Contractors

Met het afwerken van dit eindwerk realiseer ik me pas hoe complex mijn onderwerp eigenlijk is, terwijl het toch heel eenvoudig lijkt: men heeft een bepaald werk dat uitgevoerd moet worden, men betaalt iemand om op het bedrijf dit te komen uitvoeren, je vertelt hem dat hij op die hoek en langs die plaats moet opletten voor dat gevaar, wijst hem nog de plaats van uitvoering en hij kan beginnen. Wie had gedacht dat er hierbij grote woorden als veiligheidplan, contractor database, werkvergunningen, toolboxmeetings en incidentenrapportage aan de pas zouden kunnen komen?
Hoe groter en complexer het werk, hoe verder je kunt gaan in het formaliseren van elke stap in het aannemen van een contractor, en hoe belangrijker het wordt om dit alles in een systeem te gieten. Daarom wou ik mijn eindwerk doen over werken met derden, net omdat een dergelijk systeem nog te weinig wordt uitgewerkt in de praktijk die ik ken. En dit terwijl er bijna geen enkel middelgroot bedrijf is die niet met deze problematiek geconfronteerd wordt, hetzij als aannemer, hetzij als contractor. Zeker in de petrochemische sector, waar de inherente gevaren groot zijn en de kennis en preventie van de voortvloeiende risico’s op een vergevorderd niveau staan, is een goed functionerend contractorsysteem onontbeerlijk. Contractors missen de vertrouwdheid en betrokkenheid van een eigen werknemer met het bedrijf, en krijgen meestal te weinig informatie over de activiteiten en risico’s wanneer ze een werk uitvoeren binnen een voor hen onbekende inrichting. Deze soort “nieuwe werknemers” vormen een uitdaging om hen zo veilig en correct mogelijk werken te laten uitvoeren op het terrein van de opdrachtgever. Van beide kanten van het verhaal worden inspanningen gevraagd om die uitdaging in te lossen.
Hoe ze die inspanningen het best aanpakken, hoop ik te beantwoorden in dit werk.

The success of construction contractors largely depends on the specific terms and the availability of sufficient funds for realizing planned projects. Financial issues in construction have been discussed since mid 1970s, yet no consensus about progress has been reached in the construction finance literature. A systematic analysis of 259 finance related studies in construction is undertaken to identify research trends, critical topics, and performance of journals and authors. To map the productivity in construction finance field, Scopus database was searched for the entire period for which this database provides online coverage. Results reveal that “financial health” category, in particular one group of studies aiming to monitor and assess the financial performance of construction organizations for broader strategic issues pervaded the construction finance research. However, notably the “identification of capital structure, determinants and financing instruments” category received le...

De verzetsstrijder Willem van der Velden kwam op 2 maart 1945 in Oude Wetering om het leven. Over zijn leven zijn tussen 1985 en 2011 enkele artikelen verschenen.  Sinds de vondst in februari 2020 van zijn officiersjas uit 1940 is een schat aan nieuwe gegevens ontsloten, die een breder beeld geven van de familie van zijn ouders (Van der Velden en Wessels) , Wims opleiding en zijn militaire functies. Vooral zijn ervaringen in de meidagen van 1940 en zijn krijgsgevangenschap waren voordien onbekend.
In het artikel is de ‘klassieke literatuur’ uitgebreid met de geschiedenissen van de families Van der Velden en Wessels. Hierna is het spoor gevolgd van vader Frans en zijn gezin langs waterbouwkundige werken in Noord-Brabant en Holland. Wims  opleiding op het Nijmeegse Canisius College is summier beschreven. Over zijn militair opleiding was dankzij de vondst van een dagboekje meer bekend.. Het belang van zijn relatie met Cornelia van ’t Heck in Hoorn vanaf eind jaren dertig kan niet genoeg benadrukt worden. In 1939 volgde zijn mobilisatie en in 1940 de stationering bij de 110de batterij luchtafweer die ingezet is bij de “strijd” in Zuid-Limburg op 10 mei 1940. Daarop volgde krijgsgevangenschap in twee Duitse kampen. Na zijn terugkeer in 'Holland'' was Wim in Hoorn bij zijn verloofde Corrie van 't Hek, tot haar overlijden aan TBC begin 1944. Het laatste hoofdstuk van Wims leven speelde zich af in Leimuiden, waar hij plaatselijk commandant van de Binnenlandse Strijdkrachten werd in september 1944, tot de fatale dag van 2 maart 1945. Over wat zich die dag en in de daarop volgende nacht afspeelde, zijn nieuwe gegevens beschikbaar, net zoals over Wims begrafenis en een herdenkingsmis in Leimuiden. De bemoeienis van zijn ‘baas” Henk van Rijn voor Wims herbegrafenis in Hoorn verdiende ook aandacht.
De geactualiseerde beschrijving van het leven van Wim en zijn ouders is geïllustreerd met nieuw en nog niet eerder gepubliceerd beeldmateriaal, beschikbaar gesteld door zijn nichten.

