Androgen (from Greek andro meaning male), also called androgenic hormone or testoid, is any natural or synthetic compound, usually a steroid hormone, that stimulates or controls the development and maintenance of male characteristics in vertebrates by binding to androgen receptors. This includes the activity of the primary male sex organs and development of male secondary sex characteristics. Androgens were first discovered in 1936. Androgens are also the original anabolic steroids and the precursor of all estrogens. The primary and most well-known androgen is testosterone.Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and androstenedione are less known generally, but are of equal importance in male development. DHT in the embryo life causes differentiation of penis, scrotum and prostate. Later in life DHT contributes to male balding, prostate growth and sebaceous gland activity. Although androgens are described as male sex hormones, both males and females have them to varying degrees, as is also true of estrogens.
"Importantly, when we removed the receptor protein from mice that binds to androgens, the Androgen Clock stopped. Moreover, when we gave androgen to females, the clock started ticking again ... An Androgen Clock for humans is now in progress.
“A female recognized in law should be eligible to compete in female competitions provided that she has androgen levels below the male range as shown by the serum concentration of testosterone,” one guideline says.
PhaseIII ARANOTE trial of darolutamide in combination with androgen deprivation therapy in men with metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer meets primary endpoint.
announced today that the first participant has been enrolled in a Phase 1 clinical trial to evaluate the safety of the patented topical pharmaceutical ET-02 for the treatment of androgenic alopecia (age-related hair loss).