Sentence Writing
Sentence Writing
Sentence Writing
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Chapter One
Sentence Building
Chapter One is designed to help you write better by giving you instruction in
building better sentences. Sections of the chapter devoted to capitalization,
punctuation, and proper article usage will get you started in the right direction.
Other sections providing instruction in sentence structure, sentence building, and
error correction will get you ready for the basics of paragraph building in Chapter
Two.
Suhyun Kim
John Wayne
Ted Tucker
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Exercise 1.1
name: _______________________________________________________
The first letter of the first word in a sentence is capitalized. This includes all types
of sentences: statements, commands,
questions, and exclamations.
Examples:
Examples:
Seoul Pusan Europe Africa
London New York Korea China
Exercise 1.2
Write the names of two cities, three countries, and a continent here:
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Examples:
German Russian Japanese Korean Chinese Pakistani
Koji is Japanese
Illyana is Russian
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Exercise 1.3
Examples:
Statement: Jenny is a student.
Command: Have a seat.
Exercise 1.4
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Example:
Is Jenny a Student?
Exercise 1.5
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Example:
Look out!
Exercise 1.6
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Sentence Building Tools: Using the articles a and an
Using articles correctly will help your writing have a natural flow to it.
Examples:
a uniform an x-ray machine
a university an hour
Exercise 1.7
Exercise 1.8
5. _____ elevator will take you to the main offices on the fiftieth floor.
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Sentence Building Tools:
Capitalization – Days, Months, Seasons, and more
Capitalize the days of the week.
Examples:
Saturday Wednesday
Sunday Thursday
Monday Friday
Tuesday
Examples:
July
February
summer
spring
Examples:
Chong-ro Street
Third Avenue
Examples:
A Samsung television
A Lotte hamburger
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Exercise 1.9
Example:
birds
1. tokyo
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2. china
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3. cabbage
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4. an eagle
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5. february
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Exercise 1.10
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Sentence Building Tools:
Punctuation – Apostrophes
Contractions need an apostrophe. The apostrophe should be
placed where the missing letter(s) would be and also placed
higher than the lower case letters.
Examples:
she’s = she is
There are mistakes in the following sentences. Write the sentences correctly and
use correct punctuation and capitalization.
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2. brazils an country
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3. an cat is an animal
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Sentence Building Tools: Titles
A job name is capitalized only if it is used as a title.
Examples:
Mrs. Oh
Exercise 1.12
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Your instructor will use the proofreading symbols on the charts below.
Proofreading Symbols
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Explanation Sentence marked with Corrected sentence
symbols
1. Insert a space Mr. Lim wentto work. Mr. Lim went to work.
2. connect and They go to school to gether. They go to school together.
make one word
3. add words Haeundae is very pretty, Haeundae is very pretty, but it is not my
but not my favorite beach. favorite beach.
6. wrong word You speak English very You speak English very well.
ww good.
7. change order Ramon is boss my. Ramon is my boss.
(transpose)
8. word order error We drove to the coast east We drove to the east coast yesterday.
yesterday.
9. Capitalization where did you go on Where did you go on Sunday?
uc
error sunday?
l
c
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Exercise 1.13
The mistakes in the following sentences have been marked with editing symbols.
Write the corrected sentences on the lines provided.
1. I like go to shopping on Sundays.
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2. Chungju is acity in Korea.
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3. Gina is a very practically person.
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4. Monet is a very famus painter
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5. she is from china.
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1.
wrong tense Susie go to school next year. Susie will go to school next year.
2.
sentence fragment When she was studying. When she was studying, she fell
asleep.
She fell asleep.
3.
run-on sentence We talked late into the night, in ad- We talked late into the night. In
dition we ate a lot of food. addition, we ate a lot of food.
4. He studied continuously during his He studied continuously during his
university years. When he started university years.
his new job at Samsung, he was
tired all the time. When he started his new job
new paragraph at Samsung, he was tired all the
time.
5. When he started his new job at When he started his new job at
Samsung, he was tired all the time. Samsung, he was tired all the time.
indent Then, after a couple years, he real- Then, after a couple years, he real-
ized that he had a health problem. ized that he had a health problem.
There are many mistakes in this paragraph. Editing symbols have been used to
mark the errors. Correct the mistakes and rewrite the paragraph correctly.