Na de oorlog kreeg Wim een Eisenhower Certificate Grade V voor zijn hulp aan Amerikaanse piloten. Deze USA-onderscheiding voor hem was tot nog toe onbekend. In een vervolgartikel wordt aandacht besteed aan dergelijk naoorlogs eerbetoon, waaronder een straat die naar hem vernoemd is en de toekenning van het Verzetsherdenkingskruis.

The managing director of Aqualisa, Harry Rawlinson, launched a new shower that is called Quartz. Despite of its features such as quality, safety, cost of installation and ease of installation and usage, the early sales have been disappointing. The problem is not that sales are low, but the reasons why sales are not as expected. Some of the reasons are related to distribution channel, promotional strategy and positioning of the product. Consequently, the real problem here is how to boost sales. The biggest issue is having problems with reaching plumbers because they are the key players in terms of being a reliable source for consumers when choosing the product.

Purpose: The objectives of the study were to investigate the causes of the delays to analyze the factors causing the construction delay in Oman and to investigate the effects of such delays. Design/methodology/approach: To carry out this study 210 samples were collected through a well-defined questionnaire from the construction stakeholders viz. the consultants, contractors, and the clients who were selected on a random sampling basis. Smart PLS for Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) technique was used to analyze the data to obtain the formative measurement models, the structured model, and the goodness of fit. Findings: The results of the study reveal that the client-related factors, equipment-related factors, and material related factors have a significant impact on the completion delay in construction projects. The findings of the study also revealed that the Client related factors were-Delay in providing services, Delayed decision-making process, Allocation of insufficient time. Equipment related factors were-Existing low productive equipment, Unskillful Equipment operator, Breakdown of equipment and Outdated equipment; Material related factors were-Delay in supply of raw materials, Non-availability of materials, Change of materials during construction, Non-availability of accessories and Damaged materials. Research limitations/Implications: The present study covers the stakeholders of the construction projects from selected regions only. The future studies can be extended to other projects and other regions as well. Social implications: The study suggested that the clients' cooperation especially in providing the contractors with the necessary equipment, facilities, and sufficient time will avoid such delays of the construction projects in Oman. Originality/Value: Only very few have examined the completion delay of the construction projects in Oman using SEM-PLS and it is a first-hand study of its kind and the results will be useful to the stakeholders.

Organizational change is inevitable and occurs for many reasons. This study reveals, through in-depth interview, change driving forces, change management process, and effective change management critical factors in contractors. "Increased competition," "New laws and regulations," "Organizational growth," and "Unexpected economic crises" are the most significant drivers for contractor organizational changes. When a change is introduced, contractors follow a systematic process in managing the change but with poor planning and implementation. Top management support and a prior clear definition of a change are the most critical factors for successful change management. The research also provides recommendations such as recruiting change management professionals and considering positive and productive changes management critical factors in their change process to help improving their change management.

