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    MPEG 2 Introduction

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    Sandip Chhikara
    Introduction to MPEG

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    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    MPEG 2 Introduction

    Uploaded by

    Sandip Chhikara
    179 views33 pages
    Introduction to MPEG

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    © Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)

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    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

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    Introduction to MPEG

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    179 views33 pages

    MPEG 2 Introduction

    Uploaded by

    Sandip Chhikara
    Introduction to MPEG

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 33

    MPEG 2 Introduction

    AllenChang

    Agenda
    MPEG 2 Purpose MPEG 2 History and Documents MPEG 2 Architecture Reference

    MPEG 2 Purpose

    EX: 640*480*3Bytes=921.6KBytes 0.9*29.97=26.973MBytes

    MPEG 2 History and Documents


    Started in late 1990 and initially issued a standard for coding of TV-ipcture with CCIR Rec. 601 Subjective and competitive tests in Nov. 1991 Scope was enlarged to suit coding of HDTV in 1992. CD was agreed in Nov. 1993 DIS was finalized in Nov. 1994

    MPEG-2 Documents(1)
    ISO/IEC 13818, Generic Coding of Moving Pictures and Associated Audio Information ISO/IEC 13818-1 (Part-1)System ISO/IEC 13818-2 (Part-2)Video ISO/IEC 13818-3 (Part-3)Audio ISO/IEC 13818-4 (Part-4)Conformance Testing ISO/IEC 13818-5 (Part-5)Software Simulation

    MPEG-2 Documents(2)
    ISO/IEC 13818-6 (Part-6)System Extension-DM-CC ISO/IEC 13818-7 (Part-7)Audio ExtensionNBC mode ISO/IEC 13818-8 (Part-8)VOID-(withdrawn) ISO/IEC 13818-9 (Part-9)System Extension-RTI ISO/IEC 13818-10 (Part-10)Conformance Extension DSM-CC ISO/IEC 13818-11 (Part-11)IPMP on MPEG2 Systems

    MPEG 2 Architecture
    Program Stream Transport Stream

    MPEG 2 Video Structure

    Profiles and Levels

    RGB & YCbCr Translation


    RGB to YCbCr
    Y=0.299R+0.587G+0.114B Cb=-0.168R-0.331G-0.499B Cr=0.500R-0.419G-0.081B

    YCbCr to RGB
    R=Y+1.4020(Cr-128) G=Y-0.3441(Cb-128)-0.7141(Cr-128) B=Y+1.7720(Cb-128)

    Pixel Positioning

    MPEG 2 Compression Tools


    DCTDiscrete Cosine Transform Quantization Zig-Zag and Alternate Scanning Patterns Huffman/Run-Level Coding Motion Estimation and Motion Compensation

    DCT

    Quantization

    Quantization error is the main source of the lossy compression

    Intra array

    non-intra array

    Scanning

    Huffman/Run-length Coding
    Huffman coding(VLC)
    http://ciips.ee.uwa.edu.au/~morris/Year2/PLDS210/huffman.html

    Run-length coding
    Quantized signals 111100-1-1-1-1-1000etc RLC codes:(Level, Run)(1,4);(0,2);(1,5);(0,4);.

    Motion Estimation & Motion Compensation

    MPEG Coder/Decoder Diagram

    I,P,B Pictures
    I Picture Intra Code Pictures P Picture Predictive Coded Pictures B Picture Bi-directionally Predicted Pictures

    I,P,B Pictures Reordering

    MPEG 2 Recording and Transmission


    Program Streams Transport Streams

    Packetized Elementary Streams


    PES can be used to create Program Streams or Transport Streams Times Stamps PTS/DTS/ESCR

    Program Streams
    A program stream is a PES packet multiplex that carries several elementary streams that were encoded using the same master clock or system time clock.

    Transport Streams
    The job of a Transport Stream Program Clock Reference Packet Identification Program Specific information

    MPEG-2 / Introduction to Video Coding Standards MPEG2 Tutorial Introduction and Contents
    Copyright 1999 Wayne E. Bretl and Mark Fimoff. Posted on www.bretl.com January 15, 2000

    A Guide to MPEG Fundamentals and Protocol Analysis Tektronix


    http://www.sims.berkeley.edu/courses/is224/s99/GroupG/report1.html

    DVDDVDCD The MPEG Handbook MPEG-1, MPEG-2, MPEG-4 John Watkinson


    http://www.hdtvforum.com.tw/toppage2.htm

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