Vocabulary and Spelling Book PH
Vocabulary and Spelling Book PH
Vocabulary and Spelling Book PH
Copyright 2000 by Prentice-Hall, Inc., Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458. All rights
reserved. Student practice pages may be duplicated for classroom use, the number not to
exceed the number of students in each class. Notice of copyright must appear on all
copies. No other part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by
any means, electronic or mechanicat including photocopying, recording, or by any infor
mation storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.
Printed in the United States of America.
ISBN: 0-13-437579-3
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
03 02 01 00 99
Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey
Glenview, Illinois
Needham, Massachusetts
Contents
Vocabulary Practice 10: Word Roots: -ang-, -flect-, -flex-, -trag-, -tract . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
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Contents
iii
To the Student
This book is divided into two parts, Vocabulary Development and Spelling Applications. Each
section provides practice pages to help you improve your vocabulary and spelling skills. The vo
cabulary practice focuses on eleventh grade vocabulary and the vocabulary you will be tested on
when you take the SATs. The spelling practice highlights spelling rules and words that are ex
ceptions to the rules, words often misused in writing, and words considered difficult to spell for
many people. The activities allow you to use a dictionary or thesaurus when necessary.
The vocabulary practice pages will increase your knowledge of prefixes, suffixes. and word
roots to help you understand new words in your reading. Studying synonyms, antonyms. con
notations. and denotations will help you determine the meanings of unfamiliar words when you
are reading. Learning the differences between words that sound like other words will help you
to use them correctly in writing and speaking and help you to recognize the differences when
you are reading.
In vocabulary practice. you will write definitions of words, write sentences using new vocabu
lary. form words by combining word parts. identify the correct choice of words in text, complete
sentences and passages with new vocabulary. and identify the connotations of words in con
text. You will also learn to identify and complete several types of analogies.
The spelling practice pages will improve your ability to spell with accuracy. an important skill
for writing. You will apply spelling rules to correct misspelled words. learn the differences be
tween words with similar spellings and meanings, and learn to spell those words that are com
monly misspelled by many people-words sometimes called "spelling demons."
Good spellers use the following gUidelines to improve their spelling skills.
1. Learn the pronunciation of a word.
2. Learn the word origin or root.
3. Learn the spelling rules and their exceptions.
4. Learn to spell words in small parts or syllables.
5. Picture a word by closing your eyes and spelling it.
6. Write the word often and use it in conversation.
7. Keep a list of difficult words. As you learn them, cross them off your list!
Remember that practice increases your vocabulary and your accuracy in spelling. Make your
goal to improve your vocabulary and spelling skills to be a better reader, writer, and speaker.
You will have a greater word knowledge and achieve higher test scores!
Name _________________________________________________
Date __________
A. Use the prefix. word origin, and sentence to write a definition for the boldface word. Check
your definitions in a dictionary.
1. expurgate is ex- and purgate (from purgare meaning "to purge. purify")
The office staff expurgated all the files when they moved to new headquarters.
2. exonerate is ex- and onerate (from onerare meaning "to load" or "to burden")
After many years, costly investigations, and trials, the accused was exonerated.
3. extricate is ex- and tricate (from tricae meaning "obstacles or trivialities")
The story protagonist was unable to extricate herself from her enemies' plots.
4. effervescent is eJ- and Jervescent (from Jervere meaning "to boil")
B. On another piece of paper, identify the origins and meanings of these prefixed words. Then,
write their definitions and use the words in sentences.
1. efface ______________________________________________________________________
2. elapse
3. expatriate _____________________________________________
4. elude
5. emit
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Name _________________________________________________
Date _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
A. Write the prefix dis- with the word to make the new word that matches the definition. Use a
dictionary to check your answers.
approbation
allow
cord
enchanted
engage
passionate
integrate
oblige
avow
closure
Definition
1.
2.
3.
4.
disapproval
5.
6.
to untangle or detach
7.
8.
9.
10.
B. Write five of the words you created in Exercise A to complete these sentences. Some words
require suffixes.
1. Carl ____________________ the puppy's tether from the fence post so that he could run.
2. The association decided to _______________________ one proposal after a debate.
3. Visitors were
4. When the teacher asked the child who was responsible, he ______________________
the situation.
5. A leader is demonstrative about issues, not _____________ and unconcerned.
C. On another piece of paper, make a chart with the headings as shown below. Use the dic
tionary to get information about these words: dichotomy, digress, dialect, diagnosis, diathermy,
disparate, disconsolate, dispensation, discursive, disparagement.
Definition
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Name ________________~-----------------------------
Date _____________
A. Use the prefix. word origin. and sentence to write a definition for the boldface word. Check
The new lab results were an aberration of the standard results recorded for the test.
2. abstinence is ab- and tinence (from tenare meaning "to hold.")
Jim's new health plan included complete abstinence from junk food and candy.
3. abstruse is ab- and truse (from trudere meaning "to thrust or push.")
The freshmen found the professor's new and confusing ideas quite abstruse.
4. obviate is ob- and viate (from viam meaning "way.")
Carl thought that backup files would obviate the need for printing hard copies.
B. Identify the origins and meanings of these prefixed words. Then. use the words in sentences.
1. abeyance
2. abhorrence
3.obdurate ____________________________________________________________
4. abstract
5. obsess ___________________________________________________________________
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Name __________________________________________
Date ____________
Prefixes: co-, con-, com-, col-, corA prefix is a word part that is added to the beginning of a word that changes the meaning of
the word.
Example: The Latin prefix co- means IIwith or IItogether." Adding co- to the word operate,
meaning lito work/' makes cooperate, which means lito work with" or "to work together.
