The Illustrated Guide To The Houses of America
The Illustrated Guide To The Houses of America
The Illustrated Guide To The Houses of America
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With contributions by Henry D. Norris, John Anderson, Richard R. Leitch,
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TH[E
ILLUSinOATEID
CUIDE TO
THE HOUSES
OE AMEEICA
Edited by
RICHARD M. BALLINGER
and
HERMAN YORK
From
American homes
displayed in
is
illustrated
Each
architects.
He
dis-
its
most modern home styles, and he presents a wide range of photographs and
plans depicting regional
is
home
styling.
a working archi-
tect,
America today,
and he
is
is
homes.
single-
browse
in as
it is
is
useful
home
to the
it
estate agent.
About
the Contributors
Henry
D.
Norris,
who wrote
own
firm
in
Atlanta,
as
Better
the
an
has his
Georgia.
in
is
His
such maga-
John Anderson,
architect
-ar u
TrnTir-i
THE
ILLUSTRATED
GUIDE TO
THE HOUSES
OF AMERICA
THE
ILLUSTRATED GUIDE
b'*^
iP^i
^^^^^^^
* .--^^Pt^S '"'*
^sl-SS
M^H^rH^^i
TO THE
HOUSES OF AMERICA
Edited by
Richard M. Balllnger
Galaliad Books
Copyright
book
quotations
New
York,
New York
brief
Hawthorn Books,
or portions thereof, in
Inc.,
10011.
ISBN 0-88365-177-7
Published by arrangement with Hawthorn Books,
Manufactured in the United States of America
Inc.
in
review. All
70 Fifth Avenue,
CONTENTS
Introduction
vii
Houses
Richard M. Ballinger
Henry D. Norris
John Anderson
Northwest
59
105
Richard R. Leitch
155
John D. Bloodgood
of the Northeast
197
Herman York
Conclusions
237
Rudard A. Jones
Glossary
247
Illustration Credits
255
Index
257
Houses
of the
Ricliard M. Balllnger
INTRODUCTION
This book was prepared to give the reader, whether a prospective
home
many
Most authentic
styles
were developed
for
often related to the conditions of the region in which they are found,
Today,
many
one part of
styling in
new housing
The
of information
on exterior styling
demand
for
good
style has
suffered.
War
II
new housing
im-
young home buyer was for maximum space at minimum cost. Good
design was luxury.
Toward the end of the 1950's the majority of the new house market
was made up of second-, third-, and fourth-time buyers. Most of these
families could afford something better, and "quality" became a keynote of the industry. Better products, better construction, and larger
and more expensive housing came more and more into evidence. A
realistic upgrading in design, however, was less noticeable.
The great majority of builders continued to create their own designs
services some good, some bad
or depended on "standard plans
rather than on the services of an architect. Often the builder had no
'
vii
scale
THE
ILLUSTRATED
GUIDE TO
THE HOUSES
OF AMERICA
other choice, for few architects today are interested in residential design except for the most expensive custom houses. Churches, schools,
and
industrial
Few
pects.
and commercial construction offer more lucrative prosaware of the home builder's con-
to
make
all
consumer
is
entitled
if
he so
desires.
and even
Even most of
the market,
sale
more
is
sold from
quickly,
many
in order to
make
the
brands, variations in the plan of the house, and even the alteration of
styling
is
who
asks.
The second-time
buyers'
is
"
it
in the land.
is
also the
budget
to
as undersold or misunderstood.
The
builder
is
the president of the company. Often he must purchase the land, develop
it,
own
"crews," obtain financing under the right terms and at the right time,
viu
World was
settled
by Europeans
many
of
The New
of time.
cultures
and architecture
trol of the
Spanish.
The English, Dutch, and Swedes depended for their labor on their
own hands or indentured servants, and when they mixed, they mixed
only with each other not with the American Indian thereby creating
a blend of architecture closely associated with that of Europe.
The French along the St. Lawrence built hipped-roof houses with
round comer towers to recall the chateaux and the country manors
of France. The Dutch settlers along the Hudson were famous at the
art of
street,
brickmaking. Their houses were built with gable ends facing the
in
two halves
like
today.
The Colonial
it
became
moved westward,
iversity of Illinois, a
hub
on the subject.
Each
ix
styles
and designs in
of the Un-
Homes Council
styles in his
own
on housing
in
introduction
THE
each chapter along with the descriptive text will be helpful in identify-
ILLUSTRATED
GUIDE TO
THE HOUSES
OF AMERICA
ing both the house and the architectural detailing that often marks
the authenticity of the style.
Houses
some
in
much more
steeped in
specifics of older
on housing
house
An
in the
who
Mr. Norris,
styles.
own
has his
firm in Atlanta,
he holds a
is
a registered architect
National
certificate of the
resi-
Homes
6-
and does
John Anderson
tion that
is
He
the Northwest.
is
works well
member
new
designs.
He
is
and has
served as chairman of its Residential Architecture Committee. He is
also a member of many other industry organizations. Located in Bellecorporate
fourteen vears.
Most
American
of the
firna
Institute of Architects
Many
new styles
for their development, with much less
of his designs
is
devoted
to the
of the
atten-
relationship to the
of the
of the style
and design
is
and
varieties of pine
which have
How
The
first
just in
time
where
his designs of a
from Hawaii
among
in
one ocean
to the
Bahamas
"planned
title
of "Mr. Architect,
'
he con-
who
devotes as
much
"fits
them together
so that they
make
same statement." Heading a staff of four architects and two deand employing the services of many consultants, civil engineers,
landscape architects, structural engineers, and experts in marketing,
geology, soils, and foundations, Mr. Leitch and his firm specialize
in total comprehensive environmental design of residential communities and recreational facilities for home builders, developers, and
corporate landowners. This organization has been the recipient of
the
signers
many awards
staff
were
assisted
by Calvin C.
Southwest."
John Bloodgood, formerly the building editor of Better Homes 6Gardens, now heads his own growing organization. Mr. Bloodgood,
too,
his treatment of
house
styles of the
Midwest. Bloodgood,
like Xorris,
that in the
Gropius, rather than that of the earlier sty lings of the region.
he and
in
his staff
many
cities.
do work
for
They work
is
in
large
development
tion,
The
fifth
laborator
with
and helpmate
is
Herman
York,
my
chief col-
xi
ment
and
their identify-
introduction
THE
ILLUSTRATED
GUIDE TO
THE HOUSES
OF AMERICA
ing characteristics.
to a
He and
pubHc exposure
wider variety of
styles
American
new housing on
public.
it
academic
cil,
authorities,
University of
Rudard
Homes Coun-
Illinois.
He
relates the
new materials and prodand the changing social mores of the country to the influence
these changes may have on house style and design.
The Small Homes Council under Jones's direction provides helpful
services and activities of a broad nature to builders, architects, and
changes dictated by developing technology,
ucts,
consumers.
It
in conjunction
home
industry's needs.
been sold
all
These research
More than
five
ering residential construction, mortgage lending, estimating, and design are conducted.
staff of
the
Rudard Jones holds a B.S. and M.S. in architectural engineering and has published almost one hundred technical papers on
various aspects of housing. At present he serves on the board of diuniversity,
RICHARD M. BALLINGER
xn
HOUSES
OF THE
SOUTH
'^#H!et^i^;^.'4-:;;^ii^f;-
Henry
D. Norrls
HOUSES
OF THE
SOUTH
With its abundance of seaport towns, the South has kept close ties with
England and Europe since Jamestown settlement days, and as architectural styles developed in the Old Country, Southerners followed
adding innovations of their own
suit,
and
tastes.
today's
to
fit
My
but rather in
realistically
to
Too
home should be
stead
we
unnecessary complications.
avoided; in-
tions.
sometimes referred
to
THE
ILLUSTRATED
GUIDE TO
THE HOUSES
OF AMERICA
signed by carp enter- joiners, not by architects. They copied from books
and
of house plans
and
simplified them.
design makes him more than a copyist, enabling him to originate details
that blend the best of the past with the best of the present.
more
its
He
is
parts
appropriately.
Any
traditionally styled
house
is
style
preferred-
example (Figs.
for
any
and
2).
exterior style,
home today
in
any of
the traditional styles using stock parts. Made-to-order parts are not ne-
For
are
In
example, traditional
tools instead of
precise.
hand
tools.
parts,
and usually much higher than their width, giving a definite vertical
feeling. A commonly used width was thirty-two inches. Joining two
windows in a single opening to save money, as we do today, was
rarely done. If
separately.
mon
the ground
Roof
is
were placed
air closest to
cooler.
lines also
in
Georgian and
in the
Greek Re-
were not so important as in other styles. The dethem with parapet walls or very low roof
>
homes,
let's first
tectural style.
nial"
do away with the term "Colonial," used as an archiis no style as such. Technically speaking, "Colo-
There
"
used synonymously
when used
to describe the
is
more accurate
home.
This also holds true for the terms "contemporary" and "modern."
Many
when
de-
mean
the same thing and can be used to describe any building not
designed in a traditional
The
style.
be discussed in this
and contemporary design.
styles will
Greek Revival
The Greek Revival
stemmed from
renewed interest of
eighteenth-century England in classical Greek and Roman literature
and art the Elgin marbles, the Greek tragedies and philosophy, and
the later
Roman
style
the
made
its
wav
to the
moved
New World
into
about
1830.
The following
on housing
styles of
Greek Revival:
1.
Use
of classical
Use
of
Fig. 6
Greco-Roman ornamental
details,
such as
frets,
the acan-
OF THE
The same
is
HOUSES
(Fig. 8).
