Tetragraptus hi-res stock photography and images

Tetragraptus (Graptolite) fossil, cross on square brown rock, early Ordovician era Stock Photo

RMPFGC4J–Tetragraptus (Graptolite) fossil, cross on square brown rock, early Ordovician era

RM2JEGP6Y–Tetragraptus sp.

Tetragraptus approximatus (Nicholson) Stock Photo

RM2JNBX79–Tetragraptus approximatus (Nicholson)

Digital illustration of a bunch of marine fossils Stock Photo

RFR0ADM5–Digital illustration of a bunch of marine fossils

. Annual report . rrespond-ing to the vertical lines of an H, while the primarybranches form the connecting bar. The sicula islong and the primary thecae diverge from the proxi-mal part of the same. This group has the same structure as Tetra-graptus, viz a twice repeated bifurcation. It is,however, in the character of its thecae, the point ofbranching of the primary thecae and the direction two thecae and of those of the assumed by the branches of the second order totally proximal portions of the branches. J J x6 (Copy trom Holm) different trom the other species of Tetragraptus; and it can be Stock Photo

RM2CE0363–. Annual report . rrespond-ing to the vertical lines of an H, while the primarybranches form the connecting bar. The sicula islong and the primary thecae diverge from the proxi-mal part of the same. This group has the same structure as Tetra-graptus, viz a twice repeated bifurcation. It is,however, in the character of its thecae, the point ofbranching of the primary thecae and the direction two thecae and of those of the assumed by the branches of the second order totally proximal portions of the branches. J J x6 (Copy trom Holm) different trom the other species of Tetragraptus; and it can be

Tetragraptus quadribrachiatus (Hall). Stock Photo

RM2JEM85E–Tetragraptus quadribrachiatus (Hall).

Tetragraptus serra (Brongniart) Stock Photo

RM2JNBX62–Tetragraptus serra (Brongniart)

RFR0ADM7–Digital illustration of a bunch of marine fossils

. Annual report . erved by Giirich. A layer of graptolite bed 2 (Tetragraptus zone) at the Deep kill, inwhich the graptolites are retained uncompressed in pyrite, provided thepresent writer with material for thin sections, principally specimens ofPhyllograptus ilicifolius and branching dichograptids. In thesethe walls consist uniformly of three layers, viz the black layer, the angular GRAPTOLITES OF NEW YORK, PART 1 541 layer and the columnar layer [see fig. 13, 14 |. The last two are distinctlycomposed of calcite crystals. As these two zones are correlatives in theirwidth — the one is in some Stock Photo

RM2CE04NF–. Annual report . erved by Giirich. A layer of graptolite bed 2 (Tetragraptus zone) at the Deep kill, inwhich the graptolites are retained uncompressed in pyrite, provided thepresent writer with material for thin sections, principally specimens ofPhyllograptus ilicifolius and branching dichograptids. In thesethe walls consist uniformly of three layers, viz the black layer, the angular GRAPTOLITES OF NEW YORK, PART 1 541 layer and the columnar layer [see fig. 13, 14 |. The last two are distinctlycomposed of calcite crystals. As these two zones are correlatives in theirwidth — the one is in some

Graptolithina; Assemblage includes Phyllograptus, Isograptus, Tetragraptus and others. Stock Photo

RM2JEG3X0–Graptolithina; Assemblage includes Phyllograptus, Isograptus, Tetragraptus and others.

Tetragraptus fruticosus (J. Hall) Stock Photo

RM2JNBX89–Tetragraptus fruticosus (J. Hall)

RFR0ADM6–Digital illustration of a bunch of marine fossils

. Annual report . circular, not promi-nent, appressed to branches, apparently closely arranged.Dissepiments rarely observable. Bifurcation of branchesquite regular, leading to a regular gradual expansion of therhabdosorne. Position and localities. Common in graptolite bed 7of the Deep kill section (horizon with Diplograptusdentatus and C 1 i m a c o g r a p t u s ? antennarius),D. cancellatus was described as coming from the Lower Are nigof Whitesand bay of St Davids, which is stated to be overlain by MiddleArenig beds containing some of Halls species of Tetragraptus, Callograptusand Didymogra Stock Photo

RM2CE03TC–. Annual report . circular, not promi-nent, appressed to branches, apparently closely arranged.Dissepiments rarely observable. Bifurcation of branchesquite regular, leading to a regular gradual expansion of therhabdosorne. Position and localities. Common in graptolite bed 7of the Deep kill section (horizon with Diplograptusdentatus and C 1 i m a c o g r a p t u s ? antennarius),D. cancellatus was described as coming from the Lower Are nigof Whitesand bay of St Davids, which is stated to be overlain by MiddleArenig beds containing some of Halls species of Tetragraptus, Callograptusand Didymogra

RM2JEHY36–Graptolithina; Assemblage includes Phyllograptus, Isograptus, Tetragraptus and others.

