Pediatric Surgery Quiz

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What is this anomaly
a. Umbilical granuloma
b. Colostomy
c. Umbilical sepsis
d. Patent vitellointestinal duct
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What does this
depict
a.Peripheral smear
b.Stool microscopy
c. Karyotype
d.Barr body
Name this lesion
a. Meningocele
b. Meningomyelocele
c. Encephalocele
d. Lipoma
e. kyphosis
CSF leaves the ventricular
system through
a. Foramen of monroe
b. Aperture of helen
c. Foramina of luschka
d. Epiploic foramen
This tumor in a four
year old is likely to
be
a. Neuroblastoma
b. Wilms’ tumor
c. Gravitz tumor
d. Hodgkin’s disease
e. Non-hodgkin’s
lymphoma
He developed a
operation for
congenital
megacolon
a. Dr Kulkarni
b. Dr. Swenson
c. Dr.Soave
d. Dr.Abdul Kadir
khan
2 Name
1
the
lesions
3 4
He pioneered
neonatal surgery in
the US
a. Dr Swenson
b. Dr Richards Lyon
c. Dr Ladd
d. Dr Mayo
What is this lesion
a. lobe of asterix
b. caput medusae
c. cava piriformis
d.conus medullaris
These drawings depict different
forms of
a. duodenal atresia
b. intestinal atresia
c. anorectal malformations
d. esophageal atresia with
tracheoesophageal fistula
Identify
a. William
Osler
b.William
Shakespeare
c. John Hunter
d.John Major
What condition is being depicted?
a. inguinal hernia
b. femoral hernia
c. diphragmatic hernia
d. hernia of the lung
Lower end of the
shunt is
Inserted in the
1. Pleural cavity
2. Peritoneal cavity
3. Gall bladder
4. Urinary bladder
Six year old girl
presenting with
fever, jaundice and
white stools
This is the ERCP image
The diagnosis is
1. Gallstones
2. Bile duct stones
3. Choledocal cyst
4. Biliary atresia
This slide shows different forms of
1. Variations in gall bladder and bile

duct anatomy
2. Variations in liver anatomy
3. Varieties of choledocal cysts
4. Variations in positions of appendix
Thickening of
pyloric
muscle is
seen in
1. Peptic
ulcer
2. Duodenal
ulcer
3. Pyloric
stenosis
4. Gastro-
esophageal
reflux
This anomaly
should be
repaired at
1. Birth
2. 3 months
3. One year
4. Five years
This picture shows a baby with
1.Umbilical hernia
2.Paraumbilical hernia
3.Exomphalos major
4.Exomphalos minor
5.Umbilical polyp
Absence of left testis from scrotum or
undescended testis requires repair at
1. Birth
2. Whenever patient becomes symptomatic
3. At 6 months
4. At one year
5. At 5 years
Double bubble in
abdomen
indicates
a.Normal anatomy
b.Pyloric stenosis
c. Duodenal
obstruction
d.malrotation
This child with exomphalos major being
treated in aurangabad should be
1. Repaired immediately, ventilated, given

total parenteral nutrition
2. Repaired, ventilated
3. Repaired and bowel should be resected
4. Treated conservatively
This anomaly in
girls requires
1. Colostomy
2. Perineal repair
immediately
3. Perineal repair
at 6 months
4. No treatment
Name the
procedure
Name the
procedure
What is wrong with this patient
1. Congenital hydrocephalus
2. Tuberculous meningitis
3. Brain tumor
4. encephalocele
This illness requires
1.Application of pressure bandage

2.Wearing of scrotal support
3.Immediate surgery
4.Elective surgery
Gharpure hospital
This anomaly in a one year old child requires
1. Immediate repair
2. Antibiotics
3. Repeated aspirations
4. Elective repair
G
H
A
R
P
U
R
E
H
O
S
P
I
T
A
L
Hypospadias requires repair at
1. Immediately at birth
2. When baby is 6 months old
3. When baby weighs at least 20 kg
4. When baby is around 1.5 year old and
weighs 10 kg
This anomaly in a
male requires
1. Perineal repair
2. Colostomy
3. No intervention
4. Urethral
cathetarization
Gharpure hospital
The treatment for meckel’s
diverticulum is
1.Wedge resection
2.Resection and end to end
anastomosis
3.Inversion of the diverticulum
4.Masterly inactivity
This newborn baby is bringing out froth from
mouth
Catheter can not be passed beyond 10 cm
from gum margin
The diagnosis is
1. Esophageal atresia
2. Pharyngeal stenosis
3. Laryngeal stenosis
4. Carcinoma esophagus
Air in pleural
cavity requires
1. Antibiotics
2. Aspiration
3. Aspiration and
ICD if
Necessary
4. No treatment
5. thoracotomy
This patient with bilateral
undescended testes and a well
developed penis needs the following
investigation
1.Karyotype
2.Hemogram
3.Genitogram
4.Chest x-ray
This patient with bilateral descended
testes and severe hypospadias requires
which of the following investigations
1. X-ray abdomen
2. X-ray pelvis
3. Genitogram
4. Karyotype
5. HCG stimulation test
Downward
curvature of
penis is called
1. Hypospadias
2. Epispadias
3. Normospadias
4. chordee
This child with
anal stenosis
requires
1. Colostomy
2. Cutback
3. Anoplasty
4. dilatation
This child is passing meconeum from a
narrow opening in perineum
What investigations are required to
determine immediate management plan
1. X-ray abdomen
2. Invertogram
3. X-ray chest
4. Abdominal sonography
5. None of the above
This child has undergone a
procedure for bilateral cleft lip
may require what additional
procedures
1.Pharyngoplasty
2.Palatoplasty
3.Uvuloplasty
4.Sub-mucous resection of septum
Visible peristalsis in epigastrium;
in a one month old male who is
vomiting milk means
1.Gastroesophageal reflux
2.Congenital hypertrophic pyloric
stenosis
3.Duodenal obstruction
4.Feeding intolerance
This child has
1. Crouzon’s
syndrome
2. Apert syndrone
3. Down’s syndrome
4. Marfan syndrome
5. Cushing syndrome
This five year old boy
with soft cystic
transilluminant neck
tumor has
1. Lymph node
enlargement
2. Multinodular goitre
3. Cystic hygroma
4. Filariasis
5. Branchial cyst
This child with cystic
hygroma needs the
following
1. CT scan of the neck

