing Main stream n
beliefs, and choices mainstream music, I Dominant Main stream v
that are accepted by prefer alternative music. Common
the largest number
of people
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Word Form Definition Example Synonym Parts of Speech
6 Demographics n the qualities (such The demographic Headcount Dem o graph ic
as age, sex, and information shows that Enumeration adj
income) of a the population increased Poll De mo graph I cal
specific group of but the average income ly adv
people went down.
7 Skewed v to change They were accused of Distort Skew v
(something) so that skewing the facts to fit Alter Skew n
it is not true or their theory. Bias
accurate
8 Retail adj relating to the Is that price retail or Normal (price) Re tail n
business of selling wholesale? Cost (price) Re tail v
things directly to Market (price) Re tail adv
customers for their
own use
9 Alter v to change Alcohol can alter a Change Al ter abil i ty n
(something) person's mood. Adjust (not common)
Amend Al ter able adj
Al ter ably adv
(not common)
Al ter er n
10 Stereotypical adj a standardized He believes the Trite Ste reo type n
mental picture that stereotypical view of Clichéd Ste reo typ er n
is held in common men as aggressive and Hackneyed Ste reo typ i cal
by members of a women as nurturing, ly adv
group and that often prevents the female
represents an serial bully from being
oversimplified seen.
opinion, prejudiced
attitude, or
uncritical
judgment
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3. Vocabulary Practice
Please complete the Crossword below using the clues below. Help your partner
Across Down
1. shop price 2. wider
6. census 3. change
8. normal 4. cold
9. twisted 5. common
10. show off 7. parts
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4. Listening &Reading (The MP3 is available online)
Listen to and read a story about Culture.
Tattoo Culture
The cultural status of tattooing has steadily evolved from that of an anti-social activity in the 1960s to
that of a socially acceptable fashion statement today. First adopted and flaunted by influential rock stars
like the Rolling Stones in the early 1970s, tattooing had, by the late 1980s, become accepted by ever-
broader segments of mainstream society. Today, tattoos are routinely seen on rock musicians, sports
Stars and other public figures who play a significant role in setting the culture’s behavior patterns.
The market demographics for tattoo services are now skewed heavily toward mainstream customers.
Tattooing today is the sixth fastest-growing retail business in the United States. The single fastest
growing demographic group seeking tattoo services is, to the surprise of many, middle-class suburban
women. The state and local governments of New Jersey, like those of other regions across the United
States, are being forced to alter their attitude and laws in response to the changing cultural status and
popularity of tattooing and have now adopted a more open-minded approach to tattoos.
According to one recent journal, tattoos were most common among motorcyclists, criminals and gang
members. However, these stereotypical associations have changed over the past 20 years and it is
estimated that almost half of the tattoos now being done are on women.
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5. Conversation Strategies
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6. Conversation Strategy Practice
Please use Expressions form the previous page to Argue with your partner.
Example:
Student B: Logical Argument Question: But if you can’t go with me, how am I supposed
to pay?
Practice
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7. Idioms
These idioms are very common and they are connected to Culture.
Idiom Meaning Example
Ups and downs Good and bad times, difficulties You’ll have many ups and downs
adjusting to a new culture. It’s just part of
the process.
Be Greek to Not to be understood by I tried to figure out the language, but it
someone was all Greek to me.
Creature comforts (of The conveniences of modern life I’m looking forward to the creature
home) comforts of home after this trip. I miss
my cup of tea!
Beat one’s head To be completely frustrated in Each time I asked the hotel to fix my
against the wall one’s efforts television I felt I was just beating my
head against the wall. They never did
anything!!!
Broaden one’s To expand one’s knowledge and Experiencing a new culture is a great way
horizons abilities to broaden your horizons.
8. Idiom Practice
Please ask and answer the following questions with your partner. Please answer the questions in full,
Student A:
1. What ups and downs could you have living in a new country?
3. When you are in another culture, what creature comforts from home do you miss?
Student B:
1. Have you ever been in a positon where you felt like beating your head against a wall?
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9. Phrasal Verbs
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Topic 3 Food
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helpful
substances
to the soil
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3. Vocabulary Practice (The MP3is available online)
A. Complete each sentence by filling in the blank with the best word from the list. Change the form
of the word if necessary.
1. Through __________, green plants create organic materials with the help of chlorophyll.
2. The coastal city gets half of its __________ during the months of January, February, and March.
4. When they heard the hull crack, all but two of the sailors __________ ship.
5. Inexperienced gardeners may not realize how important it is that they __________ their plants.
B. Find the word or phrase that is closest in meaning to the opposite of each word in the left-hand
column. Write the letter in the blank.