Tetragraptus quadribrachiatus (J. Hall) Stock Photo

RM2JNBX5P–Tetragraptus quadribrachiatus (J. Hall)

. Annual report . hich represent the Tetragraptuszone. In these it is quite com-mon. Hall reports it from theshales of the Quebec group atPoint Levis. As at the latterpoint the Tetragraptus zone andthe zone with D i p 1 o g r a. p t u s den tat us are represented, and the association with species from the latterzone is always carefully mentioned, it is to be inferred that Halls types were associated with the major fauna, that of theTetragraptus zone. Strangely enough Ami[1889, p.] 16k], Lapworth [1886, p.184] andGrurley [1896, p.295] do not cite this speciesas having been found in the collecti Stock Photo

RM2CE02TX–. Annual report . hich represent the Tetragraptuszone. In these it is quite com-mon. Hall reports it from theshales of the Quebec group atPoint Levis. As at the latterpoint the Tetragraptus zone andthe zone with D i p 1 o g r a. p t u s den tat us are represented, and the association with species from the latterzone is always carefully mentioned, it is to be inferred that Halls types were associated with the major fauna, that of theTetragraptus zone. Strangely enough Ami[1889, p.] 16k], Lapworth [1886, p.184] andGrurley [1896, p.295] do not cite this speciesas having been found in the collecti

RM2JEGCWK–Graptolithina; Assemblage includes Phyllograptus, Isograptus, Tetragraptus and others.

Tetragraptus reclinatus Elles & Wood Stock Photo

RM2JNBX83–Tetragraptus reclinatus Elles & Wood

. Annual report . MUSEUM PLATE 11Genus tetragraptus Salter See pi. 9, 10, 12 Tetragraptus quadribrachiatus Hall (sp.) Page 6« 1 Young rhabdosome Graptolite bed 2 of the Deep kill section 2 A young rhabdosome referred to this species Graptolite bed 7 of the Deep kill section 3 Mature rhabdosome in which one of the branches has become laterally compressed, thus giving a lateral view of the thecaeGraptolite bed 2 of the Deep kill section 4 Common appearance and mode of preservation of the rhabdosomes in the shaleGraptolite bed 2 of the Deep kill section Tetragraptus amii Elles <fc Wood Page 64 Stock Photo

RM2CE00T2–. Annual report . MUSEUM PLATE 11Genus tetragraptus Salter See pi. 9, 10, 12 Tetragraptus quadribrachiatus Hall (sp.) Page 6« 1 Young rhabdosome Graptolite bed 2 of the Deep kill section 2 A young rhabdosome referred to this species Graptolite bed 7 of the Deep kill section 3 Mature rhabdosome in which one of the branches has become laterally compressed, thus giving a lateral view of the thecaeGraptolite bed 2 of the Deep kill section 4 Common appearance and mode of preservation of the rhabdosomes in the shaleGraptolite bed 2 of the Deep kill section Tetragraptus amii Elles <fc Wood Page 64

RM2JEGE3K–Graptolithina; Assemblage includes Phyllograptus, Isograptus, Tetragraptus and others.

. Annual report . Fig. 31 Desmograp-tus cancellatusHopkinson (sp.) Enlarge-ment of part of specimenreproduced on phite 3,figure 7. Deep kill. x3.75. GRAPTOLITES OF NEW YORK, PART 1 611 otherwise disturbed, and the terms Lower and Middle Arenig should beexchanged. If, however, the species recorded by Gurley from the Main Point Leviszone which corresponds to the Tetragraptus beds of the Deep kill section isidentical with our form, the latter would range from the Tetragraptus horizonto that with D i p 1 o g r a p t u s dentatus. H&nio/rks. This form, in some of its distal parts, agreesso closely Stock Photo

RM2CE03N6–. Annual report . Fig. 31 Desmograp-tus cancellatusHopkinson (sp.) Enlarge-ment of part of specimenreproduced on phite 3,figure 7. Deep kill. x3.75. GRAPTOLITES OF NEW YORK, PART 1 611 otherwise disturbed, and the terms Lower and Middle Arenig should beexchanged. If, however, the species recorded by Gurley from the Main Point Leviszone which corresponds to the Tetragraptus beds of the Deep kill section isidentical with our form, the latter would range from the Tetragraptus horizonto that with D i p 1 o g r a p t u s dentatus. H&nio/rks. This form, in some of its distal parts, agreesso closely

RM2JEGB7D–Graptolithina; Assemblage includes Phyllograptus, Isograptus, Tetragraptus and others.

