International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive System (IJPEDS)
Vol. 11, No. 3, September 2020, pp. 1379~1387
ISSN: 2088-8694, DOI: 10.11591/ijpeds.v11.i3.pp1379-1387
1379
Time response of FOPID controlled PV based cascaded
landsman converter-inverter fed induction motor and electric
drives applications
R. Pazhanimurugan1, R. Bensraj2, C. R. Balamurugan3
1,2 Faculty
3 Department
of Engineering and Technology, Annamalai University, India
of Electrical Engineering, Karpagam College of Engineering, India
Article Info
ABSTRACT
Article history:
Time Response enhancement utilizing photovoltaic based cascaded
Landsman Converter (LC) structure is one of the soft strategies in the recent
scenario. The prime function of a DC-DC Landsman converter is to optimize
the output power of the photovoltaic array and reduce the output voltage
ripples. This paper reveals the demonstration and simulation of the Cascaded
Landsman Converter Inverter System (CLCIS) with a PV source. MATLAB
Simulink-model for CLCIS has been created utilizing the components of
Simulink and closed-loop examinations are performed with PI and
Fractional-Order-PID (FOPID) Controllers. The present work deal with the
comparison of transient and steady-state time responses of CLCIS with PI
and FOPID controllers. The outcomes demonstrate that dynamic reaction is
enhanced by utilizing FOPID controller.
Received Sep 25, 2019
Revised Dec 15, 2019
Accepted Feb 16, 2020
Keywords:
CLCIS
FOPID
LC
Photovoltaic array
PI
PWM
Voltage regulation
This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA license.
Corresponding Author:
R. Pazhanimurugan,
Faculty of Engineering and Technology,
Annamalai University,
Chidambaram, India.
Email: rpmuruganmail@gmail.com
1.
INTRODUCTION
Regular Buck, Boost and Buck-Boost converters are not reasonable for low and medium voltage
Induction motor drive applications. In addition, these DC-DC converters not appropriate for power factor
improvement, consistent yield voltage and to decrease harmonic mutilation. Three propelled topologies, to be
specific SEPIC, Zeta, and Landsman Converters (LCs) are prescribed to limit the disadvantages of these
essential DC-DC converters. These converters work on Buck-Boost mode dependent on load prerequisites.
Singh and Bist proposed a BL-CSC converter works in DICM for DC link voltage control to control
the speed of the electrical drives [1]. Williams proposed three sorts of DC-DC converters, each type with
three quantities of buck, lift and buck-support voltage configurations that offer ceaseless vitality flow and
yield vitality stream necessary for non-regular vitality source, MPPT and greatest source vitality extraction
[2, 3]. Landsman suggests a canonical changing cell from which the three essential DC-DC converter
topologies energy can be derived [4]. Barry clarified the fundamental ideas of all fundamental mono-switch,
dual-state, DC-DC voltage sourced converters, by duality, as nonexclusive related current and voltagesourced converters [5]. Leonhard set forward that as opposed to DC drives, there is a decision of a wide
range of blends of intensity converters and AC machines, each having specific advantages [6]. Anjanee
Kumar Mishra and Bhim Singh concentrated on the proposition and usage of an effective and ease
photovoltaic generator-based water siphoning framework including a switched reluctance motor drive [7].
Journal homepage: http://ijpeds.iaescore.com
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MATLAB Simulink based examination and correlation of SEPIC, Landsman, and Zeta converters for PV
took care of induction motor drive applications are completed in [8]. Partial Order PID Controlled PV BuckBoost Converter with Coupled Inductor topology was executed for unadulterated DC load. Durgadevi and
Karthick actualized the fragmentary order PID controller for yield voltage control of DC-DC Zeta converter
[9]. Field-direction control using complex TF work to tune the PI-controller is introduced in [10, 11]. The PI
controller associated with the IM direct torque control has been shown by [12]. To improve the execution
characteristics of the motor when worked with variable repeat supplies, it is required to control voltage [13].
Usually, the PI controller is used for controlling the drive. PI gathers botch, making a significant overshoot in
the speed response which, in the most cynical situation, could even unbalance out the structure; a marvel is
known as Windup [14]. Comparison among PI and FOPID controlled PV took care of buck help converter
with coupled inductor framework for DC load was implemented [15]. FOPID controller design procedures
and transfer function successive approximation and optimization techniques are presented by Rasoanarivo
[16]. Sathya and Arounassalame suggested a partial order PID controller for the Soft Switched Boost
converter in [17]. Fragmentary order displaying has pulled in the consideration of researchers and designers
in the field of control system plan [18, 19]. Time response analysis was done for PI and Fuzzy Logic
controlled SEPIC converter based resonant inverter took care of induction warming system [20]. R. Duma, P.