Remember
SOUTH
THE
fluting,
ILLUSTRATED
GUIDE TO
THE HOUSES
OF AMERICA
and the
like.
conquerors-
Greek
and proportions, both correct and harmonious, must be
is
style,
their
well as
its
as
fine proportions.
down
more extreme.
The height of
interior ceilings
is
is
even
often rose to
we
down
the
modern houses
out of
kilter.
The important
consideration
is
much
is
exterior proportions.
less
The appear-
of this style.
The good
height.
For instance,
in
pediment, and four columns, the floor of the porch would have been
same level as the floor of the house, and the roof line of the
porch the same as the main roof. Since the ceilings were high, tall
columns were required. Today, we keep the tall columns without the
at the
floor of the
porch
to the
ground
line
and
line (Figs,
and 10 ). This gives the front of the house more authentic proportions
that make the difference between a good modem adaptation and a
mediocre one.
Another way to give visual height is for the architect to specify that
the roof line be several feet above the normal ceiling line, or rather
than having the ceiling joists and roof rafters rest on the wall at the
same point as is usually done, the roof rafters bear on top of the ceiling
joists,
(Figs. 11-13).
Georgian Influence
Another traditional southern
HOUSES
style of architecture
commonly
is
being adapted to
the strictest architectural sense the style could well be labeled Federalist or
Regency because
it
came
to the eastern
seaboard colonies
in
the middle to latter part of the eighteenth century and carried over to
1830 or so
when Greek
The Georgian
style
based on early
Roman
architectural influ-
The southern
seaport
of Annapolis
Many
today
homes
characteristics can
Fig. 14
be adapted
in the
of the Washington-area
of a Charleston
home
opened onto the garden rather than onto the house proper. Lacy
ironwork was used on gateways and porches in both Charleston and
neighboring Savannah (Fig. 16).
Each area had its own variations of Georgian, differing according
to climate, building materials available, and local tastes. However, almost all Georgian town houses had some general characteristics that
can be adapted to today's home:
often
As the chief building material, usually red and handmade, with the exceptions noted above. The bricks were sometimes
1.
Bricks.
OF THE
called Georgian. In
SOUTH
THE
ILLUSTRATED
GUIDE TO
THE HOUSES
OF AMERICA
2.
5.
They were
based on
Revival
6.
glass panes. In
Designed
in variations
by fan-shaped blinds.
7. Double doorways. Not uncommon, with each door narrower
than the standard door of today; so narrow, in
had
fact, that
both doors
to
Dormer windows
such as
9.
pilasters,
Palladian
Lintels
often
made
windows
(Figs. 20
(Fig. 22).
of stone or
wood designed
19).
interior stairways or
10.
(Fig.
to simulate stone,
frets or rosettes at
sometimes
each end.
Williamsburg Influence
Again,
it
presented in
this
is
to obtain a better
not
its
style,
complete authenticity.
The original Williamsburg houses are simple in size and proportions. With a definite EngHsh feeling, related sHghtly to Georgian but
more directly to the English country cottage, there can be little doubt
of their heritage.
reasons, they
were usually
in Williamsburg,
and other public buildings, but they were rare, exand expensive. Unless budgets are unlimited,
Williamsburg is not a good style to adapt to a large house. When
building this style, the house should be kept small and simple in design, both outside and inside.
The proportions of a Williamsburg house are easy to identify from
a photograph because wood sidings and bricks were standard in size
and easy to count. Sidings were almost invariably six inches wide and
bricks three inches high by eight inches long.
The Williamsburg house is either one and a half stories or two
ernor's Palace
tremely elaborate,
each with
stories,
its
own
characteristics.
The one-and-a-half
story
1.
Wood
"half-round
for
an attractive
finish.
The
siding
steep-pitched roof of
of the shingles
Since this
is
is
wood
shingles
(Fig. 25).
off
The
corners
often substituted.
3.
Dormer windows
level.
often
had more
dormers, spaced closer together than homes built in other areas of the
colonies.
4.
Shutters
(Fig. 27).
More
louvered. Usually dark green, but also dark dull red or dark brown.
5.
Windows
(Fig. 30).
Narrower and
taller
windows
with the top of the doors, they were placed higher on the walls, lined
HOUSES
OF THE
SOUTH
THE
ILLUSTRATED
GUIDE TO
THE HOUSES
OF AMERICA
work
transom,
6.
adding
Handmade
1.
appearance that
windows.
2.
Shutterless
3.
windows
1.
modillions,
which are
ings of today.
This
(Fig. 32).
is
these
that
as those of today.
3.
wood
railing,
when used
Fig. 33
Small painted wooden fences were popular, too, not necessarily functional or surrounding the lot but usuallv as decorative details. Car-
penters of the day had fun designing the pickets and posts in imaginative stvles.
10
4.
and
a glass
Fig.
houses
OF THE
the chimney
Interiors
much
is
were quite
were given
interest
through
Moldings (Fig. 36). An important decorative detail, usually including a high baseboard, sizable chair rail, and a two-or-more-piece
1.
2.
areas.
halls,
or other small
When
3.
Fig. 37
used,
38 and 39). Fairly elaborate with a few intriMany of the stock parts available today are
4.
cate Chippendale
st\'les.
Light
5.
fixtures.
and wall
fixtures
were handcrafted
of
brass
mal
6.
Corner
home
7.
11
more
for-
styles.
if
fireplaces.
Quite
common and
Venetian blinds.
Made
of
wood and
south
THE
ILLUSTRATED
GUIDE TO
THE HOUSES
OF AMERICA
French Influence
The
different story
was
New
influence of
New
styles.
Though
is
there
"French flavor"
in their
new home
of both
(Fig. 40).
some homes
certain characteristics of
them a French
feeling.
Few
1.
steep hip roof (Fig. 41). Sloping in four directions rather than
Where
if
is
is
for
"French"
little
the fagade
looks
rect-
more
which
is
actually
more
than English styles: light pink or tan, or painted almost any Hght
color.
3.
It is
Windows
only necessary to
may have
(Fig. 40).
straight tops.
Wood
doors.
More
at the sides
and opening
like
style.
Ironwork. Usually
styles
some
and on front
early
New
today. Heavier
cast,
steps
on balconies or porches
iron
of two-story
was used
in
and more
ornate, they
flavor.
running around two or three sides of the house; multilevel, they are
not very possible or practical today.
12
6.
in the
same manner
as in
detail that
Georgian homes.
7.
is
OF THE
an authentic touch
the
if
budget allows; again with curved tops and curved panels either
in
may be wider
molding on the door, it should
the bottom in a design similar
If
there
is
and sometimes at
to that seen on French and Italian Provincial furniture. Such doors
are available as stock parts and. do very well.
8. Interior doors. With straight tops but also with curved molding
in a simpler way. Two- or three-panel doors may also be used and are
be curved
at the top
available ready-made.
The
is
better
9.
10.
try
Wood
French
11.
Of wrought
wood.
flavor.
if
12.
its
On
in elaborate curves.
ceilings
and woodwork,
if
used, deriving
is
Contemporary Design
An
interesting story
on "What's
concerns a European
monk
modem;
his
it
To people who
ask
what
but
What's contemporary?"
traditional,
of
it is
may
style a certain
it's
modem
given a name.
"
is,
we
can
Someday contemporary
13
house
"contemporary," as
HOUSES
more
is
is
used,
not com-
glass, a
more
noticeably non-
SOUTH
THE
ILLUSTRATED
GUIDE TO
THE HOUSES
OF AMERICA
traditional
experimentation, which
is
its
chief characteristics of
individuality, variety,
and
to certain
patterns.
flair
is
43 and 44). These schools are quite different, but both are good and
appropriate in their design for the American way of life in the late
twentieth century.
As
for
contemporary homes
by the use
style
with
of shapes
its flat
roofs
Fig. 45
toward an
This
and severe
is
is
lines,
in contrast to the
Bau-
South.
Fig. 46
my own
is
as well.
For example,
windows, steep-pitched roofs, paned double-hung windows in frontjust enough to blend with our traditional neighborhood (Fig. 47).
Basically, however, it is a modern structure both inside and out, featuring a twelve-foot sliding glass door instead of a French door in our
country French living room, a shding glass door leading to the patio
off the master bedroom, sloping ceihngs in the second-floor living bedrooms, and other such features (Fig. 48).
is
a characteristic of the
modern house
South (Figs. 49 and 50). This is often achieved through the use
of natural materials such as stone and stained rough wood. It is not
in the
14
HOUSES
of simple design.
They should be
sparingly.
It's
of particularly
moderation,
in
and
styling.
his travels,
from the
past.
more expensive
in
many
The
cases.
is
"
that go
demanded, or
is
they be custom-made.
"Going
modem"
who wanted
and
his wife,
who wanted
One
a contemporary house
a traditional one.
"
her contemporary
home
for
its
values as well.
Most owners
of a contemporary
element
dict
is
what
one.
Upon
home
find
it
has
many
satisfactions
entering a
modern house,
it is
impossible to pre-
flat
In every way,
make
it is
usually
satisfactions of
it
to
be
different.
15
OF THE
SOUTH
1.
2.
modern-day example
in all details.
of French-influence styling.
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3.
17
fine
Georgia.
example
of
Greek Revival
in the
Piedmont area
of
4.
of the South.
Williamsburg
burg Colonial.
5.
19
styling.
An example
of
a two-story Williams-
6.
treatments.
7.
21
Greco-Roman
frets.
detail: the
acanthus
and
LJi
22
10.
rest of the
house.
Revival house.
'/
L^-<
'^
^
Jl
:^.^:
the
Greek
11.
roof
sketch illustrating
rafters
joists resting
common
ceiling
at
point.
