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AGLIBOT v.

SANTIA
G.R. No. 185945 December 05, 2012

NEGOTIABLE INSTRUMENTS LAW


RATIO: The relation between an accommodation party and the party
accommodated is, in effect, one of principal and surety — the accommodation
party being the surety. It is a settled rule that a surety is bound equally and
absolutely with the principal and is deemed an original promisor and debtor from
the beginning. The liability is immediate and direct.

FACTS: Engr. Pacific Lending & Capital Corporation (PLCC), through its Manager, petitioner
Fideliza J. Aglibot (Aglibot) obtained a loan to Ingersol L. Santia (Santia), which loan is
evidenced by a promissory note. As a guaranty for the payment of the note, Aglibot issued and
delivered to Santia eleven (11) post-dated personal checks drawn from her own personal account.
Upon presentment of the checks for payment, they were dishonored by the bank for having been
drawn against insufficient funds or closed account. Santia thus demanded payment from PLCC
and Aglibot of the face value of the checks, but neither of them heeded his demand.
Consequently, 11 Informations for violation of B.P. 22 were filed before the MTCC.
MTCC acquitted Aglibot, while the CA ruled that Aglibot is personally liable for the loan.

Aglibot admitted that she did obtain a loan from Santia, but claimed that she did so in behalf of
PLCC and that she was merely a guarantor of the obligation.

ISSUE: Is Aglibot personally liable on the checks?

HELD: Yes, Aglibot is personally liable for the check for being an accommodation party
as provided for under the Negotiable Instruments Law. The appellate court ruled that by issuing
her own post-dated checks, Aglibot thereby bound herself personally and solidarily to pay
Santia, and dismissed her claim that she issued her said checks in her official capacity as PLCC’s
manager merely to guarantee the investment of Santia. The facts present a clear situation where
Aglibot, as the manager of PLCC, agreed to accommodate its loan to Santia by issuing her own
post-dated checks in payment thereof.

The relation between an accommodation party and the party accommodated is, in effect, one of
principal and surety — the accommodation party being the surety. It is a settled rule that a surety
is bound equally and absolutely with the principal and is deemed an original promisor and debtor
from the beginning. The liability is immediate and direct. Unlike in a contract of suretyship, the
liability of the accommodation party remains not only primary but also unconditional to a holder
for value, such that even if the accommodated party receives an extension of the period for
payment without the consent of the accommodation party, the latter is still liable for the whole
obligation and such extension does not release him because as far as a holder for value is
concerned, he is a solidary co-debtor.

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