INTERNATlONAL

REGULATlONS FOR
PREVENTING COLLlSlONS
AT SEA, 1972 (COLREGs)
ULUSLARARASI 1972 DENİZDE
ÇATIŞMAYI ÖNLEME TÜZÜĞÜ

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Adoption: 20 October 1972
Entry into force: 15 July 1977

The 1972 Convention was designed to

update and replace the Collision Regulations
of 1960 which were adopted at the same
time as the 1960 SOLAS Convention.

One of the most important innovations in

the 1972 COLREGs was the recognition given
to traffic separation schemes – (Rule 10).

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Amendment procedure:

Under the "tacit acceptance (dolaylı kabul)"

procedure incorporated in the Convention,
an amendment must first be adopted by
two-thirds of those present and voting in
the Maritime Safety Committee.

It is then communicated to
Contracting Parties and
considered by the IMO
Assembly.

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If adopted by two-thirds of the States
present and voting in the Assembly, it
automatically enters into force on a specified
date unless more than one-third of the
Contracting Parties notify the Organization of
their objection.

In addition, a Conference for the purpose of

revising the Convention or its regulations or
both may be convened (toplanmak) by IMO at
the request of not less than one-third of
Contracting Parties.

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 The 1981 amendments: Entry into
force: 1 June 1983
 The 1987 amendments: Entry into
force: 19 November 1989
 The 1989 amendments: Entry into
force: 19 April 1991
 The 1993 amendments: Entry into
force: 4 November 1995
 The 2001 amendments: Entry into
force: 29 November 2003 [The amendments
include new rules relating to Wing-in Ground (WIG) craft]

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Technical provisions:

The COLREGs include 38 rules divided into

five sections:

Part A – General (Genel)

Part B – Steering and Sailing Rules
(Manevra ve Seyir Kuralları)
Part C - Lights and Shapes
(Fenerler ve Şekiller)
Part D - Sound and Light Signals
(Ses ve Işık İşaretleri)
Part E – Exemptions (İstisnalar)

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PART A: GENERAL (GENEL)
Rule 1 Application (Uygulama)
Rule 2 Responsibility (Sorumluluk)
Rule 3 General Definitions (Genel Tanımlar)

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PART B: STEERING AND SAILING RULES (MANEVRA VE SEYİR
KURALLARI)
Rule 4 Application (Uygulama)
Rule 5 Look-out (Gözcülük)
Rule 6 Safe Speed (Emniyetli Hız)
Rule 7 Risk of Collision (Çatışma Tehlikesi)
Rule 8 Action to Avoid Collision (Çatışmayı Önleme Hareketi)
Rule 9 Narrow Channels (Dar Kanallar)
Rule 10 Traffic Separation Schemes (Trafik Ayrım Düzenleri)
Rule 11 Application (Uygulama)
Rule 12 Sailing Vessels (Yelkenli Tekneler)
Rule 13 Overtaking (Yetişme)
Rule 14 Head-on Situation (Pruva Pruvaya Geliş Durumu)
Rule 15 Crossing Situation (Aykırı Geçiş)
Rule 16 Action by Give-way Vessel (Yol Veren Teknenin Davranışı)
Rule 17 Action by Stand-on Vessel (Yol Verilen Teknenin Davranışı)
Rule 18 Responsibilities Between Vessels (Tekneler Arasındaki
Sorumluluklar)
Rule 19 Conduct of Vessels in Restricted Visibility (Kısıtlı Görüş
Koşullarında Teknelerin Davranışları)
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PART C: LIGHTS AND SHAPES (FENERLER VE ŞEKİLLER)
Rule 20 Application (Uygulama)
Rule 21 Definitions (Tanımlar)
Rule 22 Visibility of Lights (Fenerlerin Görünüşü)
Rule 23 Power-driven Vessels Underway (Üzerinde Yol Bulunan
Kuvvetle Yürütülen Tekneler)
Rule 24 Towing and Pushing (Çekerek ve İterek Yedekleme)
Rule 25 Sailing Vessels Underway and Vessels Under Oars
(Üzerinde Yol Bulunan Yelkenli Tekneler ve Kürekli Tekneler)
Rule 26 Fishing Vessels (Balıkçı Tekneleri)
Rule 27 Vessels not Under Command or Restricted in their
Ability to Manoeuvre (Kumanda Altında Bulunmayan veya
Manevra Gücü Kısıtlı Olan Tekneler)
Rule 28 Vessels Constrained by their Draught (Su Çekimi
Nedeniyle Seyirleri Kısıtlı Olan Tekneler)
Rule 29 Pilot Vessels (Kılavuz Tekneleri)
Rule 30 Anchored Vessels and Vessels Aground (Demirli veya
Karaya Oturmuş Tekneler)
Rule 31 Seaplanes (Deniz Uçakları)
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PART D: SOUND AND LIGHT SIGNALS
(SES VE IŞIK İŞARETLERİ)
Rule 32 Definitions (Tanımlar)
Rule 33 Equipment for Sound Signals
(Ses İşaretleri için Aletler)
Rule 34 Manoeuvring and Warning Signals
(Manevra ve Uyarma İşaretleri)
Rule 35 Sound Signals in Restricted Visibility
(Kısıtlı Görüş Hallerinde Verilecek Ses İşaretleri)
Rule 36 Signals to Attract Attention
(Dikkat Çekme İşaretleri)
Rule 37 Distress Signals (Tehlike İşaretleri)
PART E EXEMPTIONS (İSTİSNALAR)
Rule 38 Exemptions (İstisnalar)
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Attachments and Annexes:
Attachment 1 Convention on the
International Regulations for Preventing
Collisions at Sea
Attachment 2 Resolution 1 (Karar 1)
Attachment 3 Resolution 2 (Karar 2)
Annex 1 Positioning and technical details of lights and shapes
(Fenerlerin ve şekillerin yerleştirilmeleri ve teknik ayrıntılar)
Annex 2 Additional signals for fishing vessels fishing in close
proximity (Birbirlerine yakın halde balıkçılık yapan balıkçı
tekneleri için ek işaretler)
Annex 3 Technical details of sound signal appliances
(Sesle işaret veren aletlerin teknik ayrıntıları)
Annex 4 Distress signals (Tehlike işaretleri)