1I
The prefixes con-, com-, col-, and cor- also mean IIwith" or IItogether.
ll
II
A. Add a word to each prefix to make the new word that matches the definition.
trite
mensurable
respond
efficient
glomerate
lateral
league
relate
passionate
ordinate
l. eo and
2. eoland
3. eorand
4. eorand
5. eon and
6. eomand
7. eoland
B. eonand
9. eo and
10. eomand
B. Add eo-, con-, com-, col-, or eor- to these words and write the new words. Then. write the
words in the sentences.
mission ___________ fluent _____________ strict ____________
incidence __________ lapse______________
1. Two ______________ rivers created a huge delta at the mouth.
2. The gymnast was near _____________ from exhaustion.
3. Jen didn't think it was a _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ that Julie wore an identical dress to the prom.
4. Last year's shoes were so small that Marco feared they would
5. Tatiana hoped that the ad agency would
his feet.
her to develop new art ideas.
C. Using a dictionary, make a list of other words with the prefixes co-, con-. com-, col-, or cor-.
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Name ______________________________________________
Date __________
A. Underline the words in the sentences with the suffixes -ity, -ty, or -yo Then, write the letter of
b. government pardon
c. moral corruption
h. daring; boldness
d. inadequate
5. Jose thought the batter had audacity to argue over a called strike.
6. The column on affordable day care was precise and pithy according to readers.
\..,
7. Patty felt confident that her selection for the lead in Our Town was a surety.
8. The guide scolded Jim for his temerity in hiking without proper eqUipment.
9. Dena thought the cafeteria lunch portions were measured and scanty.
10. The new senior class president walked with a vain and haughty air.
B. Write five more words with the suffixes -ity, -ty. and -yand define them on the lines below.
Check your answers in a dictionary.
-ity
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-ty
-y
Name _______________________________________________
Date _ _ _ _ _ _ __
A. Write the words with the suffixes listed to form new words. Some words change spellings
-aney
-enee
-eney
comply
vigil
sustain
acquaint
concord
tolerate
tenant
occupy
buoyant
vacant
hesitate
discrepant
indolent
eloquent
defer
creed
prude
permanent
expedient
consistent
resilient
complacent
insolvent
reside
New Words
Definition
1.
2.
3.
c. lack of agreement
4.
5.
6.
7.
g. careful management
8. ____________________________ h. harmony
9.
1. bankruptcy
10. ____________~_________________ j. dislike of work; idleness
c. On another piece of paper, write the definitions of the words you did not use in Exercise B.
6
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Name _______________________________________________
Date _________
A. Underline the words with the suffixes -ary, -ery, or -ry. Then select the definition for each
underlined word and write the letter of the definition before the sentence.
a. boldness, shamelessness
b. inn. hotel
g. a famous intellectual
c. merrymaking
j. unusual, exceptional
\.,.
-ary
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-ery
-ry
Name_~
____________________________________
Date __________
II
fI
II
If
II
A. Underline the suffixes -ie, -etie, -ical, or -al in the boldface words. Then, write a word from
1. The author, who produced two books a year, was a ___________ writer.
symposium.
3. When the teacher turned the lights off, the class found the film very ______________
4. The internal rhyme of the poem made it ____________ when read aloud.
5. Bare walls and plain furniture made Trina's dorm room look _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
6. The _____ .~_______ article was readable only to those who understood baseball
statistics.
7. A well-known columnist wrote a ______________ critique of the pop star's new
album.
8. With its theme of boy meets girl, the book was ____________ and had no depth.
9. Hal wrote a very ___________ essay, using no literary techniques or poetic
styles.
lO. Joy's ____ ________ English professor spent more time on rules than on literature.
B. Write the word that is combined with the suffix to make the new word. Then, write the defin
ition of the new word. Check your definitions in a dictionary.
academia
frenzy
botany
crypt
remedy
~______________
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Name ______________________________________________
Date _________
A. Underline the root in each boldface word. Explain the meaning of the word as it is used in
the phrase. Then, write a sentence using the phrase given or one of your own.
Example: efficiency expert -fic- A person who is knowledgeable about ways to produce
something without waste of time, effort, money, and so forth.
9. fictitious account
10. diverse faculty ___________________________________________
B. On another piece of paper, write sentences for these words: artifice,jaci/e, efficient,fictional,
refectory.
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Name ______________________________________________
Date ____________
A. Choose and write the word that completes each sentence. Underline the roots in the
answer choices.
1. A good driver is aware of other drivers' responses and has good ______________
fragility
reflexes
angles
2. Dr. Newman has a(n) ___________ schedule which allows him to see patients
in an emergency.
flexible
angular
fragile
3. The player ___________ the ball with his hand, which saved him from injury-.
inflection
refracted
4. It was a(n)
fragment
deflected
of the law to make a U-turn. which the driver soon learned.
infraction
reflection
5. The architect drew a(n) ______________ window for the small corner space in the room.
reflex
flexible
angular
inflexible
flexion
reflexive
7. A kitten, found in the basement, was frightened, hungry-, and in a __________ condition.
fragmented
refracted
fragile
fragility
inflection
Infraction
9. Dr. Geuss examined and measured the ________________ in his patient's leg.
flexion
refraction
reflection
10. Many employees have _____________ to accommodate their needs for family time.
flexors
angularity
flextime
B. On another piece of paper, explain each answer in Exercise A in a statement like this:
The word _ _ _ is the answer because the root _ _ _ means "_ _ _" and the word
_ _ _ means "_ __
Then, choose five other words with the roots -any-, :fleet-, :flex-, -frag-, and -fracto, and write
sentences using the words.
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Name ____________________________________________
Date ______________
to the prefixed words you wrote and write those words in the second box. Write as many words
as you think there are with the root :Ject-. Write on another piece of paper, if necessary. Then,
check all your words in a dictionary.
