Makalah Language and Society
Makalah Language and Society
Makalah Language and Society
DISUSUN OLEH
NAME
CLASS :
NIM
1. I KOMANG BAGUS
100250302074
2. KADIR
100250302020
3. MEXI DARWIN
100250302021
4. IRDA
100250302005
5. HARMAH
100250302014
PREFACE
Assalamualaikum. Wr. Wb.
All praise be to Allah SWT who has been giving us the mercy and blessing, so we
always in Allah guidance. Shalawat with salam we send to our big prophet Muhammad
SAW and his relatives, with says Allah humma salliala saiyidina Muhammad waala
saiyida Muhammad, so we can do our duties and responsibilities well.
After making a great effort, the writers finally completed this research paper with
title Language and Society . However, we realize that there are still many shortcomings
in this paper. Therefore w enthusiastically welcome the objective criticism and
constructive suggestion for the improvement of this paper.
Finally, the writers hope that this paper will be useful not only for the writers but also
for the readers.
Writers
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PREFACE
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
A. BACKGROUND
B. THEOLOGICAL PROBLEM
CHAPTER II EXPLANATION
A. WHAT IS LANGUAGE ?
B. WHAT IS CULTURE ?
C. HOW IS THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LANGUAGE AND
CULTURE ?
CHAPTER III CLOSING
A.
CONCLUSION
B.
REFERENCES
SUGGESTION
Almost similar to the opinion Wibowo, Walija (1996:4), disclose the definition
language of communication is the most complete and effective way to convey ideas,
messages, intentions, feelings and opinions to others.
Other opinions about the definition of language expressed by Shamsuddin (1986:2),
he gave two language understanding. First, language is a tool used to shape the mind and
feelings, desires and deeds, a tool used to influence and be influenced. Second, language
is a clear sign of a good personality or bad, a clear sign of the family and the nation, a
clear sign from the mind of humanity.
While Pengabean (1981:5), argues that language is a system of express and report
what happens on the nervous system.
Recent opinion of this short paper about the language expressed by Soejono
(1983:01), language is a means of spiritual communication is very important in life
together.
As with the Wikipedia, which is almost the same on the definition of language that
has been presented to the experts. And the following languages definition according to
Wikipedia.
1. a system to represent objects, actions, ideas and circumstances.
2. an apparatus which is used to convey their real concept into the minds of
others
3. a unified system of meaning
4. a code that is used by a linguistic expert to distinguish between form and
meaning.
5. deliver a speech grammar that have been established (eg, words, sentences,
and others.)
6. a speech system that will be understood by the linguistic community....
A society, or a human society, is a group of people related to each other through
persistent relations, or a large social grouping sharing the same geographical or virtual
territory, subject to the same political authority and dominant cultural expectations.
Gender
Social class
Peer group
Age
regional variation)
media, journalism, broadcasting)
Sexuality
religion, morality)
Notions of propriety
Political Correctness
Education
of
speaker/writer
and
audience
Intention or purpose
Stereotyping
Note that:
Most (or all) of these affect real individuals in complex (multiple) ways.
The process is reciprocal: language use is both cause and effect of things in
society.
We need examples from each of these categories (of which most can be further
subdivided).
We
also
need
theoretical
models
or
explanations
of
these
examples.Explanations must refer to evidence (language data) from texts; they must also
show reason.
The connection between language and society is tightly anchored. The relationship of
the two is deeply rooted. Language performs various functions in the society and the
society does the same way. If one will not exist, the other one will be affected.
Language is the primary tool for communication purposes, for establishing peace and
order in our society, for showing authority and power, and for attaining goals and
objectives. But, it can also destruct the society if it will use inappropriately. It must
follow the conformity governing the society to avoid conflict s and to meet the boundary
of individual differences.
Society however controls our language by giving us preferences as what are
acceptable and not, because each one of us has our own perception or point of view. A
group of people may accept our language, but for others, it could be kind of offence or
insult. We must know how, when and where to say it and for what purpose.
Social changes produce changes in language. This affects values in ways that have
not been accurately understood. Language incorporates social values. However, social
values are only the same as linguistic values when the society is a stable and unchanging
one. Once society starts changing, then language change produces special effects.
Some models to explain how language interacts with society:
Features of society affecting language use and response may be (more or less):
Variety used
Purposes
Meanings
(denotation
and
connotation)
Language change
Notion
of
propriety/social
forms
Semantics
Etymology
(special
(related
meanings)
semantics)
Pragmatics
to (influence
Phonology
on
choice of lang)
or register)
Morphology
(derivational)
Style
politics, (figures of
liturgy, trials)
advertising)
speech)