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4. Listening &Reading (The MP3 is available online)
Listen & read the passage to review the vocabulary you have learned. Answer the questions that
follow.
In countries like Niger and Mauritania, the cultivation of land has changed little in the past several
centuries. Additionally, these countries’ mono-modal rainfall pattern brings precipitation for only
They have introduced new strains of seed, improved irrigation techniques, and introduced new
methods of fertilization and soil management. With ample sunlight for photosynthesis and
modern irrigation techniques, sustainable farming techniques should allow farmers to boost
aggregate production in order to meet demand. Still, crop revitalization faces an unexpected
adversary: institutional incompetence. Where crop specialists have convinced individual farmers
to abandon old farming techniques in place of new, they can’t readily obtain the governmental
cooperation they need. The biggest hurdles are political corruption, incompetence, and the absence
of a marketing infrastructure.
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5. Conversation Strategies
Clarification
Asking someone to repeat Giving clarification / Reiteration through
Pardon me? reference to subject
Pardon?
Excuse me? I’m talking about …
Sorry? I’m saying that …
I’m sorry? What I’m saying is that …
I beg your pardon? The whole point of this is that…
Could you say that again? That’s what this discussion’s about.
Would you repeat that please? I’m talking about …
Would you mind repeating that please?
Sorry, what did you say? Giving clarification after misunderstanding
Sorry, what was that?
What’s that again? What I mean is…
What I meant is…
When you can’t follow the logical progression in What I’m saying is…
someone’s argument What I’m trying to say is…
Don’t get me wrong…
You lost me there. Don’t misunderstand me…
I’m lost. Let me put it another way, …
I’m not following. That’s not what I said…
I don’t follow. That’s not what I meant
I didn’t get that. What I said was…
What I really said/mean/meant…
Asking for clarification through short Yes/No You must have misunderstood me…
Questions inviting illustration or example. Let’s get it straight…
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6. Conversation Strategy Practice
Please use Expressions form the previous page to Clarify something with your partner.
Example:
Student B: Sorry, you lost me there. Are you saying you’re planning to go to Ireland next vacation?
Student A: No, no, you must have misunderstood me. What I’m saying is I’m planning to go to
Practice
Student A:
Say these sentences to Student B. Then clarify them. Then ask your partner to clarify
their sentences.
Student B:
Say these sentences to Student A. Then clarify them. Then ask your partner to clarify
their sentences.
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7. Idioms (The MP3 is available online)
These Idioms are very common and they are connected to Food.
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8. Idiom Practice
Please ask and answer the following questions with your partner. Please answer the questions in full,
Student A:
1. Have you ever taken a big risk and put all your eggs in one basket?
2. Which country in the world today would you consider a Banana Republic? Also, would you go
there?
Student B:
2. What recent invention do you think is the best thing since sliced bread?
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Drum *up* To try to make Enthusiasm It has always been difficult to drum up
people support you Interest enthusiasm for solar power.
or buy something
from you
Usher *in* To make an New era This project is an engineering,
activity or process scientific and technological marvel
begin ushering in a new era of fuel
efficiency.
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Topic 4 Music
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5 Octaves n The difference in He sang the song an Octaves on a piano
sound between the octave lower. Youtube
first and eighth note
on a musical scale
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3. Vocabulary Practice
Music
30
4. Listening & Reading (The MP3 is available online)
Listen to and read an article about Music.
Music can bring us to tears or to our feet, drive us into battle or lull us to sleep. Music is indeed
remarkable in its power over all humankind, and perhaps for that very reason, no human culture on earth
has ever lived without it. From discoveries made in France and Slovenia even Neanderthal man, as long
as 53,000 years ago, had developed surprisingly sophisticated, sweet-sounding flutes carved from animal
bones. It is perhaps then, no accident that music should strike such a chord with the limbic system – an
ancient part of our brain, evolutionarily speaking, and one that we share with much of the animal
kingdom. Some researchers even propose that music came into this world long before the human race
ever did. For example, the fact that whale and human music have so much in common even though our
evolutionary paths have not intersected for nearly 60 million years suggests that music may predate
humans. They assert that rather than being the inventors of music, we are latecomers to the musical scene.
Humpback whale composers employ many of the same tricks that human songwriters do. In
addition to using similar rhythms, humpbacks keep musical phrases to a few seconds, creating themes out
of several phrases before singing the next one. Whale songs in general are no longer than symphony
movements, perhaps because they have a similar attention span. Even though they can sing over a range
of seven octaves, the whales typically sing in key, spreading adjacent notes no farther apart than a scale.
