Sanam is a modern village in Sudan.

Here were found the remains of an ancient town which flourished mainly in the Napatan Period. These are perhaps the remains of Napata, the capital of the Kushite empire from about 800 to 300 BC. Parts of the town were excavated in 1912 to 1913 by Francis Llewellyn Griffith. He found the remains of a badly preserved temple and of a building he called treasury. Most importantly, he excavated a big cemetery belonging to the inhabitants of the town. This is one of the few so far excavated cemeteries of this period belonging to "common" people.

References

Coordinates: 18°29′N 31°49′E / 18.483°N 31.817°E / 18.483; 31.817

Sanam may refer to:

Peoples:

Sanam is a 1997 Hindi drama film directed and produced by Aziz Sejawal. While written by Anees Bazmee, it starred Sanjay Dutt, Manisha Koirala, Vivek Mushran, Anupam Kher, Dalip Tahil, Kader Khan, Anjan Srivastav, Gulshan Grover and Shakti Kapoor. The music, composed by Anand-Milind, was the biggest strengths of this film.

Plot summary

Gaurav (Vivek Mushran) lives a wealthy lifestyle, gets everything he wants except the love of his parents and family. Even though he lives with his parents, they love his elder brother Narendra (Sanjay Dutt) more. Narendra is often pronounced by the name of "Hero" by his parents, and goes abroad for his job once a while. When Hero comes back home for a holiday, he goes to a funfair with his family, and witnesses a little girl who is stuck on top of a Ferris wheel, and when Hero gets the chance, he climbs up and rescues her. By the time he jumps off, it is already on fire, which causes it to explode, and blows Hero off with it as well. The whole family is devastated by Hero's death, and since he was the only one who made a name for his family, Gaurav finally feals pity and joins the army to prove to his father that he is worthy to be the Hero's younger brother. While on duty, Gaurav explores that Angara and General (Shakti Kapoor, Gulshan Grover) are about to plant a bomb through the whole of India, and that would just not mean for his parents and friends to die, but also his loving girlfriend, Sanam (Manisha Koirala).

Sanam is a 1951 Bollywood romantic film directed by Nandlal Jaswantlal. It starred Dev Anand, and his co-star was Suraiya, who also recorded the playback singing for the film. Meena Kumari acted in the film in a supporting role, where she played sister to lead hero Dev Anand.

Story

Sanam is a love story where Jogin ( Dev Anand ), a poor unemployed young man, comes across Sadhana ( Suraiya ) in a chance encounter in a book shop. Under desperate conditions Jogin had to rob some money for his mother's treatment but gets involved in an accidental homicide for which he is jailed by the court, where the Judge ( K.N. Singh ) is Sadhana's father. Sadhana is an independent-minded daughter and does not hesitate to argue with her father about social justice for the poor and under privileged. The story takes many twists and turn with songs and a dance number. Eventually Jogin and Sadhana fall for each other but their proposed marriage is vehemently opposed by the father of the bride.

Sudan (Arabic: السودان‎ as-Sūdān, English pronunciation (US) ⁱ/suˈdæn/, (GB) /suːˈdɑːn/), officially the Republic of the Sudan (Arabic: جمهورية السودان‎ Jumhūrīyat as-Sūdān), is a country in north-east Africa. It is bordered by Egypt to the north, the Red Sea, Eritrea, and Ethiopia, to the east, South Sudan to the south, the Central African Republic to the southwest, Chad to the west and Libya to the northwest. It is the third largest country in Africa. The River Nile divides the country into eastern and western halves. Its predominant religion is Islam.

Sudan was home to numerous ancient civilizations, such as the Kingdom of Kush, Kerma, Nobatia, Alodia, Makuria, Meroë and others, most of which flourished along the Nile. During the pre-dynastic period Nubia and Nagadan Upper Egypt were identical, simultaneously evolved systems of pharaonic kingship by 3300 BC. By virtue of its proximity to Egypt, the Sudan participated in the wider history of the Near East inasmuch as it was Christianized by the 6th century, and Islamized in the 15th. As a result of Christianization, the Old Nubian language stands as the oldest recorded Nilo-Saharan language (earliest records dating to the 9th century). Sudan was the largest country in Africa and the Arab world until 2011, when South Sudan separated into an independent country, following an independence referendum. Sudan is now the third largest country in Africa (after Algeria and the Democratic Republic of the Congo) and also the third largest country in the Arab world (after Algeria and Saudi Arabia).

Sudan stains and Sudan dyes are synthetic organic compounds that are used as dyes for various plastics and are also used to stain sudanophilic biological samples, usually lipids. Sudan II, Sudan III, Sudan IV, Oil Red O, and Sudan Black B are important members of this class of compounds (see images below).

Staining

Sudan dyes have high affinity to fats, therefore they are used to demonstrate triglycerides, lipids, and lipoproteins. Alcoholic solutions of Sudan dyes are usually used, however pyridine solutions can be used in some situations as well.

Sudan stain test is often used to determine the level of fecal fat to diagnose steatorrhea. A small sample is dissolved in water or saline, glacial acetic acid is added to hydrolyze the insoluble salts of fatty acids, a few drops of alcoholic solution of Sudan III are added, the sample is spread on a microscopic slide, and heated twice to boil. Normally a stool sample should show only a few drops of red-orange stained fat under the microscope. The method is only semiquantitative but, due to its simplicity, it is used for screening.

Sudan is a captive Northern White Rhinoceros who lives at the Ol Pejeta Conservancy in Laikipia, Kenya. He is known for being the last male of his subspecies in the world and one of only three living Northern White Rhinoceroses in the world.

Early life

Sudan was born in Sudan (now South Sudan), caught in Shambe, South Sudan on November 19, 1973, and shipped to the Dvůr Králové Zoo for their Northern White Rhinoceros display. In December 2009, Sudan was moved from the Dvůr Králové Zoo to the Ol Pejeta Conservancy for a "Last Chance To Survive" breeding program. Along with three other Northern White Rhinoceroses, he was taken to Ol Pejeta Conservancy to create a more natural habitat for the animals to induce breeding.

Sudan is the father of Nabire (dam: Nasima, studbook number 0351), who was born November 15, 1983, and died in Dvůr Králové Zoo July, 2015. He is also the father of Najin, who was transported to Ol Pejeta Conservancy along with him in 2009. Najin was born in 1989, again with the dam being Nasima. Sudan has sired only one other offspring besides Nabire and Najin. Sudan is the grandfather of Fatu through his daughter Najin. For breeding, Sudan's studbook number is 0372.