Küresel ısınma tehtidi ve doğal kaynaklarımızın aslında sınırsız olmadığı bilincinin yaygınlaşmasıyla birlikte sürdürülebilirlik kavramı ortaya çıkmış ve pek çok farklı disiplinde son yarım yüzyıldır akademik çalışmaların önemli odaklarından biri haline gelmiştir. Sürdürülebilirlik gelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan tüm toplumları etkilediğinden pek çok ülke bu konu ile yakından ilgilenmekte ve sürdürülebilirliği konu alan bilimsel çalışmalara destek olmaktadır. Ülkemizde de pek çok disiplinde ve disiplinler arası konularda sürdürülebilir çözümleri hedef alan çalışmalar desteklenmekte ve özendirilmektedir. Öte yandan sürdürülebilirlik konusuna hassasiyetin artması neredeyse tüm sektörleri etkilemiştir. Bu etkileşimler sektörden sektöre farklılıklar göstermekle beraber, gelişim odaklı ve uygulama alanı en yaygın sektörlerden biri olan inşaat sektörü de sürdürülebilirlik olgusundan büyük ölçüde etkilenmiştir. İnşaat sektöründe sürdürülebilir yapım yaklaşımı yeşil bina kavramını doğurmuş, bu kavram tüm dünyaya kısa sürede yayılmış ve uygulama alanı bulmuştur. Yeşil binalar, çevreye duyarlılığı yüksek ve doğaya saygılı yapılar olarak tanımlanmaktadır ve günümüzde başta Birleşik Devletlerdeki USGBC'nin LEED sertifikası olmak üzere pek çok yeşil bina sertifikasyon sistemiyle belgelenmekte böylece yapının sürdürülebilirliğe katkısı derecelendirilmektedir.
Yeşil bina sertifika sistemleri, yapıyı tüm yaşam döngüsü üzerinden değerlendirmektedir. Tasarım, yapım, kullanım ve yıkım aşamaları dahil olmak üzere bir yapı yaşam döngüsünün tüm aşamalarında doğayla ve insanlarla doğrudan etkileşim halinde bulunmaktadır. Sürdürülebilir mimarlık ve mühendislik prensipleri ile tasarımın yanı sıra yapının yaşam döngüsündeki tüm aşamalarını etkileyen yapım sürecini sahasında yani, şantiyesinde yöneten ise ana yükleniciden başkası değildir. Bu bağlamda sürdürülebilir yapım konusunda yüklenicilerin son derece önemli görev ve sorumlulukları bulunmaktadır. Ancak yapılan çalışmalar, yüklenici firmalarda bu konudaki bilinç seviyesinin olması gerekenden oldukça düşük bir seviyede olduğunu göstermektedir.
Bu çalışma kapsamında inşaat sektörünün başlıca aktörlerinden olan yüklenici firmaların sürdürülebilir yapım ve yeşil bina projelerindeki rolü, görevleri, sorumlulukları, karşılaştıkları zorluklar ve zorlukları aşma stratejileri incelenmiştir.
Çalışmada öncelikle sürdürülebilir yapımda yüklenicilerin rolü üzerine detaylı bir literatür çalışması yapılmış ve dünyada en çok kullanılan yeşil bina sertifikasyon sistemi olan LEED sertifikası esas alınarak yeşil bina projeleri kapsamında yüklenicilerin görevleri detaylı olarak belirlenmiştir. Yüklenicilerin belirlenen görev ve sorumlulukları inşaat projelerinin evreleri ile eşleştirilerek süreç bazlı modellenmiş ve böylece yüklenicilere yönelik bir sürdürülebilir yapım kılavuzu oluşturulmuştur. Bu görevlerin Türk inşaat sektörü bağlamında uygulanmasının ne derece zor olabileceğinin belirlenmesi, mevcut projelerde karşılaşılan zorlukların anlaşılması ve bu zorlukların aşılmasında öneriler geliştirilebilmesi için tez çalışması kapsamında geniş çaplı bir alan çalışması yapılmıştır. Alan çalışmasında Türkiye’de 2014 Ocak itibariyle LEED sertifikası almış olan tüm projelerin ana yüklenici firmaları tespit edilmiş ve bu yüklenicilerin LEED sertifikası alan projelerinin yöneticileri ile yüz yüze anket çalışması gerçekleştirilmiştir. Literatür analizi sonucunda belirlenen yüklenici odaklı LEED kredileri ve yüklenici görevlerinin Türk inşaat sektöründe uygulanabilirliği firmalar tarafından puanlandırılmış, bu puanlar projelerin gerçekleşen başarı durumlarını gösteren puan kartlarındaki verilerle de karşılaştırılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Yapılan analizlerde firma özellikleri ve firmalarda bulunan çeşitli sürdürülebilir yapım uygulamaları ile ilgili de bilgi toplanmış ve bunların firmaların LEED uygulama kapasitesi ile etkileşimi, LEED sürecinin firmanın iş yapma şekline etkileri ve firmaların LEED kredileri ile ilgili algısı ile gerçekten alınabilen puanların ilişkisi gibi konularda önemli bulgular elde edilmiştir.
Öte yandan, ülkemizde çok yeni olan bu sertifika sisteminin, dünyadaki yüklenici firmaları nerede ve ne ölçüde zorladığını araştırmış olan yabancı akademik çalışmalardan faydalanarak, yüklenici firmaların karşılaştıkları zorluklar belirlenmiş ve bu zorlukların Türk inşaat sektörü bağlamındaki önem dereceleri ve bu zorlukları aşmada kullandıkları stratejiler yine anket kapsamında ana yüklenicilerden elde edilmiştir.
Sonuçta, ülkemizdeki ana yüklenici firmaları gerçekleştirecekleri başta LEED olmak üzere yeşil bina projelerinde üstlenecekleri görevler, süreç temelli sorumluluklar, karşılaşabilecekleri zorluklar ve bu zorlukları aşmada kullanabilecekleri stratejiler konularında bilgilendirecek olan bu çalışma bir bilgi kılavuzu olması amacıyla hazırlanmıştır.