They mix percussive and pure tones in pretty much the same ratios as human composers – and follow
their ABA form, in which a theme is presented, elaborated on and then revisited in a slightly modified
form. Perhaps most amazing, humpback whale songs include repeating refrains that rhyme. It has been
suggested that whales might use rhymes for exactly the same reasons that we do: as devices to help them
remember. Whale songs can also be rather catchy. When a few humpbacks from the Indian Ocean strayed
into the Pacific, some of the whales they met there quickly changed their tunes – singing the new whales’
songs within three short years. Some scientists are even tempted to speculate that a universal music
awaits discovery.
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5. Conversation Strategies
Please
Go ahead
You first
Please, I can wait
It wasn’t all that relevant
It wasn’t important
Never mind.
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6. Conversation Strategy Practice
Please use Expressions form the previous page to Illustrate to and Interrupt someone. (Groups of 3)
Example:
Student A Student B Student C
Tell about a time when you went
on a date.
1 Let me tell you about my last 2 Hold on a second, when 5 Sorry, may I ask a
3 This was last week. 4 Oh, I see. 7 Where was the date?
8 It was at East Gate. We went 15 Hold on, why are you still 12 Sweet! My boyfriend never
11 Yeah, he was nice. For 17 Ah, okay. 14 Yeah, it’s annoying, but…
coffees.
Practice
Please practice a conversation similar to above using expressions for Illustrating and Interrupting.
1st = Student A – Start with the situation below and have a short conversation with Student B & C
2nd = Student B - Start with the situation below and have a short conversation with Student A & C
3rd = Student C - Start with the situation below and have a short conversation with Student A & B
Tell about a time when you won Tell about a time when someone Tell about what you did
a prize or sporting event was angry with you yesterday from noon to night.
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7. Idioms
These Idioms are very common and they are connected to Music.
Idiom Meaning Example
Change your tune If someone changes He was against the idea to start with, but he soon
their ideas or the way changed his tune when he realized how much
they talk about them, money he'd get.
they change their tune.
Swan song A swan song is a final I think next week’s concert will be her swan song.
act before dying or She is getting a bit long in the tooth.
ending something
Fine-tuning Small adjustments to A. Is the musical ready yet?
improve something or B. Not yet. There's a lot of fine-tuning still to be
to get it working are done.
called fine tuning.
It takes two to tango This idiom is used to A. 'She blames Tracy for stealing her husband.'
suggest that when B. 'Well, it takes two to tango.'
things go wrong, both
sides are involved and
neither side is
completely innocent.
Strike a chord If strikes a chord, it is Seanan? That name strikes a chord. Ah yes, he is
familiar to you, reminds my teacher!
you of something or is
connected to you
somehow.
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8. Idiom Practice
Please complete the following sentences with the correct idiom. Change the form if needed.
1. The brakes work fine. It just needs a little ______________ then I can take it out on the road.
3. That song really _______________ with me. The minute I heard it, it reminded me of my time in
Spain.
4. You __________. Only the other day, you were in favor of bombing Syria.
5. There are rumors that the gig on Sunday will be our ______________, but this is all rubbish. We
9. Phrasal Verbs
These Phrasal Verbs are very common in relation to Music.
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Topic 5 Movies
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Word Form Definition Example Synonyms Parts of Speech
6 Devout adj Deeply religious: I am Catholic, but I am not Sincere De vout ly adv
devoted to a a devout Catholic. I don’t Ardent De vout ness n
particular religion go to church every Sunday. Devoted
7 Seminary n A school for My hometown, Institute
training religious Maynooth, has a School
leaders (such as seminary for Catholic Academy
priests, ministers, priests.
and rabbis)
8 Calling n A strong desire to He had always felt a Vocation
spend your life calling to help others. Career
doing a certain kind Mission
of work (such as
religious work) &
the work that a
person does or
should be doing
9 Shattered adj To damage His dreams were shattered Destroyed Shat ter ing ly
(something) very by their rejection. Wrecked adv
badly Ruined
10 Absurd adj Extremely silly, The charges against him Crazy Ab surd ly adv
foolish, or are obviously absurd. Ridiculous Ab surd ness n
unreasonable: Nonsensical
completely
ridiculous
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3. Vocabulary Practice
A. Find the word or phrase that is closest in meaning to each word in the left-hand column.
Write the letter in the blank.
B. Please use all the words below to have a short conversation with your partner. You have 45
seconds to think and plan and then you have 60 seconds to have ONE conversation. Please
try your best to use all 5 words below. Thank you.