. Annual report . nema and primary disk. x8All the originals are from graptolite bed 2 of the Deep kill sectionwith the exception of that of figure 11 which is from bed 3 and is doubt-fully referred to this species. 766 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM PLATE 10 Genus tetragraptus Salter See pi. 9, 11, 12 Tetragraptus fruticosus Hall (sp.) Page 649See pi. 9 1 Young rhabdosonie in which the branches have not yet commenced torecurve2, 3 Specimens with narrow, early recurving branches (var. tubiformis) 4 A well developed specimen with somewhat later beginning geniculation of the branches. Shows broad nema (n Stock Photo

RM2CE00XK–. Annual report . nema and primary disk. x8All the originals are from graptolite bed 2 of the Deep kill sectionwith the exception of that of figure 11 which is from bed 3 and is doubt-fully referred to this species. 766 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM PLATE 10 Genus tetragraptus Salter See pi. 9, 11, 12 Tetragraptus fruticosus Hall (sp.) Page 649See pi. 9 1 Young rhabdosonie in which the branches have not yet commenced torecurve2, 3 Specimens with narrow, early recurving branches (var. tubiformis) 4 A well developed specimen with somewhat later beginning geniculation of the branches. Shows broad nema (n

RM2JEG1A0–Graptolithina; Assemblage includes Phyllograptus, Isograptus, Tetragraptus and others.

. Annual report . Salter. Quar. Jour. Geol. Soc. 1853. 9:87, fig.laNon Graptolites (Didymograpsus) caduceus McCoy. Prodr. Pal. Vic-toria, decade 1. 1875. p.16, pl.2, fig.2, 3, 5Non Tetragraptus bigsbyi Ruedemann. N. Y. State Paleontol. An. Rept. 1902. p.590, hg.18 GRAPTOLITES OF NEW YORK. PART 1 659 Description. Small subcircular primary disk and very thin filiform nema.Rhabdosome of small size (usual length about 12 mm); forming a broadoval in younger, a more elongate truncate oval in older specimens; consistingof four relatively wide branches (1.6 mm at their origin, rapidly attaining awidth Stock Photo

RM2CE0323–. Annual report . Salter. Quar. Jour. Geol. Soc. 1853. 9:87, fig.laNon Graptolites (Didymograpsus) caduceus McCoy. Prodr. Pal. Vic-toria, decade 1. 1875. p.16, pl.2, fig.2, 3, 5Non Tetragraptus bigsbyi Ruedemann. N. Y. State Paleontol. An. Rept. 1902. p.590, hg.18 GRAPTOLITES OF NEW YORK. PART 1 659 Description. Small subcircular primary disk and very thin filiform nema.Rhabdosome of small size (usual length about 12 mm); forming a broadoval in younger, a more elongate truncate oval in older specimens; consistingof four relatively wide branches (1.6 mm at their origin, rapidly attaining awidth

RM2JEF7J1–Graptolithina; Assemblage includes Phyllograptus, Isograptus, Tetragraptus and others.

. Annual report . Victoria, decade 1. 1874. p.15, pi.2, fig.lNon Tetragraptus quadribrachiatus Etberidge jr. Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 4. 1874. 14:3, pl.3, fig.5-8Tetragrapsus quadribr a c h i a t u s Hopkinson & Lapworth. Quar. Jour. Geol. Soc. 1875. 31:649, pl.33, %.9a, 9bTetragraptus quadribrachiatus Linnarsson. Sver. Geol. Und. 1879. Afh. och upps. ser. C, no.31, p.5Tetragraptus quadribrachiatus Brugger. Die sil. Etagen 2 and 3. 1882. p.38Tetragraptus quadribrachiatus Tornquist. Sver. Geol. Und. 1883. Afh. och upps. ser. C, no.57, p.16Tetragraptus quadribrachiatus Herrmann. Quar. Jour. Stock Photo