Dobra, and M. Trusca implemented a FOPID controller for DC motor control with five parameters tuning
[21]. The single-phase-engines are generally connected to single-phase electrical framework for electrical
home gadgets, for-example, centrifugal-pump, electric-fan, air-blower, etc while the three-phase induction
motors are typically connected to a three-phase electrical framework for mechanical applications like the
prime-mover inline creation framework because of their moderately ease, free support &high unwavering
quality [22][23]. The IM can be utilized for a steady speed when the recurrence of the voltage source is a
consistent. Due to the advancement of power electronics by producing a three-phase supply of variable
frequency and voltage with PWM systems, speed control is realized. [24]. Induction engine drives are
discovered applications in transportation and electric trains, family apparatuses, paper, and material ventures,
rolling and concrete factories, siphons, blowers, lift, transports, smashers, machine instruments, and
mechanical technology, and so on. As per Electric Power Research Institute, USA, practically 60% to 65% of
energy is devoured by electric engine drives in which 75% of electrical engine drives are siphon, fan, and
blower type drives. The greater part of the siphons and fans in businesses are utilized for liquid
stream control [25].
Cascaded LC has gained more importance due to its voltage regulation capability and power quality
improvement characteristics. To exploit the advantages of a landsman converter, the investigation was done
for a suitable controller. In this scenario, combining the advantages of the combination of LC and FOPID
controllers, a novel method is proposed to improve the voltage regulation and time-domain specifications of
LC output to feed the VSI which drives the most popular electrical drive known as IM. In this paper, a
FOPID controlled cascaded LC to improve the transient response is proposed. The study results in better
voltage regulation reduced ripples and improved time response specifications. The productive utilization of
PV exhibit and constraining the high starting inrush current in the engine drive is the prime assignment of an
LC.
2.
DESIGN AND PRINCIPLE OF LANDSMAN CONVERTER
A Landsman Converter (LC) is one of the topologies of a DC-DC buck-support converter, able to
defeat the confinement of recently utilized converters in a photovoltaic array. This converter is determined by
a Canonical Switching Converter (CSC) or topological changes on a DC-DC boost converter. The adjustment
in CSC with a yield-inductor, consequences in an LC. The output and input currents have broad current
undulation which is a disadvantage of the CSC converter. In the expansion of a little inductance at the yield
of this transformation stage leads to a certified switched-mode topology. CSC has astounding execution
capacity as a power factor pre-regulator. A blend of switch SW1, capacitor C2, and diode D3 is known as a
'canonical switching cell' and this cell joined with an inductor L2 and a DC interface capacitor C4 is
identified as a CSC converter. Among different DC-DC converters, LC meets the ideal execution of the
framework contrasted with other converters. The conventional buck-boost converter has the most minimal
number of segments; however, it yields high current ripples. The proposed LC has a critical component that
the input current ripples and yield current ripples are low.
The continuous conduction mode of operation is also to be achieved in LC by the appropriate design
of the components. Depending on the ecological factors the operation of the converter is in boost or buckmode. A schematic diagram of PV connected with the landsman appears in Figure 1.
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Figure 1. A schematic diagram of landsman converter with PV source
The value is the yield voltage of LC and the input voltage is from sun oriented PV array is obtained
as the Vmpp. The various parameters such as input inductor L1, output inductor L2, DC-link capacitor C1,
and intermediate capacitor C2 of the LC are designed. The following values are considered for simulation
work and it is shown in Table-1.
(1)
(2)
(3)
Table 1. Simulation parameters
Vin
C1
L1
C2 , C3
C4
L2
MOSFET(IRF840)
DIODE
V0
200v
2500µF
0.5mH
0.3µF
0.1µF
1mH
500V/8A
230V/1A
415V
3.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PROPOSED SYSTEM
The LC supplies the Voltage Source Inverter which drives the IM coupled with the centrifugal
pump. The output of the PV cluster is increased utilizing LC. The boosted DC is given to a PWM inverter.
