Lead times¶
准确预测交货日期对于满足客户期望至关重要。在 Odoo 中，库存 应用程序可进行全面的交货时间配置，从而协调和规划生产订单、交货和接收。
准备时间类型¶
不同业务的不同交付周期会影响订单履行流程的各个阶段。以下是 Odoo 中交货时间类型的摘要：
Customer lead time: The default time frame for fulfilling customer orders. The customer lead time is the number of days from the date the sales order (SO) is confirmed to the date the products are shipped from the warehouse. This is also known as delivery lead time.
Sales security lead time: moves the scheduled delivery date forward by a specified number of days. This serves as a buffer to allow the team ample time to prepare the outgoing shipment earlier, considering the possibility of delays in the fulfillment process.
Purchase lead time: the number of days from the confirmation of a purchase order (PO) to the receipt of products. It provides insight on the time it takes for products to arrive at the warehouse, facilitating effective scheduling and planning of supplier deliveries.
Purchase security lead time: advances the order deadline on a PO by a specified number of days. This proactive approach of placing orders earlier mitigates the risk of vendor or shipping delays. Thus, for products that are set to replenish to order, the need appears on the Replenishment report earlier, according to the specified number of days.
Manufacturing lead time: the number of days needed to complete a manufacturing order (MO) from the date of confirmation. This lead time includes weekends (non-working hours in Odoo), and is used to forecast an approximate production date for a finished good.
Manufacturing security lead time: moves the scheduled date of the MO forward by a specified number of days. When used in conjunction with replenish to order, the security lead time makes the need appear earlier on the replenishment report.
销售前置时间¶
客户前置时间和销售安全前置时间可配置为自动计算:abbr:SO（销售订单） 上的*预计交货日期*。预计交货日期可确保仓库发货的*交货日期*设置切合实际。
如果设定的交货日期早于预期日期，Odoo 就会发出警告信息，因为届时可能无法完成订单，从而影响其他仓库业务。
Example
7月 11 日确认了一份包含`椰香蜡烛`的:abbr:销售订单（SO）。该产品的客户交货时间为 14 天，企业使用 1 天的销售安全交货时间。根据交货时间的设定，Odoo 建议在 15 天后的 7 月 26 日进行交货。
以下部分演示如何自动计算预期交货日期。
客户前置时间¶
通过导航至产品页面，在每个产品表单上设置客户交付周期。要执行此操作，请转至 。从那里选择所需的产品，然后切换到 库存 选项卡。然后，在 客户前置时间 字段下，填写完成交货订单从开始到结束所需的日历天数。
Example
导航到产品表单，为 椰子香味蜡烛 设置 14 天的客户前置时间。然后，在 库存 选项卡的 客户前置时间 字段中键入`14.00`天。
销售安全前置时间¶
在 中为业务全局设置 销售安全前置时间。
在配置页面的 高级日程安排 标题下，找到 销售安全前置时间 复选框，然后点击复选框启用该功能。
然后，输入所需的日历天数。这个安全前置时间是一个缓冲时间，通知团队在预定日期之前做好出货准备。
Example
将 销售安全前置时间 设置为 1.00 天，会将交货单（DO）的 计划日期 提前一天。在这种情况下，如果产品最初计划于 4 月 6 日交货，但安全前置时间为一天，则交货订单的新计划日期将是 4 月 5 日。
交付多种产品¶
对于包含具有不同前置时间的多个产品订单，可直接从报价单本身配置前置时间。在报价单上，点击 其他信息 选项卡，并将 运输政策 设置为：
尽快 用于在产品准备就绪后立即交付。交货单`的 :guilabel:`计划日期 是通过将当天日期加上订单中产品的最短前置时间来确定的。
当所有产品都准备就绪`时，等待一次性完成整个订单。:abbr:`DO（交货单）`的 :guilabel:`计划日期 是通过将当天日期加上订单中产品的最长前置时间来确定的。
Example
在一份包含 2 种产品（瑜伽垫 和 阻力带）的报价单中，产品前置时间分别为 8 天和 5 天。今天是 4 月 2 日。
当 运输政策 设置为 尽快 时，计划交货日期为今天开始算起的 5 天后，即 4 月 7 日。如果选择 当所有产品准备就绪时，则计划交货日期为今天开始算起的 8 天后，即 4 月 10 日。
采购前置时间¶
自动确定向供应商下订单的日期有助于简化采购流程。
Odoo 根据仓库需要产品的规定日期，计算供应商装运 收货日期 和 PO（采购订单）`截止日期。从收货日期倒推，供应商的前置时间和采购安全前置时间都会考虑在内，从而确定 :abbr:`PO（采购订单） 截止日期。
此截止日期为确认订单的日期，以确保在预期收货日期前及时到货。
供应商前置时间¶
要为从供应商位置到达仓库的订单设置供应商前置时间，首先通过 导航到产品表单。
接下来，选择所需的产品，并切换到 采购 选项卡。在可编辑的供应商价目表中，点击 添加行 按钮添加供应商详细信息，如 供应商 名称、价格，及 交货前置时间。
備註
供应商价目表中可添加多个供应商和前置时间。默认选择的供应商和前置时间将是列表顶部的条目。
Example
在产品表单的供应商价格列表中，所选供应商的 交货前置时间 设置为 10 天。
通过设置供应商前置时间，项目的预期到货日期将自动确定为:abbr:`PO（采购订单）`确认日期加上供应商前置时间。这可确保在产品**未在**预期时间内到达时，及时通知仓库员工。
Example
在 7 月 11 日确认的:guilabel:PO（采购订单）`上，Odoo 自动将:guilabel:`收货日期`设置为 7 月 21 日。收货日期也会作为 :guilabel:`预定日期 显示在仓库收据表格上，可通过 收据 智能按钮访问，该按钮位于 PO（采购订单）。
采购安全前置时间¶
采购安全前置时间 在 中为企业全局设置。
On the configuration page, under the Advanced Scheduling heading, locate the box for Security Lead Time for Purchase, and click the checkbox to enable the feature.