2. MRI scan of the
neck
3. X-ray neck and
surgical excision
4. Conservative
therapy
Identify the
anomaly
1. Craniosynost
osis
2. Meningocele
3. Lipoma
4. encephalocele
This child with exomphalos major
should be evaluated for
1.Beckwith-wideman syndrome
2.Abnormalities of glucose
metabolism
3.Congenital heart disease
4.Congenital anomalies of the
urinary tract
Identify
1. Hypospadias
2. Epispadias
3. Phimosis
4. Exstrophy
bladder
Identify
1. Cavernous
hemangioma
2. Strawberry
mark
3. Nevus
4. Capillary
hemangioma
5. Repaired
Cleft lip
This girl with
hemangioma
needs
1. Surgical excision
2. Trial of steroids
3. Laser ablation
4. Injection of
boiling water
This girl with
hemangioma
needs
1. Surgical excision
2. Trial of steroids
3. Local steroids
4. Injection of
boiling water
5. Laser ablation
This three month old male with bilateral
reducible inguinoscrotal swellings
should
1. Be observed
2. Undergo simultaneous repair of both
hernias
3. Repair of individual hernias
4. Application of pressure dressing for 6
months
This boy with obstructed inguinal
hernia requires
a.Observation
b.Taxis and attempt at manual
reduction
c. Manual reduction under anesthesia
d.Immediate surgery
This boy with bilateral large hernias
requires
1.bilateral herniotomy
2. Left herniotomy and right
herniorrhaphy
3.Bilateral herniorrhaphy
4.Bilateral hernioplasty
This child with bilateral
large inguinal hernias
should be evaluated for
1. Mucopolysaccharoidosis
2. Klinefelter syndrome
3. Turner syndrome
4. Cri-du-chat syndrome
Identify
1.Exomphalos minor
2.Exomphalos intermediate
3.Exomphalos major
4.Umbilical hernia
5.Paraumbilical hernia
This six month old child with
irreducible umbilical hernia is
likely to undergo
1.Mayo’s repair
2.Bassini’s repair
3.Repair
4.Millard’s repair
Identify
1.Penoscrotal hypospadias
2.Epispadias
3.Phimosis
4.Normal anatomy
This girl with low anorectal
malformation needs
a.Colostomy
b.Cutback and asarp
c. Abdominoperineal pullthrough
d.dilatations
This boy with a small opening in
perineum which is discharging
meconeum has
a. Anal stenosis
b.Rectourethral fistula
c. Rectovesical fistula
d.Rectoprostatic fistula
What operation has
been done on this
patient
1. Transverse
colostomy
2. Sigmoid colostomy
3. Ileostomy
4. Creation of
laparoscopy port
5. gastrostomy
This child with inability to pass stools
since birth, distended abdomen, and
failure to thrive has
a. Hypothyroidism
b.Short bowel syndrome
c. Congenital megacolon
d.Long bowel syndrome
e. Malabsorption syndrome
This child with
megacolon
needs
a. Colostomy
b.Colostomy and
pullthrough
c. Pullthrough
d.Anal dilatation
After the two meningoceles are
surgically excised, this child is
likely to develop
a.Hydrocephalus
b.Hydronephrosis
c. Hypospadias
d.Paraplegia
e. quadriplegia
What is the likely diagnosis
a.meckel’s diverticulum
b.Umbilical granuloma
c.Umbilical sepsis
d.Patent vitellointestinal duct
What is the diagnosis
a. External Piles
b.Internal piles
c. Fissure
d.Prolapse
e. Polyp
f. Carcinoma rectum
a.External piles
b.Internal piles
c.Prolapse
d.Polyp
e.Carcinoma rectum
The typical appearance of this
child with bilateral renal
agenesis is known as
a.Harlequin appearance
b.Icthyosis
c.Potter’s facies
d.Risus sardonicus
a.Meningocele
b.Meningomyelocele
c. Encephalocele
d.Cerebrocele
e. Ventriculocele
f. corticocele
a.Encephalocele
b.Meningomyelocele
c.Lipoma
d.Spina bifida occulta
e.abscess
Identify the
lesion
a. Gluteal
abscess
b. Meningomyelo
-cele
c. Spina bifida
occulta
d. Lipoma
e. neurofibroma
This child who was
unable to feed at
birth has
undergone
Thoracotomy for
a. Tracheal stenosis
b. Esophageal
atresia
c. Patent ductus
arteriosus
d. Mitral stenosis
a.Meningomyelocele
b.Lipoma
c.Teratoma
d.neurofibroma
a.Double meningocele
b.Teratoma
c.Meningocele and teratoma
d.lipoma
This child with a large sarcoma in neck
underwent excision and required two units
blood transfusions
What additional treatment may be required
considering the large amount of blood
transfused
a. Gamma globulins
b. Calcium gluconate
c. Cryoprecipitate
d. Fresh frozen plasma
e. Platelet transfusion
This large wilms’ tumor has been
removed.what additional treatment the
patient may require
a. No treatment
b.Kidney transplant
c. Chemotherapy
d.Chemotherapy and radiotherapy
e. Bone marrow transplant
This girl with a large wilms’ tumor in
left kidney is about to undergo
surgery.
What is the preferred approach?
a. Lumbotomy
b.Flank incision, extraperitoneal
c. Transperitoneal
d.Laparoscopic excision
e. Cystoscopic excision
This child underwent
excision of wilms’
tumor and did not
receive any additional
treatment
a. Encephaloele
b. Meningocele
c. Scalp secondaries
d. neurofibroma
This child with exomphalos major is
being treated conservatively
What is the best local application
a.Tincture iodine
b.Betadine
c. Spirit
d.Mercurochrome
e. Acriflavin
Identify
a.Newton
b.Galileo
c. Koch
d.Jenner
Identify this illustrious medical
family
a.Malphighi
b.Meckel
c.Mayo
d.Moynihan
e.Mahurkar
Identify
a.Osler
b.Virchow
c. McBurney
d.Cunningham
Identify
a.Wilms
b.Ramstedt
c. Hirschsprung
d.Deshpande
Identify
a. Henry Gray
b.Satoskar
c. Robins
d.Trandelenberg
Identify
a.Brodie
b.Paget
c.Wilms
d.rokitansky
Identify
a.Orvar
Swenson
b.Alberto Pena
c.Hardy
Hendren
d.Harold
Hirschsprung
This typical appearance of
skull on plain x-ray is called
a.Weather beaten appearance

