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Infectious and Parasitic Diseases of Small Ruminants: Diagnosis, Prevention, and Control

A special issue of Veterinary Sciences (ISSN 2306-7381). This special issue belongs to the section "Veterinary Microbiology, Parasitology and Immunology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (1 December 2024) | Viewed by 1566

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Thessaly, 43100 Karditsa, Greece
Interests: clinical research; sheep; somatic cell count; mastitis; goat; herd health; cattle; dairy farming; listeriosis; listeria monocytogenes
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Small ruminants (sheep and goats) are essential components of agricultural farming systems in countries throughout the world. These animals are farmed in a variety of production systems, including meat, dairy, and wool production, and are managed under many systems, such as intensive, semi-intensive, semi-extensive, extensive, and shepherding management systems.

Infectious and parasitic diseases of small ruminants adversely affect the health, productivity, and welfare of sheep and goats on farms. Therefore, there is a clear interest in improving the diagnosis, prevention, and control of these diseases. This Special Issue will cover infectious (bacterial, viral, and fungal) and parasitic (endo- and ecto-parasitic) diseases of sheep and goats. This Special Issue will also cover studies regarding the health management of small ruminant populations.

This Special Issue welcomes research articles, reviews, and case reports. This Special Issue will accept original manuscripts describing field, laboratory, or animal experimental work. Systematic and narrative reviews will be evaluated. Clinical reports will need to underline the peculiarity and uniqueness of the case reported. Studies relevant to conventional or organic sheep and goat farming are included in the scope of this Special Issue. Papers on the sustainable control of sheep and goat diseases will receive particular attention. Papers that present adverse effects of problems caused by infectious or parasitic agents on sheep and goat productivity are also welcome.

The papers published in this Special Issue will complement existing research and clinical work in the field of small ruminant health management and infectious and parasitic diseases and should contribute to scientific innovation and to the progress of research. The submitted papers should supplement existing knowledge, with the aim to reduce risks and losses in farms, to optimize production, and to improve sheep and goat welfare.

Dr. Daphne Lianou
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Veterinary Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2100 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • diagnosis
  • goat
  • health
  • health management
  • infection
  • sheep
  • treatment

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

12 pages, 1379 KiB  
Article
A Multiplex PCR Assay for Simultaneous Detection of Giardia duodenalis, Cryptosporidium parvum, Blastocystis spp. and Enterocytozoon bieneusi in Goats
by Xingang Yu, Hui Xu, Xuanru Mu, Kaijian Yuan, Yilong Li, Nuo Xu, Qiaoyu Li, Wenjing Zeng, Shengfeng Chen and Yang Hong
Vet. Sci. 2024, 11(9), 448; https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci11090448 - 22 Sep 2024
Viewed by 1163
Abstract
Giardia duodenalis, Cryptosporidium parvum, Blastocystis spp. and Enterocytozoon bieneusi are four common zoonotic parasites associated with severe diarrhea and enteric diseases. In this study, we developed a multiplex PCR assay for the simultaneous detection of these four zoonotic protozoans in goat [...] Read more.
Giardia duodenalis, Cryptosporidium parvum, Blastocystis spp. and Enterocytozoon bieneusi are four common zoonotic parasites associated with severe diarrhea and enteric diseases. In this study, we developed a multiplex PCR assay for the simultaneous detection of these four zoonotic protozoans in goat stool samples and assessed its detection efficiency. Specific primers were designed from conserved gene sequences retrieved from GenBank, and the PCR conditions were optimized. Genomic DNA from 130 samples was subjected to both single-target PCR and multiplex PCR. The multiplex PCR assay successfully amplified specific gene fragments (G. duodenalis, 1400 bp; C. parvum, 755 bp; Blastocystis spp., 573 bp; E. bieneusi, 314 bp). The assay sensitivity was ≥102 copies of pathogenic DNA clones with high specificity confirmed by negative results for other intestinal parasites. The detection rates were 23.08% (30/130) for G. duodenalis, 24.62% (32/130) for C. parvum, 41.54% (54/130) for Blastocystis spp., and 12.31% (16/130) for E. bieneusi, matching the single-target PCR results. The sensitivity and predictive values were 100.00%. This multiplex PCR provided a rapid, sensitive, specific, and cost-effective approach for detecting these four parasites. It also provided essential technical support for the rapid detection and epidemiological investigation of G. duodenalis, C. parvum, Blastocystis spp., and E. bieneusi infections in goat fecal samples. Full article
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Figure 1

Figure 1
<p>Multiple PCR detection of four parasites. M: 2000 bp DNA Maker, 1: four parasite PCR products, N: negative control.</p>
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<p>Multiple PCR detection of four parasites. M: 2000 bp DNA Maker, N: negative control, 1: <span class="html-italic">G. duodenalis</span>, 2: <span class="html-italic">C. parvum</span>, 3: <span class="html-italic">Blastocystis</span> spp., 4: <span class="html-italic">E. bieneusi</span>.</p>
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<p>Specificity test of multiplex PCR. M: 2000 bp DNA marker, 1: <span class="html-italic">G. duodenalis</span>, <span class="html-italic">C. parvum</span>, <span class="html-italic">Blastocystis</span> spp., <span class="html-italic">E. bieneusi</span> plasmid mixture, 2: <span class="html-italic">E. bieneusi</span> DNA, 3: <span class="html-italic">Blastocystis</span> spp. DNA, 4: <span class="html-italic">C. parvum</span> DNA, 5: <span class="html-italic">G. duodenalis</span> DNA, 6: <span class="html-italic">E. granulosus</span> DNA, 7: <span class="html-italic">F. hepatica</span> DNA, 8: <span class="html-italic">S. japonicum</span> DNA, 9: <span class="html-italic">M. expansa</span> DNA, 10: <span class="html-italic">H. paloniae</span> DNA, 11: <span class="html-italic">Toxoplasma gondii</span> DNA, 12: <span class="html-italic">Eimeria arloingi</span> DNA, 13: <span class="html-italic">Neospora caninum</span> DNA, N: negative control.</p>
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<p>Sensitivity of multiplex PCR. M: 2000 bp DNA marker, 1: parasite DNA 1 × 10<sup>6</sup> copies/μL, 2: parasite DNA 1 × 10<sup>5</sup> copies/μL, 3: parasite DNA 1 × 10<sup>4</sup> copies/μL, 4: parasite DNA 1 × 10<sup>3</sup> copies/μL, 5: parasite DNA 10<sup>2</sup> copies/μL, 6: parasite DNA 10 copies/μL, 7: parasite DNA 1 copy/μL, N: negative control.</p>
Full article ">Figure 5
<p>Multiplex PCR results of detecting black goat stool samples. M: 2000 bp DNA marker, 1–64: reserve goats DNA sample multiplex PCR test results, 65–130: adult goats DNA sample multiplex PCR, N: negative control.</p>
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