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Lysine acetylation is a post-translational modification on histones and other proteins that is catalysed by acetyltransferases (‘writers’) and mediates interactions with bromodomains and other ‘reader’ domains. This Review summarizes the properties and functions of these writers and readers and discusses efforts to identify small-molecule therapeutics that target them, some of which are being evaluated in clinical trials.
Recent progress in understanding senescence has spurred interest in the development of approaches that target senescent cells. This Review assesses the current status of senotherapies, such as senolytics and senomorphics, how these approaches can be combined with cancer therapies, and the challenges and opportunities in moving senotherapies to clinical practice.
Defects in the DNA damage response have been utilized therapeutically for cancer for a decade. This Review analyses the lessons learnt from the development of PARP inhibitors and how these may be applied to new targets to maximize success. Targeting multiple DNA damage response pathways simultaneously and combinations with other therapies are also discussed.
A very small number of people with rare diseases caused by unique genetic variants have been treated with therapies developed specifically for them, known as N-of-1 therapies. This Review discusses advances and challenges for N-of-1 therapies based on cases in which they have been successfully developed, highlights why the traditional drug development and reimbursement pathway is not fit for purpose in this field, and provides a roadmap for the development of these individualized therapies.
Lotte Bjerre Knudsen, chief scientific advisor in research and early development at Novo Nordisk, discusses the past and future of GLP-1s and related anti-obesity drugs.
Members of the TNF superfamily (TNFSF) of ligands and their receptors have emerged as promising targets in the treatment of autoimmune diseases and cancer, with several biologics gaining FDA approval. However, there are still many hurdles to realizing the true potential of targeting these superfamilies. This Review assesses past and ongoing clinical trials of agents modulating TNFSF ligands or receptors, highlighting ongoing challenges and future opportunities.