Next, enter the desired number of calendar days. By configuring the security lead time, a buffer is set to account for potential delays in supplier deliveries.
Example
Setting the Security Lead Time for Purchase to 2.00 days, pushes the
Scheduled Date of receipt back by one day. In that case, if a product is initially
scheduled to arrive on April 6th, with a two-day security lead time, the new scheduled date for
the receipt would be April 8th.
制造前置时间¶
Lead times can help simplify the procurement process for consumable materials and components used in manufactured products with bills of materials.
The MO deadline, which is the deadline to begin the manufacturing process to complete the product by the scheduled delivery date, can be determined by configuring the manufacturing lead times and manufacturing security lead times.
制造前置时间¶
Configure the manufacturing lead time directly on the product form, by navigating to , and select the desired product.
In the Inventory tab of the product, specify the calendar days needed to the manufacture the product in the Manufacturing Lead Time field.
Example
Specify a 14-day Manufacturing Lead Time for a product directly in the Inventory tab of the product.
Establish a MO deadline, based on the expected delivery date, indicated in the Scheduled Date field of the DO.
The MO deadline, which is the Scheduled Date field on the MO, is calculated as the expected delivery date subtracted by the manufacturing lead time.
This ensures the manufacturing process begins on time, in order to meet the delivery date.
However, it’s important to note that lead times are based on calendar days. Lead times do not consider weekends, holidays, or work center capacity (the number of operations that can be performed at the work center simultaneously).
Example
A product’s scheduled shipment date on the DO is August 15th. The product requires 14 days to manufacture. So, the latest date to start the MO to meet the commitment date is August 1st.
Manufacturing security lead time¶
Manufacturing security lead time is set globally for the business in . Under the Planning heading, locate the box for Security Lead Time, and click the checkbox to enable the feature.
Next, enter the desired number of calendar days. By configuring the security lead time, a buffer is set to account for potential delays in the manufacturing process.
Example
A product has a scheduled shipment date on the DO set for August 15th. The manufacturing lead time is 7 days, and manufacturing security lead time is 3 days. So, the Scheduled Date on the MO reflects the latest date to begin the manufacturing order. In this example, the planned date on the MO is August 5th.
Global example¶
See the following example to understand how all the lead times work together to ensure timely order fulfillment:
Sales security lead time: 1 day
Manufacturing security lead time: 2 days
Manufacturing lead time: 3 days
Purchase security lead time: 1 day
Vendor lead time: 4 days
The customer places an order for a manufactured product on September 1st, and the scheduled delivery date from the warehouse is on September 20th. Odoo uses lead times and automated reordering rules to schedule the necessary operations, based on the outgoing shipment delivery date, September 20th:
September 1st: Sales order created, confirmed by salesperson.
September 9th: Deadline to order components to ensure they arrive in time when manufacturing begins (4-day supplier lead time).
September 13th: Scheduled date of receipt for components. Initially, it was set to 9/14, but the 1-day purchase security lead time pushed the date earlier by 1 day.
September 14th: Deadline to begin manufacturing. Calculated by subtracting the manufacturing lead time of 3 days, and the manufacturing security lead time of 2 days, from the expected delivery date of September 19th.
September 19th: Scheduled Date on the delivery order form indicates the updated expected delivery date, which was originally set as September 20th. But the sales security lead time pushed the date forward by a day.
Odoo’s replenishment planning maps a business』 order fulfillment process, setting pre-determined deadlines and raw material order dates, including buffer days for potential delays. This ensures products are delivered on time.