Sketch
12.
and
on wall
roof
rafters
top
of
illustrating
bearing on
ceiling
joists,
13.
Still
greater exterior
heights
can be
gained
by
additional
framing between ceiling
wall
joists
and
roof rafters, as
24
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small
detail
15.
detailing.
11
lU
^^
27
Typical of the
rough
texture.
fine, delicately
towns.
29
19.
lasters
ings.
20.
Palladian
window as shown
at
21.
22.
The function
shown,
above.
31
is
as
to support the weight
of
lintel,
Jt
-r'
^^j;^-'
23.
partially-
32
25.
wood
33
off
on bottom edge.
34
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Handmade
27.
(Left)
ters of
Raised-panel-design
shut-
Williamsburg story-and-a-half
house.
"m
29.
35
of two-story
Williamsburg.
windows
taller
tti^^^^^^ii^MilflHiiittttnA
36
31.
Gambrel
roofs allow
37
38
39
33.
and
story-and-a-half Williamsburg.
wood
railing
found
in
both two-story
34.
Plain Williamsburg
and-a-half houses.
doorway found
in two-story
and
story-
40
35.
The Williamsburg
chimneys often
r
1
"
'
"^^
rail,
and
the use of
42
37.
43
interiors.
38.
Williamsburg
stair rail.
39.
Chippendale
burg houses.
45
sometimes found
in Williams-
40.
A French-influence
style of
South.
46
THIS
Steep hip roofs covering several wings
of the house can supply a French flavor.
41
47
42.
Wood
ceiling with
touch.
48
r
i'%'>
;,'' ^*-.,
*^f^.. ?-."
;*E''Via:'-
'ki?fe3fe'
ra*.^ #1.^
43.
Symbolic of the International Style under the leadership
Walter Gropius.
49
of
44.
One
of
50
'
';^^'.V
^*T-jt^
45.
contemporary house
in the
47.
The Henry
and
traditional.
a blend
of
modern
52
48.
53
Master bedroom
modern with
of the Norris
the traditional.
49.
A modern
50.
From
and
50 illustrate texture as
rary or
Norris.
modern house
chief characteristic of
a contempo-
of the South.
54
51.
that
eave
line
on center
52.
55
is
to
windows, higher
French
54.
Steep-pitch
influence.
hip
roof,
windows
second-floor
i;.i"sr' T
55.
front door.
i^awrsH
Colonial Williams-
y.-^.:.
56.
ing,
roof
sid-
pitch,
a modern-day adaptathe
tion
of
burg
style.
Williams-
i'"
57.
Georgian
influ-
pediment trim
door.
at front
TyM
with
hip
length
windows on
Full-
roof.
first
floor.
59.
Mansard
roof,
y
'
Vtt-
"
60.
The
style
^^-i
dor
with
construction.
61.
Georgian
influ-
mental trim
front door.
57
of
the
at recessed
half-timber
HOUSES
OF THE
NORTHWEST
John Anderson
HOUSES
OF THE
NORTHWEST
The Northwest has some
United
States. This
is
new
of the past,
restrictive in-
The
and
fluence on
in
its
rounding countryside.
of the housing
beautiful
of
THE
ILLUSTRATED
GUIDE TO
THE HOUSES
OF AMERICA
principally because of
vast timberlands.
its
straight and tall Douglas fir, the giant Sequoia redwoods, the West
Coast hemlock, and the western cedar were the prime products.
became the
mills
many
such a
is
of
Located
city.
on
in part
it
the
the town.
new and
this
new
much
land,
As they moved
was brought
House
ing
at Port
and
of their tradition
Townsend, Washington
along.
is
cul-
One
the Hast-
home was
fine
window
trim,
and
fascia
emerged
was
that
and
fire
it
of
its
a style
ing years, housing styles were mainly borrowed or copied from other
areas.
One
of the earliest
architectural style
by
young
known examples
which expressed
its
of an
emerging Northwest
regional character
was
in
was created
Fig. 63
Now some
years before
new
it
families migrating
their
left
behind.
62
of
the
then the
1920's,
style of its
own had
forties.
housing
was not until after World War II that the Northwest contemporary emerged as a truly regional style. Its development was based
on environmental climatic influences. The mild but frequently cloudy
weather prompted large glass areas without great concern for heat loss
(Fig. 64). The relatively frequent rainfall, combined with the aesthetics
of design, called for a generous roof overhang at eaves and gables.
Again it was only natural that exterior walls should be of native cedar
and redwood.
Although there were a number of Northwest architects developing
this regional style, Van Evera Bailey of Portland, Oregon, and Paul
Kirk (Kirk, Wallace & McKinley), Seattle, Washington, were pioneers in the movement and have provided many fine Northwest
homes of this design.
These post-World War II days, however, found the Northwest
sharing in the plight of a national housing shortage which in turn resulted in the mass production of thousands of small homes mediocre
in plan and design. Not until this shortage of shelter housing subsided
was any general improvement shown. It was only then that new housing reflected the environment of the Northwest on a volume scale and
It
we
finally
home
design.
ing.
As time progressed, this room became larger and the living room
Often the fireplace (a must in the Northwest) was brought
smaller.
from the living into the family room by design (Fig. 65). Since this
was an informal area, it was logical to use native wood on the walls
and sometimes the ceiling as well (Fig. 66). Exposed structural wood
beams became an integral part of the design (Fig. 67).
More
efficient
wood
work
cabinets
made
added
to efficiency
and appear-
and 69).
Centuries ago, when the Cascade Mountain Range was formed by
numerous volcano eruptions, a wide variety of terrain was created.
Much of it is too steep on which to build economically, yet many
square miles of rolling hills were provided on which building with
which
63
to
dramatic effect
(Figs. 68
is
now
possible.
HOUSES
OF THE
NORTHWEST
THE
ILLUSTRATED
GUIDE TO
THE HOUSES
OF AMERICA
popular building
From
problems.
sites,
views ^rom
many vantage
points
and are
To
The
which
is
multilevels,
to live.
The space
fluence
is
been an inspiration
to
many
The
earth tones.
new
64
62.
One of the oldest houses in the Northwest is this well-preserved Victorian house in Port Townsend, Washington. It was
built in 1851 shortly before the founding of Seattle. Note the fine
carpenter detailing which was characteristic of the period, the
paneled entry door, the classic capitals of wood columns, the
turned balusters and detailed pediment on entry porch, as well
as the window head and sill details.
65
63.
known examples
of
66
67
This
is
one
room of modest size with a generous fireplace of used brick. The vertical wood paneling and
the wood beams in the ceiling help create a warm setting for
owners' collection of furnishings. On the left of photograph,
65.
68
66.
Wood
ceiling of
soffit
outside.
!w'5SW!3'i5?'
67.
of
wood-paneled walls
is
70
68.
oil
teak cabi-
luminous
chrome
71
fiber glass.
ceiling. Light
73
71.
Open
stair
and open
risers create
an
'%,.
c
^
'^*^.
-i
IK
'^i-?'
'm^.
r^TWj
'i,
*v
and strong vertical lines emphasize the structural elements. The hand-split cedar shakes are indigenous to the Northslopes
west.
76
74.
wood-plywood
75.
Entry foyer
View
and
unpolished terrazzo
tiles.
78
76.
detail.
79
home
in
This
gables
inside
and
is
is
outside.
80
8i
modest house with dramatic hnes. The Northwest concept or derivation from the mansard roof has a simple yet pleasing contemporary composition.
79.
in the area.
82
81.
83
of
the
this
82-84.
to the
for the
main house.
n^i^^ssMmmmummm
85
covered walks
well,
86
86.
A recently completed
ington.
wood
An
fine
home
outstanding feature of
detail.
The
this
window and
windows for dramatic
court
light-
ing effects.
#t^^
.^;;>
t<,\
#'
%-
'I^^J
"
^^i1^
-"-^-
N- /^
.T-
'^
<^'^''
r^^
.^^
;
^v
i^
-.,^5^
This house
87,
(Left)
The
is
of
89
89.
On
all
many
rooms on
levels of decks
that side.
and
90
main
levels
91.
Plan
of this house,
levels.
92
m
1
')
v..
W
J
II
i'
"r*-
.t-^:'^K
kdMAi
93
93.
...
and
94
M--
:%
Ul
94.
The
use
bathroom.
in the
95
same natural
in the
95.
The kitchen
is
efficient. Oil-finish
backsplash are
96.
Here
is
of
elegant in
its
ample and
Counters and
'AIM'
'V*
'
.,
^^-
96
97.
style.
98.
It
they are
ing walls.
'."*"S
v,^i^?.S^..
''.^^'
m.
1
1
i^
m^^
1ll
\MmW.
>:*
^A
99.
98
The lighting sets the mood here in the livnig room and
library. The detailed beams of the high ceilings are complimented by the continuous indirect light source at the cover.
100.
101.
is
mosaic
tile.
and a panel
of metallic
glazed
100
ir^n^n^m
102.
101
Plan
the type.
103
106.
of the
of the
year-round vacation
home
Northwest.
104
HOUSES
OF THE
SOUTHW^EST
Richard R. Leitch
HOUSES
OF THE
SOUTHWEST
Architecture in the southwest region of America has yet to achieve a
its
is
all
over America,
it
may
come. Change
is
is
mobile
and has been throughout history. A changing people and their cultures have undoubtedly provided the major influence on the architecture of the Southwest.
New
Mexico and Arizona the mixture of the Spanish-MexicanIndian civilizations created a lasting architecture which has left its
mark throughout the Southwest. The Indians in Arizona and New
Mexico first developed a practical architecture ages before the arrival
of the Spanish. The Pueblo at Taos, New Mexico, is an example of
the wonderful towns and buildings these people built with adobe,
stone, and wood.