b.Silver beaten appearance
c.Gold foil appearance
d.Paget’s disease of skull
This child with dysphagia
and vomiting has
a. Esophageal stricture
b. Esophageal stenosis
c. Achalasia cardia
d. Acid peptic disease
e. Gastroesophageal
reflux
This 3 day old child
vomiting bilious
fluid; not passed
meconeum; is
likely to have
a. Duodenal
obstruction
b. Jejunal
obstruction
c. Ileal obstruction
d. Imperforate anus
This 4 day old child
with double bubble
and duodenal
obstruction needs
a. Gastrojejunostomy
b. Duodeno-
jejunostomy
c. Duodeno-
dudenostomy
d. Gastrostomy
e. colostomy
This two day old child with high
jejunal obstruction needs
a.Gastrostomy
b.Resection and end to end
anastomosis
c. End to side anastomosis
d.Side to side anastomosis
e. Jejunostomy
This four year old girl presented with fever,
jaundice and pain.
Ct scan showed a large cystic structure
anterior to the kidney and under the liver
What is the likely diagnosis
a. Cholecystitis
b. Cholangitis
c. Choledocal cyst
d. Pseudopancreatic cyst
e. Renal cyst
a. Intestinal
obstruction
b. Pleural effusion
c. Free air under
diphragm
d. Cardiomegaly
e. hepatomegaly
So much air in
peritoneal
cavity suggests
a. Colonic
perforation
b. Ileal
perforation
c. Gastric
perforation
d. Duodenal
perforation
e. Bladder
perforation
After filling the
stomach with
barium some
barium was seen to
go back in esophagus.
This is known as
a. Acid peptic disease

b. Gastroesophageal
reflux
c. Gastric outlet
obstruction
d. Pyloric stenosis
e. Increased
intracranial tension
This investigation is done in a
child suspected to have
a.Congenital heart disease

b.Congenital megacolon
c.Imperforate anus
d.Intestinal obstruction
e.Cleft lip and palate
What is the
investigation
a. Urethrogra
m
b. Barium
meal and
follow
through
c. Barium
enema
d. Cologram
e. Myelogram
On filling the colon,
bladder also filled
up.
The patient has
a. Renal agenesis
b. Hydronephrosis
c. Colovesical fistula
d. Rectourethral
fistula
e. Rectovaginal
fistula
After sigmoid colostomy is done,
the retention catheter is kept for
a.Two days
b.Two weeks
c.Two months
d.Two fortnights
e.Two years
What is the
diagnosis
a. Bronchiectasis
b. Esophageal
atresia
c. Tracheal
stenosis
d. Pneumothorax
This 6 year old boy
with a long history
of repeated cough
and respiratory
infections has
Barium swallow has
been done
a. Chronic cough
b. Asthma
c. H-type
tracheoesophaeal
fistula
d. Esophageal atresia
Six year old boy
underwent
nephrectomy
developed swelling
after six months
What is the likely
diagnosis
a. Scalp
secondaries
b. Brain tumor
c. Meningocele
d. Encephalocele
e. hemangioma
Diagnosis?
a.Teratoma
b.Bladder
stones
c. Ureteric
stones
d.fecalomas
4 month old boy with
repeated urinary tract
infection and straining
during micturition
underwent MCU
Diagnosis?
a. Urethral stricture
b. Megacystic
c. Posterior urethral
valves
d. Hydroureter
This 1 month old
male with
posterior
urethral valves
and serum
creatining 2.4
should undergo
a. Cystoscopic
fulguration
b. Pyelostomy
c. Vesicostomy
d. Urethrostomy
e. urethroplasty
Mcu in this 1 year old boy indicates
a. Bilateral grade V reflux

