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Keywords = Ruta tuberculate

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31 pages, 1900 KiB  
Review
Ruta Essential Oils: Composition and Bioactivities
by Lutfun Nahar, Hesham R. El-Seedi, Shaden A. M. Khalifa, Majid Mohammadhosseini and Satyajit D. Sarker
Molecules 2021, 26(16), 4766; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26164766 - 6 Aug 2021
Cited by 50 | Viewed by 6331
Abstract
Ruta L. is a typical genus of the citrus family, Rutaceae Juss. and comprises ca. 40 different species, mainly distributed in the Mediterranean region. Ruta species have long been used in traditional medicines as an abortifacient and emmenagogue and for the treatment [...] Read more.
Ruta L. is a typical genus of the citrus family, Rutaceae Juss. and comprises ca. 40 different species, mainly distributed in the Mediterranean region. Ruta species have long been used in traditional medicines as an abortifacient and emmenagogue and for the treatment of lung diseases and microbial infections. The genus Ruta is rich in essential oils, which predominantly contain aliphatic ketones, e.g., 2-undecanone and 2-nonanone, but lack any significant amounts of terpenes. Three Ruta species, Ruta chalepensis L., Ruta graveolens L., and Ruta montana L., have been extensively studied for the composition of their essential oils and several bioactivities, revealing their potential medicinal and agrochemical applications. This review provides a systematic evaluation and critical appraisal of publications available in the literature on the composition and bioactivities of the essential oils obtained from Ruta species and includes a brief outlook of the potential applications of nanotechnology and chitosan-based products of Ruta essential oils. Full article
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Graphical abstract
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<p>Major medicinal applications of <span class="html-italic">Ruta</span> species in traditional medicines.</p>
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<p>Major long-chain aliphatic ketones found in the <span class="html-italic">Ruta</span> essential oils.</p>
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<p>Structure of geijerene.</p>
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<p>Structure of 2-isopropyl-5-methylphenol.</p>
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<p>Structure of chalepensin.</p>
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