Yapım işlerinin pek çok uzmanlık konusunu birlikte içermesi, bu işlerin yapılmasında yüklenicilerin alt yüklenici çalıştırmasını adeta bir zorunluluk haline getirmektedir. Nitekim yapım işi ihalelerine ilişkin ihale dokümanı ve sözleşmelerde yüklenicinin alt yüklenici çalıştırmasını engellemeye dönük herhangi bir düzenleme de yapılamamaktadır. Ancak bu durum idarenin, alt yüklenici çalıştırılmasına ve alt yüklenicilerin onaylanmasına ilişkin takdir hakkının bulunmadığı şeklinde yorumlanmamalıdır. Diğer taraftan idarenin bu takdir hakkının katı bir şekilde kullanılması ise işin yapılamaması sonucunu doğurabilecek ve süreç sözleşmenin feshine kadar ilerleyebilecektir. Dolayısıyla alt yüklenici çalıştırılması konusunda gerek idarenin gerekse yüklenicinin hak ve yetki sınırlarının dengeli bir şekilde değerlendirilmesi ve bu değerlendirme yapılırken doğabilecek olası uyuşmazlıkların da göz önünde bulundurulması gerekmektedir.

Most of the construction projects delivered in Akure, Ondo State for public use depict evidence that they were not successfully executed. These effects result in time and cost overruns, poor project execution and outright abandonment. These could be attributed to lack of technical know-how on specific project types and corruption tendencies amongst others. This study focuses on factors affecting contractors' performance in construction project delivery in Akure, Ondo State with a view to enhancing their performance in construction project delivery. It assesses the success criteria for project performance in the study area; the causes of non-performance of contractors in project delivery in the study area; and evaluates factors for improving contractors' performance in project delivery. A well-structured questionnaire was used to harness information from construction stakeholders. Data was analyzed using mean item score and single factor analysis of variance. The results indicated that the top three criteria for contractors' performance were completion to time, budget and required quality. The results also showed that quality related factors, project management related factors and procurement related factors were factors affecting contractor's performance the most. Furthermore, the study revealed that contractors' performance could be improved through

Protection of Industrial Power Systems.
Second Edition.
Author: T. Davies C Eng.
Publisher: Newnes.
ISBN 0 7506 2662 3.

Practice Exercise On A 11kV Split-Bus Fault Level Calculation and Textbook Contents_Download and Check Through Solution.

This textbook is valuable to industrial power systems designers. It has electro-mechanical relay operation and application explained. The solution was worked through here in MS Word. Any errors please correct for your use.

The calculation is worked through the UK style of calculation using metric cables. Some reference is made to US calculation for cable sizing.
You may create an Excel sheet from this with graphics included. It may be valuable for electrical contractors in UK, EU, NEC type environments, and elsewhere where metric cables are used. Credit is given to the author of the book.

A table of contents is provided at end of PDF file.

Rough work you may paper and pencil this the old fashion way.

Competitiveness is a complex domain with multiple perspectives and a vast range of definitions, meanings, and measures. Therefore, it is challenging to create an appropriate framework to evaluate the competitiveness of an ever-changing and evolving construction industry. This study captures the contractor's perspectives about the competitiveness of the Pakistani construction industry, underlines the key factors affecting its performance, and proposes a framework for enhancing competitiveness. The proposed framework identifies the areas for improvement and contributes to the development of strategies for adoption. To achieve this, a qualitative approach is adopted which captures the opinion of contractors about the competitiveness and its perception and analyzes it through the fuzzy approach. The results based on 25 expert interviews highlight that the recruitment of well-trained human resource and cutting-edge technologies, the collaboration between academia and industry, investment in R&D projects, and a stable business environment contribute to enhancing the competitiveness of the construction industry and should be adopted to enhance the current state of practice. The study has perks for both academia and industry and requires active participation from both counterparts as well as supply chain actors and regulatory bodies to achieve the holistic goals.

This study identifies and examines the factors influencing time and cost overruns on construction project in the south eastern Nigeria. The high level of dilapidation and deterioration of roads and other construction infrastructural facilities seen in this zone could be attributed to abysmal performance of construction project management. Survey technique with area and random sampling procedures were employed for the study. The primary data were obtained with the instrument of weighted scaled questionnaires the respondents to the questionnaire are clients, contractors and consultants from five states of south eastern Nigeria. A total of 110 and 42 hypothetical cost and time overruns respectively were identify for analysis. The methods of data analysis were spearman's rank correlation coefficient and Kendall's coefficient of concordance with the hypothesis tested at 5% level of significant so as to determine the degree of agreement amongst the parties. The results of this study have shown that the three parties to a project are in agreement that materials factor and external factor groups have indeed contributed immensely to delays on construction projects, while projects, contractor's responsibilities, consultant's responsibilities, client's responsibilities, professional management, design and documentation, execution, labour and equipment, contractual relationship, government relations, time overruns; cost overrun and all together (time and cost overruns) factors have not greatly influenced delays on construction projects. Based on these results it is recommended that client's, contractor's and consultant's should pay more attention to both material and external factors for there to be effective and efficient delivery on construction projects at the right time and cost.

Most of the construction projects delivered in Akure, Ondo State for public use depict evidence that they were not successfully executed. These effects result in time and cost overruns, poor project execution and outright abandonment. These could be attributed to lack of technical know-how on specific project types and corruption tendencies amongst others. This study focuses on factors affecting contractors' performance in construction project delivery in Akure, Ondo State with a view to enhancing their performance in construction project delivery. It assesses the success criteria for project performance in the study area; the causes of non-performance of contractors in project delivery in the study area; and evaluates factors for improving contractors' performance in project delivery. A well-structured questionnaire was used to harness information from construction stakeholders. Data was analyzed using mean item score and single factor analysis of variance. The results indicated that the top three criteria for contractors' performance were completion to time, budget and required quality. The results also showed that quality related factors, project management related factors and procurement related factors were factors affecting contractor's performance the most. Furthermore, the study revealed that contractors' performance could be improved through

Materi Training yang disajikan dengan detail pekerjaan perencanaan Jalan, Lahan, irigasi, Tambang dll, Jadwal Training Reguler tersedia di Depok, dan Seluruh Kota Di Indonesia.
Jadwal Reguler tersedia di https://www.facebook.com/praba.engineering.school
Inhouse Training, call/wa 081287040414 - 081617781646

Detail literature review indicates a growing concern over the purpose of the BQ to the practice and needs of contracting organisations. However, the number of studies dedicated to comprehensively review how BQ is used by these organisations is limited. This review is conducted with the aim to identify the fundamental usage of BQ to contracting organisations; especially within the parameter of a project period and management functions. The main three objectives are: (1) to comprehensively identify relevant literature concerning the usage of BQ to contracting organisations, (2) to review the literature in order to identify the usage of BQ to contracting organisations, and (3) to systematically synthesize the outcome of the review in order to identify the fundamental usage of BQ to contracting organisations. Various literature findings are reviewed and validated to support the study’s outcome. As a result, this study manage to identify thirty fundamental usage of BQ arranged according to the parameter of interest. The significance of this study supports the evident usage of BQ by contracting organisations. It further enhances the current knowledge pertaining to its application in the industry and advancing further research pertaining on the application of BQ in the construction industry.

Total quality management (TQM) process is considered as a modern system in the field of quality, after quality assurance, quality control and ISO in the Construction sector. Recently many organisations have resorted to the application of total quality management, with a view to assessing the level of quality and to improve it. This paper aims to identify the level of effectiveness of the implementation of TQM principles by the construction contractors in the Sultanate of Oman in the top grade construction company as per classified by the Chamber of Commerce and Industry of Oman. Important factors were taken into account relating to the internal customers (the staff) of these companies. A quantitative research approach was adopted in this study, where the questionnaires were distributed to 114 top staff of excellent and one grade contractors to identify the level of quality practices in their organizations and ascertain that they follow the rules of total quality management or not. For analyzing purpose, chi square test, frequencies and response rate are used in this paper. The finding of the study is that these companies generally take into account the principles of total quality management.
Keywords: Total quality management, Construction process, effectiveness, TQM implementation, Contractors, Construction Industry.

This research aims to know the analysis of the system of cost recovery in the same employment contract management of oil and gas. The object of this research is the cost of cost recovery and analysis of the research unit is a State-owned enterprise PT Pertamina EP located in Jakarta. The research was based on the existence of a phenomenon in the background on the unit of analysis i.e. categorization costs on cost recovery. This research was conducted against a single respondent, using a qualitative approach, and data analysis used are descriptive analysis. The results of this study indicate that by doing the categorization costs cost recovery in accordance with the appropriate regulations of the Government of the need for improvements and better policies in order to facilitate the performance of the Government and the KKKS (Kontrak Kerja Sama Kontraktor).

The Selection of effective contractor is most important prerequisite for the successful completion of project. The construction projects often get delay and show time and cost overruns as consequences. Most of time this happen because of wrong selection of contractor due to flaws in tender selection process. Multi Criteria Decision making (MCDM) techniques , helps to choose the best alternatives where many criteria have come into existence, the best one can be obtained by analyzing the different scope for the criteria, weights for the criteria and choose the optimum one using any multi criteria decision making techniques. This project will focus on effectively applying MCDM techniques to contractor selection process, in order to choose best contractor. In this project, Topsis method is effectively apply by considering all criteria related to contractor and most effective contractor is selected.

This research aims to appraise the variables of KPIs for contractor's performance in housing construction project. A conceptual research framework was generally developed to perform a study of the project management performance from the contractor viewpoint. The contractors are involved in this study to validate the research approach. It provides key performance indicator (KPI) which can evaluate and measure potential contractors for determine their ability. Finding of the study can help construction firms to learn from the best practices of other and carry out continuous improvement. The objectives of this study are; to identify the current contractor's performance in housing construction project in Malaysia, to evaluate the performance of housing construction project in Malaysia in term of project duration, project quality and project cost, to investigate perception of client, consultant and contractor on contractor's KPI and finally to develop a framework of KPI for housing construction project.

Contracts are designed to govern the relations between business partners and allocate risk among them, yet they cannot mitigate all risks; hence, dispute resolution mechanisms have been developed to assist. According to research, arbitration is considered one of the most efficient legally binding dispute resolution mechanisms. Since initiating an arbitration case against business partners often severs the business relationship between them, predicting the arbitrator's decision becomes valuable to the arbitrating parties. To do so, arbitration prediction models are suggested in this paper through modeling the arbitrator's award in two stages: evidence admissibility and evidence evaluation. While arbitrators currently admit evidence in a relatively unsystematic way, this proposed admissibility framework systemizes the current practice by preserving its subjectivity, yet aligning it with the widely deployed rules of arbitration. This research further proposes an evidence evaluation model, providing a rapid answer to the famous commercial arbitration battle, discovery. While the current arbitrators' practice in allowing discovery is not systematic, the proposed optimization model is a tool that could systematically assist arbitrators trading between the arbitration key characteristic, efficiency, and justice. This is achieved by assigning weights to evidence parameters such as sufficiency and credibility, which in turn provide numerical measures to reduce the decision's subjectivity.

The complex nature of construction projects and the involvement of a large number of unpredictable correlated factors make them susceptible to disputes. Although a wide range of dispute resolution mechanisms exists, experts in the construction industry favor arbitration over litigation when legally binding dispute resolution mechanisms are concerned. Because initiating a litigation or arbitration case against a business partner often severs the business relationship between them, predicting the arbitrator’s decision becomes valuable to the arbitrating parties. Because arbitration has been extensively treated as a game, and because the proposed approach relies on the wealth maximization concept, which is in turn dependent on the sum of utility sources of a firm, modeling arbitration is best achieved as a game with disputing parties’ utility profiles that would have an agreement zone. A construction-specific utility framework for the disputing parties arbitrating before a single arbitrator is proposed based on the additive expected utility theory. The proposed additive utility framework preserves the industry practicality and, most importantly, considers direct short-term factors and indirect long-term factors that would address factual disputes related to claim entitlement and quantification. It is expected that such a framework could then be used to identify utility equilibrium points between the disputing parties, which would serve the purpose of predicting the arbitration outcome.

