2059 w18 QP 02
2059 w18 QP 02
2059 w18 QP 02
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DC (NH/CT) 151989/7
© UCLES 2018 [Turn over
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1 (a) (i) Study Figs. 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 and 1.4 (Insert), photographs showing different crops growing in
Pakistan.
(ii) State what any two of the crops shown in Figs. 1.1–1.4 are used for.
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(b) (i) Explain the ideal natural growing conditions needed to produce cotton. You should
develop your answer.
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(ii) Describe how environmental factors can harm the cotton crop.
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© UCLES 2018 2059/02/O/N/18
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Key:
international boundary
province-level boundary JAMMU &
KASHMIR
disputed boundary
disputed territory
Fig. 1.5
On Fig. 1.5 shade and name the provinces where oilseeds are grown. [3]
(ii) State two reasons why oilseeds are grown in these provinces.
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(d) Pakistan is an agricultural country, yet a recent United Nations report placed Pakistan on a
list of countries facing food shortage in the future. Read the following two views about ways to
prevent future food shortages in Pakistan:
A B
Which view do you agree with more? Give reasons to support your answer and refer to
examples you have studied. You should consider View A and View B in your answer.
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[TOTAL: 25]
2 (a) (i) Which one of the following definitions correctly describes hydel power? Tick one box
below.
Tick (3)
(ii) Explain how the climate causes problems in developing hydel power in Pakistan. You
should develop your answer.
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(b) (i) Study Fig. 2.1, pie charts showing the percentage share of energy produced in Pakistan
and the world.
Pakistan World
0% 0%
90% 10% 90% 10%
Key
coal nuclear
oil hydel
gas renewable
Fig. 2.1
Compare the proportion of energy produced from any two non-renewables in Pakistan
with the rest of the world.
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(ii) State three reasons why the contribution of renewable energy sources, other than hydel
power, is smaller in Pakistan compared to the rest of the world.
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(iii) Suggest two ways solar energy can help solve the problems of producing and distributing
energy in the rural areas of Pakistan.
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[3]
(ii) Give two advantages and two disadvantages of using wind energy.
Advantages Disadvantages
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[4]
(d) Pakistan is planning to expand its nuclear energy capacity from 1300 to 8800 megawatts
between 2018 and 2030.
To what extent is further developing nuclear energy a sustainable way of generating more
electricity in Pakistan? Give reasons to support your judgement and refer to examples you
have studied. You should consider different points of view in your answer.
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[TOTAL: 25]
3 (a) (i) Complete Fig. 3.1, which is a divided bar graph, using the information below to show the
employment structure of Pakistan:
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100%
[4]
Fig. 3.1
(ii) Complete the table by classifying the jobs from the list below into the correct categories.
An example has been done for you.
[3]
(b) (i) Study Fig. 3.2, a world map. Shade and label two countries that are major importers of
products from Pakistan.
Pakistan N
[2]
Fig. 3.2
(ii) Name three major products that are imported into Pakistan.
1 ..................................................................
2 ..................................................................
3 .................................................................. [3]
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(ii) Study Fig. 3.3, a bar graph showing the exports and imports of Pakistan in millions of
rupees.
800 000
700 000
600 000
500 000
millions of
rupees 400 000
300 000
200 000
exports
imports
1979 – 80 1989 – 90 1999 – 2000 2002 – 03
year
Fig. 3.3
A Calculate the trade deficit for 1979–1980. Circle one correct answer below.
B Identify how the trade deficit has changed from 1979 to 2003. Circle one correct
answer below.
(iii) Explain why Pakistan has a trade deficit. You should develop your answer.
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(d) The negative Balance of Payments needs to be corrected in order to ensure future economic
growth. Read the following two views about correcting the Balance of Payments in Pakistan:
A B
The best way to correct the The best way to correct the
Balance of Payments is to Balance of Payments is to
increase exports. restrict imports.
Which view do you agree with more? Give reasons to support your answer and refer to
examples you have studied. You should consider View A and View B in your answer.
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[TOTAL: 25]
BLANK PAGE
4 (a) (i) Study Fig. 4.1, a map showing the rail network in Pakistan.
Key:
international boundary Chitral
province-level boundary
disputed boundary JAMMU &
Peshawar KASHMIR
rail network
Islamabad
disputed territory
AFGHANISTAN
Quetta Lahore
N
INDIA
IRAN X
Z
Fig. 4.1
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(ii) Using Fig. 4.1 only, identify two countries that have international rail links with Pakistan.
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(iii) Using Fig. 4.1 only, describe the regional variations of the rail network in Pakistan.
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(b) (i) State one improvement that has taken place on the railways in Pakistan since 2000.
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(ii) Suggest reasons why the government is improving the railways in Pakistan.
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(c) (i) Study Fig. 4.2, a survey of internet usage in Pakistan in 2014.
Approximately 87% of households own mobile phones but only 7% have an internet
connection.
Mobile phone ownership is higher in urban areas (95%) than rural areas (83%).
Fig. 4.2
Suggest two reasons why a small percentage of the rural population use the internet.
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(ii) Explain why internet access is important in education. You should develop your answer.
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A B
Which view do you agree with more? Give reasons to support your answer and refer to
examples you have studied. You should consider View A and View B in your answer.
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[TOTAL: 25]
5 (a) (i) Study Fig. 5.1, a population pyramid for Pakistan in 2014.
Male Female
100+
95 – 99
90 – 94
older 85 – 89
dependents 80 – 84
75 – 79
70 – 74
65 – 69
60 – 64
55 – 59
50 – 54
45 – 49
economically 40 – 44
active 35 – 39
30 – 34
25 – 29
20 – 24
15 – 19
young 10 – 14
dependents 5–9
0–4
15 12 9 6 3 0 0 3 6 9 12 15
Population (in millions) Age Group Population (in millions)
Fig. 5.1
Females
Age 20–24 10 million
[1]
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(ii) Study Fig. 5.2 showing selected population information about Pakistan.
Fig. 5.2
Using data from Fig. 5.2 calculate the natural population increase for Pakistan.
[2]
(iii) From the list below tick three correct reasons for overpopulation:
Tick (3)
Too many people
Use of contraception
Not enough resources e.g. food, shelter, water
Immigration
Poor infrastructure
Lack of government finance
Rapid population growth
[3]
(c) (i) Give two benefits and two problems to a family of having a small number of children.
benefits ..............................................................................................................................
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(ii) Explain how and why the death rate in Pakistan is changing. You should develop your
answer.
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(d) Stage 4 of the Demographic Transition Model shows low birth and death rates with steady
population growth for Pakistan between 2014 and 2040.
To what extent will low birth and death rates have a positive impact on the future development
of Pakistan? Give reasons to support your judgement and refer to examples you have
studied. You should consider different points of view in your answer.
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[TOTAL: 25]
Additional Page
If you use the following lined page to complete the answer(s) to any question(s), the question number(s)
must be clearly shown.
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