b. Bilateral grade III reflux
c. Bilateral grade I reflux
d. Kidney stones
IVP in this 4 year
old boy shows
a. L.hydroureter
and
hydronephrosis
b. Hydroureter
c. Hydronephrosis
d. Normal renal
anatomy
Large bladder, large
ureter and dilated
pelvis.
What else is wrong
a. Absent right
kidney
b. Abdominal
bladder
c. Gas in intestines
d. Fecal matter in
intestines
Bilateral large kidneys
and dilated ureters
on IVP
What is the likely
diagnosis
a. Pelviureteric
junction obstruction
b. Ureteroceles
c. Ureteric stricture
d. Urethral stricture
e. Normal anatomy
This two month
old girl with a
major
congenital
anomaly
Which
a. Imperforate
anus
b. Esophageal
atresia
c. Ileal atresia
d. Exstrophy
bladder
Three month old
boy with ivp
What is the
diagnosis
a. Normal
anatomy
b. Kidney stone
c. Pelviureteric
junction
obstruction
d. Ureteric stone
Four month old with
bilateral
abdominal lumps
and spider like
pelvicalyceal
system
Diagnosis
a. Duplication of
collecting system
b. Normal anatomy
c. Solitary renal cyst
d. Multiple renal
cysts
Five year old girl with abdominal
pain and pus cells in urine has
this ivp picture
a.Kidney stone
b.Ureteric stone
c.Puj obstruction
d.ureterocele
Return of urine
from bladder
to ureter is
called
a. Gastroesophag
eal reflux
b. Vesicoureteric
reflux
c. Megaureter
d. Megacystic
e. megalourethra
Dilated urethra,
trabeculated
bladder
indicates
a. Posterior
urethral valves
b. Bladder
diverticulum
c. Urethral
stricture
d. Bladder neck
hypertrophy
This child with
posterior urethral
valves had this
finding on mcu
Diagnosis
a. Vesicoureteric
reflux
b. Urinoma
c. Pelviureteric
junction
obstruction
d. hydroureter
This newborn
girl presented
with a large
lump in
hypogastrium
Diagnosis
a. Hydrocele
b. Hydrometroco
lpus
c. Hematocolpus
d. Bladder
diverticulum
What is this
dilated
structure
a. Urethra
b.Pelvis
c. Ureter
d.rectum
Vesicoureteric
reflux greater
than grade III
requires
a. Antibiotics
alone
b. Surgical
treatment
c. No treatment
d. nephrectomy
What investigation is this
a.Barium meal
b.Barium meal and follow
through
c.Operative cholangiogram
d.Barium enema
Procedure of choice for
choledocal cyst is
a. Cystogastrostomy
b. Cystojejunostomy
c. Cyst excision and
Hepatico-docho
jejunostomy roux-
en-Y
d. cystoduodenostomy
Cyst excision is recommended in
choledocal cyst because
a.Surgery is simple
b.Bleeding is minimal
c. Risk of malignancy in cyst remnant
d.Risk of portal hypertension
Investigation of
choice in
choledocal cyst
is
a. CT scan
b. Sonography
c. ERCP
d. Operative
cholangiogram
e. Percutaneous
cholangiogram
What are the likely long term
complications for this child with
dilated bile ducts
a.Stone formation in bile ducts

b.Biliary cirrhosis
c. Portal hypertension
d.All the above
Identify the
investigation
a. Barium
meal
b.Barium
swallow
c. Ivp
d.Spleno-
porto-gram
Spleno-porto-gram is done for
evaluation of
a.Portal hypertension
b.Malaria
c. Kala azar
d.Hodgkin’s disease
e. lymphoma
Before CT scan this was a
investigation for evaluation of
brain tumors
a.x-ray skull
b.Carotid angiography
c. Pneumoventriculography
d.pneumoencephalography
Identify
a.Exomphalos major
b.Exomphalos minor
c.Gastroschisis
d.Umbilical hernia
e.colostomy
This fifteen year old
boy with acute
scrotal swelling
needs
a. Antibiotics
b.Scrotal
sonography
c. Ivp
d.Immediate
exploration
This anomaly of
testicular fixation is
known as
a. Bell clapper
deformity
b.Call bell deformity
c. Pendulum deformity
d.Wrist-watch
deformity
Passage of
meconeum per
urethra indicates
a. Rectourethral
fistula
b. Rectovaginal
fistula
c. Normal anatomy
d. Intestinal
obstruction
CSF
circulation
was
discovered
by
a. Mayo
b. Moynihan
c. Cushing
d. Dandy
e. Halstead
Treatment for hydrocephalus is
a.ventriculo-atrial shunt
b.Ventriculo-peritoneal shunt
c. Ventriculo-vesical shunt
d.Ventriculo-pleural shunt
e. Repeated tapping
f. Repeated lumbar puncture
Elongation of head in anteroposterior
direction is called
a. Plagiocephaly
b.Brachycephaly
c. Dolicocephaly
d.Occicephaly
e. Scaphocephaly
f. Turricephaly
Diagnosis
a. Cranio-
pharyngioma
b. Cranio-
synostsosis
c. Microcephaly
d. Megalo-
cephaly
Bony spur within a vertebra is
called
a.Spina bifida
b.Diplomyelia
c.Diastematomyelia
d.meningocele
Diagnosis
a. Consolidation
b. Empyema
c. Bronchiectasis
d. pneumothorax
Diagnosis
a. Congenital
lobar
emphysema
b. Pneumothorax
c. Pleural
effusion
d. Cystic
adenomatoid
malformation
This foreign body should be
removed by
a.Chest physiotherapy
b.Nebulization and chest
physiotherapy
c.Right bronchoscopy
d.Flexible bronchoscopy
What is wrong with this
patient
a.Pneumothorax
b.Pneumonia
c.Congenital lung cyst
d.Pulmonary collapse
Diagnosis
a. Diphragmatic
hernia
b.Eventration of
diphragm
c. Pulmonary
agenesia
d.pneumothorax
This child suddenly developed
respiratory distress and cyanosis.
Diagnosis?
a. pneumoperitoneum
b.pneumothorax
c. bronchopneumonia
d. pulmonary edema
What advise
should be
given to this
child
a. Immediate
repair of
CDH
b. Deferred
repair of
CDH
c. Antibiotics
d. Intercostal
drainage
This asymptomatic child was
found to have this finding on x-
ray. What is the diagnosis?
a.Eventration of diphragm
b.Bochdalek diphramatic hernia
c.Morgagni diphragmatic hernia
d.Umbilical hernia
Survival of patients
with
diphragmatic
hernia depends
on
a. Available
functioning lung
tissue
b. Amount of
viscera in the
chest
c. Weight of the
patient
d. Operative time
This patient with diphragmatic
hernia is at risk to develop
a.Midgut volvulus
b.Gastric volvulus
c.Sigmoid volvulus
d.Peptic ulcer
Diagnosis?
a.Staph pneumonia and