The Spaniards, arriving from Mexico in the eighteenth century,
found these structures perfect for the climate and way of life to which
In
Mission-style architecture
107
can be adapted
to
modern
tastes.
THE
ILLUSTRATED
GUIDE TO
THE HOUSES
OF AMERICA
tecturea
new
style.
Early settlers from the East brought with them the clean-cut
wood
New
design forms in
Toward
all
"modem"
building a
architecture.
new
first
of the
Maybeck began
"Bay Region
style,"
practical.
new houses
of ideas
architecture
by
a combination
for
both Japanese
in the area,
they evolved a style that has remained a major influence in the West.
In San Diego, Irving Gill began building mission-influenced
mod-
These
new western
house
styles of today,
and
new
concepts.
The modern
or contem-
porarv style of design was born to the West. Although popular at the
time, this International Style of architecture
was
set apart
we know them
from the
today.
108
as well.
this
Styles
alike.
During the 1940's the trend toward the ranch house outpaced the
Mediterranean, and whole communities were architecturally limited
to shake or shingle roofs, wood or adobe walls, and a specific roof
pitch. These restrictions were well accepted at the time because the
style was so universally popular.
Not until the early 1950's did public pressure begin to break these
restrictions and permit the use of new materials, varied roof forms,
and unusual exteriors. Pacific style, an adaptation of Japanese and
Hawaiian
architecture,
In Arizona and
show a
New
climate are a
demanding
again.
The extremes
of a desert
if
oasis
from the
desert.
wood
and
terraces
sky.
overhangs
relief
from the
flare of the
sun
109
houses
OF THE
southwest
107.
rough-plastered
is
adobe-brick
floors,
heavy-timbered
wrought-iron gates and
walls,
ceilings,
fixtures,
no
El
American
Ill
settlers.
109.
two-story
Stick
110.
Built in San Diego in 1856 of locally made brick, this house
shows the melding of Greek Revival and Mexican architectural
styles.
113
^.^i^M.^^-
111.
1834
A washed
is
named
Pacific
113.
An
115
plastered.
114.
Acoma Pueblo
in
is
116
A modern-day
119
118.
120
119.
A curfent-day
120.
style of architecture.
tury in the
Bay Area
of
San Francisco.
Bernard Maybeck
of the
nineteenth cen-
121.
123
The Mediterranean
decoratively.
124
124.
Residence
ican villa-type
in Carefree, Arizona,
home
to
shows adaptation
of
Mex-
Arizona desert.
126.
Columns
of
and
127
Straub.
Windows
of
adobe
are
fitted
with overhangs
shade
ter-
house by Calvin
127.
Central patio
filled
provides an oasis from the hot desert. A slattered-wood roof provides further shade and filter from the sun.
128.
High ceiling
in living
129
same
room
of desert
house aids
in cooling.
and Mexicans
the
huge
picture
window
is
protected by the
ramada
outside.
130
131.
Kitchen of this desert house has a counter shown in foreground which serves a large family room and a more formal
dining room to the right. The floor is of quarry tile.
name
a product of the
wide-open spaces. It is characterized by long, low roof lines,
wide overhanging, exposed-beam ceilings, covered porticoes,
shake and shingle roofs, massive fireplaces or fire pits, large
132.
glass areas,
and
its
implies,
is
rustic detailing.
132
//
X:
*^
if
V//
/
'i
'
fl^H^^^^^^I
^v
ai\
i'l
i^
133
ranch house shown in Figure 132, notable for its spaciousness. Tile floor and carved doors show Spanish influence on California residential architecture.
133.
to
\
^N
\.
v\
JS^---
-^.1^11
c-^
134.
From
134
135.
135
good example
of
a house
fitted to its
in, this
ranch house
environment.
is
.^.rfnii:;
'ly
136.
is
to live in
planned
Associates.
tures.
136
ternational Style.
139.
Hills area.
crete,
and
dramatic example
of the
use
to
which
steel,
con138
140.
An example
Angeles
141.
of
an
all-concrete-and-steel
house
built in
Los
in 1936.
Post
and beam
iiimm
.v-\\
0'
.A^^^
#.#^
142.
141
The
PL_nnc7^/aunn
floor plan,
together as one.
where
interior
and
143.
This
is
The approach
shown on
the lead
page
through a long front entrycourt. Inside the front door are an entry garden, high ceilings,
and vistas of glass that lead to the terraces and pool area.
of this chapter.
is
142
^*^'
144.
^-
"Home
of the
West."
Designed by Richard Leitch and Associates, it might be classified as a ranch style, but it is actually a composite of many of
the styles so far discussed.
143
post
desert at
the ceiling:
flat steel
architect.
144
Figure
146.
is
wood and
146
149.
147
A covered
portico
California, in 1844.
on an adobe house
built in
Long Beach,
150.
San Juan Capistrano, Calired-brick paving and redconcepf as in house shown in Figure 43,
modern-day house
built in
wood
built
posts
and
similar
same
earlier.
148
151
The home
the 1950's,
152.
it
of California architect
could
just
An overhead view
down on
the patio.
Gordon Drake.
Built in
of the
Here
is
Smith, architects.
150
154.
New
strictly
experimental,
serious at-
tempts from which all can benefit, such as this "tree house" set
on a concrete "trunk" with steel "branches."
151
155.
This
is
in the
Phoenix desert,
shades
of
canvas.
i52i
a house. It is a geodesic dome invented by Buckminster Fuller and has many practical applications.
156.
This
is
mi%
^4
HOUSES
OF THE
MIDWEST
Jliji!!!
^
i
--*^
John
D.
Bloodgood
HOUSES
OF THE
MIDWEST
The
first
were successful merchants whose economic achievements were reflected in their large, proud, and often handsome residential structures which dominated the early settlement towns (Figs. 157 and
log
158). While the typical dwelling of these times was still the
cabin, the more imposing homes of these early traders and merchants
remain to
this
day
as a contribution to the
Midwest's architectural
history.
dreary,
larger,
muddy town
itself,
THE
ILLUSTRATED
GUIDE TO
THE HOUSES
OF AMERICA
larger,
new midwestern
added
began
ily
local variations,
to emerge.
These elaborate
of the
Midwest
spread quickly over the various trading areas, and Mississippi River
Gothic and Greek Revival grew up along the rivers and river ports
of the region.
The
ornamentation so
intricate
common
in
Europe were
rush in 1848, fully one tenth of the United States' population lived
walls of
structural
mon
new
residential
One major
and an interior
the most com-
is still
Today, brick
in small quantities.
is
this
158
this and other new mass-produced buildmethod of construction from the East Coast
Midwest became standardized, helping to encourage the
through the
eclectic introductions
of these
and other
(Fig. 163).
to the publishing of
tecture, tending
even further
increasingly available
many books on
residential archi-
new
technology
every
into
style, since
and today
tures
still
is
It
cities
in the smaller
towns or
or on lesser jobs
(Fig. 164).
By
the end of the 1870's Greek Revival and Gothic Revival began
and
the
159
of the time.
HOUSES
OF THE
MIDWEST
THE
ILLUSTRATED
GUIDE TO
THE HOUSES
OF AMERICA
Chicago
of the
when new
which
fire
laid
low an entire
The rebuilding
tion of the
Chicago
of
new emerging
first
just
to
this great
major demonstra-
was the
in 1871
volume
way
in the
and the focus of atboth the quantity and the design value
of
new
their
construction,
of their work.
Sullivan
beliefs
Thus
own
architectural
young
architects.
western
cities
Wright
prairie houses.
The
of their
The designs
to their
site,
mid-
of these houses
were
long, low,
revival styles
was
sharp.
The people
houses which better suited the broad vista of the midwestem horizon.
In the early 1900's and until the years following
to play
an important role
World War
I,
in several residential
fall
in so doing, the
became the
ground for "contemporary" or "modem residential design in the United States. During
the 1930's many houses still considered modern today were built
throughout the Midwest. In this period, as an example, Frank Lloyd
a cultural lag,
first
real
testing
"
Wright
built his
famous Taliesen
new
at Spring
Throughout the 1940's and much of the 1950's, while these principles of modern design were being refined and admired, new housing
for the majority was copied from the nation's early history. Colonial
housing, so prevalent in the East, came into vogue for the first time
160
the Midwest.
in
The midwestem
many
version
was often
repetitive
of
and 171).
In these post-World War II days the housing industry was looking
for further technological and labor-saving advances. Prefabricated
housing (Fig. 172), soon to be called manufactured housing, began
to take its first big strides in the Midwest as a major supplier of
housing units. These earlier houses were production units providing
shelter at the lowest cost possible. They were developed for speed
of construction, easy site erection, and greater economies in both
volume material purchasing and fabrication. The "manufactured
house" industry still thrives in the Midwest and grew to produce larger
and more stylish houses than in earlier years. (Figs. 173 and 174).