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 PART C: LIGHTS AND SHAPES
(FENERLER VE ŞEKİLLER)

AGENDA: (Rules 20-30)

 Rule #20/21 Application and Definitions
 Rule #22 Visibility of Lights
 Rule #23 Power Driven Vessels Underway
 Rule #24 Towing and Pushing
 Rule #25 Sailing Vessels
 Rule #26 Fishing Vessels
 Rule #27 Vessels not under command / restricted in ability
 Rule #28 Vessels constrained by draft
 Rule #29 Pilot vessels
 Rule #30 Vessels aground/at anchor

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 Rule 20: Application of Lights and Dayshapes

► Lights shall be displayed:

 From sunset to sunrise
 In conditions of restricted visibility
 In all other circumstances when deemed
appropriate

► Purpose of Lights and Dayshapes:

 Helps determine stand on/give way status.
 Indicates the occupation of certain vessels.
 Aids in the determination of target angle and
course.

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 Rule 21: Definitions
Rule 22: Visibility of Lights
Min Ranges
TYPE OF LIGHT COLOR ARC 50M+ 12-50M
Masthead (Silyon) white 225° 6 nm 5 nm
Sidelight (Borda) red/green 112.5° 3 nm 2 nm
Sternlight (Pupa) white 135° 3 nm 2 nm
Towing (Yedekleme) yellow 135° 3 nm 2 nm
All around various 360° 3 nm 2 nm
Flashing yellow/blue 360° 3 nm 2 nm

Range Light - refers to the second masthead light placed aft and higher
than the forward masthead light (>50 m)
Flashing Light - flashes at regular intervals at 120 hz. Found on
surfaced sub’s and non-displacement craft in the non-displacement
mode. (Düzenli aralıklarla dakikada 120 çakan fener)

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 Rule 21: Definitions
Rule 22: Visibility of Lights

port starboard

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 Rule 23: Power-Driven Vessels

Power Driven vessels underway:

 Vessel > 50 m
(iki silyon feneri)
 Vessel < 50 m
(tek silyon feneri)
 Vessel < 12 m
(her yönden görünür beyaz fener)
 Vessel < 7 m
(her yönden görünür beyaz fener)

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 Rule 25: Sailing Vessels
 <20 meters
 “Red over green, sailing machine”
 Dayshape = upside down cone

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 Rule 26: Fishing Vessels
“Red over white, fishing at “Green over white, trawling
night” (trol çekmek) at night”

U/W: side/stern lights

>50 M: masthead light
Dayshape = two cones with their
U/W: side/stern lights
apexes together in a vertical line.
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Rule 27: Vessels Not Under Command

If making way, side/stern lights

“Red over red,
Captain
Lecturer is dead”
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Rule 27: Vessels Restricted in their
Ability to Maneuver
Dayshape = ball-diamond-ball
“A” for diving operations
3 green lights (not vertical) for mine clearance

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Rule 28: Vessels Constrained by Draft

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 Rule 29: Pilot Vessel

“White over red, pilot ahead”

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 Rule 30: Vessels Anchored and Vessels
Aground
 Anchor = all around  Aground = all around
white light, deck lights white light, red over red
 Dayshape = 1 black ball  Dayshape = 3 black balls

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 THIS PRESENTATION IS PREPARED BY
BARIŞ KULEYİN

e-mail : baris.kuleyin@deu.edu.tr
Mobile Phone : 0 505 525 05 75
Phone : 0 232 412 88 06
You can use this presentation where ever you
want. Thank you for your attention.
Related Links:
 http://www.navcen.uscg.gov/mwv/navrules/navrules.htm
 http://www.turkishpilots.org/DOCUMENTS/colreg.html (İngilizce metin)
 http://www.turkishpilots.org/DOCUMENTS/colregtr.html (Türkçe metin)
 http://www.reach.net/~stormy/marine/colregs/

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 Rule 10: Traffic Separation Schemes

A vessel using a Traffic Separation scheme shall:

 Use small angle of

approach to enter/depart.
 Cross the scheme at right
angles.
 You can fish in the lanes
as long as you do not
impede passage of the
other vessels.

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