Irrigation and Crop Water Use

Dursun Yıldız                                Halis Uysal
President of the Hydropolitics Association,            Irrigation Cooperatives Central Union President,
dyildiz@hidropolitikakademi.org                              halis.uysal@hotmail.com,

ABSTRACT

Currently, the priority issue of water resources management is to meet the increasing demand for water with limited water resources. This issue is emerging as a bigger problem on average 75% of the water used in irrigation areas in the world. Studies worldwide reveals that due to the lack of better management of water resources, water problems and errors. Participatory water management is the most important of these shortcomings is the lack of transparency and carried out in a sustainable approach.

Water management in our country is experiencing as a legal and institutional restructuring period. Prepared new Water Act will be discussed in Parliament in the coming period. This restructuring was realized that there has not been adequately integrated into the participatory water management approach.
In Turkey's freshwater resources due to climate change has become more strategic importance. In this context, the strategic importance of our groundwater resources is increasing rapidly. Legally, very big part of our pop-use groundwater sources is operated by the irrigation cooperatives.
In particular the maximum amount of water consumed in irrigation, sustainable management of water issues in the more recent period stands out. It plays the most important role in water management, irrigation associations and irrigation cooperatives.

27 Regional Association with 1.8 million farmers and 2500 Irrigation Cooperative Irrigation, by the Cooperatives Central Union of Turkey hosting in our country, it is one of farmer organizations will be most effective in the sustainable use of water.
Since the beginning of 1970 Groundwater cooperatives reached 482 275 hectares of irrigated area. 73% of irrigated land is irrigated with groundwater in our country by the Cooperative. This shows us the importance of cooperatives for managing sustainable water in this area.
This article describes the current state of Irrigation Cooperatives, problems with water management in the structure of Turkey is examined by renewed problems will arise neglect of these cooperatives.
The most important results achieved by the end of this review; In case the draft law to be enacted in such a way that the water is primarily one of the most fundamental aspects of the EU Water Framework Directive "Participation" principle will not occur.

Other results using our groundwater resources, "Irrigation Cooperatives" is the representation of a basin management, "sustainable water management" has not realized the truth.

The hydrology of the Aral Sea Basin during the past few decades has been largely determined by the decision to develop irrigated agriculture on a large scale to produce cotton for export in the 1960s. The irrigated area has grown to 8 million hectares, using practically the entire available flow of the two main rivers, the Amu Darya and Syr Darya. Almost two decades after the disintegration of the Soviet Union, the five states of the Aral Sea Basin face the challenge of restoring a sustainable equilibrium while offering development opportunities for an increasing population. Sustainable water management is thus an imperative that will require coordinated political action of all the states involved. The Soviet Union established its cotton-producing areas in Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Tajikistan, and Kyrgyzstan. Today, while cotton remains relatively important, cereal production to reduce imports has become a priority in all four nations. The cotton crop area has decreased over the pas...

Celery plants were grown in ten liter black plastic containers filled with sand substrate then mixed with three levels of aqua gel-polymer. Three levels of irrigation water were applied by using drip irrigation for each aquagel-polymer treatment. The experiment was carried out at the Protected Cultivation Experimental Farm in Dokki, Giza, Egypt to determine celery growth and yield under different studied treatments. Various levels of aquagel-polymer as well as irrigation water levels were applied in a factorial design with three replicates. Plant samples were collected six weeks after transplanting in order to analyze nutrient concentration. The results showed that plant height, number of leaves per plant, and dry weight were increased with rising irrigation water levels. The smallest celery yields were obtained in the lowest irrigation level at 50%. Control treatment (without aquagel-polymer) gave the lowest vegetative characters and yield during the two seasons. During both studie...