HOUSES
OF THE
modem
of
as
we moved
architects
past the shelter market of the 1940's and the early 1950's
and a more
affluent second-time
The ranch house had begun its trek from West to East and on its way
was moderated by midwestem influences. Styles changed from the
rough-hewn western ranch house to the brick and asphalt of
the Midwest. The change was not in the mass or the low, long proportion but more in the detail and resulting character. The midwestem ranch house attempted to combine the simplicity of modem
thought with the freer plan of the western ranch and its scheme for
indoor-outdoor living. When it was well done by an architect, it was
pleasant enough, though often quite difi^erent in character from the
more conventional one-story ranch house as we have come to think
of it today (Fig. 175). As the ranch house moved farther eastward,
original
it
ing. In
was
both the Midwest and the East, however, the major appeal
By
way
more prominent
the
fitting
wall system. Flat roofs expressed more lightly the lines of the earher
prairie house.
and 177).
to
MIDWEST
THE
ILLUSTRATED
GUIDE TO
THE HOUSES
OF AMERICA
mood
Midwest was becoming more and more informal. The cubistic houses were beautiful to enjoy as architectural
sculpture but demanded a discipline of its occupants. The Midwestemer of the period was ready for the aesthetic values and the great
feeling of space and the outdoors the design provided, but not the
ordered life that the houses demanded. The compromise was to still
of Hving in the
use of
siting,
glass,
line,
but with
less
The
casual overcame the formal, and the houses were relaxed, pleasant,
and had great character (Figs. 178 and 179).
we
find
sites.
The midwestern
is
from anything
fanciful, suggestive of
sug-
enveloping en-
related to the
flat terrain.
life
in the past.
site.
Court-
Midwestern brick
earlier
residential
now
building to
new
design
and 182).
Houses often look like a collection of farm buildings with various
roof planes and pitches all leaning toward a central mass. Texture
and form become heavier and more defined, giving ornament and
philosophy
character without fussiness. Planes also reflect the double goal of openness with privacy.
(Figs. 183-185).
The
midwestern
life is
expressed in
more formal
styles yet
is
to
162
157.
Borrowed
163
made
the mid-
158.
This Illinois
home was
typical of the
164
159.
The more
typical
house
of the
i65
and basic
trim.
period
wood
was a simple
siding, small
en-
windows,
160.
Every design ornamentation could be copied in wood, and
was. Note the wooden "ironwork" at doors and windows.
166
161.
167
what the
162.
still
Brick
started
its
168
^S^3^
ii-:
m.
The
examples
163.
169
Illinois Historical
of these
styles
borrowed
170
165.
171
mings
style in the
Midwest added
stylistic trim-
;_-S.^
|B=l
te
^^
ai m
^
^^
-
t
%
-.
^^E B>\
--^
Li
m^ikmmm
172
173
of his
development
organic architecture.
174
169.
175
new
materials
170.
farmhouse
sities
and eastern
gap between
frontier neces-
culture.
176
found
177
their
way
into
midwestern houses.
172.
The "prefabs"
of the early
178
173.
After
World War
II,
179
style, size,
174.
nant
new
residential markets.
180
175.
i8i
Perkins
&
Will, architects,
combined the
"prairie" design
new
182
i83
178.
ened
in detail
patterns. Geo.
of the cubistic
house was
soft-
architects.
184
179.
The shape
of
housing began
to reflect the
185
more casual
in-
180.
reflect the
more romantic,
fanciful char-
186
i87
182.
to
188
183.
The sense
in residential
of
enclosure
189
midwestern barn.
184.
The grouping
formal character, as
of various
if
in-
190
185.
Structural elements
bine staunch
191
warm
porting design.
to
com-
192
186-187.
193
formal yet
More formal
still
earlier styles
in
188.
nity to
of taller proportions
gave more
dig-
1960's.
194
189.
ibility in
195
flex-
HOUSES
OF THE
NORTHEAST
198
Herman York
HOUSES
OF THE
NORTHEAST
A
much
to classify
design?"
is
a question
able as
relates to
it
is
often at a loss
of the
newer housing.
If
is
most of
its
be made with
little
risk of error
its
style category
by the informed,
to the
becomes more
and
detail.
difficult.
Few
They
twentieth-century homes
carry
itself
many
of the ele-
does not
make
Showing the
in
New
front elevation of
by Claude Miquelle
utilizes
a house
this
outstanding design
can
of the
THE
ILLUSTRATED
GUIDE TO
THE HOUSES
OF AMERICA
handcraftmanship that was so closely associated with the predominant styles of yesteiyear. The present-day shortage of skilled
fine
workmen coupled with high labor costs in the building industry has
made these features prohibitive in cost.
In much of the new housing built in the Northeast today, Early
American intermixes with modern forms of uncluttered simplicity to
produce a crossbreeding of style. To compound the problem of identifying the modern-day house as to its style, many "sales features" are
added
an
in
This
is
more
the builder in his search for additions to the house that create "curb
offering.
it
stop, look,
home
buyers,
quality
and more status in their next house. Similarly most buyers are becoming increasingly aware of design as an important quality ingredient in the
it.
This
improved new house design. Not just builders but mortgage lenders
and government agencies such as the F.H.A. are giving new house
in
design
much more
attention.
Many
is
the development of
new
more
ents, for
of the
design, therefore,
components
is
find a market.
In most instances
years as
efficient,
Cape Cod
it
is
or Georgian,
its
Cod resemble
etc.,
general mass.
Many
houses built
Among
aluminum
the many differences the current model may be sheathed
or steel, manufactured "used" brick, or plastic-coated plywood, chemin
ically treated
A
style
is
Cod
a confusing
200
designation, for
it is
logical to
HOUSES
OF THE
There
is
word
as the
name
word
for
"Colonial."
Many
when
the designation
is
building design.
Much
first settlers
of the area.
be attributed
Many
to the
of these pioneers
settled
in the Southwest,
Atlantic coast,
soil
a crude
hut was the symbol of the domestic architecture of the time. Most
of the seventeenth century in America was spent in the conquest of
new frontiers and the estabhshment of farming areas, activities that
indicated the country's future agricultural and industrial greatness.
In these early years most of the building was done in comparatively
safe areas near the coast or along rivers leading
new to the
home con-
Thus protection from the weather was only one aspect of a building
operation. Houses were simple, designed primarily as shelter, reflecting the rugged character of the land and the simple life of the
New
World.
The climate
it
does in
all
were common
practice.
Homes
of the
huge
fireplace
minimize heat
losses
through the
Seventeenth-century houses
in
glass.
the
Northeast
201
of
Europe. Not until the eighteenth century did Colonial styles come
NORTHEAST
THE
ILLUSTRATED
GUIDE TO
THE HOUSES
OF AMERICA
into being,
when
skill
and
done
essentially
still
of entire areas of
way to more
wood but with greater
sophisticated detail,
in
contemporary design.
For varied reasons, however, many of which puzzle the architectural mind, an eclectic movement then developed in which traditional
Early American influences were profoundly apparent. The great inture, set the stage for twentieth-century
and
had very
little
influence on resi-
many
what
is
it
in a favorable position
this part of
with most of
America new-
when
the design
is
the
more often
as nearly authentic
as possible.
However, a gradual trend toward more reactionary design is apparent. An influencing factor has been the development of those new
materials that
used in
embody
in texture
and
earlier decades.
porate in his house very often represents to the builder high construction costs
which tend
Consumer preference
is
less
in
in-
apparent.
202
and ordnances of many localities. Rulthat "a house may not be built which in appearance
uncommon.'The
in
many
instances,
nevertheless
future. Limitations
who may
taste
styles of
Let
it
influencing style go
beyond "protection
of life
The photographs
both the
earlier
(Figs.
is
typical
wide range
more representative
because
it is
Northeast.
The
to
its
traditional
windows
or walls
traditional,
designed.
show
is little
By
a closer relationship to
The Northeast
styles of
203
OF THE
neighboring dwell-
taste,
its
HOUSES
classified as a
chasm between
new
yester-
NORTHEAST
190.
One
of the
turesque type of
few surviving examples of a simple and pichome built by the first settlers in the Pennsyl-
204
j^iofc'^
191.
205
house
today.
206
207
to
stair
tread end.
195.
One
mansion.
examples
of
a Georgian
*-1av-;?
j.
\^^\.rr^^.
Great numbers of such houses were built for the shipbuilders and fishermen in the Massachusetts area. They were
minimum houses and so well suited the needs of the people that
larger houses were not built until many years later.
terior.
209
typical cottage of
197.
One
plicity is
of the oldest
an important
are identical in
its
size,
houses
in Deerfield,
Massachusetts. Sim-
ingredient. All
contributing to
elevation.
210
John Howard Payne Memorial "Home Sweet Home" illusbox" design at its best. Old shingles, beautifully
weathered, add texture to a facade that needs very little to en198.
211
hance
its
attractiveness.
early design.
212
200.
213
When
into scale.
201.
Exterior side
view
of typical
roof.
214
202.
window heads
are carried well above the height of the door. The high front
wall is achieved by a plate located above the second-floor ceiling creating more third-floor space. Note the typically narrow
215
clapboard siding.
203.
This
is
and
detail typi-
1840's.
216
An
204.
217
over door and window heads. Design purists will object to such
features as grouped windows with nonfunctional shutters.
218
219
make up
207.
the standing
220
208.
it
interesting influ-
ences
vice
is
band
of brick at the
221
and
sill
level
209.
and
Glass proportions
lower windows.
fully proportioned.
match those
of
of
windows
in the
dormers
222
210.
An updated
version of the
Cape Cod
its
design.
well proportioned to give overall balance. One cannot overemphasize the simplicity that accompanies most well-designed
homes. Here it is quite evident.
223
This house
211.
detail in the
vival era.
224
new house
above door and window frames come from the mid-eighteenth-century house. The
location of the chimney shows a later influence as well. Earlier
houses used a central location for fireplaces. The boldness of
the window frame and its entablature eliminates the need for
212.
225
In this
shutters.
the entablatures
modern design represents the maximum in contemporary appearance and detail which speculative builders in
213.
This
elegance.
226
The author's own home, which he designed to take advantage of its wooded two-acre setting. The pine siding is of sawnboard finish which retains on the lower edge the actual shape
of the tree trunk. The center section utilizes Roman-size ivorycolored brick laid in a stacked bond.
