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    Organic Short Notes: Functiona L Group Formula - Suffi X

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    SahanNivantha
    1. The document summarizes common organic functional groups including their names, formulas, and characteristic reactions. It discusses alkanes, alkenes, haloalkanes, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, esters, and acyl chlorides. 2. For each functional group, typical reactions are provided like combustion of alkanes, halogenation of alkenes, nucleophilic substitution of haloalkanes, oxidation of alcohols, reaction with CN- of carbonyl groups, esterification of carboxylic acids, and hydrolysis of acyl chlorides. 3. The document serves as a useful reference for common organic reactions

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    Organic Short Notes: Functiona L Group Formula - Suffi X

    Uploaded by

    SahanNivantha
    12 views2 pages
    1. The document summarizes common organic functional groups including their names, formulas, and characteristic reactions. It discusses alkanes, alkenes, haloalkanes, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, esters, and acyl chlorides. 2. For each functional group, typical reactions are provided like combustion of alkanes, halogenation of alkenes, nucleophilic substitution of haloalkanes, oxidation of alcohols, reaction with CN- of carbonyl groups, esterification of carboxylic acids, and hydrolysis of acyl chlorides. 3. The document serves as a useful reference for common organic reactions

    Original Description:

    edexcel

    Original Title

    Organic Short Notes

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    1. The document summarizes common organic functional groups including their names, formulas, and characteristic reactions. It discusses alkanes, alkenes, haloalkanes, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, esters, and acyl chlorides. 2. For each functional group, typical reactions are provided like combustion of alkanes, halogenation of alkenes, nucleophilic substitution of haloalkanes, oxidation of alcohols, reaction with CN- of carbonyl groups, esterification of carboxylic acids, and hydrolysis of acyl chlorides. 3. The document serves as a useful reference for common organic reactions

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    12 views2 pages

    Organic Short Notes: Functiona L Group Formula - Suffi X

    Uploaded by

    SahanNivantha
    1. The document summarizes common organic functional groups including their names, formulas, and characteristic reactions. It discusses alkanes, alkenes, haloalkanes, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, esters, and acyl chlorides. 2. For each functional group, typical reactions are provided like combustion of alkanes, halogenation of alkenes, nucleophilic substitution of haloalkanes, oxidation of alcohols, reaction with CN- of carbonyl groups, esterification of carboxylic acids, and hydrolysis of acyl chlorides. 3. The document serves as a useful reference for common organic reactions

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 2

    MECHANISMS

    FREE
    RADICAL
    SUBSTITUTIO

    ORGANIC SHORT
    NOTES

    NUCLEOPHILI
    C
    SUBSTITUTIO

    FUNCTIONA

    FORMULA

    L GROUP

    SUFFI
    X

    ALKANE
    ALKENE
    HALO ALKANE
    ALCOHOLS
    ALDEHYDES
    KETONES
    CARBOCYLIC

    C-C, RH
    C=C
    RX
    ROH
    RCHO
    ROR
    RCOOH

    -ane
    -ene
    -yl halide
    -ol
    -al
    -one
    -oic acid

    ACIDS
    ESTERS
    ACYL

    RCOOR
    RCOCl

    -yl -oate
    -oil

    CHLORIDES

    chloride

    SAHAN

    1. ALKANE
    A. CH4+O2---->CO2+H2O (combustion)
    uv
    B. CH4+Cl2-------->CH3Cl+HCl
    (free radical
    substitution)
    Ni/140

    2. ALKENE
    A. CH2=CH2+H2--------------->CH3-CH3 (alkane
    )
    Electrop
    B. CH2=CH2+Br2------------>CH2Br-CH2Brhilic
    addition
    (haloalkane)
    C. CH2=CH2+HBr----------->CH3-CH2Br
    ox
    (haloalkane)
    D. CH2=CH2+H2O----------->CH3CH2OH(alcohol).
    E. CH2=CH2+cold dil KMnO4---------->CH2OHCH20H (diol)
    F. CH2=CH2+hot conc KMnO4-------->2CO2
    3. HALO ALKENE
    A. CH3CH2Br +KOH(aq)------->CH3OH(alcohol)
    +KBr
    B. CH3CH2Br + alcoholic KOH--->CH2=CH2(alkene)
    C. CH3CH2Br +NH3----->CH3CH2NH2(amine)
    +HBr
    D. CH3CH2Br + CH3CH2NH2--->
    CH3NHCH2CH3+HBr
    (secondary amine)
    E. CH3CH2Br +KCN-----> CH3CH2CN + HBr
    F. CH3CH2X + AgNO3(aq)---->X=Cl- AgCl (white
    ppt)
    X=Br- AgBr (cream ppt)
    X=I- AgI (yellow ppt)
    4. ALCOHOLS
    A. CH3CH2OH+O2---->CO2+H2O
    B. CH3CH2OH+PCl5---->CH3CH2Cl+POCl3+HCl
    C. CH3CH2OH +Na----> CH3CH2ONa+H2
    D. CH3CH2OH+ H+/KMnO4---->CH3COOH+Mn2+
    E. CH3CH2OH +CONC. H2SO4--->CH2=CH2+H2O

    5. ALDEHYDES
    A. CH3CHO+2,4-DNPH---->ORANGE ppt
    B. CH3CHO+LiAlH4/Dry ether---->CH3CH2OH
    C. CH3CHO+KCN/HCN---->CH3CH(OH)(CN)
    D. CH3CHO +tollens----> silver mirror
    +fehlings---->red ppt
    + H+/KMnO4---->orange-->colorless
    + H+/K2Cr2O7---->orange-->green
    6. KETONES
    A. CH3COCH3+2,4-DNPH---->ORANGE ppt
    B. CH3COCH3+LiAlH4/Dry ether---->
    CH3CH(OH)CH3
    C. CH3COCH3+KCN/HCN----> CH3C(OH)(CN)CH3
    7. CARBOXYLIC ACIDS
    A. CH3COOH+CH3OH+conc. H2SO4<=====>
    CH3COOCH3
    B. CH3COOH+PCl5----> CH3COCl+POCl3+HCl
    C. CH3COOH+Na----> CH3COONa+H2
    D. CH3COOH+NaOH----> CH3COONa+H2O
    E. CH3COOH+Na2CO3----> CH3COONa+CO2
    8. ESTERS
    A. CH3COOCH3+HCl---->CH3CH2OH+CH3OH
    B. CH3COOCH3+NaOH----> CH3CH2ONa+CH3OH
    9. ACYL CHLORIDES
    A. CH3COCl+H2O------------------->CH3COOH(carb. acids)+HCl
    B. CH3COCl+CH3NH2 (amine)--->CH3CONHCH3(alkane)+HCl
    C. CH3COCl+CH3OH (alcohol)--->CH3COOCH3(ester)+HCl
    D. CH3COCl+Conc.NH3----------->CH3CONH2(amide)+HCl

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