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Rural and remote health
Farmers and farm workers have higher than expected rates of suicide and undetermined deaths in UK studies, and some rural areas of Scotland have higher than average male suicide rates. Firearm access seems to be an influencing factor in England and Wales. Type of farming, and farming social networks may also be important. This article describes suicide and undetermined deaths in male farmers and farm workers in Scotland from 1981-1999 using anonymised, routine data. Deaths of men aged 15-74 years from suicide or undetermined cause were identified from anonymised Scottish death records. Farmers and farm workers were identified using occupation codes. Methods of suicide used by farmers were compared with those of the general male population of the same age. A multiple linear regression was used to examine the influence of farm type, and the proportion of farmers in the working population of an area. 307 male farmers or farm workers died by suicide or undetermined cause in the time per...
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
Suicide in Rural Australia: Are Farming-Related Suicides Different?2020 •
Rural Australians experience a range of health inequities—including higher rates of suicide—when compared to the general population. This retrospective cohort study compares demographic characteristics and suicide death circumstances of farming- and non-farming-related suicides in rural Victoria with the aim of: (a) exploring the contributing factors to farming-related suicide in Australia’s largest agricultural producing state; and (b) examining whether farming-related suicides differ from suicide in rural communities. Farming-related suicide deaths were more likely to: (a) be employed at the time of death (52.6% vs. 37.7%, OR = 1.84, 95% CIs 1.28–2.64); and, (b) have died through use of a firearm (30.1% vs. 8.7%, OR = 4.51, 95% CIs 2.97–6.92). However, farming-related suicides were less likely to (a) have a diagnosed mental illness (36.1% vs. 46.1%, OR=0.66, 95% CIs 0.46–0.96) and, (b) have received mental health support more than six weeks prior to death (39.8% vs. 50.0%, OR = 0....
International journal of environmental research and public health
Pathways to Suicide in Australian Farmers: A Life Chart Analysis2017 •
Farmers have been found to be at increased risk of suicide in Australia. The Interpersonal-Psychological Theory of Suicidal Behaviour suggests that the proximal factors leading to the suicidal desire or ideation include an individual's experiences of both perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness. Suicidal desire with acquired capability to engage in lethal self-injury is predictive of suicidal behaviour. This study investigates the pathways to suicide of 18 Australian male farmers in order to understand the suicidal process and antecedents to suicide in Australian male farmers. The psychological autopsy (PA) method was used to generate life charts. Two pathways with distinct suicidal processes were identified: acute situational (romantic relationship problems and financial concerns/pending retirement) and protracted (long-term psychiatric disorder). Long working hours, interpersonal conflicts, physical illnesses and pain, alcohol abuse, access to firearms, and exposur...
BMC Public Health
Social factors and Australian farmer suicide: a qualitative studyRural and remote health
Suicide and accidental death in Australia’s rural farming communities: a review of the literatureIntroduction: Australia’s farmers constitute a heterogeneous group within the rural population. This literature review incorporates four broad areas: an understanding of farming communities, families and individuals and the contexts in which they live and work; an exploration of the challenges to morbidity and mortality that these communities face; a description of the patterns of suicide and accidental death in farming communities; and an outline of what is missing from the current body of research. Recommendations will be made on how these gaps may be addressed. Methods: In developing this comprehensive literature review, a snowballing and saturation approach was adopted. Initial search terms included suicid*, farm*, accident*, fatal*, death, sudden death, rural OR remote, Australia and NOT Australia. Databases searched included SCOPUS, PubMed, Proquest and SafetyLit; research from 1995 onwards was examined for relevance. Earlier seminal texts were also included. Reference lists o...
The Journal of Rural Health
Trends and Characteristics of Occupational Suicide and Homicide in Farmers and Agriculture Workers, 1992-20102017 •
Journal of Rural Health
“The Masks We Wear”: A Qualitative Study of Suicide in Australian Farmers2018 •
Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology
A review of completed suicides in the Lothian and Borders Region of Scotland (1987-1991)1994 •
A review of 400 completed suicides encountered during a 5-year period (January 1987-December 1991) in the Lothian and Borders Region of Scotland (LBRS) was conducted. The incidence was 9.4 per 100,000 with a M:F ratio of 2.4:1; the elderly had a significantly higher (P < 0.001) rate (9.9 per 100,000) compared to adolescents (3.3 per 100,000). Significantly (P < 0.001) more cases occurred in the rural communities. Overall, the peak incidence was in the 45- to 54-year age group. Drug overdose was the most common (39%) method used by both sexes and in both urban and rural communities; it was the first choice for virtually all age groups, and females exhibited greater preference. Analgesics and tricyclic antidepressants were the most common drugs used. Hanging (19.8%) was popular among the young and the elderly (> 64 years) suicides. Inhalation of car exhaust (13.3%) was a rural phenomenon and was common in the 25- to 54-year age group. Jumping from heights (9.8%) was more comm...
In this article, I intend to briefly present, first of all, Aristotle' s view regarding metaphor in general and later to focus mainly on his (implicit) conception about scientific metaphor. There is no doubt that such (short) presentations have already been made. Nevertheless, I hope my presentation will be original due to the different perspective from which I judge the subject-matter. In other words, what I aim here is to clarify certain aspects of Aristotle' s theory concerning metaphor, namely those aspects which may seem strange to the readers from nowadays, who understand metaphor in a dissimilar way in some regards. For instance, one can sometimes notice that the ancient Greek philosopher praises the use of metaphors, while other times he does not agree with their use. I will try to demonstrate that Aristotle is not at all contradictory in his suggestions, if we were to consider the essence of each of the three types of discourse (lógos pragmatikós, lógos poietikós and lógos apophantikós) which the great philosopher always had in his mind.
2021 •
FREITAS, Artur. Modos de fazer (arte): o projetista, o montador, o propositor. PÓS: Revista do Programa de Pós-graduação em Artes da EBA-UFMG, Belo Horizonte, vol. 14, n. 30, jan-abr. 2024.
Modos de fazer (arte): o projetista, o montador, o propositor2024 •
Comentario histórico-dogmático al libro IV del Código Civil de Chile
De la compraventa [Comentario histórico-dogmático arts. 1793-1794]2023 •
Ecological Indicators
A dynamic and spatially explicit modeling approach to identify the ecosystem service implications of complex urban systems interactions2019 •
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Dysfunction of GABA <sub>A</sub> receptor glycolysis-dependent modulation in human partial epilepsy2007 •
Journal of English Education Forum (JEEF)
Hedging Devices in Interpreting Research Data: A Study in Students’ Undergraduate ThesisIndonesian Journal of Chemistry
CoMFA, Molecular Docking and Molecular Dynamics Studies on Cycloguanil Analogues as Potent Antimalarial Agents2020 •
Journal of Applied Youth Studies
Happy Times: an Exploration of How Australian Young Adults Define Happiness2021 •
Journal of Neurochemistry
Effect of Chronic Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibition on Striatal Dopamine Content in the MPTP-Treated Mouse2002 •
Academia Biology
Morphofunctional variations of the Echinometra lucunter (Echinoidea) on Bahia Coast, Brazil2023 •