214.
215.
228
S'-:v>:
V-
^-wirft.
^55^v
;.:%
.? .
;._
Another example of a recent house designed to incorpoNew England detail in clean, uncluttered planes.
The narrow clapboard lends scale and dignity to the elevation
which, through its imposing mass, gives adequate visual support
to the large chimneys.
216.
rate simple
229
217.
land
fine
contemporary design with a New EngCape Cod and designed by architect Claude
example
flavor. Built in
of
Miquelle.
230
218.
231
Detail
219.
of
Miquelle house.
232
220.
ders, architect.
221.
View
of the
234
222.
235
areas.
223.
Rear patio
in
New Seabury
house.
236
CONCLUSIONS
238
Rudard
A.
Jones
CONCLUSIONS
Present-day designers of homes in the United States, in their search
philosophies. Those
work on the
who
are
While
is
styles.
tradition-influenced
modern designs
are not
is
it
is
developed
its
evolution.
good styles in their purest form relate to their early environment and the existing conditions of the times. The building needs,
climate, site, available materials, and available skills, tempered by the
All
background and objectives of the people concerned, contribute to the development of a style.
Styles are not static. Changes in the availability of materials can
vary the style. For example, even though the divided light, doublehistorical
hung window
is
likely of the
The development
of an architectural style
wood framing
239
with spaces
filled
with masonry.
is
THE
ILLUSTRATED
GUIDE TO
THE HOUSES
OF AMERICA
for example,
fairly
may be
lost
characteristics
New England
same form and appearance as its
much
the
its
construction system
is
entirely
different.
Is it
designing
entirely
spirit of
the region,
it
is
of view.
Most
to this question
critics
would agree
an adaptation or extension of a
depends
that
if
the
style native to
its
To make
surroundings.
the point to an
chalet on
the
out of place.
In one way the resurgence of traditional home architectural forms
may be charged to conservatism along with a strong assist from the
cold facts of economics. Persons searching for good design in their
to fall
have stood the test of time. They feel much more confident of the
stability of a house styled in the Georgian manner than they do of a
house that has a nontraditional approach. Psychologically they
feel
more
may
to
sometimes
of the
difficult to sort
and,
unfortunately,
it
is
moment.
book is to give some guidance in judgment of good design, whether traditional or nontraditional. As indicated previouslv, there is more to go on when we are concerned with
traditional architecture. But to reiterate, vcork done in the traditional
manner should be done in an understanding of the traditional spirit.
One
To the
contrary,
many
when
shutters
to cover the
define
the house
as
Colonial.
Invariably
window
if
so desired.
240
CONCLUSIONS
The predominant
styles
used
some
found
in
each of the
five
is dis-
major regions
would
which are
however,
less frequently.
number
of seventeenth-
was
also
extended
at the
gable ends, but the overhang was never used on the rear of the house.
This
is
perhaps,
it
appears that
of the part of
this
New
artisans came.
The
241
manv
roof slope
Colonial.
The
is still
that of the
New England.
New England
THE
ILLUSTRATED
GUIDE TO
THE HOUSES
OF AMERICA
225.
flat
The Dutch colonists in New York and New Jersey also left their
mark on the early architecture of the new country. The characteristic
most closely associated with the Dutch Colonial house (Fig, 225) is
its
rather
flat
out over a porch along the front of the house. The attic area was
Many homes
lines of their
namesakes. Too often, the need for added second-floor space has
caused the designer to change the conformation of the roof with the
result that the
The use
is
region have been carefully traced and their influence on current work
On
is
a different
some
defined.
The
have
little
to
predominant
architecture
seem
to
be
clearly
means the
contemporary
specific characteristics),
classified as
have had
contemporary.
is
evident.
242
and
at
in var-
Around the
design, which
last
name
I call
the one-
came extremely popular ( Fig. 226 This name derives from the form
of house that falls somewhere between the typical one-and-a-halfstory and the two-story house-rthus the one-and-three-quarter house.
)
utilized,
is
full
second
floor of the
both sloped upward from the level of the plate of the outside wall,
which
is
from three
to five feet
in
above the
some instances
windows
low windows
Full-sized
floor.
small,
are
are
used along the side walls. Presumably this form evolved from the desire
to
make
useful.
a dimension
feet,
The form
is
sometimes used
as a
wing on
form
226.
is
seldom used
in
second
floor,
in the Midwest,
although the ceilings are sloped.
uti-
CONCLUSIONS
THE
ILLUSTRATED
GUIDE TO
THE HOUSES
OF AMERICA
a one-story unit.
is
to balloon-frame the
availability of longer
house
decline.
its
Reduced
From
The style is ongoing and still dehave not been frozen or stereotyped.
fundamentally executed in wood; the roofs are generally
veloping and
It is
a style
its
characteristics
broad and of relatively low slope with wide overhangs; the plans
are asymmetric
There
is
Both regions
it
itself.
styles
of
many
of
of the country
own. Perhaps
their
complete in
is
as the
The execution
any
of
style
is
The most
is
style; excellent
Good
site,
plus appropriate provision for the needs of the occupant of the house.
which any
my
book
will in-
patterns,
will influence
low- and
is
new and
During
this
period
new household
new
highs
as the
of
units,
many
of
which
will
be of the garden-apartment
variety.
244
"empty
this
nesters.
group
With
"
their children
will return to
of
this
Much
same
of the
sort of reasoning,
land costs, will account for the resurgence and growing importance
of the
town house
bination with
all
is
and
styling provide
good looks
com-
in
many new
tional housing,
ally
"
many
will eventu-
instances, to
quality housing.
Finally, a
will
be
much
built.
be
be
who
many
appropriate precedents in
Some
group
aflFected
town housing.
to serve this
find
households as compared
will consequently
How
total
historical
styles
way most
of
housing.
attractively in
contemporary approach
be planned
for
new
245
new
architecture of tomorrow.
conclusions
GLOSSARY
A
ADOBE.
with
form
firing.
made from
of brick
Common
in
earth
BEAM.
southwestern United
erally
A
of
wood,
or
steel,
States.
ALCOVE.
opening,
large recess in a
room (extend-
member genwhen
door or window
horizontal structural
it is
known
concrete;
as lintel.
BOND.
APRON.
raised
Also trim
under projecting
ARCADE.
or columns.
is
member immediately
interior
sill
or stool.
BOW WINDOW.
formed
bay
or
window,
oriel
shape of a horizontal
in the
A member
BRACE.
make
a framework or truss to
on
it
BRIDGING.
ASHLAR.
A form of masonry.
A court in the interior, open
Roman
sky. Originally in
to the
of a series of upright
which supports
mem-
a handrail or capping to
form a balustrade.
stairs,
races, etc.
(speculative)
aissance architecture in
which the
late
form of Renself-im-
owned
builder.
BUTTRESS.
it,
for ex-
or to support a
roof,
CANOPY.
BASEBOARD.
joints.
A window
line,
hood
it
CANTILEVER.
horizontal
member
that over-
BAY.
BAY WINDOW.
yond the wall
that
elaborately ornamented.
at
See skirting.
Narrow
heavy beam
point.
is
relaxed.
247
HoUSCS
HOUSING.
an unknown buyer on
BAROQUE ARCHITECTURE.
down
and
stiffen
by the
The
BALUSTRADE.
floor
One
distorting
the roof.
BUILDER
houses.
Braces
rigid.
struction.
BATTEN.
cur\'e,
bers
bond
BALUSTER.
or
ATRIUM.
being carried
tance beyond
CAP, CAPITAL.
its
dis-
point of support.
en-
and
pilaster only.
THE
ILLUSTRATED
GUIDE TO
THE HOUSES
OF AMERICA
Carolean architecture.
CORNICE.
century
entablature;
until
member
at the
CASEMENT.
and
CASTELLATED.
CA\TTY WALL.
gen-
ofiF
The
The
fireplace
and
CHIMNEY
The moldcd
CAP.
finish to the
structurc, containing
or
the room.
ornamented
CHIMNEY
of the
POT.
flue,
chimney
used
a floor be-
and ground.
CLTRTAiL STEP.
an archi-
tect or designer.
CLASSICAL
COLLAR BEAM.
horizontal structural
mem-
DENTIL.
to close
Types:
etc.
off rain,
slop-
row
of small rectangular
The
of a
Ionic
One
rafters.
is
joists
stack.
CLAPBOARD.
its
access.
CUPOLA.
"flue."
of
face.
CHIMNEY. The channel or funnel over a fireplace or combustion chamber to carry off the
products of combustion, including smoke; that
part of it which projects above the roof; a
for ex-
on a larger scale,
in some timber-
by cutting
surfaces,
or,
framed houses.
CRA\^T. SPACE.
surface obtained
CHIMNEY BREAST.
two
disguising an overhang, as
surface.
meeting of walls
CHAIR RAIL.
CHAMFER.
COVE.
of a cornice, joining
at the
ceiling.
rant,
like a castle.
the projecting
Late Stuart.
See window.
of the classical
A member
flush,
248
tern.
DRIP.
gypsum dry
which is usually
%" or /z" thick with gypsum core and heavy
paper surfaces, and accepts paint or wallpaper; it is also manufactured with prefiiiished surfaces to simulate wood, etc.
wall
is
FASCIA.
shape or pat-
vertical
rain-water gutter.
The
earliest
The overhang
of a roof
beyond the
When
or
member
between roof
surfaces, at
window
heads,
FOOTINGS.
the roof
band
flat
narrow
FLASHING.
tions
pointed arches.