Words with Prefixes
Prefix Added
Prefix
pro- "forward"
sub- "under"
to -ject
1. ________
and Suf.fixes
Suffixes
1. _ _ _ _ _ __
-ire "suitable for"
2. _ _ _ _ _ __
4",. _ _ _ _ _ __
5. _________
in- "into"
inter-"between, among"
6. _________
de- "off, away from, down"
e- "from, out"
S. _______
9. ___________
4. _______
5. ________
6. _ _ _ _ ___
7. _ _ _ _ _ __
8. _ _ _ _ _ ___
9. _ _ _ _ __
10. _______
10. _________
B. Write the words from Exercise A in the sentences. You will use words from both columns.
1. The actor needed to learn how to __________ his voice to the back of the theater.
2. Diana decided to
3. The predictions for the winner of the World Cup were all
based on speculation.
, or
to his questioning.
personal.
him from
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Name ________________----_____________________
Date _____________
A. Write the word that completes each sentence. Underline the root in each answer choice.
1. Colby's teacher handed back his incomplete paper, noting that it was _________'
unacceptable
receptive
recaptured
2. Dana threw her candy wrapper into the nearest trash _________________
receptacle
reception
conception
recapitulate
conceptualize
except
capitalize
capsize
an audience so completely.
captivate
precipitated
reciprocated
recaptured
7. Ben was known to be ___________: he often saw through appearances to the truth.
recipient
percipient
reciprocal
receptive
10. Rona thought she could _____________ her half-hour speech into ten minutes.
recapitulate
reciprocate
capacity
L perceptive _ . ____________________
2. reciprocity
3. capitulate _______________~. _______________
4. captivate
5. percipient _ . ___________
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Date ________________
A. Use the prefix and suffix meanings and the root meaning to write the definitions of these
1. obtrusive
2. intrusion
3. protrusIon ______________________________________________________
4. intrusive ___________________________________________________
5.obtruded __________________________________________________________
6. intrude ________________________________________________________
7. abstruse _______________________________________________________
8. protruded ____________________________________________________
9. abstruseness ______________________________________________________
10. protrusile _____________________________________________________________
B. Use the words in Exercise A to complete the sentences.
1. The air conditioner
2. Betsy resisted the urge to read her sister's diary; it would be too _________________
3. The historian's ________________ speech was replete with specialized vocabulary.
4. Tony interrupted his parents' conversation, saying, ''I'm sorry for the _____________
5. Dee's
aunt arrived uninvited and stayed for days before the wedding.
6. An elephant's trunk is a
C. On another piece of paper, write the meanings of these words and use them in sentences:
intruder, intrusiveness, protrusive. obtruding. abstrusely.
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Name ___________________________________________
Date ______________
Prefixes
Roots
:fac-, :fact-, -ject-, :fi.c
"do or make"
:flect-, :flex-, -ang- "bend"
-jrag-, -jract- "break"
ject- "throw"
-cap-, -capt-. -cept-, -cip
"take, seize, hold"
-trud-, -trus- "thrust, push"
Suffixes
-ity. -ty. -y "state or quality of"
1. extrusion
2. complacency ____________________________________________
3. abstinence ____~_________.____________ .______________________
4. objectivity ________________________________________
5. dejection _________________________________._ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
6. exceptional
7. effluence
8. fra@lity ___________________________________________________
9. deception
10. conjecture
B. Add other prefixes. word roots, and suffixes to the chart. On a separate page. create words
by combining the word parts in your chart. Then. write the definitions of the words.
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Name ____________________________________________
Date ________________
A. Match each word in boldface with a synonym by writing the letter of the synonym after the
word. Then, write another synonym for each word. Check your words in a dictionary or thesaurus.
Words
Synonyms
Synonyms
1. gambol
a. confuse
2. abeyance
b. eagerness
3. fetid
c. involve
4. largess
d. stubborn
5. wan
e. reserve
6. corpulence
f. discontinuance
7. verdant
g.putrid
8. mettle
h. clarity
9. malapropism
1. colorless
10. alacrity
j. obesity
11. impUcate
k. frolic
12. diffidence
1. misusage
13. obfuscate
m. ardor
14. obstinate
n. green
15. lucidity
o. generosity
4. The Farleys were known among charity circles for their ___________________
5. Toby's face was
or two.
and optimism.
C. On separate paper, write a sentence for each of the five words not used in Exercise B.
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15
Name ___________________________________________
Date ________________
A. Underline the word in each sentence that is a synonym for the boldface word. Then write a
sentence using the boldface word.
1. The principal admonished several students for their offensive behavior.
reprimanded
2. Charlie was disaffected by his family's announcement regarding their relocation.
malcontent
3. Despite her doctor's warnings, Trish was overindulgent on her vacation.
unconstrained
4. Alan's diffidence resulted from being an only child, raised by protective parents.
insecurity ___________________._____._____________________
5. The typewriter was a precursor to the teletypewriter. which sent messages by telephone
and telegraph.
forerunner
6. Mrs. Hanley was effUSive about her precocious child. who was also disrespectful.
exceptional
7. The coach tried to ameliorate the relationship between students and faculty.
rectify _ _ _ __
8. Dylan liked to pepper his conversation with platitudes to irritate his friends.
cliches
9. Joanne has a proclivity to being a spendthrift, which she may regret.
tendency
10. The clerk's arrogance compared favorably to the customer's audacity.
brazenness ___________________________________
B. Write a brief definition for each word.
1. reprimanded
2. rectify _____________
3. brazenness ______________~_______
4. malcontent
5. unconstrained
6. insecurity
7. forerunner
8. exceptional
9. cliches
10. tendency
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Name _________________________________________
Date __________
A. Underline the word in each sentence that is a synonym for the boldface word. Then, write
another synonym for the boldface word.
1. Kelly was vigilant about the safety of her younger sister especially when visiting the city.
gwuded _________________
2. Normally decisive and positive, Don was ambivalent about the job offer.
determined __________
3. The coach was vehement about the rules for practice and diet during the football season.
earnest _____________
4. Mabel's absence from the meeting was an aberration that everyone noticed since she was
always present. exception _______________
5. No one could figure out the professor's academic lecture; it certainly was obtuse.
dull _____________
withdraw _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
erlle ___________
8. It was three decades since the classmates had seen each other, so memories of their friend
ship eluded them. escaped ____________
9. Students became complacent after the departure of their enthusiastic teacher.
indifferent ___________
10. Dr. Zane liked to dazzle his students with rhetorical questions and their expressions
amused him. elaborate __________
11. Classmates did not antiCipate Todd's droll reading of his prosaic writings.
Dlundane ____________
12. The puppy collected a conglomeration of insignificant items under the sofa.
assortDlent _________________
13. There was no justification for the tardiness of the guests to the reception.
explanation _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
14. Joshua was an erudite. ambitious young man, destined to reach his highest goals.
educated _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
15. The contract delineated specific requirements for deadlines and payments.
outllned ___________
B. On another piece of paper, write a sentence using each boldface word in Exercise A.
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Name __________________________________________
Date _ _ _ _ _ _ __
A. Underline the word in each sentence that is an antonym for the boldface word. Then, write a
specific.
10. People wearing seatbelts are unscathed; those who are unprotected are injured.
B. Write an antonym for each boldface word. Then, write a sentence using each phrase.
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Name ______________________________________________
Date ________________
A. Match each boldface word with an antonym. Write the letter of the antonym before the word.
\.
1. plaintive
a. compliant
2. effrontery
b. structured
3. discursive
c. terse
4. resilient
d. lengthiness
5. lassitude
e. focused
6. zenith
f. ineffective
7. veracity
g. one-sided
8. multifarious
h. bottom
9. amorphous
1. courtesy
10. loquacious
j. energy
11. malign
k. brittle
12. recalcitrant
1. insincerity
13. aggrandize
m.jubilant
14. efficacious
n. condense
15. brevity
o. praise
5. Jill liked dancewear made from fabric that was lightweight and __________________
6. The design for the new town park seemed __________________ and ill-planned.
7. Carla developed an
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19
Name ____
___________
_______
Date _ _ _ _ _ _ __
egoistic
commend
terse
praise
befriended
spotless
deflect
pliable
donate
succinct
pale
nasty
stingy
plain
separate
obedient
unspoiled
mischievous
hospitable
disentangle
1. desolate
2. garner
3. voluble
4. marred
5. altruistic
6. enmesh
7. florid
8. lampoon
9. recalcitrant
---- --_._- - -
lO. cherubic
B. Substitute an antonym for the boldface word in each phrase. Then, use the new phrase in a
sentence. Use a dictionary or thesaurus, if necessary
1. adroit craftsman
2. deprecatory stares
3. elegiac speech _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
4. lithe dancer
5. poignant moment _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
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Name
-----------------------------------------------
Date _ _ _ _ _ _ __
A. Write a synonym and an antonym for the boldfaced word in each sentence.
I. Katya was thoughtless when she said her little sister's dress was babyish.
synonym: _____________________
antonym: ___________________
2. Saul could hear the sound of jocularity coming from the party in the gym.
synonym:
antonym: _________________
synonym: ____________________
antonym: __________________
4. Neighbors condemned the school committee for failing to repair North High.
antonym: ___________________
synonym: ___________________
5. The movie was more than three hours long. but yet. it was very engrossing.
synonym:
antonym: __________________
6. Cindy thought that PhotoCorp and Pix Co. should merge into one company.
antonym: ______________
synonym: __________________
7. Sandy was in the forefront of his school's volunteer team for the food drive.
synonym: ________________
antonym: ____________
antonym: _______________
synonym: ________________
9. With extreme caution, Jim moved slowly as he learned to rollerblade.
antonym: ________________
synonym: __________________
10. Donna was extremely frugal when it came to spending money on clothes.
antonym: _________________
synonym: _____________________
B. Write two synonyms and two antonyms for the boldface words. Use a thesaurus to check
your answers.
antonyms: ________________
synonyms:
1. compliant
2. alacrity
synonyms:
antonyms: _______________
3. veracity
synonyms:
antonyms: _______________
4. assurance
synonyms:
antonyms: __________________
5. aggrandize
synonyms:
antonyms: _______________
6. nebulous
synonyms:
antonyms: _____________
7. callow
synonyms:
antonyms: ___________
8. denounce
synonyms:
antonyms: ____________
9. officious
synonyms:
antonyms: _____________
10. redundant
synonyms:
antonyms: __________________
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Name _______________________________________________
Date __________
A Determine the relationship between the first pair of words. Then write the word that com
pletes the second pair of words in the analogy.
1.
NEWS:DESCRIPTION::COMMERClAL:__________________
a. influence
2.
b. dissipation
c. retention
b. lenience
c. discord
b. beguilement
c. spontaneity
b. performance
c. perfection
DISUSE:ATROPHY::DROUGIIT:________________
a. polyphony
10.
c. change
LANGUAGE:COMMUNICATION::PRACTICE:_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
a. mistakes
9.
b. discharge
EATING:SATIATION::FORGERY:_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
a. sympathy
8.
c. raise
FLOOD:DESTRUCTION::CURMUDGEON:_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
a. confusion
7.
b. equalize
COMPROMISE:SOLUTION: :ANCHOR: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
a. stability
6.
c. command
LIGAMENT:CONNECT::ADDENDUM:_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
a. supplement
5.
b. order
a. complete
4.
c. capitalism
PAUCI1Y:HUNGER::DISCIPLINE:_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
a. sharpen
3.
b. information
b. thirst
c. growth
DINGHY:TRANSPORT: :TIRADE: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
a. denounce
b. venerate
c. exclaim
TRAVESTY:RIDICULE::RADIATOR:____._ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
2.
PERFIDY:MISTRUST::VIRUS: _ _ _~ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
3.
UNCERTAIN1Y:HESITATION::DISINTEREST:_ _ _ _ _ _ _~ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
4.
EXPLANATION:AMELIORATE::INSULATION:_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
5.
FOOD:NOURISHMENT::HELMET:_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
C. On another piece of paper, rewrite the first pair of words in each analogy in Exercise B.
22
Prentice-Hall. Inc.
Name ____________________________
Date ___________
A. Think: about the relationship between each pair of words. On the line below each analogy.
write a sentence that explains the relationship between the words in the first pair. Then, write
a word to complete the second pair of words in the analogy.
L COMPETITION:WINNER::BUSINESS:_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
2.
TRUOGE:WALK::BACKSTROKE: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
3.
ZIPPER:FASTENER::HELIUM: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
4.
RING:MARRlAGE::CROWN:,_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
5.
PROFESSOR:UNIVERSI1Y::ARTIST:_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
6.
EIATlON:HAPPlNESS::GLOOM:_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
7.
HOT AIR:BALLOON::ENGINE:, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
8.
SORROW:TEARS::HAPPINESS:_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
9.
EXPERr:NOVICE::SENIOR:_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
10.
TURN:OOORKNOB::PULL:_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
B. Determine the relationship in the first pair of words. Wrtte a word that completes the second
pair of words in each analogy.
1. RECUNER:CHAIR::MAPLE:_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
2.
MALOOOROUS:FRAGRANT::COMPRESSEO: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
3.
PIAYERS:OUGOUT::FAMILY:_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
4.
STAMINA:MARATHONER::PATIENCE:_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
5.
STAR:CONSTELLATION::TRIBUTARY:_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
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23
Name ___~_____________________
Date _ _ _ _ _ _ __
(function)
(cause-effect)
DISSENSION:ACCORD::ELEGIAC:JOYOUS (synonym/antonym)
KEY:KEYBOARD::WING:AIRCRAFT (part to whole)
TRANSMITIER:COMMUNICATE::MICROSCOPE:MAGNIFY
FUMES: INTOXICATION: :OVEREXPOSURE:SUNBURN
A. Circle the letter before the pair or words that completes each analogy.
1.
DUPLlCI1Y: MISTRUST: : _ _ __
9.
a. scissors:rent
b. enthrall:mesmerize
c. employment:remuneration
2.
ENGENDER:CAUSE:: _ _ __
10.
a. compass:navigate
b. hiatus:interruption
c. nightmare:awakening
3.
INDULGENCE:CORPULENCE: : _ _ __
MALLET:PULVERlZE::_ _ __
11.
DESPOIL:LOOT:: _ _ __
12.
CUTLERY:MINCE::_ _ __
13.
STRlDENT:SOOTHlNG::_ _ __
a. taciturn:boisterous
b. electricity:lightning
c. svelte:slim
8.
a. hyperbole:understatement
b. copious:profuse
c. liquid:hydrate
14.
a. diminish:reduce
b. bacteria:infection
c. jail:sequester
7.
PHYSICIAN:HEAL::_ _ __
a. bungle:succeed
b. capitalist:finance
c. hospital:patient
a. cylinder:engine
b. terse:discursive
c. lampoon:satirize
6.
MEDICATION: ILLNESS: : _ _ __
a. bliss:despondency
b. fission:fusion
c. accident:injury
a. catapult:jettison
b. socket:chandelier
c. zenith:mountain
5.
VIRULENT:TOXIC: : _ _ __
a. appropriate:timely
b. wan:colorful
c. stomach:digest
a. hardy:robust
b. negotiation:concordance
c. constrict:release
4.
NUTRITlON:HEALTH:: _ _ __
a. narrative:exposition
b. resonant:ringing
c. aging:wrinkles
DETECTIVE: INVESTIGATE: : _ _ __
a. coddle:spoil
b. clue:mystery
c. handcuffs:shackle
15.
CONDENSATION:PRECIPITATJON: : _ _ __
a. copyrtght:protecUon
b. arrest:confinement
c. hurricane:typhoon
ELECTROCARDIOGRAM: MEASUREMENT: : _ _ __
a. surly:rude
b. calculator:compute
c. sprocket:wheel
B. On a separate page, write one example for each type of analogy.
24
Prentice-Hall. Inc.
Name
Date
was in French.
b. Greg and Harry's expensive, new basketball sneakers were ~_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
2. Words that connote "an end" are termination, culmination, and expiration.
a. Tucker wondered about the _ _~_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ date of his freelance contract.
b. The high school dance was the
3. Words that connote "something new" are fresh, modem, and innovative.
a. Weary of the year's boring designs, the company was seeking a _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ look.
____________ idea.
b. Trent's unheard-of campaign idea was a truly
4. Words that connote "degrees of time" are often, continual, and common.
a. Connie thought she got stuck with dishwashing chores all too ___________
~
c. _____________________ ____
occurrence in Kansas.
_________________
5. Words that connote "types of power" are potency, force, and energy.
a. Wilton Veras hit his first homerun over the wall with great ________________
b. Marianne told her cousin that her brand of vitamins had greater ________
6. Words that connote "types of travel" are tour, trek, and migration.
a. Thousands of geese headed south from Canada on their annual __________
b. Brenda and her boyfriend wanted to take a _______________ of the state capitol.
7. Words that connote "degrees of rainfall" are downpour, sprinkle, and shower.
a. With the prediction of a serious
the candidates.
B. On another piece of paper, write a sentence using the remaining words in Exercise A.
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Name _____________________________________________
Date _________
Example: Inquire and snoop have the same denotative meaning, "to be curious." Inquire has
a positive or neutral connotation, meaning "to ask." Snoop has a negative connotation,
A. This list of words are connotations for sullen. Choose and write three words that could com
plete each sentence and convey the appropriate connotation for the text. You may use some
words more than once.
bad-tempered, churlish, crabby. cross, cynical, dismal, dour, fretful, frowning. gloomy.
glowering. glum. gruff, grumpy, hostlle. irritable, mean. moody. obstinate, pouting.
1. Kitty was usually a very cheerful person, but on Monday morning when she could not find
scene in the store by raising her voice and waving her arms in the customer's face.
3. After school, Chris received the disappointing news about his loan application and this
________ demeanor.
B. Choose one of the sentences in Exercise A as a topic sentence, and write a paragraph that
uses at least three of the boldface words listed in Exercise A. Underline the words you use.
Prentice-Hall, Inc.
Name __________________________________.____________
Date ____~__________
A. Write the two words that are connotations for each boldface word. Then, identify all the
words as positive, neutral, or negative connotations. Last, write a sentence using one word in
each set. Check your words in a dictionary or thesaurus.
reluctance
mercy
unplanned
obstinate
Word
terse
insincerity
compact
deception
Connotation
ornate
sharpen
innocent
aversion
unruly
argumentative
tawdry
compassion
Word/Connotation
spontaneous
hone
hostile
unsophisticated
Word/Connotation
1. whet
2. callow
3. extemporaneous
4. polemical
5. intractable
6. garish
7. duplicity
8. laconic
9. clemency
10. diffidence
B. On another piece of paper, rewrite each sentence you wrote in Exercise A using a word with
a different connotation. Underline the connotation for the boldface word.
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27
Date _ _ _ _ _ _ __
Name
1. The final _ _~
edition. addition
2. On the ~_~.______ from the mountain, the climbers became dizzy and were rescued.
decent. descent
3. Susie wanted to _ _.~~. _ _ _ _ __
opinion in a tense
_ _ _ _ ten items
anxious. eager
9. Mr. Bolger was the _ _ _ _ _~._ _ __
councll. counsel
10. The senator said the charter was
canvases,canvassed
12. Mother will
anticipate, expect
13. New owners of the store will take over when the current owners _ _ _ _ _ _ _ control.
cease, seize
14. With insufficient information, the speaker _ _~_______.____ before his audi
ence. floundered, foundered
15. Our money will go ____________ if we plan wisely before we begin spending it.
farther. further
B. On another piece of paper, write a sentence using each word you did not use in the sentences
in Exercise A.
28
Prentice-Hall, Inc.
Name _________~______________~
Date
sure
imply
certainly
adopt
adapt
precede
all ready
infer
dessert
waver
deductive
waiver
desert
avenge
bass
inductive
base
already
revenge
proceed
her waistline.
2. Brian planned to
3. HiCo. hadn't installed Tai's phone properly, so it granted him a fee _____________
4. In his opening statement, the prosecutor asserted that the motive was _ _ _ _ _ _ __
5. Before her party. RoIY adjusted the treble and
6. When his wife asked him to prepare the meal, Marc said, "___________. Dear."
7. Tenley inquired if her children would be
9. The terrain was more rugged than she'd expected, but Dena could
10. Dr. Perry used
to it.
B. Write a definition for each word you used in the sentences in Exercise A. Check your defini
tions in a dictionary.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
C. On another piece of paper, write a sentence using each word you did not use in Exercise A.
Prentice-Hall, Inc.
29
Name~
_______________________ ___________________
~
Date _______________
A. Write the word or phrase that completes each sentence. Then, write a sentence using the
other word in each pair.
1. The critic implied that the acting in the new play was ___________ too unrehearsed.
all together. altogether
2. The malodorous condition of Roy's wet poodle was bound to ______________ people.
repulse. repel
3. Nell was quite _________ at sports, perhaps because her dad coached gymnastics.
adapt. adept
4. Ted studied diligently, but the trigonometry answers managed to . _____________ him.
allude. elude
5. The district attorney boasted he had enough evidence to ______________ the suspect.
persecute. prosecute
6. Try as she might, Mrs. Dahl couldn't ______
impel. propel
7. The heckler added a note of
descent. dissent
8. When Sara revealed the surprising results of her study, her peers were __________
incredible. incredulous
9. Kit's community rent-control petition was met with indifference and __________
apathy, empathy
10. Lexi aided the whelping of her beagle's four pups-all born alive and ___________
healthful. healthy
B. On another piece of paper, write a definition for the boldface words in Exercise A.
30
Prentice-Hall, Inc.
Name _____________________________________________
Date ________________
_________
3. ad nauseam
4. caveatempwr ___________________________________________________
5. defacw ________________________________________________________
6. exoJncw __________________________________________________________
7. habeas corpus
8.
____________________________________________________________
~sofacw
9. nonseqwtur ___________________________________________________________
10. profonna ____________________________________________________________
11.
12.
carped~m
perd~m
____________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
smed~
______________________________________________________________
Prentice-Hall, Inc.
Name ______________________________________________
Date _____________
Many of the musical tenns we use today have their origins in Latin and have been borrowed
from contemporary Italian.
A. Using a dictionary, write the definition of each musical tenn. Then, write each tenn in the
2. allegro
3. andante
4. aria
5. basso
6. coloratura
7. concerto
8. crescendo
9.
do~e
__________________________________________________________________
Type of
Composition
I
i
Type of Voice
Style or Volume of
Music
Relative Speed of
Music
I
B. On another piece of paper, write a sentence for each musical term in Exercise A.
Prentice-Hall, Inc.
Name _______________________________________________
Date _____________
When a pre8x: is added to a word, the spelling of the word remains the same. In some words.
adding a prefix to a word results in a doubled consonant.
Examples: The prefix in- added to sensitive makes insensitive. The prefix mis- added to spell
makes misspell. Adding il- to legal makes illegal.
A. Combine the prefixes and words and write the new words. Then, write another word with the
same prefix.
1. pro- and democracy makes
2. a- and typical makes _______________________
3. dis- and passionate makes
4. pre- and meditated makes _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
B. Write these misspelled words correctly. Check your answers in a dictionary. Then, write a
brief definition for each word.
L imutable
2. ilimitable
3. inumerable
4. disatisfactory
5. imodest
6. disimilar
7. imortalize
8. ireverent
9. unoticeable
10. disoluble
11. efervescent
12. unerved
13. iresponsible
\...
14. disipated
15. iliterate
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33
Name ________________________________
Date _ _ _ _ _ _ __
Spelling Rules
1. When adding a suffix that begins with a vowel to a word that ends in e, drop the final e.
Example: The suffix -ing added to efface makes effacing.
2. When adding a suffix that begins with a consonant to a word that ends in e, keep the final e.
Example: The suffix -ment added to announce makes announcement
A. Combine the words and suffixes and write the new words.
1. disparage and -ing
B. Underline the misspelled word in each sentence. Write the word correctly at the end of the
sentence. Check your spelling in a dictionary.
1. Julia was in a state of bereavrnent after the death of her best friend. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
2. When Jen discovered she had spread hannful rumors, she acted contritly. _ _ _ _ __
3. Robin began hedgeing when her parents asked why she had not called home. _ _ _ __
4. Brad's refuseal to work overtime was not acceptable to his supervisor. __________
5. The aerobics class was rejuvenateing for everyone who had sat through hours of classes.
6. The professor was venerateed by his students because he was a mentor to them.
7. The reporter's delineateion of the story facts was corroborated by the eyewitnesses.
8. As he sat holding his brother's broken bat, Earle hoped for forgivness. _ _ _ _ _ _ __
9. Leah's father worried about his daughter's espouseal of radical ideas. _ _ _ _ _ _ __
10. Della's personality tended toward rudness when she was feeling hurried. _ _ _ _ _ __
C. Write two words that are examples of the spelling rules for adding suffixes to words ending
in final e.
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Spelling Rules
1. Change y to i in words ending with a consonant plus y before adding suffixes -ness, -er,
-ed, -ly, and -ous.
Example: Adding -ness to hazy makes haziness.
9. necessaryly
2. pitying
10. worrysome
3. surlyest
11. angrily
4. merryment
12. haughtyer
5. prettyly
13. pithyness
6. chillyness
14. gayly
7. sorryest
15. bountyful
8. tidyer
E. Combine the words and suffixes and write the new words. Then. write another word with the
same suffix.
I. mighty and -er _ _ _ ~_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _._ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
e~yand-ment
______________________________
Name _____________________________________________
Date _________
When a suffix beginning with e is added to a word ending in ee, one e is dropped. No spelling
changes occur when other suffixes are added.
Example: The suffix -ed added to agree makes agreed. The suffix -ment added to agree
makes agreement.
A. Combine the words and the suffixes and write the new words.
1. foreseeand-mg ___________________
B. Underline the misspelled word in each sentence. Write the word correctly at the end of the
sentence.
1. The disagreing friends were aided by a supporting friend who interceded.
2. decided to sift the dry ingredients while her mother was pureing the fruit.
3. used washing machine was guaranted to work by the previous owner.
4. refered the basketball games for the high school team for two years.
5. Mrs. Chapman was ecstatic about the artist who had filigreeed the archway.
6. The school committee said that no funds are available in the foreseable future.
7. May and Li shared divergent views and yet were usually in agrement.
8. The children were gleful when they heard the no school announcement.
9. The nomines for the Citizens' Award were Ben and his sister for saving a life.
10. The political club felt fortunate to have two notables for debate emces.
C. Using the dictionary, list as many words as you can find ending in ee. Then add suffixes to
the words.
36
Prentice-Hall, Inc.
"""i
Spelling Rules
1. Keep the final e in words ending in ie before adding suffixes. except when adding -ing and
suffixes beginning with e. When adding -ing, change ie to y.
Examples: Adding -ing to tie makes tying. Adding -less to tie makes tie/ess.
2. Keep the final e in words ending in oe and ye before adding suffixes. except those begin
ningwith e.
Examples: Adding -ing to hoe makes hoeing. Adding -ed to hoe makes hoed.
3. Drop the final e in words ending in ue before adding suffixes that begin with vowels. Keep
the final e before adding suffixes that begin with consonants.
Examples: Adding -ish to blue makes bluish. Adding -ness to blue makes blueness.
D. Add the suffixes to the words and write the new words. Check your spelling in a dictionary.
--
..
E. Categorize the word you wrote in Exercise C according to the spelling rule that applies for
adding suffixes to words ending in a vowel and final e.
Keep final e
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Drop final e
Change ie to y
37
Name _____________________________________________
Date __________
Spelling Rule: In an unstressed syllable. the vowel sound before the final r is faf and may
be spelled by a, e, i, 0, and u.
1. Words ending in ul_r take the vowel a as in regular; the exception is ruler.
2. Words ending in ate (regulate) and ct (connect) take the vowel
lator and connector; some exceptions are locater, distracter.
1. engend_r
11. vtne!L-r
21.occ_r
31. few_r
2. squal_r
12. smuggl_f
22. consum_r
32. protract_r
3. modul_r
13. initiat_r
23. ast_r
33. benefact_r
4. cell_f
14. toddl_r
24. deslgn_r
34. altimet_f
5. centimet_f
15. cloist_r
25. precurs_r
35. serv_r
6. prosecut_r
16. direct_r
26. procrastinat_f
36. conif_r
7. famili_r
17. cellul_f
27. request_r
37. conc_r
S. impost_r
IS. edit_r
2S. ranc_r
3S. inspect_r
9. feact_f
19. cartograph_r
29. vap_r
39. val_r
20. vehicul_r
30. surrend_r
40. amate_r
10. indlcat_r
uLr
ate. ct
er. or
Prentice-Hall, Inc.