Plin Lantai atau Hospital Plint adalah
Sebagai aksesoris lantai yang mempertemukan dinding dan lantai sehingga membentuk lengkungan.

Dengan plint, maka dinding rumah atau bangunan Anda akan tetap bersih dari gesekan benda-benda. Juga mencegah debu dan kotoran berkumpul pada sudut pertemuan dinding dan lantai sehingga lebih mudah dibersihkan.

Bahan plint sendiri tidak harus sama dengan bahan lantai. Beberapa bahan yang bisa dijadikan plint, antara lain cat minyak, keramik, homogenous tile, pelat stainless steel, marmer atau granit serta kayu solid atau kayu olahan (MDF) atau Fiber Resin (Plint Hospital Fiber).

Sudah banyak diaplikasikan pada Rumah Sakit, Puskesmas, Hotel, Instansi Kesehatan, Pabrik Industri Makanan, Pasar Bersih, Kolam renang, dll., dikembangkan sejak tahun 2013.
Mengacu pada aturan Pedoman Teknis Bangunan Rumah Sakit Ruang Rawat Inap, dikeluarkan oleh Direktorat Bina Pelayanan Penunjang Medik dan Sarana Kesehatan – Direktorat Bidang Upaya Kesehatan, Kementrian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia.

Non-competitive bids have recently become a major concern in both Public and Private sector construction contract auctions. Consequently, several models have been developed to help identify bidders potentially involved in collusive practices. However, most of these models require complex calculations and extensive information that is difficult to obtain.
The aim of this paper is to utilize recent developments for detecting abnormal bids in capped auctions (auctions with an upper bid limit set by the auctioner) and extend them to the more conventional uncapped auctions (where no such limits are set). To accomplish this, a new method is developed for estimating the values of bid distribution supports by using the solution to what has become known as the German tank problem. The model is then demonstrated and tested on a sample of real construction bid data and shown to detect cover bids with high accuracy.
This work contributes to an improved understanding of abnormal bid behavior as an aid to detecting and monitoring potential collusive bid practices.

Binaların enerji, su, malzeme tüketimi ve atık üretimindeki önemli payının anlaşılmasıyla sürdürülebilir yapım inşaat sektörünün öncelikli konularından biri haline gelmiştir. Binanın tasarım, yapım ve kullanım evrelerinde çevreye verdiği zararın azaltılmaya çalışıldığının objektif ölçütlerle belgelenmesine dayanan yeşil bina sertifika sistemleri, dünyada olduğu gibi Türk inşaat sektöründe de sürdürülebilir yapımın odağındadır. Türkiye'de Şubat 2014 itibariyle 48 projenin LEED, 33 projenin BREEAM ve 1 projenin de DGNB yeşil bina sertifikası bulunmaktadır ve 300'ün üstünde proje de sertifika almaya aday olarak kayıtlıdır. Her yıl giderek artan sertifika sahibi ve adayı proje sayısı, Türk inşaat sektöründe iş yapan yatırımcı, tasarımcı ve malzeme üreticilerinin yanı sıra sertifika sürecindeki önemli rolleri sebebiyle yüklenicileri de yakından ilgilendirmektedir. Yeşil bina sertifika sistemlerinde yüklenicinin rolü üzerine yapılan literatür analizi, konuyla ilgili çalışmaların işveren ve tasarımcılara odaklandığını, yeşil bina sertifikaları sebebiyle yüklenicilerin iş yapma yöntemlerinin nasıl değiştiğine ve bu adaptasyonda yüklenicilerin yaşadıkları zorluklara akademik çalışmalarda yeterince yer verilmediğini göstermiştir. Türk inşaat sektöründe yapılan çalışmalar da yüklenicilerin sertifika sistemleri ve içerdikleri görevler ile ilgili bilgi seviyesinin düşük olduğunu göstermektedir. Buradan hareketle bu çalışmada Türkiye'de en sık kullanılan LEED sertifikası, yükleniciler başta olmak üzere tüm proje paydaşları için içerdiği görevler yönünden incelenmiştir. Buradan elde edilen veriler, çalışmanın ileriki aşamalarında LEED sertifikalı projelerin yüklenicileriyle gerçekleştirilen alan çalışmasından elde edilen uygulanabilirlik endeksleri ile birleştirilerek yüklenicilere yönelik süreç tabanlı bir kılavuz model oluşturulmuştur. Bu bildiride, LEED sertifikasında yüklenicilerin görevlerinin tanımlanması amacıyla yapılan çalışmalar sunulmaktadır.