pneumatoceles
b.Diphragmatic hernia
c.Pneumothorax
d.Cystic adenomatoid
malformation
A patient with
diphragmatic
hernia is at risk to
develop this
complication after
surgery
a. Pulmonary
embolism
b. Trombophlebitis
c. Compartment
syndrome
d. Aortic
insufficiency
This child with
smooth mass in
chest and
vertebral
defects is likely
to have
a. Bronchogenic
cyst
b. Thymic cyst
c. Esophageal
duplication cyst
d. Pulmonary cyst
Treatment of esophageal duplication
cyst is
a.Aspiration
b.Aspiration and injection of
sclerosant
c. Thoracotomy and excision
d.Thoracotomy and marsupialization
e. Thoracotomy and internal
drainage
This girl underwent intercostal
drainage for empyema.
This is the latest ct scan
What treatment is required
a.Thoracotomy and decortication

b.Thoracotomy and drainage of pus
c. Repeat intercostal drainage
d.Higher antibiotics
These are photographs of the
same patient
What investigations are required
a.Sonography
b.Karyotype and genitogram
c.Laparoscopy
d.hemogram
This patient brought up as boy has two
gonads in scrotum, well developed phallus
and hypospadias.
What investigations are necessary?
a. Karyotype
b. Barr body
c. Genitogram
d. Sonography
e. Gonadal biopsy
f. 17 ketosteroid estimation
Cleft lip should be repaired at
a.Three days
b.Three years
c.Three months
d.Six months
This girl with
swelling since
birth has
a.Meningocele
b.Meningomyeloce
le
c. Encephalocele
d.Dermoid cyst
After repair of encephalocele,
the child is at risk to develop
a.Hypertension
b.Blindness
c.Hydrocephalus
d.anosmia
What is coming
out of the anus
a.Round worm
b.Tape worm
c.Guinea worm
d.Shunt catheter
This child with
meningocele
also has
a. Hydrocephalus
b.Kyphosis
c. Scoliosis
d.Talipes equino
varus
After repair this
child is at a
specific risk to
develop
a.Paraplegia
b.Paraparesis
c. Wound dehiscence
d.hydrocephalus
This lesion can be prevented if
mother takes this drug
during pregnancy
a.Calcium gluconate
b.Vitamin E
c.Folic acid
d.cynocobalamin
Estimation of this
substance will
help antenatal
diagnosis
a. HCG
b.Hemoglobin
c. Alpha-feto
protein
d.Serum proteins
Pericolostomy
excoriation is due
to
a. Reaction of skin
to mucus
b.Digestion of skin
by enzymes
c. Reaction of skin
to fecal matter
d.Amebiasis
Primary closure
of metopic
suture leads to
a. Scaphocephaly
b.Turricephaly
c. Trigonocephaly
d.Normal
anatomy
Diagnosis
a. Crouzon’s
syndrome
b.Albert
syndrome
c. Marfan
syndrome
d.Apert
syndrome
This girl with
apert syndrome
needs
a.Local steroids
b.Counselling
c. Craniectomy
and
reconstruction
d.Vitamin d
This boy with
bilateral CTEV
probably
requires
a. Manipulations
alone
b. Manipulations
and plaster
c. Tendon release
and plaster
d. Caliper
Infection in cystic
hygroma is risky
because
a. Septicemia
b.Respiratory
obstruction
c. Facial nerve
paralysis
d.Hemorrhage
This girl with
ectopic anus also
has
a.Ectopic urethra
b.Septate vagina
c. Rectovaginal
fistula
d.hemorrhoids
All brain tissue present
in the sac should be
a. Carefully put back

in the skull
b. Excised
c. Frozen section
should be done and if
malignant, should be
excised
d. EEG should be done
and should be
excised if EEG is
abnormal
This child has
a.Normal
anatomy
b.Klumpke’s
palsy
c.Erb’s palsy
d.Bell’s palsy
This girl with this
large swelling since
birth has
a.Exomphalos major
b.Exomphalos minor
c.Umbilical hernia
d.Paraumbilical
hernia
Intestines lying
outside the
abdominal
cavity have lost
a.The citizenship
b.The
membership
c. The domicile
d.The civil rights
After repair, this patient may
develop
a.Respiratory insufficiency
b.Paralytic ileus
c.Renal failure
d.Compartment syndrome
e.None of the above
f. All of the above
What surgical
adjuncts may be
necessary in this
patient
a. myocutaneous flap
b. Mesh
c. Latissimus dorsi
flap
d. Fascia lata repair
Diagnosis
a.Meningocele
b.Meningomyelo
cele
c. Exstrophy
bladder
d.Imperforate
anus
Diagnosis
a.Lipoma
b.Neurofibroma
c.Gynaecomastia
d.Carcinoma
breast
This child with non bilious
vomiting and visible peristalsis
is posted for
a.Swenson’s operation
b.Bassini’s operation
c.Ramstedt’s operation
d.Patil’s operation
This girl with vaginal
atresia has
a.Turner’s syndrome
b.Klinefelter syndrome
c.Rokitansky syndrome
d.Mitrofanoff syndrome
This boy with anorectal
malformations will require
a.One stage repair
b.Two stage repair
c.Three stage repair
d.Four stage repair
This boy with anorectal
malformation will require
a.One stage repair