The LC is another alternative for directing an unregulated input power supply, similar to a minimal effortwall-wart. LC-based power factor rectifier as appeared in Fig-1 is intended to work in continuous conduction
mode for dynamic characteristic control at landsman converter voltage. In contrast with Zeta, LC gives better
execution for the IM drive application. Three operating phases of a PV based LC are explained in this
section.
Mode I: When the switch-SW1 is ON, vitality from the supply and stored vitality in the middle of
the road capacitor C2 are transferred to enter inductor L2. The yield inductor L5 begins releasing and the
voltage of the middle capacitor C2 begins diminishing while DC-connect voltage across C4 begins rising.
The designing value of the middle capacitor is sufficiently huge to store required vitality with the end goal
that the voltage across the capacitor doesnot get discontinuous.
Mode II: In this method of converter activity, the switch is turned off. A transitional capacitor C2
and DC-link side inductor L5 are charging through the supply current while yield inductor L2 begins
releasing. Hence, the voltage across C2 starts increasing in this mode. Moreover, the voltage across the DC
capacitor C4 decreases.
Mode III: This is the DCM for converter operation as the enter inductor L2 is released totally and
the current through L2 gets zero. The current through DC bus side inductor L5 begins rising and the voltage
of the middle capacitor C2 keeps on diminishing in this mode. The cascaded output of the converter is given
to VSI. The VSI fed IM pumping system is given in Figure 2.
Time response of FOPID controlled PV based cascaded landsman converter … (R. Pazhanimurugan)
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Figure 2. PV based Landsman Converter fed Induction Motor Pumping System
As of late, it has been shown that fragmentary order differential conditions can depict the conduct of
some demonstrable dynamical systems superior to their whole number order counterparts. Using fragmentary
order displaying, a summarized variation of the customary PID controllers, known as FO-PID is proposed.
The augmentation of the traditional PID controller is the FOPID controller. The PID controller has three
parameters that can be changed to tune the controller, while the FOPID controller has five parameters.
Therefore, higher adaptability and better shut circle execution can be accomplished utilizing a FOPID
controller. Fragmentary order calculus is utilized in a wide scope of science and engineering fields and
furthermore in the field of control frameworks.
The TF of fragmentary order controller is communicated as beneath.
(S) =
+
(4)
Kp, Ki, Kd are proportional, integral, derivative gains respectively for traditional PID controllers
whereas the FOPID controller has two additional parameters namely, integral order(λ) and differential
order(μ).With the two additional parameters, the FOPID can be spoken to as the general order of the PID and
extends it from point to plan and includes greater adaptability and more precision in framework control. The
plan parameters, for example, Kp, Ki, and Kd are gotten through the Zeigler-Nichols technique for the whole
number order PID controller are utilized in this FOPID controller. The extra parameters for example noninteger order of integrator and differentiator are picked utilizing experimentation strategy to get the optimum
outcome.
4. SIMULATION RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
4.1. LC with PI controller
Circuit-diagram of closed-loop-control of of landsman converter with induction motor drive with PIcontroller is delineated in Figure 3.
Figure 3. Circuit diagram of PV based LC with induction motor drive with PI controller
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Voltage across PV panel is delineated in Figure 4 and its value is 220V. Voltage across the
landsman converter is delineated in Figure 5 and its value is 420V.
Figure 4. Voltage across PV Panel
Figure 5. Voltage across landsman converter
Voltage across the inverter is delineated in Figure 6.
Figure 6. Voltage across inverter
The Induction motor-speed generation curve is delineated in Figure 7 and it is settled after 2.65sec
and the speed of the motor is 1299rpm.Torque is delineated in Figure 8 and its value is 2.6Nm.
Figure 7. Motor speed
Time response of FOPID controlled PV based cascaded landsman converter … (R. Pazhanimurugan)
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Figure 8. Motor torque
4.2. LC with FOPID controller
The LC took care of the induction motor is examined at consistent irradiance of 1000w/m condition.
The LC framework is planned by utilizing the parameters of Table.1 and its yield voltage is assessed in the
Time domain platform utilizing MATLAB Simulink-model. The transient and steady-state time-domain
response of the projected FOPID controller is assessed and contrasted with the PI controller. The benefits of
partial order controllers are exploited to improve the dynamical time response. They are less sensitive to
alterations in the parameters of a controlled framework and to alterations in the parameters of the controller
itself. The Circuit-outline of closed-loop control of LC with IM drive with the FOPID controller is depicted
in Figure 9.