FILLET.
is
EAVES.
wall,
ings
A window
FANLIGHT.
walls, piers,
negligible.
is
"soffit."
tion
is
visible
EAVES CORNICE.
comice formed
at eaves
extending beyond the edge of the sloping roof and often containing a rainwater
level,
gutter in
its
upper
part.
and relationship
gable.
(triangular shape)
of
little
gambrel ROOF.
249
gable.
Georgian architecture. Generally the period from George I to the Regency. See
Regency architecture.
GIRDER.
beams
strong
or joists
GLAZING.
The
beam
supporting
other
windows,
Double glazing:
of glass in
that
FACADE.
of a roof, as distin-
its
parts.
end
insulating glass.
GLOSSARY
THE
ILLUSTRATED
GUIDE TO
THE HOUSES
OF AMERICA
style
in-
cal architecture.
make rapid
gutter,
and conveying
it
material,
usually
mineral
to reduce heat
transfer.
JACK RAFTER.
in hip roofs.
jalousie,
arranged to exclude rain while admitting air. Often made of glass slats in metal
slats
frame.
to
to
it
INSULATION.
the side
it;
(or "cheek")
of a fireplace
opening.
ground.
LANDING.
panels
masonry
of
stucco).
The lower
masonry such
stories or
as stonework,
with
covered
(often
stories
are
usually
of
head.
Upper
window,
part of a door,
of an opening in a wall.
The meeting
ing,
dormer,
windows
is
wall
formed
of
The modcm
two "withes,"
stability,
LEADED GLAZING.
The
windows
filling-iu of
air
masonry with
space between.
To
openings
two-inch
sides
of a
in the
a similar structure
to
LIGHT.
one of
The
obtain
horizontal structural
member
ten-inch
LINTEL.
which
LANTERN.
stair.
etc.
HIPPED ROOF.
flights
for
a pitched roof, at
between two
etc.,
frame.
HIP.
level space
LOGGIA.
or walking,
erally
covered arcade or
regular intervals
by metal wall
ties.
Hollow
needed.
MANSARD ROOF.
from
all
gambrel.
up
250
the upper.
in a
MUNTiN.
window
or door.
NEWEL.
An
wooden
staircase into
and
The
joint
shallow
profile
at the
MODERN ARCHITECTURE.
which
In
Strict
of
flat
or low-sloped roofs,
treatment,
Easily recognized:
spaces.
More
based on the
MODL'LE.
broadly,
contemporary,
not
traditional.
A unit
ing
wall,
buttress, etc.,
architectural
manner
placement of a
of
in the
the
NOSING.
pier,
which
of the tread of a
the
riser.
rationalization
SeUSC,
in
severity
recess
when brought
architecture in
in a
NICHE.
step
MITRE.
member
upright structural
ficial stone.
glass
and standardization
of
Palladian ARCHITECTURE.
The
basic English
Italian
mal three-part grouping of the house comprising the main central block with portico
and two often widely spaced wings connected
to it by single-story passages, screens, or
colonnades; the use of a large order (usually
waste.
two principal
MOLDING.
The manipulation
or
working
of
a pedestal;
in the spaces
MULLiON.
An
ber dividing a
251
of a
PARAPET.
low wall
at the
generallv formed bv an
edge of a
roof,
upward extension
of
PARGiNG.
off
PARQUETRY.
pieces of
PAVILION.
window
fagade of the
between
ing an entablature,
mem-
or "lights," each of
into panes.
on the surface
or ceiling.
of the
stories
Geometrical
hardwood
PEDESTAL.
vase, etc.,
is
to
pattern
form a
of
thin
floor.
GLOSSARY
THE
ILLUSTRATED
GUIDE TO
THE HOUSES
OF AMERICA
column
plinth,
and
its
One
RAFTER.
rising
from eaves
to ridge
upon
Regency architecture.
that
it,
The
PEDIMENT.
end
is,
of a
acteristic
solid vertical
mass
of columns.
erally expressed as
an angle or as a
ratio be-
(i)
Derived from
today.
The top
RIDGE.
an
acute angle.
The
RISER.
material forming
the next in a
ROCOCO.
steepness of a sloping roof, gen-
kinds:
form.
shape.
The
Two
of walling be-
PITCH.
French
it,
stair.
in feeling; a
ROOF.
Drawing
PLAN.
terior
PLATE.
horizontal
member
at the top of
joints.
horizontal
beam
in a roof
which
tile
used
Queen Anne
ROOF TRUSS.
weight
way
of a roof covering
the pressure of
may be
supported on walls,
piers,
or indi-
roughly
shaped
vidual stanchions.
RUBBLE.
Uncut
stone
or
style.
of
SHINGLE.
Many
and
wall
Georgian.
QUOIN.
Bricks
or
stones
forming exterior
phasized.
as
and
houses.
QUARREL.
QUARRY
to support the
em-
finish.
Sawn-wood
cement, fiber
made
side-
more
Num-
of asbestos, asphalt,
252
SILL.
VALLEY.
member,* generally
bottom of
a wall or partition where it meets the floor
as a protective finish.
ing side.
VAULT.
SKIRTING.
a thin
horizontal
wooden board,
fixed to the
SOFFIT.
surface.
SPAN.
VERTICAL BOARD.
wood members
The framed-up
STAIRCASE.
stair
and supported by
Many
as desired.
structure
known
of
risers let
as strings,
with or without
balustrades.
One
STUD.
of the vertical
stand on the
head
sill
wooden
roof
or
ceiling
con-
or sole plate
of a
applied vertically.
When
in-
redwood
matched (tongue
and grooved) or covered with battens. Also
simulated by using patterned sheets four
feet wide of plywood, hardboard, or metal
(board and batten siding).
or cedar. Joints are often
posts that
arched
The
wooden
An
Victorian architecture.
past
of
styles
and
conglomeration
embelhshments
they aroused, an out-
their
aluminum.
age.
TERRAZzo.
floors
in
and
ground
then
produce
WAINSCOT.
An
early
name
for the
wooden
smooth,
to
polished surface.
its
peak
Tudor architecture.
Architecture of the
time of Tudor monarchs, 1485-1603, in which
magnificence. Grouped windows,
height.
of
many chim-
in
common
which the
glazed frame
open outward, and the double-hung vertical sliding window. In the latter, a pair of
glazed sashes slide up and down in front of
each other. Other forms of windows: picture
windows, jalousie windows, sliding windows,
projected windows, and awning windows.
tics.
TURRET.
ii53
to
is
GLOSSARY
ILLUSTRATION
CREDITS
Houses of the South
55.
56.
Preface
photo.
1.
57.
Home
of Mr.
58.
Atlanta
59.
60.
2.
Home
3.
of Mr.
and Mrs.
I.
Wilen, Atlanta
61.
Home
Home
Home
Home
Home
Home
Home
of
of
J.
A. Black
Guy H.
Schull
of Alvin B. Gates,
of
Neal C. Peavy
of
Ben
of Dr.
P.
Jr.
Duke
of Paul A.
Jones
Thomas
Dillon
Library of Congress
4.
5.
6.
Ga.
Preface
photo.
10.
14-23.
Home
Home
62.
lake Terrace,
63.
Home
42.
Home
of
64.
65.
Atlanta
66.
Hedrich-Blessing,
photographer,
Chi-
Home
of Mr.
graph
50.
51.
52.
54.
-00
Home
Home
Pearson,
Belle-
photographer,
68.
John Anderson,
Mie,
70.
71.
72.
73.
74.
75-76.
Ed-
Stratford, photographer.
Mount-
General William R.
77-78.
Courtesy, Better
79-80.
John
81.
George Hollowa\-
of Richard L. Hull
82-85.
Anderson,
Homes
6-
Gardens
photographer.
Belle-
Wash.
of Dr.
Belle-
Wash.
\'ue,
Wood-
architects
photographer,
land, \Mish.
of R. A. Siegel
of
R.
69.
A modern
Home
Home
Chas.
Wash.
John Anderson & Assoc,
ward
53.
Chi-
Wash.
Hugh
architect, Atlanta.
49.
67.
graph
48.
photographer,
lake Terrace,
cago
46.
Storey,
monds, Wash.
Atlanta
47.
Ellsworth
Hedrich-Blessing,
vue.
of Mr.
Atlanta.
45.
Wash.
Cottages,
cago
40.
4344.
Storey
architect
25-26,
30-39.
Wm.
Wash.
&
THE
ILLUSTRATED
GUIDE TO
THE HOUSES
OF AMERICA
86-87.
Hugh
Wash.
House, John
157-160.
88-95.
C.
Paris
Anderson
&
161162.
97-102.
103-105.
106.
164166.
167-168.
Julius
Shulman,
photographer,
Los
Shulman,
photographer,
Angeles
Moines
b-
Chi-
Register
photographer,
Des
Courtesv,
173-176.
Moines
Hedrich-Blessing,
6-
Chi-
Register
141-142.
Shulman,
Leitch,
Beach, Calif.
Shulman,
Julius
Angeles
Richard Leitch,
Beach, Calif.
Shulman,
Julius
Angeles
photographer,
architect,
Hedrich-Blessing,
186-189.
Los
Shulman,
Chi-
Chi-
Homes
architect. Courtesy,
Homes
ir
Gardens
190-204.
205-206.
Los
Newport
214-215.
Los
216.
photographer,
photographer,
John D. Bloodgood,
Better
213.
photographer,
photographer,
cago
207-212.
architect,
6-
Register
179.
Newport
photographer,
Moines
Hedrich-Blessing,
180-185.
cago
Caldwell and Cook, builders, Rochester,
N. Y.
Richard Averill Smith, photographer,
Levittown, N. Y.
