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Hand Test History

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History

 About 3500 B.C... Egyptians and other


cultures employed the hand as a
symbol of life, “ka” the vital principle.

 Philosophers and physicians of


antiquity were interested in the hand
as diagnostic” aid in assessing a
person’s “temperament.”
 The first scientific attempts in relating
the hand to personality developed
out of the study of the body types by
Kretscher in 1931

 Charlotte Wolff (1943) studied certain


characteristic of the hand and
handedness, derived a practical method
of the hand interpretation based on the
studied characteristic
 The first empirical research
was a report by
Carmichael, Roberts and
Wessell (1937)

 The hand test was


originated by E. Wagner in
1958
 Used to differentiate
normal from schizophrenic

 In 1962 Bricklin Protowski


and Wagner publish a
monograph with an initial
rationale and scoring for
the hand test

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