Figure 9. Circuit diagram of PV based LC with induction motor drive with FOPID controller
The yield of the PV panel is given as a contribution to the LC with induction motor drive is
appeared in Figure 10 and its worth is 220V. The yield voltage across the proposed LC is portrayed in
Figure 11 and its worth is 420V. Smooth control of DC connect voltage is gotten with restricted overshooting
supply shows the dynamic conduct of the proposed framework. Figure 12 shows the voltage across the
inverter. The Induction motor-speed generation curve is delineated in Figure 13 and it is settled after 2.00sec
and the speed of the motor is 1300 rpm. Torque is shown in Figure 14 and its worth is 2.6 Nm.
Figure 10. Voltage across PV panel
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Figure 11. Voltage across LC
Figure 12. Voltage across Inverter
Figure 13. Motor speed
Figure 14. Motor torque
Figure 15 shows a comparison chart of time-domain parameters with PI and FOPID controllers. By
utilizing FOPID controller it is seen that the 'ascent time' is decreased from 0.99sec to 0.97sec; 'settling-time'
is reduced from 2.65sec to 2.00sec; 'peak time' is reduced from 1.10sec to 1.00sec; 'steady state-error' is
decreased from 1.9V to1.5V
Figure 15. Comparison of Time-Domain-Parameters with PI and FOPID Controllers
5.
CONCLUSION
Open-loop disturbance CLCIS, closed-loop voltage regulation CLCIS with PI, and FOPID
controllers are modeled and simulated results are introduced. The analysis indicated that FOPID controlled
CLCIS system gives improved time response. The analysis and simulation show that constant voltage and
Time response of FOPID controlled PV based cascaded landsman converter … (R. Pazhanimurugan)
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constant speed can be maintained by using FOPID. The outcome represents that the FOPID controlled system
is having low steady-state error and settling time. The benefits of the proposed framework are better speed
response and high voltage gain.
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BIOGRAPHIES OF AUTHORS
Mr. R. Pazhanimurugan received his B.E degree in Electrical and Electronics Engineering from
Amrita Institute of Technology, Coimbatore. He has completed his post graduation in Power
Electronics and Drives at SRM University, Chennai. He has been working as Assistant
Professor at Arasu Engineering College, Kumbakonam, India since June 2013. Currently, he is
pursuing Ph.D. at Annamalai University in the domain of PV based landsman converter with
induction motor drives. He has six publications in international journals and presented many
papers in various national and international conferences. His research interests include control
and analysis of power converters and inverters, solar power systems, HVDC, hybrid systems.
R. Bensraj was born in 1973 in Marthandam. He has obtained B.E(Electrical Electronics and
Power) and M.E (Power Systems) from Dr.Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University,
Maharashtra and Annamalai University respectively and then Ph.D in Power Electronics from
Annamalai University, Chidambaram in 2011. He is currently working as Associate Professor in
the Department of Electrical Engineering, Annamalai University where he has put in ninteen
years of service. He produced four Ph.Ds and presently guiding three Ph.D Scholars and so far
guided twelve M.E students. He has eighty publicaions in national, international journals and
conferences. His fields of interest include multilevel inverter, power quality and Power
electronics in power systems and also in image processing.
Dr. C.R. Balamurugan was born in 1978 in Kumbakonam. He has obtained B.E (Electrical and
Electronics), M.E (Power Electronics and Drives) and Ph.D (Instrumentation EngineeringPower Electronics) degrees in 2000, 2005 and 2015 respectively from Arunai Engineering
College, Tiruvannamalai, Sathyabama University, Chennai and Annamalai University,
Chidambaram. He has been working in the teaching field for about 14 years. His areas of
interest include power electronics, electrical machines and solar energy systems. He has 110
publications in international journals. His research papers 80 have been presented in
various/IEEE international/national conferences. Currently, he is working as Professor and
Head in the Department of EEE, Karpagam College of Engineering, Coimbatore. He is guiding
7 Ph.D scholars under Anna university, Chennai. He got Best Faculty Awards for nearly five
times. He wrote more than thirty books. He is the reviewer for many reputed journals. He is a
life member of Instrument Society of India and Indian Society for Technical Education. He is a
member in IEEE. He cleared NPTEL certification Course. Received “DIGITAL GURU
AWARD AND CASH PRIZE” for valuable contributions towards the digital content developed
for Power Electronics
Time response of FOPID controlled PV based cascaded landsman converter … (R. Pazhanimurugan)