Ezra Stoller, photographer, Mamaroneck, N. Y.
Chi-
Tribune
photo.
Calif.
Angeles
Richard
photographer,
cago
Julius
138-140.
Des
Courtesy,
Ariz.
150-156.
photographer,
Hedrich-Blessing,
178.
120.
149.
Register
Tribune
177.
146148.
Des
Courtesy,
169.
Los
119.
144-145.
Moines
cago
Julius
143.
Des
Courtesy,
Tribune
107-116.
137.
Chi-
cago
117-118.
136.
6-
cago
Angeles
132-135.
Register
photographer,
Hedrich-Blessing,
172.
124.
Moines
Tribune
Preface
125-131.
Chi-
cago
122-123.
Des
Courtesy,
Hedrich-Blessing,
163.
170-171.
photo.
photographer,
Tribune
Assoc., architects
96.
Hedrich-Blessing,
cago
lake Terrace,
Los
Angeles
217-219.
220-221.
N.
J.
New
York
towTi, N. Y.
222-223.
Courtesv, Better
Homes 6 Gardens
Hedrich-Blessing,
cago
photographer,
Chi-
Conclusions
All sketches
by Rudard A. Jones
256
INDEX
Acoma
116-117
in
examples, 221-2^3
in Northwest, 63-64, 244
examples, 67-106
Alexandria, Va., 7
Annapolis, Va., 7
Apartments, 245
Arches over windows
as characteristic of
in
WiUiamsburg
style,
10,
202-203
Northeast,
in
35
in
Cornices, Williamsburg, 10
examples, 38, 56
Courtyards
Contemporary, in Midwest, 162
Mission st>-le, in Southwest, 118
Cubistic houses,
Van Evera, 63
Bailey,
90
Deerfield, Mass.,
Bay Region
BluSs,
Brick
Style,
108, 122
styles,
uses
108, 109
Cape Cod
styles,
ff.
French style, 13
example, 48
characteristic height in Greek Revival, 6
characteristic
in
257
57
South, 3
201, 241
ff.,
57
Wilhamsburg, 10
example of, 27
Doors and doorways; specific
characteristic
typical Georgian,
See also
areas, styles
in
65
influence,
34, 56
Entranceways
27
Chicago, 111., 160, 161, 173
Chimneys, 218, 225, 229
in Cape Cod style, examples, 209, 223
in French style, example, 55
in Garrison house, 241
7, 8,
Victorian house,
style, 9,
in
Williamsburg
in Northeast,
example of adaptation, 24
Georgian houses, 8
in Greek Revival houses, 6
examples, 20, 55, 167
Dormer windows
in Cape Cod style, 222
and French influence, 57, 221
in Georgian style, 8, 30
Ceilings
in
244
Georgian st>le, 8
Drake, Gordon, residence of, 149
Drops, hand-carved in Garrison house, 241
Dutch influence (and Dutch Colonial), ix
in Northeast, 201, 214, 242
Columns
xi,
in
Williamsburg st>le, 11
example, 40
Chippendale stair rail, 45
Cody, WiUiam, 144
Colonial st>'les, ix, 5, 239-240, 245
in Midwest, 160-161, 242-243
in Northeast, 201-202, 240 flF.
See also specific styles
96
Double doors
and French
C,
109,
in
200-201
Charleston, S.
10
Desert architecture,
examples, 126 ff.
French influence, 12
characteristic of Georgian town houses, 7-8
characteristic of Williamsburg style, 9, 10
example, 35
development and use in Midwest, 158
example, 168
characteristic of
209
Dentils, Williamsburg,
Farmhouse
style
201
Florida,
242
French influence,
ix
201, 221
in South, 4, 12-13, 16, 46-48
examples, 53-54, 57
in Southwest, 109
in Northeast,
THE
ILLUSTRATED
GUIDE TO
THE HOUSES
OF AMERICA
Mansard roofs
Contemporary northwestern, 83
153
Fuller, Buckminster,
Gambrel roofs
Dutch Colonial, 214, 222, 242
Williamsburg, 10, 37
Garages
243
202
Gill,
Irving,
108
Windows;
Gothic Revival,
specific styles
159
202
example, 216
in South, 4, 5-6
examples, 2, 16, 17, 20-24, 55, 57
in Southwest, example, 113
Greene and Greene, 108
Gropius, Walter, 14, 49
characteristic Williamsburg,
New
New
New
107
Pueblo, 116-117
Jersey,
Norris,
49
Japanese influence
in Northwest, 64, 77
in Southwest, 108
Jones, Robert, 119, 120
Ornamentation
characteristic
House, 114
108
in Northwest, 76
in Southwest, 109
example, 121
See also Japanese influence
Palladian windows, 8, 30-31
Pahn
87
Lanterns, Williamsburg, 1
Lighting and light fixtures
Calif.,
140
13
Pacific
201
French-influenced,
Greek Revival, 5
examples, 21
characteristic
Pacific style,
(Seattle), 75,
Heruy
Lake Washington
242
house by, 54
158
International style
Los Angeles,
158-159
in South, 14,
11
164
Industrial Revolution,
38
Moldings
Kitchens,
Modillions, 10,
Nails,
influence, 12, 56
Greek Revival, 57
Hollywood Hills, Calif., 138
"Home of the West," 143-144
"Home Sweet Home," 211
Housing Act of 1968, 244
Acoma
124-125
in
Indians,
178-180
Hip roofs, 47
and French
Illinois,
161,
Mantelpieces
French-influenced southern, 57
French-influenced, 13
See also Fireplaces
Manufactured (prefabricated) housing,
Massachusetts
houses illustrated, 209-210
See also Cape Cod styles
Maybeck, Bernard, 108, 122
Mediterranean style
in South, 242
in Southwest, 109, 123
Springs, Calif.,
144-145
Paneling
characteristic Williamsburg,
11
See also specific areas, styles
Pasadena, Calif., 108, 111
Patios
New
258
Pediments
8
style,
characteristic of Williamsburg, 9
^
styles
65
Wilhamsburg, 10
example, 39
Port Townsend, Wash., 62
Post-Colonial, see Georgian (Federal)
Prairie houses, 160, 173
Victorian,
Prefabricated
INDEX
Siding
Georgian
characteristic of
(manufactured) housing,
examples, 33, 56
See also specific areas, styles
Small Homes Council, xii,^44
"Southern Colonial," 5
Southern houses, x, 3-60, 242
examples, 16-57
Southwestern houses, x-xi, 107-156, 244
examples, 110-153
Spanish influence, ix, 107-108
examples, 114, 119, 133
Spice rack. Contemporary, 72
Spring Green, Wise, 160, 174
Stairs
(stair
stairways)
rails,
161,
178-180
Georgian, 8, 207
examples, 29, 32
Williamsburg, 1
examples, 4445
Stick style,
112
62
Storey, Ellsworth,
Queen Anne
style,
Quoins
French-influenced, 13
Georgian, 8, 220
Storey Cottages, 62
Straub, Calvin C, xi, 126, 127
Stucco
Contemporary
in
French-influenced,
12
Georgian style, 7
Monterey architecture, 114
Sullivan, Louis, 160
Swedes, influence of, ix
Symmetry, 4
in Greek Revival, 5, 6, 22
in
Ranch-style houses
in
in Northeast,
style,
202
in South, Georgian
Roofs and roofing
style,
7,
Tovm
characteristic
characteristic French-influenced,
houses, see
12
4, 9,
Row
characteristic Georgian, 4, 8
characteristic Greek Revival, 4
10
in
202
in Southwest,
traditional southern, 4
211
example, 33
See also Roofs and roofing; specific areas, styles
Shutters,
240
Williamsburg, 9
example, 35
259
Wallpaper, Williamsburg, 11
Walls, see specific areas, styles
Washington, D. C, 7
Wheeler, Gervase, 158
Williamsburg style, 4, 5, 8-11
examples, 19, 33-45, 56
French-influenced,
examples, 56, 57
Georgian, 8
examples, 30-31
12
characteristic
Henry, 62
Yesler Mill,
62
of,
227-228
243
Richard M. Ballinger has long been a student of the housing industry. With a background in mechanical engineering and architecture,
he has for the past seventeen years been in the publishing field, where
his work has been closely related to housing. First with House and
Home, then Time, Inc., publications, he has been a marketing manager
for Better Homes 6 Gardens for the last nine years. His activities have
given him an intimate knowledge of the fields of housing, architecture,
construction, and building products. He is a member of the National
Housing Council, the marketing committee of the National Association
of Home Builders, and the board of directors of the National Home
Improvement Council, and he has recently been engaged as a consultant in low- and middle-income housing by conventional builders
and home manufacturers. He and his wife, Nancy, live in Wilton, Connecticut, and his two children, June and Chuck, are away at college.
260
(continued from front flap)
last
He
fourteen years.
prehensive
residential
design
of
on houses of
the Southwest.
the
Homes and
home
staff
work
for
cli-
ents.
RuDARD A.
Jones,
concluding chapter to
who
provides a
this
volume and
offers his
in housing,
Herman York,
ume who
homes
than any other man in America
about 300,000 now live in York
designed
more
single-family
houses.
Editor
engineering
facturers.
Bloodgood, architeci
content;
Introduction
Richard M. Ballinger
Henry D. Norris
John Anderson
Houses
of the
Southwest
Richard R. Leitch
Houses
of the
Midwest
John
Houses
of the Northeast
Rudard A.Jones
Glossary
Credits
Index
^l^s^B-x. ^^^_^^^PTt
288
illustrations, including
Bloodgood
Herman York
Conclusions
Illustration
D.
plans