IENE2018 International conference

Final Declaration
common statement by the participants

[TITLE]
CONNECTING EUROPE, CONNECTING NATURE

[SUBTITLE]
Building bridges and crossing borders for the
defragmentation of Europe

[ACKNOWLEDGEMENT]
We, the participants of the IENE 2018 International Conference, acknowledge
that:
 As of January 2014, the European Union adopted a new transport infrastructure
policy that connects the continent: the Trans European Transport Network
(TEN-T). The aim of the TEN-T is to strengthen the social, economic and
territorial cohesion of the EU and to contribute to the establishment of a single
European transport area.
https://ec.europa.eu/transport/themes/infrastructure/about-ten-t_en
 Almost concurrently, since 2013, the European Commission adopted an EU-wide
strategy - “The EU strategy on Green Infrastructure” - to promote the deployment
of green infrastructure across Europe and to develop a Trans-European
Network for Green Infrastructure (TEN-G).
https://ec.europa.eu/environment/nature/ecosystems/strategy/index_en.htm
 The TEN-G aims to enhance nature's ability to deliver multiple valuable
ecosystem goods and services, providing a wide range of environmental,
social, climate change adaptation and mitigation, and biodiversity benefits.
http://ec.europa.eu/environment/nature/ecosystems/index_en.htm
 Habitat fragmentation is a top threat to biodiversity, its impact enhanced by
growing infrastructure networks (transportation, energy and ICT). Land
fragmentation results in undermining ecological connectivity and making it harder
or impossible for wildlife to migrate and find new and/or better suitable habitats .
By preserving the intra- and inter-population connectivity and thus diversity,
biodiversity loss and extinction of species can be prevented.
https://www.eea.europa.eu/soer-2015/europe/biodiversity
 While also affected by other key threats - loss and degradation of wildlife habitats
and while likely to be aggravated by increasing effects of climate change - the
rate of biodiversity loss accelerates not only throughout Europe but equally
worldwide. This is directly connected with the Aichi Biodiversity Targets (Target
5/Strategic goal B: “by 2020, the rate of loss of all natural habitats, including
forests, is at least halved and where feasible brought close to zero, and
degradation and fragmentation is significantly reduced”.
(https://www.cbd.int/sp/targets/).
 As of 14 September 2012, the European Commission adopted a new strategy for
international cooperation in research and innovation: "Enhancing and
focusing EU international cooperation in research and innovation: a strategic
approach.”
https://ec.europa.eu/research/iscp/index.cfm?pg=strategy
 IENE2018 International conference
Final Declaration
common statement by the participants

[STATEMENT]
In this framework, we, the participants of the IENE2018 conference hereby
state:
 The need to acknowledge a sense of urgency concerning habitat
fragmentation throughout Europe. The IENE Conference 2018 is therefore
dedicated in part to presenting the results of the Dutch Defragmentation
Program (MJPO) as a success story in reconnecting fragmented habitats.
Furthermore Austria, Germany, France Czechia or Switzerland have equally
developed national defragmentation concepts for their existing linear
(road) network, adding to the importance of developing a synergetic approach
towards transportation and nature conservancy.
 At the same time, new infrastructure developments, on all levels, from local
to transnational, are expected to be implemented in yet unaffected
landscapes in other regions as Eastern and Southern Europe, whether or not
in the framework of the TEN-T.
 These developments extend beyond Europe, as by 2050 an additional 25
million kilometres of transport infrastructure will be constructed globally.
 The integration of a solid and comprehensive ecological connectivity
strategy within transportation and infrastructural developments would
acknowledge the negative impacts on ecosystems and wildlife habitats, which
result from land fragmentation, and provide the means to address thereof.
 We - the IENE community – therefore call the European Commission to
support the development of a European Defragmentation Program, as a
synergy between the TEN-T and TEN-G strategies.
 Enhanced cooperation is necessary for such a Program, and it cannot be
limited to national governments only, but should equally transcend sectorial
collaboration. Experts and practitioners in the transportation and nature
conservancy fields should work together and conduct joint research to
identify innovative and cost-efficient solutions for defragmentation.
 The development and implementation of the European Defragmentation
Program will support the defragmentation of wildlife habitats throughout
Europe and equally use the resulting expertise to implement similar actions
anywhere else in the world were habitat fragmentation is emerging as a key
threat to biodiversity.
 IENE2018 International conference
Final Declaration
common statement by the participants

[CALL/URGE]
Therefore, we, the participants of the IENE2018 conference call for:

 The allocation of research resources to develop a synergetic approach

between the TEN-T and TEN-G as well as to identify and perform a detailed
analysis of the bottlenecks between the two strategies. An important first step
could be an annotated analysis with one or more maps.
 Improved impact assessment of new or upgraded transport infrastructure
(TEN-T) by integrating a budget for defragmentation measures. This would
imply, for example, integrating the costs for defragmentation measures of the
Green Infrastructure Network within the European transport strategy.
 The development of an action plan that would include financial resources for
the environmental improvement of the existing European transport network.
 The creation of a comprehensive, publicly available database and including
specific information per country on the European defragmentation program
with the aim of sharing data and knowledge among transportation and
nature conservation experts and practitioners working in the field of transport
infrastructure and ecology.
 The design and development of National and Cross-border Strategies for
Defragmentation with the support of the IENE and collegial networks in other
parts of the world (ICOET, ANET, ACLIE, etc.) to exchange expert knowledge
on defragmentation.
 Strengthened interdisciplinary collaboration and cooperation with
partner infrastructure related networks like CEDR, TRA, ITF, and/or DACH
in the transport sector but also with relevant actors in the environmental
sector.

[DATE]
Declared by the participants of the IENE2018 International Conference on
14 September 2018.
 IENE2018 International conference
Final Declaration
common statement by the participants

[DEFINITIONS]

1 Trans-European Transport Network (TEN-T)

The Trans-European Transport Network (TEN-T) is a European Commission policy
directed towards the implementation and development of a Europe-wide network of
roads, railway lines, inland waterways, maritime shipping routes, ports, airports and
rail-road terminals. It consists of two planning layers:
•The Comprehensive Network: Covering all European regions
•The Core Network: Most important connections within the Comprehensive Network
linking the most important nodes.
The ultimate objective of TEN-T is to close gaps, remove bottlenecks and eliminate
technical barriers that exist between the transport networks of EU Member States,
strengthening the social, economic and territorial cohesion of the Union and
contributing to the creation of a single European transport area. The policy seeks to
achieve this aim through the construction of new physical infrastructures; the
adoption of innovative digital technologies, alternative fuels and universal standards;
and the modernisation and upgrade of existing infrastructures and platforms.

2 Green Infrastructure (GI): ‘A strategically planned network of natural and semi-

natural areas with other environmental features designed and managed to deliver a
wide range of ecosystem services. It incorporates green spaces (or blue if aquatic
ecosystems are concerned) and other physical features in terrestrial (including
coastal) and marine areas. On land, GI is present in rural and urban settings’
(European Commission, 2003). Benedict & McMahon (2006) also defined as ‘an
interconnected network of protected land and water that support native species,
maintains natural ecological processes, sustains air and water resources and
contribute to the health and quality of life for communities and people’.

3 Fragmentation

The term fragmentation covers

1 the fragmentation/division/transection of
dispersal or migration corridors and habitats
by linear barriers or edge effects due to traffic infrastructure and other linear technical
elements or urban corridors
and
2. the Isolation/islandization of habitats
which is a thinning out and downsizing of habitats and the loss of connectivity by
distance
due to the expansion or intensification of agriculture, forestry or settlement.

References:
_ Communication from the Commission to the European parliament, the Council, the
European economic and social committee and the committee of the regions. Green
infrastructure (GI) — Enhancing Europe’s Natural Capital (COM/2013/0249 final;
http://ec.europa.eu/environment/nature/ecosystems/index_en.htm). _ Benedict, M.A.
and McMahon, E.T. 2006. Green Infrastructure: Smart Conservation for the 21st
Century. Sprawl Watch Clearinghouse Monographs Series. 32 pp. Washington.
 IENE2018 International conference
Final Declaration
common statement by the participants

[DECLARATIONS]
What are IENE Declarations?
Since 1996, IENE operates as an international and interdisciplinary forum to
encourage and enable cross-boundary cooperation in research and mitigation and
planning in the field of ecology and transport infrastructures. The IENE biannual
international conference provides interdisciplinary discussion panels for these
activities with the aim to present cutting-edge research, identify urgent questions and
problems, discus effective solutions, and outline the paths for upcoming activities in
transport and infrastructure ecology.
Since 2012, a Declaration is produced during each conference and focused on a
topic that requires particular attention from transportation and nature conservancy
stakeholders. This message represents a common statement by the participants and
addresses decision makers, planners, technicians and researchers as well as the
general public, by calling for actions that contribute to finding solutions to old and
emerging conflicts, filling the research gap and overall minimising the impact that
transport infrastructure exerts on nature.

See also previous IENE Declarations:

· IENE Declaration 2012: Overcome Barriers: Europe-wide and now
http://iene2012.iene.info/?page_id=320
· IENE Declaration 2014: Roadless Areas
http://iene2014.iene.info/iene-2014-declaration/
IENE Declaration 2016: Habitats related to Transport Infrastructures
http://www.iene.info/iene-2016-declaration/