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    Properties of Matter Review

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    api-290100812
    This document defines key concepts about the properties of matter. It discusses atoms as the smallest unit of an element, and molecules as the smallest unit of a compound made of two or more elements. Mixtures are physically combined substances that can be separated, while compounds are chemically combined and can only be separated by chemical reactions. The document also describes physical and chemical properties, and chemical reactions, including the law of conservation of mass and how to balance chemical equations.

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    Properties of Matter Review

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    api-290100812
    119 views8 pages
    This document defines key concepts about the properties of matter. It discusses atoms as the smallest unit of an element, and molecules as the smallest unit of a compound made of two or more elements. Mixtures are physically combined substances that can be separated, while compounds are chemically combined and can only be separated by chemical reactions. The document also describes physical and chemical properties, and chemical reactions, including the law of conservation of mass and how to balance chemical equations.

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    This document defines key concepts about the properties of matter. It discusses atoms as the smallest unit of an element, and molecules as the smallest unit of a compound made of two or more elements. Mixtures are physically combined substances that can be separated, while compounds are chemically combined and can only be separated by chemical reactions. The document also describes physical and chemical properties, and chemical reactions, including the law of conservation of mass and how to balance chemical equations.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    119 views8 pages

    Properties of Matter Review

    Uploaded by

    api-290100812
    This document defines key concepts about the properties of matter. It discusses atoms as the smallest unit of an element, and molecules as the smallest unit of a compound made of two or more elements. Mixtures are physically combined substances that can be separated, while compounds are chemically combined and can only be separated by chemical reactions. The document also describes physical and chemical properties, and chemical reactions, including the law of conservation of mass and how to balance chemical equations.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 8

    Properties of Matter

    Review

    Atom: Smallest unit of an element.


    Pure substance
    Made up of one kind of material
    All particles = exactly the same.
    Same properties throughout.

    Element
    Simplest pure substance
    Cant be broken apart.
    Made of one type of atom.

    Molecule: Smallest unit of a compound.


    Compounds
    Made of two or more elements.
    Chemically combined.
    Can only be separated into elements by a chemical
    reaction
    In fixed ratios: NaCl = one Na to one Cl

    Compound Ratios
    Always combine in specific ratios.
    Combine in different ways to form different compounds.
    Elements properties are different than their compound
    properties.
    Elements arrangement in compounds determines their
    properties.

    Mixture
    Two or more substances
    Physically combined
    Can be physically separated.
    Individual substances keep their properties.

    How to separate by physical means

    Sifting
    o Pass through a screen
    o Separates large particles from small
    Filtering
    o Passing a liquid through a filter
    o Removes solid particles
    Evaporation
    o Heating a substance
    o Separates water from other substances

    Homogeneous Mixtures
    Uniform throughout
    Evenly mixed
    Particles are the same size
    Not visually distinguishable
    Ex: air, steel, salt water

    Heterogeneous Mixtures
    Not uniform throughout
    Not evenly mixed
    Particles different sizes
    Different substances easily seen
    Ex: salad, granite, chex mix

    Physical Properties: Can be observed without changing the


    properties of the substance.
    Ex: color, boiling point, melting point, density
    Physical change: change in form. Ex: size, shape, tearing, cutting

    Chemical Properties: Can only be observed by changing the


    chemical identity of a substance.
    Chemical change: occur in a chemical reaction. Ex: rusting, burning,
    cooking
    Reactions change atom arrangement
    Cannot be reversed
    Chemical changes may cause formation of a precipitate, change in
    color, change in temperature or energy (exothermic and endothermic)

    Chemical reactions: Recombination of atoms to form new


    molecules.
    Ex: 6 CO2 + 6 H2O C6H12O6 + 6 O2
    Reactants on the left, products on the right

    Law of Conservation of Mass: Atoms in the reactants are rearranged


    to form the products, so no new matter is created or destroyed.
    In a closed system only so no gasses are released to the atmosphere.
    Number of products = number of reactants

    Balanced Chemical Equation: Balanced equations must have


    the same number of each atom in both the reactants and the
    products.
    Count the number of atoms on both sides of the equation and
    compare them.
    If the numbers match the equation if balanced.

    Are the equations balanced?


    CH4 + O2 CO2 + 2 H2O
    H2O + CO2 H2CO3

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