RM2CE0343–. Annual report . Victoria, decade 1. 1874. p.15, pi.2, fig.lNon Tetragraptus quadribrachiatus Etberidge jr. Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 4. 1874. 14:3, pl.3, fig.5-8Tetragrapsus quadribr a c h i a t u s Hopkinson & Lapworth. Quar. Jour. Geol. Soc. 1875. 31:649, pl.33, %.9a, 9bTetragraptus quadribrachiatus Linnarsson. Sver. Geol. Und. 1879. Afh. och upps. ser. C, no.31, p.5Tetragraptus quadribrachiatus Brugger. Die sil. Etagen 2 and 3. 1882. p.38Tetragraptus quadribrachiatus Tornquist. Sver. Geol. Und. 1883. Afh. och upps. ser. C, no.57, p.16Tetragraptus quadribrachiatus Herrmann. Quar. Jour.

RM2JEKNX0–Graptolithina; Assemblage includes Phyllograptus, Isograptus, Tetragraptus and others.

. Annual report. New York State Museum; Science; Science. SYNOPTIC TABLE OF THE RANGE OF THE QRAPTOLITE GENERA OF THE UNITED STATES1 'Callograptus Ptilograptus Dictyonema Odontocaulis Ptiograptus Desmograptus Dendrograptus Cyclograptus Inocaulis Acanthograptus Palaeodictyota Thamnograptus Mastigograptus Chaunograptus Strophograptus Corynoides 'Bryograptus Staurograptus Temnograptus Goniograptus Loganograptus Dichograptus Tetragraptus Phyllograptus Didymograptus Azygograptus Leptograptus Sigmagraptus Syndyograptus Pleurograptus Amphigraptus Nemagraptus Dicellograptus .Dicranograptus 'Diplograpt Stock Photo

RMRMAN00–. Annual report. New York State Museum; Science; Science. SYNOPTIC TABLE OF THE RANGE OF THE QRAPTOLITE GENERA OF THE UNITED STATES1 'Callograptus Ptilograptus Dictyonema Odontocaulis Ptiograptus Desmograptus Dendrograptus Cyclograptus Inocaulis Acanthograptus Palaeodictyota Thamnograptus Mastigograptus Chaunograptus Strophograptus Corynoides 'Bryograptus Staurograptus Temnograptus Goniograptus Loganograptus Dichograptus Tetragraptus Phyllograptus Didymograptus Azygograptus Leptograptus Sigmagraptus Syndyograptus Pleurograptus Amphigraptus Nemagraptus Dicellograptus .Dicranograptus 'Diplograpt

RM2JEGDRD–Graptolithina; Assemblage includes Phyllograptus, Isograptus, Tetragraptus and others.

. Annual report of the Regents. New York State Museum; Science. 580 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM and. like Dichograptus octobrachiatus and Tetragraptus, reached a stage with a fixed and more limited number of branches. This form would then stand at the. Fig. 11 Idem. Mature hydrosome. Shows the restricted number of branches (24), in this variety. Nat. size end of the Goniograptidae, as far as the genus is known, and might be designated as Goniograptus thureaui var. postremus. The important ontogenetic and morphogenic facts of which this series of growth stages permits a statement are: 1 The " fu Stock Photo

RMRM56Y8–. Annual report of the Regents. New York State Museum; Science. 580 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM and. like Dichograptus octobrachiatus and Tetragraptus, reached a stage with a fixed and more limited number of branches. This form would then stand at the. Fig. 11 Idem. Mature hydrosome. Shows the restricted number of branches (24), in this variety. Nat. size end of the Goniograptidae, as far as the genus is known, and might be designated as Goniograptus thureaui var. postremus. The important ontogenetic and morphogenic facts of which this series of growth stages permits a statement are: 1 The " fu

RM2JEFNXD–Graptolithina; Assemblage includes Phyllograptus, Isograptus, Tetragraptus and others.

. Australasian fossils, a students' manual of palaeontology. Paleontology. rig. 30. A fossil Crinoid (Taxocrinus simplex, Phillips sp.) About V2 nat size. Wenlock Limestone (Silurian), Dudley, England. {Nat. Mus. Coll.). Fig. 31.—Graptolites on Slate (Tetragraptus fruticosus, J. Hall, sp.) Nat. Size. Lower Ordovician. Bendigo, Victoria. {Nat. Mus. Colt.) 62. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Chapman, Frank M. Stock Photo

RMRJRMY6–. Australasian fossils, a students' manual of palaeontology. Paleontology. rig. 30. A fossil Crinoid (Taxocrinus simplex, Phillips sp.) About V2 nat size. Wenlock Limestone (Silurian), Dudley, England. {Nat. Mus. Coll.). Fig. 31.—Graptolites on Slate (Tetragraptus fruticosus, J. Hall, sp.) Nat. Size. Lower Ordovician. Bendigo, Victoria. {Nat. Mus. Colt.) 62. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Chapman, Frank M.

