HR Mid Cases 2
HR Mid Cases 2
HR Mid Cases 2
The International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination (ICERD) is a
United Nations convention adopted and opened for signature and ratification by United Nations
General Assembly resolution 2106 (XX) December 21, 1965, and which entered into force January 4,
1969.
CASE:
Plessy vs Ferguson
The Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women is an international
convention adopted in 1979 by the United Nations General Assembly. Described as an international bill
of rights for women, it came into force on 3 September 1981. The Convention defines discrimination
against women in the following terms: ‘Any distinction, exclusion or restriction made on the basis of
sex which has the effect or purpose of impairing or nullifying the recognition, enjoyment or exercise
by women, irrespective of their marital status, on a basis of equality of men and women, of human
rights and fundamental freedoms in the political, economic, social, cultural, civil or any other field.’ It
also establishes an agenda of action for putting an end to sex-based discrimination: States ratifying
the Convention are required to enshrine male/female equality into their domestic legislation, repeal all
discriminatory provisions in their laws, and enact new provisions to guard against discrimination
against women. They must also establish tribunals and public institutions to guarantee women
effective protection against discrimination, and take steps to eliminate all forms of discrimination
practised against women by individuals, organisations, and enterprises. In 1999, the General
Assembly of the United Nations adopted the Optional Protocol of CEDAW. The Protocol includes a
procedure through which individual women or groups can denounce national violations of CEDAW
directly to CEDAW’s committee of experts.
CASE:
The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child, often referred to as “CRC”, is an
international convention setting out the civil, political, economic, social and cultural rights of children.
The United Nations General Assembly agreed to adopt the Convention into international law on
November 20, 1989; it came into force on September 2, 1990, after it was ratified by the required
number of nations. The Convention generally defines a child as any person under the age of 18, unless
an earlier age of majority is recognized by a country’s law. The Convention has two Optional Protocols,
adopted by the General Assembly in May 2000 and applicable to those states that have signed and
ratified them.
case
SPOUSES PRUDENCIO and G.R. No. 163209
FILOMENA LIM,
Petitioners,
Present:
CARPIO, J., Chairperson,
QUISUMBING,*
CHICO-NAZARIO,
- versus - PERALTA, and
ABAD,** JJ.
MA. CHERYL S. LIM,
for herself and on behalf of
her minor children LESTER
EDWARD S. LIM, CANDICE
GRACE S. LIM, and MARIANO Promulgated:
S. LIM, III,
7. International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of
Their Families (ICRMW)
The International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of
Their Families entered into force on July 1, 2003. The Convention constitutes a comprehensive
international treaty regarding the protection of migrant workers’ rights. It emphasizes the connection
between migration and human rights. Its existence sets a moral standard, and serves as a guide and
stimulus for the promotion of migrant rights in each country.
Case:
Sameer vs Cabiles
The Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and its Optional Protocol was adopted on 13
December 2006 at the United Nations Headquarters in New York, and was opened for signature on 30
March 2007. It entered into force on 3 May 2008. The Convention is intended as a human rights
instrument with an explicit, social development dimension. It adopts a broad categorisation of persons
with disabilities and reaffirms that all persons with all types of disabilities must enjoy all human rights
and fundamental freedoms. It clarifies and qualifies how all categories of rights apply to persons with
disabilities and identifies areas where adaptations have to be made for persons with disabilities to
effectively exercise their rights and areas where their rights have been violated, and where protection
of rights must be reinforced. The Optional Protocol allows the UN Committee on the Rights of Persons
with Disabilities to receive and consider communications from or on behalf of individuals or groups of
individuals subject to its jurisdiction who claim to be victims of a violation by that State Party of the
provisions of the Convention.
CASE: