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Nova Religio: The Journal of Alternative and Emergent Religions, Vol. 26, Issue 4, 2023, pp. 110-111.
Handbook of Islamic Sects and Movements (Brill 2021). Open Access Digital Book
Handbook of Islamic Sects and MovementsSince the Iranian hostage crisis, and particularly since 9-11, Islam has been a topic of increasing interest among politicians, diplomats, journalists, and scholars, among others. Though associated in the public consciousness with fanaticism and terrorism, there is a broad awareness that Islam is a complex tradition which, on the whole, does not promote religiously-motivated violence. Nevertheless, many believe that a deeper understanding of the larger phenomenon of Islam is necessary in order to understand and combat militant Islamism. As a consequence, the demand for reliable information on Islam has been steadily growing. However, with the exception of entries in general encyclopedias on Islam and encyclopedias of Islamic mysticism (Sufism), there are no reference books on the diverse sects and movements within Islam. Even “Twelver” Shi’a – the dominant form of Shi’a Islam in Iran and Iraq – has no separate reference book (though there is A Shi’ite Encyclopedia being compiled by the Ahlul Bayt Digital Islamic Project Team (https://www.al-islam.org/shiite-encyclopedia-ahlul-bayt-dilp-team). There is a paucity of books devoted to this topic, primarily because, in contrast to religious traditions like Christianity and Buddhism, Islam appears remarkably uniform. On the surface at least, most of the world’s Muslims are either Sunni or Twelver Shi’a, which is why Islamic sects/ denominations/ movements has not become the subject of monographs or reference books. Yet, beneath this apparent uniformity there is greater diversity than might be anticipated. There are, for example, important movements within Sunni Islam that are, in effect, sectarian – such as Islamic Modernism (on the liberal end) and the Taliban (on the ultra-conservative end). Then there are the various Sufi orders, which often constitute de facto sects. Within Shi’a Islam there is a complex spectrum of Shi’a factions that has largely gone unnoticed, due to the dominance of Twelver Shi’a. There are also syncretistic groups like the Yezidi among the Kurds that mix (nominally Sunni) Islam with pre-Islamic beliefs and practices. Finally, there are splinter groups from Islam, like the Druze and the Baha’i, that have established themselves as separate religions.
. Afzal Upal and Carole M. Cusack (eds), Handbook of Islamic Sects and Movements, Brill, 2021, forthcoming.
Carole M. Cusack and M. Afzal Upal, Introduction: Islamic Sects and MovementsGiven the presentation of Islam in popular media, it is not surprising that most Westerners (including some scholars) view the faith as a static, monolithic religion that clings fiercely to its seventh century roots, resisting any attempt at change. This is, of course, far from the truth. In common with other faith traditions, Islam has been a dynamic force from the start, with adaptations stemming from individual leaders, diverse ethnic populations, and the cultural contexts in which the religion took root. Christians and Jews, among other representatives of religious traditions, commented on Muḥammad, the prophet and founder of Islam, and identified resemblances between the new monotheistic religion and their own traditions.
The discourse of Contemporary Islamist radicalism derives its inspiration from the writings of three Muslim thinkers and activists.This article is devoted to an initial exposition of the main themes of their texts as the unique founders of this particular 'discursivity'.
American Journal of Islam and Society
Encyclopaedic Works on Islamic Political Thought and Movements in the Twenty-first Century2015 •
Books Reviewed: Gerhard Bowering, et. al., eds., The Princeton Encyclopediaof Islamic Political Thought (Princeton and Oxford: Princeton UniversityPress, 2013); John L. Esposito and Emad El-Din Shahin, eds., The OxfordHandbook of Islam and Politics (New York: Oxford University Press, 2013);Emad El-Din Shahin, ed., Oxford Encyclopedia of Islam and Politics, 2 vols.(Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014).During last two decades or so, many encyclopedias have been published onIslam and its history – classical to contemporary – with a modern approach,among them Richard Martin’s two-volume Encyclopedia of Islam and theMuslim World 1 and John L. Esposito’s Oxford Encyclopedia of the ModernIslamic World.2 Other encyclopedic works focus on specific eras, like JosefMeri’s Medieval Islamic Civilization.3 One more category is that of Islam andpolitics, political Islam, and/or the various facets, complexities, and intricaciesof Islamic movements. This essay focuses on three works that discuss t...
Indira Gandhi National Open University, New Delhi eBooks
Unit-15 Islamic Society: Rise and Spread of Sects2020 •
This article challenges the dominant organization-centered focus of the study of Islamic movements, and argues for a turn towards social practice. To do so, it traces the rise and spread of Egypt's leading Salafi movement, Ansar al-Sunna al-Muhammadiyya (e. 1926) and its role in popularizing a series of distinct practices between 1940 and 1990. Based on the full run of this movement's magazine, al-Hadi al-Nabawi (the Prophetic Guide, 1936-66) and al-Tawhid (Monolatry, 1973-93), the article explores the conditions in which practices such as praying in shoes and bareheaded, gender segregation and the cultivation of a fist-length beard were both politically viable and strategically advantageous. In doing so, it not only casts light on the trajectory of this movement, but also shows how and why the articulation and performance of distinct social practices are central to how Islamic movements shape society.
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