b.Two stage repair
c.Three stage repair
d.Four stage repair
e.No repair
This girl with anorectal
malformation should undergo
a.abdomino-perineal pullthrough
b.Posterior sagittal
anorectoplasty- PSARP
c.Anterior sagittal anorectoplasty-
ASARP
d.No surgery
The mainstay of surgery of this girl
will be
a.Good bowel preparation and

careful dissection
b.Broad spectrum antibiotics
c. Blood transfusions
d.Postoperative ventilatory support
e. Total parenteral nutrition
Diagnosis
a. Rectovaginal
fistula
b.Rectourethral
fistula
c. Anterior ectopic
anus
d.Covered anus
This child with anorectal
malformation needs
a.Cutback
b.Anoplasty
c.Colostomy
d.Appendicectomy
This boy with
anal stenosis
requires
a.Colostomy
b.Anoplasty
c. Dilatation
d.Abdominoperi
neal
pullthrough
This boy with pyloric stenosis is
likely to have
a.Hyperchloremia
b.Hyperchloremic acidosis
c. Hyperchlremic alkalosis
d.Hypochloremic hyperkalemic
alkalosis
e. Normal biochemistry
This boy with
difficulty in
defecation and
abdominal
distension has
a. Ascitis
b. Congenital
megacolon
c. Hypo-thyroidism
d. Muco-poly-
sacchoroidosis
What proportion of
repaired
exstrophy
patients are
continent
a. 5%
b.30%
c. 90%
d.70%
Hyper-
pigmentation,
hirsutism,
increased weight is
suggestive of
1.Connective tissue
disorder
2.Cushing
syndrome
3.Virilisation
4.Feminization
Forcible retraction of prepuce
beyond the coronal sulcus
has led to
a.Phimosis
b.Hypospadias
c.Paraphimosis
d.epispadias
This patient with posterior
urethral valves and renal
failure has undergone
a.Bilateral pylostomy
b.Vesicostomy
c.Ureterostomy
d.Colostomy
This boy with
urethral
valves has
undergone
a.Colostomy
b.Vesicostomy
c. Ureterostomy
d.Urethrostomy
This boy with
hemangioma
needs
a. Trial of
steroids
b. Trial of local
injection of
boiling water
c. Surgery
d. Laser ablation
This boy with giant
inguinal hernia
should undergo
a. Immediate repair
b. Repair with mesh
c. Pneumo-
peritoneum and
repair
d. Resection of
intestines and
repair
a.Bilateral hydroceles
b.Bilateral hernia
c.Bilateral obstructed
hernia
d.Filariasis
Congenital hydrocele in this
boy requires
a.Herniotomy
b.Jaboulay’s operation
c.Lord’s operation
d.Aspiration
Inguinal hernia in this boy
requires
a.Herniotomy
b.Herniorrhaphy
c.Hernioplasty with mesh
d.Hernioplasty with fascia lata
This boy with hernia
also has
a. Connective tissue
disorder
b. Intestinal
obstruction
c. Hypothyroidism
d. Hypopituitarism
Identify
a.Muco-poly-
saccharoidosis
b.Osteogenesis
imperfecta
c. Acromegaly
d.Dwarfism
What are the special
risks for this
patient posted for
hernia repair
a. Recurrence of
hernia
b.Renal failure
c. Paralytic ileus
d.Wound infection
This child
with spina
bifida has
a.Cranio-
synostosis
b.Meningitis
c.Hydro-
cephalus
d.tetanus
This child born with a soft
mass over the coccyx has
a.Meningocele
b.Meningomyelocele
c.Teratoma
d.Rectal prolapse
This tumor arising from lower
pole of kidney has been
removed.
This tumor is named after
a.Christopher Columbus
b.Galileo Galilee
c.Wilms
d.John Hunter
This badly infected ulcer with a
scab is
a.Congenital
b.Likely to be secondary to
allergic drug reaction
c.Infantile eczema
d.Infiltration of IV fluids
Diagnosis?
a.Umbilical
hernia
b.Appendicitis
c. Umbilical
granuloma
d.Ectopia cordis
This massive
pneumo-
peritoneum has
been done in this
girl for
a. Oxygenation
b. Improve digestion
c. To increase size
of abdominal
cavity
d. To reduce weight
What organ is lying outside
the abdominal cavity.
a.Kidney
b.Pancreas
c.Spleen
d.liver
Dilated duodenum in this 1
year old boy with bilious
vomiting is due to
a.Pyloric stenosis
b.Peptic ulcer
c.Duodenal atresia
d.Duodenal stenosis
Narrow rectum
and dilated
sigmoid is
diagnostic of
a. Anal fissure
b.Internal piles
c. Congenital
megacolon
d.hypothyroidism
This massive
dilatation of
upper tracts is
likely to be due
to
a. PUJ
obstruction
b.Ureterocele
c. Posterior
urethral valves
d.Hypospadias
This child has
intestinal
obstruction
secondary to
a. Intestinal bands
b.Vitellointestinal
duct
c. Obstructed hernia
d.Congenital
megacolon
10-year-old trauma victim presents
unconscious
and hypotensive. Multiple attempts at
peripheral IV access are unsuccessful.
The next access of choice is:
a.intraosseous line
b.femoral vein
c.internal jugular vein
d.external jugular vein
e.saphenous vein cutdown
The most commonly injured
abdominal organ in pediatric
blunt trauma is:
a.liver
b.spleen
c.kidney
d.small bowel
e.pancreas
In the absence of other concerning
associated signs, APNEA is defined
as a respiratory pause of greater
than:
a.10 seconds
b.15 seconds
c.20 seconds
d.30 seconds
e.1 minute
Of the following causes of upper
airway obstruction, which is LEAST
likely to result in an acute,
precipitous deterioration in the ED?
a.croup
b.epiglottitis
c.foreign body ingestion
d.retropharyngeal abscess
e.smoke inhalation/ thermal injury
Which of the following is the
LEAST LIKELY cause of stridor
in an infant or child < 6 years
old?
a.bacterial tracheitis
b.retropharyngeal abscess
c.foreign body aspiration
croup
c.peritonsillar abscess
Compared with the adult airway, which of the
following is NOT characteristic of the
pediatric airway:
a.more easily visualized with a straight (eg,