1. Asthma
2. First-hand
3. Brutal
4. Shattered
5. Absurd
Martin Scorsese
* They are some of the most honored films of this generation: Taxi Driver and Mean Streets in
the 1970’s; in the 8o’s, what many still consider the best movie about boxing ever, Raging Bull;
the 1990’s brought the ultimate mobster drama, Goodfellas as well as a story of Tibetan
spiritualism in Kundun; and he continues in the new century with The Aviator and The Departed.
The man who created those lasting film images and many more, Martin Scorsese, was born in
New York in 1942. Severe asthma kept him from sports or other activities, so he spent much of
his youth in the inviting darkness of a neighborhood cinema. “I will never forget watching
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William A. Wellman’s The Public Enemy with Jimmy Cagney when I was ten years old… in a
theater on are-release,” he says. “The brutal honesty of that film, the ‘street’ honesty of it,
Perhaps it is not surprising that a 1931 gangster film made such an impression on the young
Scorsese. It is a milieu that the Italian-American director has revisited often in his own films and
that he says he knew first-hand growing up in the New York of the I940*s and’50’s. “It isn’t
that I met them,” he explains, “it was more living in a working class environment. Part of that
environment was organized crime, there is no doubt about that, but it’s a difficult thing to talk
about because the people who were trying to live a daily life and provide for their families
always get offended by this sort of thing.” He says, with a wry smile, his old friends always
As a teenager from a very devout Roman Catholic family, Scorsese entered a seminary to study
for the priesthood; but film turned out to be his true calling and he switched to New York
University where he studied the craft and even taught for a while. Among his students was a
From the beginnings of his filmmaking career in the 1970’s, actors learned to respect his passion
for storytelling with characters audiences can believe are real. Leonardo Di Caprio, who starred
in The Aviator and The Departed, says “What I love about Mr. Scorsese’s work is that he not
only gives the same appreciation to the entire film and the construct of the film, but he really lets
the audience engage with every character, no matter how small they are. Each character is
fulfilling.”
His Departed co-star, Matt Damon, says that the world of a Scorsese film, while not necessarily a
comfortable place to be, always seems real. “In all of his films there is an authenticity that you
39
just can’t fake. It’s because he uses a lot of real people and because his actors have access to
these real people to get as much understanding of the people they are playing,” he explains.
The world of a Scorsese film is often shattered by violence. The director says that comes from a
reality he observed while growing up. “The violence in my own films ... I can’t defend it, but I
approach it the way I experienced it and I know what I saw. I was very affected by it, and I can
tell you, more than the physical violence it was the emotional violence around me. It’s part of
what I am and who I am . . . and somehow it channels itself into the films. I see it sometimes as
http://www.voanews.com/content/a-13-2008-01-15-voa31-66597912/555929.html
40
5. Conversation Strategies
Specific cases Conclusions
Anyway
In any case,…
To return to…
Returning back to…
To get back to the point…
Let’s get back to the point…
Where was I?
What were we talking about?
Generalizations
Generally,…
In general, …
As a rule,…
Usually,
Typically,
By and large,
On average,
Generally speaking,
Speaking in general terms,…
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6. Conversation Strategy Practice
Please use Expressions form the previous page to Discuss something with your partner.
Example:
Student B: If you’re talking about Cherry Blossoms, then sure, me too. On that point I agree, but
Student B: Yes it is, but I should mention, of course that I love winter hiking.
Practice
Please practice conversations similar to above using expressions for Specific Cases, Exceptions, Getting
back to the Point, Generalizations and Conclusions.
Please ask a question or say the statement below to you partner and develop a conversation.
Student A:
1. Don’t you think girls are harder workers than boys?
2. It seems to be you’re the best student in class.
Student B:
1. Don’t you think single life is better than married life?
2. It seems to be you work too hard.
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7. Idioms
These Idioms are very common and they are connected to Movies.
Idiom Meaning Example
Mind-blowing extremely impressive, The special effects in that movie were
exciting, or shocking mind-blowing.
Frame of mind A current feeling or emotion or I like comedies but I am not in the right
psychological state frame of mind to watch one now.
Waste of time Spending time on a useless, I saw a movie last night and it was a
pointless or boring activity complete waste of time.
Create an uproar To cause a sensation, outburst, That movie is very racist and it has created
reaction or controversy. a huge uproar in the media and the press.
All-time favorite Our absolute favorite of all Star Wars Episode 5 is my all-time
time (our whole life) favorite movie.
8. Idiom Practice
Please ask and answer the following questions with your partner. Please answer the questions in full,
Student A:
2. Can you talk about a movie that created an uproar in Korea when it was released?
Student B:
2. What was the most mind-blowing movie you have ever seen?
3. Have you ever walked out of a movie theatre because the movie was a waste of time?
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9. Phrasal Verbs
The End
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