A shopping mall is a modern, chiefly North American, term for a form of shopping precinct or shopping center, in which one or more buildings form a complex of shops representing merchandisers with interconnecting walkways that enable customers to walk from unit to unit. A shopping arcade is a specific form serving the same purpose. Many early shopping arcades such the Burlington Arcade in London, the Galleria Vittorio Emanuele II in Milan and numerous arcades in Paris are famous and still trading. However, many smaller arcades have been demolished, replaced with large centers or "malls", often accessible by vehicle. Technical innovations such as electric lighting and escalators were introduced from the late 19th century. From the late 20th century, entertainment venues such as movie theaters and restaurants began to be added. As a single built structure, early shopping centers were often architecturally significant constructions, enabling wealthier patrons to buy goods in spaces protected from the weather.

The Village or Village may refer to:

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The Village (Derevnya, Деревня) was a debut novel by Dmitry Grigorovich, first published by Otechestvennye Zapiski (Vol. XLIX, book 12) in 1846. It had strong impact upon the Russian literary society and was praised for being "the first work in the Russian literature to face the real peasants life" by Ivan Turgenev.

Background

1845-1846 were the years when Grigorovich was very close to authors of Otechestvennye Zapiski, its leading critic Vissarion Belinsky in particular. According to Fyodor Dostoyevsky, having published the Saint Petersburg Organ-Grinders in the Spring of 1945, the young writer was planning to spent that summer in his village but before the departure stayed at the house of Nikolai Nekrasov. Not long before that Belinsky published the Works by Alexey Koltsov, providing the foreword to it, which featured profound analysis of the poet's legacy. Grigoroivich took the book to the country with him and read it several times, enchanted by both Koltsov's verse and Belinsky's article. All of The Village' chapters are provided with epigraphs, three of them (to Chapters 3, 4 and 8), come from poems by Koltsov.

The Village is a narrative poem by George Crabbe, published in 1783. The poem contrasts the traditional representation of the rural idyll in Augustan poetry with the realities of village life.

History

In early 1781 Crabbe wrote a letter to statesman and author Edmund Burke asking for help, in which he included samples of his poetry. Among the samples that Crabbe sent to Burke were pieces of his poems The Library and The Village which Burke viewed favorably, giving Crabbe a gift of money to relieve his immediate wants, and assuring him that he would do all in his power to further Crabbe's literary career.The Village was published in May of 1783.

Critical reception

Samuel Johnson said of the poem in a letter to Reynolds "I have sent you back Mr. Crabbe's poem, which I read with great delight. It is original, vigorous, and elegant." Johnson's friend and biographer James Boswell also praised The Village. It was said at the time of publication that Johnson had made extensive changes to the poem, but Boswell responded by saying that "the aid given by Johnson to the poem, as to The Traveller and Deserted Village of Goldsmith, were so small as by no means to impair the distinguished merit of the author."

The Village Shopping Center is an enclosed shopping mall in Gary, Indiana. Built in 1955, it includes vacant anchors last occupied by Marshalls and US Factory Outlets.

History

Village Shopping Center opened in 1955. It was expanded in 1958 when Montgomery Ward opened a two-story, 122,965 square foot store. Other tenants included Kresge (later McCrory), and Kroger.

The Montgomery Ward store was changed to a closeout format before closing.Goldblatt's moved into the mall in 1985, taking part of the former Montgomery Ward with Aldi taking the rest. J.C. Penney was the last department store to leave the mall, doing so in 1995. It became US Factory Outlets in 1997.AJWright replaced the former Kresge/McCrory, and Ames briefly replaced the former Goldblatt's. The former Ames was later divided into mall space, while Aldi moved out in 2004. Marshalls opened in 2011 following the closure of the AJ Wright chain, but the store closed on January 14, 2012 after only 8 months in operation.