Solhe kim is a accountant. she work for kumho tire company in seoul.
She married five year and has daughter. She enjoys bowling. And
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Examples:
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Also, place a comma between a city and a country or a city and a state (or province).
Examples:
Exercise 1.15
Fill in the blanks. Use the verbs is, isn’t, are, or aren’t. Then write the sentences
with correct capitalization and punctuation on the lines below.
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2. a jungle ________ cold dry and dusty
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3. We visited the Forbidden City in Peking China
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4. My home is in Kaoshung Taiwan.
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Usually the first letters of words are used to make acronyms—like the examples
above. Sometimes other letters are used, sometimes not.
Examples:
Exercise 1.16
Fill in the blanks using is and are. Then write the sentences with correct
capitalization and punctuation on the lines below.
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2. my tv ________ broken
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3. my new id card ________ from konkuk university
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4. the hotels in the uae _________________ expensive
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A subject is a noun or pronoun that identifies the person, place or thing the
sentence is about. The subject does the action of an action verb or comes before
a linking verb in a statement.
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A fragment is part of a sentence presented as if it were complete sentence
(subject + verb). A fragment may be missing a subject or verb (or both). A
fragment is an incomplete sentence and is grammatically incorrect.
Example:
Corrected:
For example, she studies English literature, listening, and speech. [complete
sentence]
Examples:
A beautiful log cabin, for example, is correct English, but it is not a sentence
because it doesn’t have a verb. A beautiful log cabin sits on top of the mountain is
a complete sentence because it has both a subject and verb.
Sometimes the subject of a sentence is not written (or spoken), but is understood.
Exercise 1.17
Read the phrases below and mark the fragments with and
F and the complete sentences with CS.
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1. He walks home every day. 11. He walks.
Exercise 1.18
1. six sentences
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2. seven sentences
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Examples:
Exercise 1.19
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1. shikoku island is in japan
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4. the south sea is between korea and japan
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You should capitalize place names such as hospitals, hotels, buildings, companies,
and schools.
Examples:
Exercise 1.20
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3. kaist is in daejon
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Sentence Structure:
Some of the simplest sentences you will write will use the verb “be”.
Examples:
My house is in Pusan.
It is noon.
We are students.
Write sentences with the following words using the example structure.
i person
she actor
bird animal
students furniture
chairs animals
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1.______________________________________________________
2.______________________________________________________
3.______________________________________________________
4.______________________________________________________
5.______________________________________________________
6.______________________________________________________
7.______________________________________________________
8.______________________________________________________
9.______________________________________________________
Sentence
Structure:
As stated in the previous section, some of the most simple sentences you will
write will use the verb “be”. Be connects or links the subject to more than just
nouns, as in the previous exercise, but also to an adjective or a place. On the
previous pages we practiced writing with be, now we will practice using it in the
negative form.
Examples:
She is (not) beautiful. She's (not) a dentist. She is(n't) in the library.
You are (not) funny. You're (not) a man. You are(n’t) here.
They are (not) friendly. They're (not) Koreans. They are(n’t) at school.
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Exercise 1.22
Write sentences with the words below. Use the correct form of be.
1. I / be / not / at school
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2. you / be / a student
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7. I / be / student / good / a
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8. we / be / hungry
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Rewrite the following sentences. If possible, change all the nouns in parentheses
to the plural form. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verb. You
should use the simple present tense and correct capitalization and punctuation.
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2. his (teeth) (be) white
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3. the (child) (have) a (toy)
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4. his (car) (be) expensive
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5. the (air) (be) dirty in the big (city)
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6. the (hotel) (be) outside the city
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Exercise 1.24
The underlined nouns and verbs should be changed, if incorrect. Verbs may need
to be changed to reflect singular or plural subjects. Crossout errors and write the
correction above in the space above them.
When morning came, they started again. Before they had gone
far they heard a low rumble, as of the growling of many wild animal.
Toto whimpered a little, but none of the others was frightened, and
they kept along the well-trodden path until they came to an opening
variety. There were tiger and elephant and bear and wolf and fox and
all the other in the natural history, and for a moment Dorothy was
afraid. But the Lion explained that the animals was holding a meeting,
and he judged by their snarling and growling that they were in great
Exercise 1.25
Rewrite the sentences below with correct capitalization and punctuation. Don’t
forget to use a question mark.
1. is he a student no he isnt
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2. are they going to a movie yes they are
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Example:
November 9, 1951
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3. are they in pusan chollanam-do no they arent
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S S V
S V
School. They are two of the over five-hundred foreign students there.
S V
Their father owns a big chemical company. After the international school,
S S V S V
Jerry and Jenny hope to study business at university so they can join their
S V S V S
father’s business. They know they will need to learn English well so they
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Exercise 1.27
Read the following paragraph and circle the subject(s) and verb(s) in each
sentence. Then write by each circled word an S for subject or V for verb.
She lives in Pusan, but she was born in a small town near Daegu. She
lives with her father and mother. She has one brother and one sister.
university. She enjoys studying, and she also likes working out at the gym.
Exercise 1.28
Write an S or V where the question marks are to tell what is missing. Then write
the missing words next to the question marks.
are very sick. People ? _______ there also when they have been
hospital.
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To better understand Chapter Two, answer the questions below.
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____________ sentences.
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Chapter Two
When you are writing a paragraph, it is important to write only about things
related to the topic sentence. When something is not related to the topic sentence
it should not be in the paragraph, and it is called irrelevant.
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Exercise 2.1
Example:
galleries to see.
restaurants.
_____ 2. Visiting English speaking countries can help you learn English
very helpful.
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III. Topic Sentence: I love to watch science fiction movies.
_____ 1. Science fiction can tell us a lot about what tomorrow’s world
may be like.
_____ 3. It is exciting to see the new ideas the writers come up with.
more severely.
Exercise 2.2
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Notice that the sentence, Many children hit other children when they are
angry is irrelevant because it does not talk about the topic sentence. It should be
taken out of the paragraph.
1. Children sick with a cold or the flu usually don't need to stay in bed all day. In
fact, you probably can't keep them there! They should avoid being too active and
should rest often. Sometimes parents are too busy to take care of their sick
children. Simple and quiet games can help keep them occupied. A Disney movie
or video may help pass the time too.
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2. There are many reasons why students cheat on examinations. Some don’t
understand that it is wrong. Others are under a lot of pressure to achieve. Still
others find the work is too difficult and don’t know how to study. Many children
are afraid they will be punished by their parents if their test scores are too low.
Studying is the best way to get a good score on an examination.
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Paragraph Building Exercise:
Irrelevant Sentences
Exercise 2.3
Example: There are many things you can do to help the earth’s environment. You
can recycle newspapers, clear plastic and aluminum cans. You can buy products
made from recycled paper. Also, you can purchases drinks in glass bottles or
aluminum cans instead of plastic containers. Glass and aluminum are easier to
recycle. I enjoy recycling.
1.
time for appointments that we have agreed to. I am often late for my
2.
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Sentence Structure Review Exercises:
Subject-Verb Agreement
Exercise 2.4
Rewrite all the following sentences by changing the nouns to plural form. Be sure to
use the correct form of the verb. Use the simple present tense and correct
capitalization and punctuation.
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2. the (tree) (have) brown (leaf)
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3. the (car) (be) clean
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4. their (house) (be) very big
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Exercise 2.5
Rewrite the following sentences by changing them from singular to plural or plural to
singular. Correct capitalization and punctuation should be used.
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5. whales are mammals
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Choose the best topic sentence for each of the following paragraphs and put an “x” on
the line next to it.
1.
There's more to Korean plant life than just rice, apple trees and pine trees. Because
of the diversity of Korean soil and environments, it has a wide variety of plants. A
drive around the countryside will show you what an interesting assortment of plants
there are.
2.
They check their plane to make sure that it is working properly. They also make sure
that baggage or cargo has been loaded correctly. They check the weather forecast to
see if they will run into any bad weather on their trip. They then decide what route
they should take, and how high and fast they should fly.
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3.
When we are sick, they tell us what we have. They give us medicine and other kinds
of treatment. They examine us and listen to us tell them how we feel. They tell us
what is good for us to eat and how we can have better hygiene.
4.
One in particular is the celebration called Tihar. This is a day when "sisters" honor
their "brothers" by giving tikka (a red powder mark on the forehead, which is a
blessing). Quotes are around "sister" and "brother" because in Nepal these words can
mean any relative in the same age range: cousins, children of in-laws, and so forth.
During Tihar, special food is prepared and eaten, and everybody gets new clothes.
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2. ________ people (be) at the office party
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As your writing skills improve you will want to use more complex sentences to keep
your writing interesting. And or but can connect two sentences. When using and or
but to connect two sentences, use a comma before and or but.
Dr. Park’s class is very interesting. Dr. Park’s class is difficult to pass.
Dr. Park’s class is very interesting, but it is difficult to pass.
She is a very rich woman, and she has a large savings account.
She is a very rich woman, but she never has any money with her.
Don’t use a comma when you use two adjectives and join them with and or
but.
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Exercise 2.9
Rewrite the following sentences with the correct form of be. Use and or but to
connect the two sentences. Correct capitalization and punctuation should be used.
7. There (be) good Chinese food at that restaurant. It (be) too expensive.
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8. There (be) good Chinese at that restaurant. It (be) not very expensive.
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Sentence Structure:
Building Descriptive Sentences
Example 1:
To put variety in your writing you can also write the characteristic or quality first, use
the preposition of, and change the verb have to be. Then you must begin the
sentence with the. Rewrite the follow sentences using this structure:
Example 2:
Exercise 2.10
Rewrite the following sentences using the structure in Example 2.
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3. A hotel has big, comfortable beds.
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Exercise 2.11
Choose three familiar objects and write sentences like the examples above.
1._______________________________________________________
2._______________________________________________________
3._______________________________________________________
Exercise 2.12
The following sentences are about the weather and how to dress while touring
Beijing, China. There is too much information here for one paragraph. Some of the
sentences are specifically about the weather. Put the number of those sentences in
the box below marked Weather. Other sentences are about how to dress while
touring Beijing. Put the number of those sentences in the box below marked Dress.
Each set of sentences has one that is general enough to be a topic sentence. Circle
those two sentences.
2. Autumn is best as the temperature is mild and the sun is out a lot.
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5. It is easy to dress for touring Beijing.
9. The temperature in spring is nice, too, but it is very dry and windy.
Dress
Weather
1.________
1.________
2.________
2.________
3.________
3.________
4.________
4.________
5.________
5.________
6.________
6.________
Exercise 2.13
Now, rewrite these two sets of sentences as separate paragraphs.
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Beijing’s weather:
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Sentence Structure:
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Describing Things
To keep your writing interesting, describe things with the same information in a
different way. Do this by using a different word order.
shape
size
color
weight
height
width
length
thickness
texture
etc.
Exercise 2.14
Rewrite each of the sentences below using the descriptive structure in the example.
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4. A Boeing 747 is large. (size)
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Exercise 2.15
Write four sentences describing the same object. Use both sentence structures from
the previous exercise.
1.A._______________________________________________________
1.B._______________________________________________________
2.A._______________________________________________________
2.B. _______________________________________________________
3.A._______________________________________________________
3.B._______________________________________________________
4.A._______________________________________________________
4.B._______________________________________________________
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Read this paragraph about a common object in our lives.
Exercise 2.16
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To better understand some of the problems in
Chapter Three, answer the questions below.
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Chapter Three: Tools for Building Paragraphs
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More than one noun can come after there + be.
Exercise 3.1
Write sentences using There + be.
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Exercise 3.2
Using there is/there are, write complete sentences using the
words given. Remember to add articles and prepositions
where needed.
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Examples:
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2. If the subject is countable and is plural, use a plural verb.
Examples:
When using there is or there are many sentences will contain prepositional
phrases of place.
Exercise 3.3
Using There are/There is, write sentences below using prepositional phrases of
place and the subjects in this list:
a lot of money
Mr. Park
1. _______________________________________________________
2. _______________________________________________________
3. _______________________________________________________
4. _______________________________________________________
5. _______________________________________________________
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Proofreading Exercise: Using there
Exercise 3.4
The descriptive paragraph below has mistakes. Rewrite the paragraph and correct
the mistakes. Use There are/There is when possible and vary the sentence
structures (word order).
My university is beautiful. It have a large lake and two small pond on the campus.
The lake is round in shape. The pond are square. One pond has a large fountain.
Around the pond are garden. One of the gardens has three rose bush and two large
magnolia trees. They smell wonderful! Next to the lake is a seating area for
students. It has a bench and many chairs. The bench is hard, but the chairs are
very soft and comfortable. There are a covered area. It is to protect the students
from the sun and the rain. It is large and brown. The campus also has a very large
grassy area. The grass is soft and green. The beautiful lake, ponds and grassy area
are where the students like to study and spend time with their friends.
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Exercise 3.5
Now write a paragraph about your own school (or workplace). What is it like? Start
with a topic sentence like the one in the paragraph above. Use There are/There is
when possible and vary the sentence structures (word order).
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Sentence Building Tools: Before and After
When you write sentences that describe a series of activities or events, you can use
sequence words to combine sentences.
Two common sequence words are before and after. If the sentence starts with
before or after put a comma after the first phrase. If before or after is in the
middle of the sentence, don’t use a comma.
Examples:
I go to school.
I do my homework.
Exercise 3.6
Write five sentences using before or after. Write about your daily routine.
Examples of daily routine: get up in the morning, brush my teeth, comb my hair, go
to school, study, attend classes, eat breakfast/lunch/dinner
1. _____________________________________________________
2. _____________________________________________________
3. _____________________________________________________
4. ______________________________________________________
5. ______________________________________________________
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Topic Sentences: Introducing your Topic
Every paragraph must have a topic sentence. The main idea of the paragraph is
usually given in the first sentence and is called the topic sentence. It introduces
what the paragraph is talking about (the topic) and limits the information that can be
given by the other sentences.
In your paragraph about your day (the exercise below), the purpose of the topic
sentence should be to introduce your topic.
A topic sentence should talk about the topic, not about what you intend or are
planning to write. Students often mistakenly begin a paragraph with sentences such
as: I want to tell you about . . . or I’m going to write about . . .or This
paragraph is about . . . or Let me tell you about . . .. These are not proper
topic sentences as they do not really introduce the topic. They introduce your intent,
your writing plan, but not your topic.
Exercise 3.6
Write a paragraph about a day in your life on the following blank lines.
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Exercise 3.7
Read each of the paragraphs below and write a topic sentence for that paragraph.
Remember that the topic sentence should introduce the main idea of the
paragraph and will also limit what the other sentences can talk about. Be sure the
topic sentence is general enough to include all the sentences in the paragraph.
1. Topic Sentence:
_________________________________________________________
The prizes are named after Alfred Nobel, the inventor of dynamite, who
created the prizes in his will. He donated a good portion of his estate to
fund the prizes, decided who would judge the winners of each award
2. Topic Sentence:
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The topic of body odors is so offensive that most people will not tell
another person he or she has bad breath or body odor. You do not have
be enough to take a shower each day, wear clean clothes, and brush
3. Topic Sentence:
_________________________________________________________
interests the other person. Ask them about themselves and in the
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4. Topic Sentence:
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5. Topic Sentence:
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In the last hundred years alone, there have been more than 1.5 million earthquake-
related fatalities. Usually, it's not the shaking ground itself that claims lives -- it's
the destruction of manmade structures and the creation of other natural disasters,
such as tsunamis, avalanches and landslides.
6. Topic Sentence:
_________________________________________________________
Think long and hard about the fact that a tattoo is permanent. What’s
Similar to before and after, when can be used to combine sentences when you
are writing about a series of activities or events.
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The same punctuation rules apply when you combine two sentences into one. If
the sentence starts with when, put a comma after the first phrase. If when is in
the middle of the sentence, don’t use a comma.
Examples:
When I am late for school, I don’t eat breakfast.
I don’t eat breakfast when I am late for school.
Exercise 3.8
Write six sentences using when. Use when at the beginning and in the middle of
sentences
1. __________________________________________________________________________
2. __________________________________________________________________________
3. __________________________________________________________________________
4. _________________________________________________________________________
5. __________________________________________________________________________
6. __________________________________________________________________________
Exercise 3.9
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Example:
Professor Lim teaches her first class in the library at 10:00 o’clock.
Not every sentence will have a What, Where and When part.
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2. in the math building / are studying / the students /for the test
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4. was stolen / this morning / his new BMW / from the parking lot
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Exercise 3.10
Now write six sentences using who + verb + what + where + when.
1. __________________________________________________________________________
2. __________________________________________________________________________
3. __________________________________________________________________________
4. _________________________________________________________________________
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5. __________________________________________________________________________
6. __________________________________________________________________________
You can use the terms need to and want to to help you build useful sentences.
Need to is used to indicate something that you feel you must do.
Want to is used to indicate something that you would like to do.
Exercise 3.10
Use the phrases from the list below to make eight new sentences.
Example:
Study for my English test
I need to study for my English test.
Phrase list
get a taxi
walk home
call my girlfriend
get good grades
find a good job after university
help my parents
buy a bus ticket to Pusan
go to a move this weekend
1. __________________________________________________________________________
2.__________________________________________________________________________
3.__________________________________________________________________________
4.__________________________________________________________________________
5.__________________________________________________________________________
6.__________________________________________________________________________
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7.__________________________________________________________________________
8.__________________________________________________________________________
The subject is the noun or pronoun that identifies the person place or thing the
sentence is about. The verb tells the action done by the subject or explains its
condition.
Subject Verb
She studies.
He runs.
My dog is sleeping.
The subject in a simple sentence may be compound. That is two nouns may use
the same verb in the sentence.
A sentence may also have a describing phrase (or complement), but it does not
have to have one. A describing phrase or complement gives additional
information about the meaning about the subject or verb.
or Complement
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A complement can also be a verb phrase or a prepositional phrase.
Exercise 3.11
Write three descriptive sentences below using each of the nine sentence
structures above.
1. __________________________________________________________________________
2.__________________________________________________________________________
3.__________________________________________________________________________
4. __________________________________________________________________________
5.__________________________________________________________________________
6.__________________________________________________________________________
7. __________________________________________________________________________
8.__________________________________________________________________________
9.__________________________________________________________________________
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Examples:
Each and every, when used with a singular noun, should be followed by a singular
noun.
Examples:
Examples:
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A prepositional phrase often comes after the subject of a sentence, but
before the verb. The phrase is not a part of the subject, so it should not
be used to determine for the form of the verb.
Examples:
Five hundred won is all I have.
The number of people here tonight is amazing!
There are times when you will need to use the noun in the prepositional phrase to
determine the correct verb form. This is true when using a lot, any, none, plenty,
the majority, most, some, a number, a/the majority and all. If the noun in the
prepositional phrase is a non-count noun, you should use a singular verb. If it is a
plural noun, use a plural verb. If it is a singular noun, use a singular verb.
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term + preposition noun verb
any of
each of
either of
neither of
most of
some of
all of
a/the majority of
a number of
plenty of
most of
plenty of
some of
a lot of
none of
Exercise 3.12
Fill in the blanks in the following sentences. Use the correct form of
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2. A lot of the problems on the test _______ (be) impossible to solve.
5. A majority of the voters _______ (be) not going to vote for him.
Exercise 3.13
Write ten sentences of your own using the terms in the chart on the previous
page.
1._____________________________________________________
2._____________________________________________________
3._____________________________________________________
4._____________________________________________________
5._____________________________________________________
6._____________________________________________________
7._____________________________________________________
8._____________________________________________________
9._____________________________________________________
10.____________________________________________________
Exercise 3.14
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Example:
S V C
1. My hometown is Kyeongju.
Example:
Akiko is a student.
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1. My brother lives in an apartment in Paris.
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
Exercise 3.16
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
Proofreading Exercise
Exercise 3.17
1. I apartment
________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
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3. works hard
_________________________________________________________
4. bob tall
_________________________________________________________
5. my university is
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
7. jim is
_________________________________________________________
8. don’t late
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
10. She is
_________________________________________________________
11.Before I go to school
_________________________________________________________
12. on weekends
_________________________________________________________
Examples:
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1st and 2nd 3rd person
person singular
run runs
walk walks
sleep sleeps
shop shops
Examples:
Verbs that end in with -ss, -z, -ch, -sh, and –x require an –es added to
the end to change their spelling to third person singular form.
Examples:
watch watches
push pushes
fix fixes
pass passes
Examples:
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Examples:
Examples:
Verbs that end in with a vowel + y require that you add –s to change their
spelling to third person singular form. {y+s }
Examples:
Examples:
Exercise 3.18
Change the subject in the sentences below to third person singular. Use a person
you know as the subject of the sentence. Correct the capitalization and
punctuation. Write the changed and corrected sentences on the lines below.
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1. you exercise every day
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
Exercise 3.19
1.__________________________________________________________________________
2.__________________________________________________________________________
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there is many reason why insect are so successful at surviving. their ability to
adapts allow them to live in extreme temperatures and environments. insect can
eats a wide range of naturals and artificial foods. these include paints, pepper,
glue, book, grain, cotton, other insects, plants and animals. because they are
small they can hide in tiny space. strong, hard but flexible shell called a
exoskeleton cover their soft organs. it also protect them from chemicals, water
and physical impact. their wing allow them to fly away from dangerous situation or
toward food or mate.
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
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Exercise 3.21: Paragraph Correction Exercise 2
There are many mistakes in the following paragraph. Correct the mistakes and
rewrite the paragraph on the lines below.
there is some very important things that childrens, need to keep in mind when
they're on a computer at home or at school. First, they should never to give out
personal information such as their name address school or telephone number.
also, they should never sends a picture of themselves to someone they chats with
on the computer without their parent's permission. they should never writes to
someones who have made them feels uncomfortable or scared. also, they should
not meets someone or has them visits them without the permission of their
parents. the problem are that people sometimes misrepresent themselves on the
Internet.
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
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Exercise 3.22: Paragraph Correction Exercise 3
There are many mistakes in the following paragraph. Correct the mistakes and
rewrite the paragraph on the lines below.
pharmacists sells medicine to people who are sick, when doctor says that they
need it. they tells peoples how to use the medicine correctly. sometimes,
pharmacists mixes the medicine themselves most often, though, they sells
medicines that has been made for them. Pharmacists usually works in drug
stores. these store is clean and have a lot of light. Many pharmacist stands while
they works. pharmacists often wear glove and masks when they work with things
that could hurts them. some pharmacist work at night or on weekends. this are
because sick peoples may needs medicine at any time.
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
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Sentence Building Tools: because and so
Because and so help us write cause and effect sentences. Because is used to give
a cause or reason. So is used to give a result.
Example:
Using because:
I want to study.
Notice that if the reason (because) comes first, you must use a comma after it.
Using so:
I want to study.
You must use a comma before so. Notice also, that you can not use so first - as
you can with because.
Exercise 3.23
Practice combining sentences using because and so. Write two sentences with
because and one sentence with so.
_________________________________________________________
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_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
6. Jan went singing last night. She was sleepy in class today.
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
Paragraph Organization:
Topic and Supporting Sentences
When writing a paragraph, it is best to organize your thoughts before you start
putting them in paragraph form.
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rewrite the topic sentence with proper capitalization, punctuation, and grammar.
Supporting sentences:
Next, you should write many supporting sentences about the topic. Don’t worry
about proper capitalization, punctuation, and grammar. Then review the
supporting sentences and make sure that they all support the main idea of the
topic sentence. Cross out any sentences that do not support the main idea.
Those sentences are irrelevant. Also cross out any sentences that may state the
same ideas as other sentences, but in other ways. These sentences are
redundant.
Exercise 3.24
Write five possible topic sentences below about your experience at school. Don’t
worry about proper capitalization, punctuation, and grammar.
1. _______________________________________________________________________
2. ________________________________________________________________________
3. ________________________________________________________________________
4. ________________________________________________________________________
5. ________________________________________________________________________
Exercise 3.25
Go back and select the best topic sentence. Rewrite it below with proper
capitalization, punctuation, and grammar.
Topic Sentence:
________________________________________________________________________
Exercise 3.26
Now write ten sentences about the main idea of the topic sentence. Don’t worry
about proper capitalization, punctuation, and grammar.
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1. _______________________________________________________________________
2. _______________________________________________________________________
3. _______________________________________________________________________
4. _______________________________________________________________________
5. _______________________________________________________________________
6. _______________________________________________________________________
7. _______________________________________________________________________
8. _______________________________________________________________________
9. _______________________________________________________________________
10. _____________________________________________________________________
Exercise 3.27
Go back and review the sentences above. Cross out any sentences that are
irrelevant or redundant. Rewrite the best six sentences below with proper
capitalization, punctuation, and grammar.
Supporting sentences:
1. ________________________________________________________________________
2. ________________________________________________________________________
3. ________________________________________________________________________
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4. ________________________________________________________________________
5. ________________________________________________________________________
6. ________________________________________________________________________
Exercise 3.28
Use your topic and supporting sentences from above and put them in paragraph
form below.
Paragraph:
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
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