计算机科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (6): 32-38.doi: 10.11896/jsjkx.220400004
王思明, 谭北海, 余荣
WANG Si-ming, TAN Bei-hai, YU Rong
摘要： 第六代 (6G) 无线通信网络将成为内生智能、泛在连接以及全场景互联互通的基座,是实现可信可靠智能的重要基础。区块链技术被认为是提升6G网络性能的去中心化赋能技术。未来区块链的共识节点将由海量边缘设备组成,并通过无线网络连接。然而,自利的边缘设备参与区块链共识过程仍面临着信息不完全对称、资源限制和异构无线通信环境的挑战。为此,提出了面向6G可信可靠智能的区块链分片与激励机制。为了最大化区块链分片的收益和可靠性,提出了基于实用拜占庭机制的区块链分片架构,同时设计了一个基于契约理论的激励机制。首先,通过分析基于实用拜占庭的片内共识机制及其区块在无线网络中的广播特性,构建了维护区块链分片网络的计算和通信的能耗模型;然后,为了提高系统可靠性和抵御恶意攻击的能力,提出了基于主观逻辑的信誉机制;最后,分别在信息完全对称和不完全对称的条件下求出了最优契约组合。该契约组合最大化区块链服务请求者的区块收益,同时满足预算可行性、个体理性和激励相容性。仿真结果表明,基于契约理论的激励机制能更可靠地激励边缘节点参与区块链共识过程,并从经济学角度有效地维护区块链的运行。
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