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Cornejo V Calupitan

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G.R. No.

L-2342

October 27, 1950

Cornejo v. Calupitan
Facts:
Calupitan (R) owned a parcel of land in Candelaria, Tayabas who authorized
Castaneda-Barrera Realty estate broker to sell it to Cornejo (P). R accepted
the offer by signing his name at the foot thereof under the phrase "accepted
by". The parties are agreed that the price of P650,000, including the earnest
money of P70,000 was payable in Japanese military notes. P did not have the
cash to pay the P70,000 earnest money and to complete the payment within
the 15-day period specified in his offer and delivered only P65,000 Japanese
war notes. The balance of P585,000 was to be made on January 25,1945. R,
however, instead of merely affixing his signature at the foot of the offer to
show his conformity wrote out another offer for the P65,000 earnest money
in military notes delivered to him by Castaeda & Barrera, specifying his own
terms as to the payment of the balance to be in Philippine currency. The
balance was never given to R and P argued he was looking for R. R retorted
that he didnt disclose his address since the Japanese forces were looking for
him due to his guerrilla activities. The RTC argued that P repudiated the
original agreement by proposing that the earnest money be reduced from
P70,000 to 65,000 and that the period for payment of the balance of the
purchase price be extended form the19th to the 25th of January, 1945. His
actions were affected by the depreciating value of Japanese notes which
were legal tender at the time.
Issue:
Whether there was a valid sale between P & R.
Ruling:
No. The court ruled that the original agreement had been abandoned and
rendered void by P himself, and that there was no meeting of the minds of
the parties for it was not accepted entirely by R. Consequently, the contract
of sale of the land in question was not perfected and so R may not now be
compelled to convey said land to P. His new proposition, a modification of the
old one, was subject to acceptance or rejection by R who may make a
counter proposition which he did, and unless accepted and complied with by
P, then the deal between the two parties was off. It can be seen from the
circumstances that R wanted to have the balance paid in genuine Philippine
currency. R wanted to reinvest the currency in urban property but the

approaching Battle of Manila would devalue such so investment of Japanese


notes would make it difficult for him hence the counter proposition.

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