Date _ _ _ _ _ _ __
Name _ __
Spelling Rules
1. In American English, the predominant ending is -ize, except for compound words.
Example: winterize
Exceptions: likewise, otherwise
3. The ending -ety appears in words ending in i to avoid two 1's. The ending ity is more common.
Examples: variety, gaiety
A. Write the misspelled words correctly. Put a check W next to the words that are spelled cor
11. capsise
2. enterprize
12. lengthwize
3. aggrandize
13. advertize
4. ostracise
14. advize
5. merchandise
15. popularize
6. supervize
16. victimise
7. pulverise
17. guise
8. chastize
18. criticise
9. eulogize
19. televize
10. compromise
20. otherwise
1. disparety
11. niceity
2. acuety
12. sureity
3. anxiity
13. proclivety
4. pugnacety
14. impiity
5. sobriity
15. gaiity
6. entireity
16. subtleity
7. alacrety
17. felicety
8. hilarety
18. impropriity
9. notoriity
19. vanity
10. brevety
20. receptivety
C. On a separate sheet of paper. organize the words in Exercises A and B according to their
endings. Then. write the spelling rule that applies to each group of words.
Prentice-Hall. Inc.
Name _____________________________________________
Date ____________
2. Final-c occurs in the ending -ic and in some words borrowed from other languages.
Examples: attic, bivouac
3. The endings -k and -ck appear in words such as break and check.
4. When adding suffixes beginning with e, i, or y to words in which the final -c has the /k/
sound, add the letter k before the suffix.
Examples: Adding -ed to mimic makes mimicked. Adding -y to colic makes colicky. Adding
-ing to picnic makes picnicking.
A. Write the ending for each word. Check your spelling in a dictionary.
bis
ironi
didacti
mimi
graph
tor
politi
chron
histrion
physi
trag
physi
euphoni
monar
havo
intrins
mysti
maveri
organ
pani
<.
B. Add the endings to these words and write the new words. Then. use a dictionary to find five
panic and -y
~--------
--------~----- ..
40
-----------~---
Prentice-Hall, Inc.
Name __________________________________________
Date _____________
1. mischeivous
9. riegn
2. liesure
10. obiesance
3. cheiftan
11. wierd
4. peirce
12. shiek
5. percieve
13. plebiean
6. inconcievable
14. niether
7. foriegn
15. speceis
8. hygeine
Words ending in -ish or -ist are often misspelled. The ending -ish means "relating to" or
describes "an action or process." The ending -ist means "one who practices."
Examples: stylish, nourish, zoologist
B. Write the ending -ist or -ish that is added to each word to spell the word that matches the
definition. Then, write the new word. Some words change spelling before adding the ending.
New Word
Definition
timid; bashful
2. moraland
3. child and ________
a claSSical scholar
surly; boorish
9. botany and _ _ _ _ __
c. Write ten words that end in -ish or -ist. Include words for each meaning of -ish.
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41
Name ____________________________________________
Date _ _ _ _ _ _ ___
tionary.
-ancy or -ency
-cy or -sy
l. pot
embas
2. occup
discourte
3. resid
pharrna
4. complac
bankrupt
5. tend
biop
6. absorb
ecsta
7. clem
courte
8. expedi
autocra
9. consist
prophe
10. resUi
controver
11. redund
accura
12. insolv
hypocri
13. depend
normal
14. discrep
pira
15. dorm
idiosyncra
16. effici
aristocra
17. frequ
jealou
18. hesit
falla
19. tru
immedia
20. vagr
luna
B. Add as many words as you can with each ending. Check your spelling in a dictionary.
-ancy
42
-ency
-sy
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Name ________________~
Date _______________
1. Zoe was fasinated by the soler calender that was carved in Summit Park. __________
2. Pete laughed at goulish tales, yet he wouldn't walk through the cemetary. ________
3. Uri's favorite historical subject was Imperial Japan and its regal empiters. _ _ _ _ _ __
4. As June's older sIster, it was essental for Jan to be a good role moddal. ___~_ _ __
5. Rhea was mortified because the wine she poured had turned to vineger. __________
6. A high incidance of deafness Is a hereditery condition in Dalmatians. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
7. Dylan's father often let him visit him at the moleculer biology laboratary. _ _ _ _ _ __
8. Cal knew his secretety could perform more than administrative tasks. _________
9. When Beth met Fran's boyfriend, she was convinsed that he looked familier. ___
.~_ _
10. More than fifty sponsers signed up for the charety walk-a-thon.
11. Mr. Formica travelled so much he couldn't be partlculer about his diet. __________
12. All the teachers hopped the layoffs would be a temporety situation. __________
13. TaU refused to feed her puppy table scraps so that he would not be a begger at the table.
14. Evety freshman was in a similur situation at the begining of the term. _________
15. Liz wrote about baseball as a metafor for life in her term paper. ______________
B. Write each word correctly. Then place the words under the boldface headings below.
9. theoreticial
1. horizontial
2. susceptable
3. syllible
10. indispensible
11. municipial _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
4. benefical
5. universlal
6. permissable
13. ineviUble
14. preferible _____________
7. eligable
15. irresistable
8. pedastial
-af
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-ial
-able
-ible
43
Date.
tionary.
1. lonliness
11. suvenir
2. biscit
12. discret
3. henous
13. parlament
4. efficent
14. luxurius
5. patrotlsm
15. langush
6. fomt
16. prestege
7. celestal
17. capricous
8. recrut
18. chamis
9. villin
19. sargent _
.----.
20. outragous
10. garantee
B. Write the missing, unpronounced consonants in these words. Then, write two more words
with the same unpronounced letter. Use a dictionary, as necessary.
1. recei_t
2. dis__ipline
--.--.------------
3. balle__
4. ya__ht
5. _narled
6. condem_
7. _sychology
- - . -..
..
_---
8. s_issors
9. gram_ar
lO. id_ll
11. dis_uade
12. fer_et
13. colon__ade
14. re_nown
15. _nome
16. dis_em
-----.-.--~-.-----.--
17. whis_Ie
18. rh_thm
19. ex_ibit
20. r_inoceros
44
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