RM2JENPK2–Graptolithina; Assemblage includes Phyllograptus, Isograptus, Tetragraptus and others.

. Bulletin - New York State Museum. Science. Fig. le Tetragraptus tar- axacum sp. nov. Shows abrupt change from narrow Fig. IT Dldymograptus (Leptograptus) sp. jiol. Pos- to wide thecae. x3}4 sesses short proximal and long distal thecae. x3J^ That the direct opposite pattern to this compact structure represented by Tetragraptus and Isograptus, namely the ex- tremely slender and graceful colonies of Leptograptus with their long filiform thecae, are likewise derived from a form having the Bryograptus type of thecal structure, is shown by the colony of a new species of Leptograptus from the Deep Stock Photo

RMRGK7XB–. Bulletin - New York State Museum. Science. Fig. le Tetragraptus tar- axacum sp. nov. Shows abrupt change from narrow Fig. IT Dldymograptus (Leptograptus) sp. jiol. Pos- to wide thecae. x3}4 sesses short proximal and long distal thecae. x3J^ That the direct opposite pattern to this compact structure represented by Tetragraptus and Isograptus, namely the ex- tremely slender and graceful colonies of Leptograptus with their long filiform thecae, are likewise derived from a form having the Bryograptus type of thecal structure, is shown by the colony of a new species of Leptograptus from the Deep

RM2JEGRKD–Graptolithina; Assemblage includes Phyllograptus, Isograptus, Tetragraptus and others.

. Annual report. New York State Museum; Science; Science. 72 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM in Tetragraptus fruticosus [see Mem. 7, text fig. 11, also ibid. pi. 10]. In those groups of Tetragraptus and Didymograptus, in which the recurving of the branches takes place close to the sicula, as in Tetra- graptus si mi lis [ibid, text fig. 58] the sicula and first thecae become spinose. Frequently the difference in aspect between these first, strongly spinose thecae and the later ones is strongly marked [Leptograptus flaccid us var. spinifer]. In several species of Didymograptus (D. subtenuis) and Nemagrapt Stock Photo

RMRMAMXJ–. Annual report. New York State Museum; Science; Science. 72 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM in Tetragraptus fruticosus [see Mem. 7, text fig. 11, also ibid. pi. 10]. In those groups of Tetragraptus and Didymograptus, in which the recurving of the branches takes place close to the sicula, as in Tetra- graptus si mi lis [ibid, text fig. 58] the sicula and first thecae become spinose. Frequently the difference in aspect between these first, strongly spinose thecae and the later ones is strongly marked [Leptograptus flaccid us var. spinifer]. In several species of Didymograptus (D. subtenuis) and Nemagrapt

. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Geology. Fig. 108 Tetragraptus (Tetragraptus) reclinatus reclinatus Elles & Wood 1902. Upper Arenig, Fennian, B. rushtoni Biozone, Pontyfenni Formation, loc. 23, specimen preserved in partial relief, under alcohol x 3, Q5799. Type locality and horizon. Randel Crag, Lake District, probably gibberulus Biozone. Occurrence in south Wales. Upper Arenig, Fennian, Bergamia rushtoni Biozone, Pontyfenni Formation, at loc. 23. Material. Q5799. Discussion. The species was discussed in detail by Cooper & Fortey (1982) and further comment is not r Stock Photo

RMRGHB0B–. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Geology. Fig. 108 Tetragraptus (Tetragraptus) reclinatus reclinatus Elles & Wood 1902. Upper Arenig, Fennian, B. rushtoni Biozone, Pontyfenni Formation, loc. 23, specimen preserved in partial relief, under alcohol x 3, Q5799. Type locality and horizon. Randel Crag, Lake District, probably gibberulus Biozone. Occurrence in south Wales. Upper Arenig, Fennian, Bergamia rushtoni Biozone, Pontyfenni Formation, at loc. 23. Material. Q5799. Discussion. The species was discussed in detail by Cooper & Fortey (1982) and further comment is not r