Miller) blade
b.narrowest portion located at the cricoid
cartilage
c.more posterior location
smaller diameter and shorter length
d.more easily obstructed by edema,
secretions or posterior displacement of the
tongue
What percentage of newborns
have full retractable foreskins:
a.94%
b.70%
c.4%
d.24%
A patient in whom you have a high
index of suspicion for testicular
torsion, should have the following
diagnostic test performed:
a.Nuclear scan
b.Color Doppler ultrasound
c.Surgical exploration
d.CT scan
Estimated testicular salvage rates in
patients with testicular torsion include
all of the following except:
a.96% if detorsion occurs within 4 hours of

symptom onset
b.60% if detorsion occurs between 8 and 12
hours of symptom onset
c.40% if detorsion occurs between 12 and 24
hours of symptom onset
d.less than 10% with presentation greater
than 24 hours after symptom onset
The lack of a cremasteric reflex
in a patient with acute testicular
pain, should raise the suspicion
for which of the following:
a.Paraphimosis
b.Torsion of the testicular
appendage
c.Priapism
d.Testicular torsion
Treatment options for
paraphimosis include all of the
following except:
a.Manual reduction
b.Foreskin needle puncture
c.Referral to a urologist within
24 hours
d.Dorsal slit procedure
All of the following are true except:
a.Idiopathic scrotal edema is typically

painless
b.Patients with idiopathic scrotal edema
rarely present with a fever
c.Specific allergens leading to idiopathic
scrotal edema have been identified
d.Most cases of idiopathic scrotal edema
spontaneously resolve within 1 week
All of the following are true regarding
varicoceles except:
a.Most varicoceles are right-sided

b.Patients with the sudden onset of a left or
right varicocele should undergo further
evaluation
c.Varicoceles are typically more pronounced
in the upright position
d.Incomplete drainage of the panpiniform
plexus results in dilation of the spermatic
veins and resultant varicocele formation
All of the following are true except:
a.Most hydroceles are right sided

b. Hydroceles can be reduced with
steady, firm pressure
c.Hydroceles are more common in
the prepubertal male
d.Hydroceles result from fluid
accumulation within the tunica
vaginalis
A 7-week-old, full-term girl has worsening
jaundice that the parents first noticed 10 days
ago. On her examination, she is well
appearing and is noted to have a liver edge
4cm below her costal margin. Her direct
bilirubin is 9. The most likely cause of her
direct hyperbilirubinemia is which of the
following:
a.Biliary atresia
b.Cholecystitis
c.Sepsis
d.Acetaminophen toxicity
All of the following are FALSE regarding
intussusception EXCEPT:
a.The presence of "currant jelly" stools

is a sensitive finding
b.Absence of abdominal pain essentially
excludes the diagnosis
c.Plain radiographs are not helpful in
making the diagnosis
d.Older children with intussusception
are more likely to have an identifiable
"lead point"
Potentially life-threatening
complications of
inflammatory bowel
disease include:
a.Toxic megacolon
b.Gastrointestinal bleeding
c.Intestinal obstruction
d.All of the above
All of the following statements are TRUE
about pyloric stenosis EXCEPT:
a.Bilious vomiting is the classic

presenting complaint
b.Children may have a hypochloremic,
hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis
c.This diagnosis can be made by
contrast studies or ultrasonography
d.The hypertrophied muscle can
sometimes be felt on abdominal exam
A 6-day-old girl presents with a three-hour history of
bilious emesis and rectal bleeding. Initially she was
quite irritable but is now lethargic. Her abdomen is
distended. An abdominal obstruction series shows a
dilated stomach and small intestine, but a paucity of
gas in the colon. The next step in management of
this patient should be which
of the following:
a.Upper GI series
b.Air-contrast enema
c.Surgical intervention
d.NICU admission for observation
Which of the following statements is
TRUE about upper gastrointestinal
(UGI) hemorrhage in children?
a.Ulcers may cause UGI bleeding in young

children
b.All patients should undergo nasogastric
tube placement and lavage
c.Esophageal varices are a common cause
of UGI bleeding
d.Hematemesis in a newborn is usually a
symptom of significant disease
Which of the following statements about
appendicitis is TRUE?
A.Perforation and peritonitis are
uncommon in younger children
b.The presence of diarrhea effectively
excludes appendicitis
c.Both ultrasound and CT scan are
sensitive and specific tests for
appendicitis
d.Most abdominal x-rays in patients with
appendicitis reveal a fecalith
A 7-year-old boy presents with painless rectal
bleeding. He had a large amount of red blood per
rectum at home and continued to bleed on the way
to the ED, but the bleeding has subsequently
stopped. He has been otherwise well. His abdominal
examination reveals no tenderness or masses. He
has no fissures, polyps, or hemorrhoids noted on
rectal examination. The remainder of his
examination is unremarkable. Which of the following
conditions is the MOST likely cause of his
symptoms:
a.Meckel's diverticulum
b.Inflammatory bowel disease
c.Bacterial gastroenteritis
d.Allergic colitis
All of the following statements are TRUE
about gastroesophageal reflux disease
(GERD) EXCEPT:
a.GERD is a benign illness without any life-

