Abutment

Soil-abutment or soil-pile interactions under cyclic static loads have been widely studied in integral abutment jointless bridges (IAJBs). However, the IAJB has the combinational interaction of soil-abutment and soil-pile, and the soil-abutment-pile interaction is lack of comprehensively study. Therefore, a reciprocating low-cycle pseudo-static test was carried out under an cyclic horizontal displacement load (DL) to gain insight into the mechanical behavior of the soil-abutment-pile system. Test results indicate that the earth pressure of backfill behind abutment has the ratcheting effect, which induced a large earth pressure. The soil-abutment-pile system has a favorable energy dissipation capacity and seismic behavior with relatively large equivalent viscous damping. The accumulative horizontal deformation in pile will be occurred by the effect of abutment and unbalance soil pressure of backfill. The test shows that the maximum horizontal deformation of pile occurs in the pile de...

The precision of fit at the implant-abutment connection is an important criterion for the clinical success of restorations and implants. Several factors are involved among which are the abutment materials and manufacturing techniques. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of two materials and methods of manufacturing implant abutments, milled titanium versus laser sintered Co-Cr, on the marginal misfit at the implant-abutment interface. Scanning electron microscopes (SEM) were used to geometrically measure the marginal vertical discrepancy of a total of 80 specimens, classified into eight categories, according to the implant system and abutment. The data were statistically analyzed by Student’s paired t test, one-way and two-way ANOVA with the Bonferroni-Holm correction at the significance level of p = 0.05. Milled titanium abutments demonstrated the lowest misfit values in the implant systems analyzed. The marginal fit of all the groups was within the clinically accep...

The attainment of a good aesthetic outcome in dental implant treatment requires inter-implant papilla reconstruction, which is very difficult to perform. Maintenance of the inter-implant bone is essential for maintenance of the inter-implant papilla. The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanical influences of the implant–abutment connection type and inter-implant distance on the inter-implant bone by using three-dimensional finite element analysis. Three computer-aided design models of two-piece implants were designed: external connection (EC), internal connection (IC), and conical connection (CC). In each model, two identical implants were placed with inter-implant distances of 3.0, 2.5, and 2.0 mm. The maximum principal stress and microgap were evaluated. The stress values of the inter-implant bone decreased in the following order: IC, EC, and CC. The microgap decreased in the following order: EC, IC, and CC. Regardless of the type of implant–abutment connection, the str...

The esthetic outcome of implant-supported restorations is affected by the implant position. A well-placed implant will allow appropriate contours of the restoration and together with an adequate volume of soft tissue will result in a functional and esthetic restoration. When a screw-retained restoration is anticipated, an implant that is angled too far facially would be esthetically unacceptable. In 2004, an abutment called the Dynamic Abutment (Talladium International Implantology) became commercially available. This abutment can allow a deviation of the restoration screw access angle to the implant angle of up to 28 degrees while allowing a screw-retained restoration to be connected directly to the platform of the implant. The purpose of this article was to describe the components, technique, and clinical use of this abutment.

Soil-abutment-structure interaction could affect the seismic response of bridges considerably. Skew angle might significantly influence the mobilized passive resistance of the backfill soil and the behavior of soil-abutment system due to the large induced in-plane rotations and translation of the superstructure, coupled with variations in stiffness and strength of backfill soil in skewed abutments. The current Seismic Design Criteria of the California Department of Transportation (Caltrans) does not include any special consideration for the skew angle effect on the passive capacity of soil-abutment systems. Previous experiments on skewed abutments were undertaken on abutments that were restrained against rotation with prescribed uniform displacements tested by gradually increasing lateral loads under static conditions, with no dynamic effect simulated. The effects of abutment rotation, impact on the abutment wall and dynamic earthquake forces were not studied. The overall objective ...

The present study was done to evaluate the effects of different types of abutments on the rate and distribution of stress on the bone surrounding the implant by dynamic finite element analysis method. In this study two ITI abutment models—one-piece and multi-piece—along with fixture, bone, and superstructure have been simulated with the help of company-made models. The maximum Von Mises stress (MVMS) was observed in the distobuccal area of the cortical bone near the crest of implant in two implant models. In the multi-piece abutment, MVMS was higher than the one-piece model (27.9 MPa and 23.3 MPa, respectively). Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that type of abutment influences the stress distribution in the area surrounding the implant during dynamic loading.

Microleakage can occur at the abutment-implant (A-I) interface in osseointegrated implants and may cause malodor and inflammation of peri-implant tissues. The degree of microleakage at the A-I interface of 5 implant systems was comparatively assessed at varying closing torques. Using colored tracing probes driven by a 2-atm pressure system, the interface microleakage of Brånemark, Sulzer Calcitek, 3i, ITI, and Steri-Oss implants was determined spectrophotometrically. Microleakage through the A-I interface occurred in all systems, with variability between systems, samples, and closing torques. As closing torque increased from 10 Ncm to 20 Ncm to manufacturers' recommended closing torques, microleakage decreased significantly (P < .005) for all systems. Analysis of variance showed significant interaction between closing torques and the time course of microleakage, and between systems and the time course of microleakage (P < .001). The results indicate that fluids and small m...

ABSTRACT Experiments were conducted to measure the three-dimensional turbulent flow field, using the acoustic Doppler velocimeter, at a short vertical-wall abutment (ratio of abutment length to approach flow depth less than unity) before and after the development of a scour hole under a clear water scour condition. In the upstream, the presentation of flow field through vectors at vertical sections shows a primary vortex associated with the downflow. In the downstream, the upward flow is comprised of with irregularities owing to the vortex shedding. The flow separation near the bed and within the scour hole is evident from the turbulent kinetic energy distribution. Using Reynolds stresses, the bed shear stresses are calculated.

The purpose of this study was to examine the abutment screw stability of screw- and cement-retained implant-supported dental prosthesis (SCP) after simulated cement washout as well as the stability of SCP cements after complete loosening of abutment screws. Thirty-six titanium CAD/CAM-made implant prostheses were fabricated on two implants placed in the resin models. Each prosthesis is a two-unit SCP: one screw-retained and the other cemented. After evaluating the passive fit of each prosthesis, all implant prostheses were randomly divided into 3 groups: screwed and cemented SCP (Control), screwed and noncemented SCP (Group 1), unscrewed and cemented SCP (Group 2). Each prosthesis in Control and Group 1 was screwed and/or cemented, and the preloading reverse torque value (RTV) was evaluated. SCP in Group 2 was screwed and cemented, and then unscrewed (RTV=0) after the cement was set. After cyclic loading was applied, the postloading RTV was measured. RTV loss and decementation ratio...

... Geobags of approximately equivalent weight were sized, using Eq. (3), as , densely filled withsand; other geobag sizes were tested, but the length dimensions of these bags were considered, based on comments from bridge engineers, to be useful for handling and placement. ...

... Geobags of approximately equivalent weight were sized, using Eq. (3), as , densely filled withsand; other geobag sizes were tested, but the length dimensions of these bags were considered, based on comments from bridge engineers, to be useful for handling and placement. ...