. Annual report of the Regents. New York State Museum; Science. Fig. 16 Tetragraptus tar- axjacum sp. nov. Snows abrupt change from narrow Pig. 17 Didymograptus (Leptogr apt us) sp. nov. Pos- to wide thecae. x3J^ sesses short proximal and long distal thecae. x3^| That the direct opposite pattern to this compact structure represented by Tetragraptus and Isograptus, namely the ex- tremely slender and graceful colonies of Leptograptus with their long filiform thecae, are likewise derived from a form having the Bryograptus type of thecal structure, is shown by the colony of a new species of Leptog Stock Photo

RMRM56T1–. Annual report of the Regents. New York State Museum; Science. Fig. 16 Tetragraptus tar- axjacum sp. nov. Snows abrupt change from narrow Pig. 17 Didymograptus (Leptogr apt us) sp. nov. Pos- to wide thecae. x3J^ sesses short proximal and long distal thecae. x3^| That the direct opposite pattern to this compact structure represented by Tetragraptus and Isograptus, namely the ex- tremely slender and graceful colonies of Leptograptus with their long filiform thecae, are likewise derived from a form having the Bryograptus type of thecal structure, is shown by the colony of a new species of Leptog

. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Geology. ARENIG IN SOUTH WALES 253. Fig. 108 Tetragraptus (Tetragraptus) reclinatus reclinatus Elles & Wood 1902. Upper Arenig, Fennian, B. rushtoni Biozone, Pontyfenni Formation, loc. 23, specimen preserved in partial relief, under alcohol x 3, Q5799. Type locality and horizon. Randel Crag, Lake District, probably gibberulus Biozone. Occurrence in south Wales. Upper Arenig, Fennian, Bergamia rushtoni Biozone, Pontyfenni Formation, at loc. 23. Material. Q5799. Discussion. The species was discussed in detail by Cooper & Fortey (1982) a Stock Photo

RMRGHB0K–. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Geology. ARENIG IN SOUTH WALES 253. Fig. 108 Tetragraptus (Tetragraptus) reclinatus reclinatus Elles & Wood 1902. Upper Arenig, Fennian, B. rushtoni Biozone, Pontyfenni Formation, loc. 23, specimen preserved in partial relief, under alcohol x 3, Q5799. Type locality and horizon. Randel Crag, Lake District, probably gibberulus Biozone. Occurrence in south Wales. Upper Arenig, Fennian, Bergamia rushtoni Biozone, Pontyfenni Formation, at loc. 23. Material. Q5799. Discussion. The species was discussed in detail by Cooper & Fortey (1982) a

. Australasian fossils, a students' manual of palaeontology. Paleontology. Pig. 73.-LOWER ORDOVICIAN GRAPTOUTES.. A— Bryograptus clarki, T. S. Hall. I,. Ordovician. Iyancefield, Vict. B—Tetragraptus fruticosus, J. Hall sp. I,. Ordovician. Iyancefield. C—Phyllograptus typus, J. Hall. I,. Ordovician. I,ancefield. D—Goniograptus macer, T. S. Hall. I,. Ordovician. I^ancefield. E—Didymograptus caduceus, Salter. X,. Ordovician. I,ancefield. F—Trigonograptus wilkinsoni T.S.Hall. I,. Ordov. Darriwill, Vict. rig. 74.—LOWER ORDOVICIAN GRAPTOUTES.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned Stock Photo

RMRJRKMT–. Australasian fossils, a students' manual of palaeontology. Paleontology. Pig. 73.-LOWER ORDOVICIAN GRAPTOUTES.. A— Bryograptus clarki, T. S. Hall. I,. Ordovician. Iyancefield, Vict. B—Tetragraptus fruticosus, J. Hall sp. I,. Ordovician. Iyancefield. C—Phyllograptus typus, J. Hall. I,. Ordovician. I,ancefield. D—Goniograptus macer, T. S. Hall. I,. Ordovician. I^ancefield. E—Didymograptus caduceus, Salter. X,. Ordovician. I,ancefield. F—Trigonograptus wilkinsoni T.S.Hall. I,. Ordov. Darriwill, Vict. rig. 74.—LOWER ORDOVICIAN GRAPTOUTES.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned

. Australasian fossils, a students' manual of palaeontology. Paleontology. A— Bryograptus clarki, T. S. Hall. I,. Ordovician. Iyancefield, Vict. B—Tetragraptus fruticosus, J. Hall sp. I,. Ordovician. Iyancefield. C—Phyllograptus typus, J. Hall. I,. Ordovician. I,ancefield. D—Goniograptus macer, T. S. Hall. I,. Ordovician. I^ancefield. E—Didymograptus caduceus, Salter. X,. Ordovician. I,ancefield. F—Trigonograptus wilkinsoni T.S.Hall. I,. Ordov. Darriwill, Vict. rig. 74.—LOWER ORDOVICIAN GRAPTOUTES.. A—IyOganograptus logani. J. Hall sp. Iy. Ordov. Newham, Vict. B—Tetragraptus approxiraatus, Nic Stock Photo