Construction project is a continuous activity that link to one another. If there is a delay in one activity it can make delay to the other activity. One of the factors that affect the project completion time is the productivity of each activity. Research of Contractor point of view on the productivity of construction project is expected to give more actual description of Contractor point of view on work productivity and identifying factors that strongly affect productivity so that it can be used as guidance to take steps to improve productivity in construction project. The method that this research use is questionnaire distribution. This method is chosen because it makes easier for researcher to collect data, saving time, and shorten research time. The research result shows that according to contractor, productivity needs to be increase so that construction project quality also improve. According to contractor poit of view, technology can be used as a solution to increase productivity in construction project.

The growing complexity of construction as well as its rapid progress and uncertainties and shortcomings of legal terms governing civil works and lack of confidence of the commitments and the rules in parties are the most important reasons of disagreements in domestic projects which have made facing with disagreements inevitable so that truly made contracts are not even excepted from any disagreement. Construction contracts disagreements are costly, time consuming and unpleasant and affect quality and increase in contracts price. In most of the projects with different systems of project accomplishment there may be claims made by agents specially contractors and on the other hand since project accomplishment by design and construction method has a limited background in our country and contracting parties know a little about it, claims and disagreements among thses agents and specially in civil projects with three-factor contractsare inevitable. So in this paper, reasons of making claims in civil projects accomplished with three-factor contracts method in country have been considered. Naturally making decision in projects is essential and complex regarding type and quality of contractors' claims and here there are many factors which could be prioritized by decision-making methods in this research after identifying main reasons of claims in civil contracts by contractors. On this basis criteria and sub-criteria are determined and ranked by different decision-making methods.

The success of a construction project is evaluated through parameters of quality, cost and time. Construction companies use modern tools and technologies to enhance the quality, cost and time in their supply chain. However, the fragmented situation in the construction has left the Industrialized Building System (IBS) supply chain troupes with obvious problems in term of effectiveness. Although, efforts have been undertaken to increase the IBS practice in Malaysia, the challenges of integration among the players have increased from IBS. The main study is to justify the importance of IBS to the economy and the issues in the Supply Chain Management (SCM) integration system of IBS in Malaysia. The aim of this study is to determine current opinion related to the key factors of IBS and SCM effectiveness from contractor’s perspective. The methodologies are based on detailed literature review, questionnaire, interviews and survey via e-mail which were conducted among the contractors who used IBS in their projects. Through literature review the definition, approach, development of IBS in the construction industry was studied. The results of the pilot study indicated that the importance of IBS to a company is an added value. The issues in the SCM integration system of IBS in Malaysia are price offered for IBS commercial conventional is the issue in the supply chain integration system of IBS. This result is determined by using Relative Important Index (RII) calculation. By analyzing the pilot study, the results indicate that the advantages of SCM are still far from being fully understood and recognized. To conclude the relationship between contractors and other IBS players influence the implementation of the SCM concept. Furthermore, SCM integrated with IBS can be remarkably effective in each quality stage in order to reduce the time and expenses.

The supply chain (SC) is a new term that emphasizes the interaction between marketing, logistics, and production. With the adoption of the SC comes the opportunity primarily related to the management of procurement of logistics materials across corporate borders, such as between firms and their suppliers. This paper presents the issues and the lifting process for supply chain management in construction projects. Discussions on issues faced by contractors relating to material procurement process have also been captured and enhancement strategies related to management, human relations, and information and communication technology have been brought forward to improve the performance of SCM materials. This study suggests that the management of material supply chains can be enhanced through management integration, human relations, and information and communication technology. This paper also considers the potential of implementing SCM to integrate the construction process in Malaysia, and therefore addressing important issues including the vague definition of what is needed from the client, lack of communication between parties involved in the material supply chain, ambiguity between plans and quantity bills, and low cost associated with the traditional process of material procurement.