threatening complications
b.Many infants with GERD can be treated
successfully with conservative measures alone
c.Symptoms are frequently non-specific, such as
failure to thrive and irritability
d.H2-blocking drugs (e.g., ranitidine) and prokinetic
agents (eg, metoclopramide) are agents commonly
used in the treatment of GERD
A 2-month-old, otherwise healthy boy presents with
several episodes of vomiting and no bowel movement
for 4 days. His parents state that he has had difficulty
passing his stools since birth. His abdomen is
distended, and stool is palpable in the suprapubic
region. His rectal examination reveals no fissures, and
no stool is palpable on digital examination. He has a
bowel movement after you remove your finger. Which of
the following statements is TRUE about the most likely
etiology of this patient's constipation?
A.Caused by neurotoxins elaborated by bacteria in the
GI tract
b. Caused by an absence of parasympathetic ganglion
cells in the intestine
c.Likely due to a combination of behavioral and
environmental factors
d.Caused by poorly functioning endocrine glands
A 5-year-old boy presents with
abdominal pain. Potential causes
of his abdominal pain include:
a.Pneumonia
b.Strep throat
c.Testicular torsion
d.Diabetic ketoacidosis
e.All of the above
A 10-day old male presents
with bilious emesis. What is
the most likely diagnosis?
A.Appendicitis
b.Pyloric stenosis
c.Malrotation with midgut
volvulus
d.Feeding intolerance
A 2-week-old-male presents with
lethargy and vomiting. His
electrolytes reveal sodium of 121
meq/L, potassium of 7.0-meq/l and
blood glucose of 40 mg/dl. What is
the most likely diagnosis?
A.Dehydration
b.Congenital adrenal hyperplasia
c.Inborn error of metabolism
d.Pyloric stenosis
How should a neonate with
lethargy and a blood sugar of
20mg/dl be treated?
A.Oral feeds with apple juice
b.25% dextrose solution
c.10% dextrose solution
d.50% dextrose solution
A 2-day-old female presents with
abdominal distension and vomiting.
She has not yet passed a meconium
stool. What is the most likely
diagnosis?
A.Hirschsprung Disease
b.Malrotation with midgut volvulus
c.Necrotizing enterocolitis
d.Constipation
A 3-week-old female presents with persistent
seizures despite aggressive management with
benzodiazepines and phenobarbital. The
mother reports giving her daughter some
water to "stop her from getting dehydrated."
What is the most likely cause of her status
epilepticus?
A.Hypoglycemia
b.Diabetes insipidus
c.Hyponatremia
d.Hypokalemia
A 1-week-old male presents with some mild
erythema around his umbilicus extending onto the
abdominal wall. Which of the following is the correct
management for this patient?
A.Reassurance and continue with alcohol wipes of

umbilicus
b.Topical antibiotic ointment and recheck the patient
the next day
c.Discharge on cephalexin and recheck the next day
d.Perform a full septic workup and admit the patient
Vaginal bleeding in a 3-day-old
female is:
a.Is always indicative of child abuse

b.May be due to withdrawal of
maternal hormones
c.Is suspicious for gonorrhea
d.Is most commonly due to a vaginal
foreign body-such as baby wipes
Which of the following are
causes of shock in the
newborn?
A.Infection
b.Inborn errors of metabolism
c.Child abuse
d.Thyrotoxicosis
e.All of the above
Richly vascularized fat in nape of
neck in the newborn is called
1.Thyroid gland
2.Hibernating gland
3.Pineal gland
4.Accessory parotid gland
Adult stomach capacity is
approximately 1000 ml
Newborn stomach capacity at birth is
approximately
1.100 ml
2.80 ml
3.30 ml
4.10 ml
Meconeum is
1.Highly Alkaline
2.Highly Acidic
3.Neutral
4.Mildly alkaline
5.Mildly acidic
The maximum number of children a
woman can have is about 20
how many primitive oocytes are present
in the neonatal ovary at birth
1. 1000
2. 100,000
3. 200
4. 1000,000
Newborn brain is responsible
for ……… % heat
production
1. 10%
2. 20%
3. 36%
4. 40%
Total body water at term is
1. 40%
2. 65%
3. 78%
4. 90%
Total blood volume at term is
a.70 ml/kg
b.60 ml/kg
c.80 ml/kg
d.90 ml/kg
The mainstay of treatment after this
child with gastroschisis undergoes
repair is
a.Administration of three or four
antibiotics
b.Ventilatory support and total
parenteral nutrition
c. Blood and plasma transfusions
d.Bladder cathetarization
This child with intestinal
obstruction has
a.Duodenal atresia
b.Jejunal atresia
c.Ileal atresia
d.Colonic atresia

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1. Variations in gall bladder and bile

1. Repaired immediately, ventilated, given

1.Application of pressure bandage

This anomaly in a one year old child requires

1. CT scan of the neck

a.Weather beaten appearance

a. Acid peptic disease

a.Congenital heart disease

a. Bilateral grade V reflux

a.Stone formation in bile ducts

a.Staph pneumonia and

a.Thoracotomy and decortication

a. Carefully put back

a.One stage repair

a.Good bowel preparation and

a.more easily visualized with a straight (eg,

a.96% if detorsion occurs within 4 hours of

a.Idiopathic scrotal edema is typically

a.Most varicoceles are right-sided

a.Most hydroceles are right sided

a.The presence of "currant jelly" stools

a.Bilious vomiting is the classic

a.Ulcers may cause UGI bleeding in young

a.GERD is a benign illness without any life-

A.Reassurance and continue with alcohol wipes of

a.Is always indicative of child abuse

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