RMRJRKM7–. Australasian fossils, a students' manual of palaeontology. Paleontology. A— Bryograptus clarki, T. S. Hall. I,. Ordovician. Iyancefield, Vict. B—Tetragraptus fruticosus, J. Hall sp. I,. Ordovician. Iyancefield. C—Phyllograptus typus, J. Hall. I,. Ordovician. I,ancefield. D—Goniograptus macer, T. S. Hall. I,. Ordovician. I^ancefield. E—Didymograptus caduceus, Salter. X,. Ordovician. I,ancefield. F—Trigonograptus wilkinsoni T.S.Hall. I,. Ordov. Darriwill, Vict. rig. 74.—LOWER ORDOVICIAN GRAPTOUTES.. A—IyOganograptus logani. J. Hall sp. Iy. Ordov. Newham, Vict. B—Tetragraptus approxiraatus, Nic

. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Geology. 252 R. A. FORTEY & R. M. OWENS Tetragraptus (Tetragraptus) bigsbyi askerensis Monsen 1937 (Figs 107a, b) 1937 Tetragraptus bigsbyi var. askerensis Monsen: 172-173; pi. 4, figs 15, 16; pi. 5, fig. 35; pi. 13, figs 5, 6; pi. 19, figs 4, 6, 9. Holotype. Palaeontological Museum, Oslo, K 0679; from the Lower Didymograptus Shale, Phyllograptus angustifolius elongatus Biozone (late Arenig); Slemmestad, Norway. Diagnosis. See Monsen, 1937: 172. Occurrence in south Wales. Upper Arenig, Fennian, Bergamia rushtoni Biozone at loc. 24, Llwyn- Stock Photo

RMRGHB1M–. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Geology. 252 R. A. FORTEY & R. M. OWENS Tetragraptus (Tetragraptus) bigsbyi askerensis Monsen 1937 (Figs 107a, b) 1937 Tetragraptus bigsbyi var. askerensis Monsen: 172-173; pi. 4, figs 15, 16; pi. 5, fig. 35; pi. 13, figs 5, 6; pi. 19, figs 4, 6, 9. Holotype. Palaeontological Museum, Oslo, K 0679; from the Lower Didymograptus Shale, Phyllograptus angustifolius elongatus Biozone (late Arenig); Slemmestad, Norway. Diagnosis. See Monsen, 1937: 172. Occurrence in south Wales. Upper Arenig, Fennian, Bergamia rushtoni Biozone at loc. 24, Llwyn-

. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Geology. . Fig. 107 Tetragraptus (Tetragraptus) bigsbyi askerensis Monsen 1937. Upper Arenig, Fennian, B. rushtoni Biozone, loc. 24. a-b, stipe pair, flattened, x 5, Q5798; a beneath alcohol, b in reflected light. Tetragraptus (Tetragraptus) reclinatus reclinatus Elles & Wood 1902 (Fig. 108) 1902 Tetragraptus reclinatus Elles & Wood: 67, fig. 41; pi. 6, figs 5a-e. 1909 Tetragraptus serra (Brongniart); Cantrill, in Strahan et al.: 20. 1982 Tetragraptus (Tetragraptus) reclinatus reclinatus Elles & Wood; Cooper & Fortey: 203-205, Stock Photo

RMRGHB18–. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Geology. . Fig. 107 Tetragraptus (Tetragraptus) bigsbyi askerensis Monsen 1937. Upper Arenig, Fennian, B. rushtoni Biozone, loc. 24. a-b, stipe pair, flattened, x 5, Q5798; a beneath alcohol, b in reflected light. Tetragraptus (Tetragraptus) reclinatus reclinatus Elles & Wood 1902 (Fig. 108) 1902 Tetragraptus reclinatus Elles & Wood: 67, fig. 41; pi. 6, figs 5a-e. 1909 Tetragraptus serra (Brongniart); Cantrill, in Strahan et al.: 20. 1982 Tetragraptus (Tetragraptus) reclinatus reclinatus Elles & Wood; Cooper & Fortey: 203-205,

. Bulletin - New York State Museum. Science. i»>0 m: h>i:k m a I h MUSIXM aud, like 1) i c h o ji: r a p t u s o c t o b r a e h i a t u s and Tetragraptus, reached a staj^'e with a tixed aud more limited Dumber of braiuhes. This form would then stand at the. Fig. 11 Idem. Mature hydrosome. Shows the restricted number of branches (24), in this variety. Nat. size end of the Goniograptidae, as far as the genus is known, and might be designated as Goniograptus thureaui var. postremus. The important ontogenetic and morphogenic facts of which this series of growth stages permits a statement Stock Photo

RMRGK80N–. Bulletin - New York State Museum. Science. i»>0 m: h>i:k m a I h MUSIXM aud, like 1) i c h o ji: r a p t u s o c t o b r a e h i a t u s and Tetragraptus, reached a staj^'e with a tixed aud more limited Dumber of braiuhes. This form would then stand at the. Fig. 11 Idem. Mature hydrosome. Shows the restricted number of branches (24), in this variety. Nat. size end of the Goniograptidae, as far as the genus is known, and might be designated as Goniograptus thureaui var. postremus. The important ontogenetic and morphogenic facts of which this series of growth stages permits a statement

. Elemente der palaeontologie. (Palaeozoologie.). Paleontology. 110 Coelenterata. Didymograptus J^FCoy (Fig. 125) mit zwei einfachen Aesten. Unter-Silur. Trichograptus Nich. Die zwei Hauptäste mit einfachen Nebenzweigen besetzt. Unter-Sihir. Fig. 125. Fig. 126.. Didymograptus pennatulus Hall. Unter-Silur, Canada. Tetragraptus hryonoides Hall. Unter-Silur. Canada. Tetragraptus Salter (Fig. 126) mit vier einfachen aus der Sicula hervor- gehenden, Zellen tragenden Aesten. Unter-Silur. Ycr 127. Hier schliessen sich ferner an: Goniograptus M^Coy, Schizograpius Nichoh., Temnograptiis Nich. Bichogra Stock Photo

RMRCW77E–. Elemente der palaeontologie. (Palaeozoologie.). Paleontology. 110 Coelenterata. Didymograptus J^FCoy (Fig. 125) mit zwei einfachen Aesten. Unter-Silur. Trichograptus Nich. Die zwei Hauptäste mit einfachen Nebenzweigen besetzt. Unter-Sihir. Fig. 125. Fig. 126.. Didymograptus pennatulus Hall. Unter-Silur, Canada. Tetragraptus hryonoides Hall. Unter-Silur. Canada. Tetragraptus Salter (Fig. 126) mit vier einfachen aus der Sicula hervor- gehenden, Zellen tragenden Aesten. Unter-Silur. Ycr 127. Hier schliessen sich ferner an: Goniograptus M^Coy, Schizograpius Nichoh., Temnograptiis Nich. Bichogra

. Elemente der palaeontologie. (Palaeozoologie.). Paleontology. Didymograptus pennatulus Hall. Unter-Silur, Canada. Tetragraptus hryonoides Hall. Unter-Silur. Canada. Tetragraptus Salter (Fig. 126) mit vier einfachen aus der Sicula hervor- gehenden, Zellen tragenden Aesten. Unter-Silur. Ycr 127. Hier schliessen sich ferner an: Goniograptus M^Coy, Schizograpius Nichoh., Temnograptiis Nich. Bichograptus Salt (Fig. 127), Stöckchen aus acht einfachen, einzeiligen Aesten, deren zellen- losen Stiele meist durch eine Centralscheibe ver- bunden sind. Unter-Silur. Loganographis Hall. Mit 16—32 durch D Stock Photo

RMRCW77C–. Elemente der palaeontologie. (Palaeozoologie.). Paleontology. Didymograptus pennatulus Hall. Unter-Silur, Canada. Tetragraptus hryonoides Hall. Unter-Silur. Canada. Tetragraptus Salter (Fig. 126) mit vier einfachen aus der Sicula hervor- gehenden, Zellen tragenden Aesten. Unter-Silur. Ycr 127. Hier schliessen sich ferner an: Goniograptus M^Coy, Schizograpius Nichoh., Temnograptiis Nich. Bichograptus Salt (Fig. 127), Stöckchen aus acht einfachen, einzeiligen Aesten, deren zellen- losen Stiele meist durch eine Centralscheibe ver- bunden sind. Unter-Silur. Loganographis Hall. Mit 16—32 durch D

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